Loan and Security Agreement, dated April 10, 2012, between Zoom Telephonics, Inc. and Silicon Valley Bank

Contract Categories: Business Finance - Loan Agreements
EX-10.1 2 zmtp_ex101.htm LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT zmtp_ex101.htm
EXHIBIT 10.1


 
LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT
 
This LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) dated as of April 10, 2012 (the “Effective Date”) is between SILICON VALLEY BANK, a California corporation (“Bank”), and ZOOM TELEPHONICS, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Borrower”), and provides the terms on which Bank shall lend to Borrower, and Borrower shall repay Bank.  The parties agree as follows:
 
1           ACCOUNTING AND OTHER TERMS
 
Accounting terms not defined in this Agreement shall be construed following GAAP.  Calculations and determinations must be made following GAAP; provided that if at any time any change in GAAP would affect the computation of any financial ratio or requirement set forth in any Loan Document, and either Borrower or Bank shall so request, Borrower and Bank shall negotiate in good faith to amend such ratio or requirement to preserve the original intent thereof in light of such change in GAAP; provided, further, that, until so amended, (a) such ratio or requirement shall continue to be computed in accordance with GAAP prior to such change therein and (b) Borrower shall provide Bank financial statements and other documents required under this Agreement or as reasonably requested hereunder setting forth a reconciliation between calculations of such ratio or requirement made before and after giving effect to such change in GAAP.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, all financial calculations (whether for pricing covenants, or otherwise) shall be made with regard to Borrower only and not on a consolidated basis.  The term “financial statements” includes the notes and schedules.  Capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this Agreement shall have the meanings set forth in Section 13 of this Agreement.  All other terms contained in this Agreement, unless otherwise indicated, shall have the meanings provided by the Code to the extent such terms are defined therein.
 
2           LOAN AND TERMS OF PAYMENT
 
2.1        Promise to Pay.  Borrower hereby unconditionally promises to pay Bank the outstanding principal amount of all Credit Extensions and accrued and unpaid interest thereon together with any fees and Finance Charges as and when due in accordance with this Agreement.
 
2.1.1     Financing of Accounts
 
(a)           Availability.
 
(i)          Subject to the terms of this Agreement and provided that Borrower is not Streamline Facility Eligible, Borrower may request that Bank finance specific Eligible Accounts.  Bank may, in its good faith business discretion, finance such specific Eligible Accounts by extending credit to Borrower in an amount equal to the result of the Advance Rate multiplied by the face amount of the Eligible Account.  Bank may, in its sole discretion, change the percentage of the Advance Rate for a particular Eligible Account on a case by case basis.
 
(ii)         Subject to the terms of this Agreement and provided that Borrower is Streamline Facility Eligible, Borrower may request that Bank finance Eligible Accounts on an aggregate basis (the “Aggregate Eligible Accounts”).  Bank may, in its good faith business discretion, finance Aggregate Eligible Accounts by extending credit to Borrower in an amount equal to the result of the Advance Rate multiplied by the face amount of the Aggregate Eligible Accounts.  Bank may, in its sole discretion, change the percentage of the Advance Rate and/or the percentage of the Borrowing Base for the Aggregate Eligible Accounts on a case by case basis.
 
(iii)        Any extension of credit made pursuant to the terms of subsections (i) or (ii) above shall hereinafter be referred to as an “Advance”, and, collectively, the “Advances”.  When Bank makes an Advance, the specific Eligible Account or the Aggregate Eligible Accounts each become a separate “Financed Receivable”.
 
 
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(b)           Maximum Advances.
 
(i)          The aggregate face amount of all Financed Receivables outstanding at any time may not exceed the Facility Amount.  In addition and notwithstanding the foregoing, (A) the aggregate amount of Advances outstanding at any time may not exceed One Million Dollars ($1,000,000.00), and (B) while Borrower is Streamline Facility Eligible, the aggregate amount of outstanding Advances may not exceed at any time the Availability Amount.
 
(ii)         If, at any time, amounts outstanding exceed the amounts set forth in this Section 2.1.1(b), Borrower shall immediately pay to Bank in cash such excess amount, and Borrower hereby irrevocably authorizes Bank to debit any of its accounts maintained with Bank or any of Bank’s Affiliates in connection therewith.
 
(c)           Borrowing Procedure.  Borrower will deliver an Advance Request and Invoice Transmittal in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C signed by a Responsible Officer for each Advance it requests, accompanied by (i) an accounts receivable aging and a Borrowing Base Certificate in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D, with respect to requests for Advances based upon Aggregate Eligible Accounts, or (ii) invoices, with respect to requests for Advances based upon specific Eligible Accounts.  Bank may rely on information set forth in or provided with the Advance Request and Invoice Transmittal.  In addition, upon Bank’s request, Borrower shall deliver to Bank any contracts, purchase orders, shipping documents or other underlying supporting documentation with respect to any Eligible Account (including those Eligible Accounts comprising the Aggregate Eligible Accounts).
 
(d)           Credit Quality; Confirmations.  Bank may, at its option, conduct a credit check of the Account Debtor for each Account requested by Borrower for financing hereunder to approve any such Account Debtor’s credit before agreeing to finance such Account.  Bank may also verify directly with the respective Account Debtors the validity, amount and other matters relating to the Accounts (including confirmations of Borrower’s representations in Section 5.3 of this Agreement) by means of mail, telephone or otherwise, either in the name of Borrower or Bank from time to time in its sole discretion.
 
(e)           Accounts Notification/Collection.  Bank may notify any Account Debtor of Bank’s security interest in the Borrower’s Accounts and verify and/or collect them.
 
(f)            Early Termination.  This Agreement may be terminated prior to the Maturity Date as follows: (i) by Borrower, effective three (3) Business Days after written notice of termination is given to Bank; or (ii) by Bank at any time after the occurrence of an Event of Default, without notice, effective immediately.  If this Agreement is terminated (A) by Bank in accordance with clause (ii) in the foregoing sentence, or (B) by Borrower for any reason, Borrower shall pay to Bank a non-refundable termination fee in an amount equal to Ten Thousand Dollars ($10,000.00) (the “Early Termination Fee”).  The Early Termination Fee shall be due and payable on the effective date of such termination and thereafter shall bear interest at a rate equal to the highest rate applicable to any of the Obligations.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, Bank agrees to waive the Early Termination Fee if (a) Bank closes on the refinance and re-documentation of this Agreement under another division of Bank (in its sole and exclusive discretion) prior to the Maturity Date, or (b) provided that no Event of Default shall have occurred, Borrower terminates this Agreement in accordance with this Section 2.1.1(f) within five (5) days of Borrower’s receipt of written notice from Bank that Bank has permanently terminated Borrower’s ability to request Credit Extensions hereunder pursuant to Section 2.1.1(h).
 
(g)           Maturity.  This Agreement shall terminate and all Obligations outstanding hereunder shall be immediately due and payable in full on the Maturity Date.
 
(h)           Suspension of Credit Extensions.  Borrower’s ability to request that Bank make Credit Extensions hereunder will terminate if, in Bank’s sole discretion, there has been a material adverse change in the general affairs, management, results of operation, condition (financial or otherwise) or the prospect of repayment of the Obligations, or there has been any material adverse deviation by Borrower from the most recent business plan of Borrower presented to and accepted by Bank prior to the Effective Date.
 
 
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(i)            End of Streamline Facility Eligible Status.  On any day that Borrower ceases to be Streamline Facility Eligible, all outstanding Advances made based on Aggregate Eligible Accounts shall be immediately due and payable, together with all Finance Charges accrued thereon.  Provided no Event of Default then exists hereunder and subject to the terms of this Agreement, Bank may, in its good faith business discretion, refinance the outstanding principal amount of such Advances with new Advances made based on specific Eligible Accounts (in accordance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, Section 2.1.1 hereof).  In connection with same, Borrower shall deliver to Bank an Advance Request and Invoice Transmittal in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C containing detailed invoice reporting, signed by a Responsible Officer, together with a current accounts receivable aging and a copy of each invoice, all in accordance with Section 6.2(g) hereof and Bank may, in its good faith business discretion, finance same (in accordance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, Section 2.1.1 hereof) and each Eligible Account financed shall thereafter be deemed to be a Financed Receivable for purposes of this Agreement.  If, following such determination, the outstanding principal amount of the Obligations in connection with Advances made pursuant to Section 2.1.1 exceeds the amount of Advances Bank has agreed to make based on specific Eligible Accounts, Borrower shall immediately pay to Bank the excess and, in connection with same, hereby irrevocably authorizes Bank to debit any account of Borrower maintained by Borrower with Bank or any of Bank’s Affiliates for the amount of such excess.
 
(j)            Commencement of Streamline Facility Eligible Status.  On any day that Borrower becomes Streamline Facility Eligible, all outstanding Advances made based on specific Eligible Accounts shall be immediately due and payable, together with all Finance Charges and Collateral Handling Fees accrued thereon.  Provided no Event of Default then exists hereunder and subject to the terms of this Agreement, Bank may, in its good faith business discretion, refinance such Advances with new Advances made based on Aggregate Eligible Accounts (in accordance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, Section 2.1.1 hereof).  In connection with such request, Borrower shall deliver to Bank (i) an Advance Request and Invoice Transmittal in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C containing a current accounts receivable aging, and (ii) a Borrowing Base Certificate in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D, and Bank may, in its good faith business discretion, refinance the outstanding principal amount of such Advances with new Advances made based on Aggregate Eligible Accounts (in accordance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, Section 2.1.1 hereof) and the Aggregate Eligible Accounts financed shall thereafter be deemed to be a Financed Receivable for purposes of this Agreement.  If, following such determination, the outstanding principal amount of the Obligations in connection with Advances made pursuant to Section 2.1.1 exceeds the amount of Advances Bank has agreed to make based on Aggregate Eligible Accounts, Borrower shall immediately pay to Bank the excess and, in connection with same, hereby irrevocably authorizes Bank to debit any account of Borrower maintained by Borrower with Bank or any of Bank’s Affiliates for the amount of such excess.
 
2.2        Collections, Finance Charges, Remittances and Fees.  The Obligations shall be subject to the following fees and Finance Charges.  Unpaid fees and Finance Charges may, in Bank’s discretion, accrue interest at the then highest rate applicable to the Obligations.
 
2.3        Collections. Collections will be credited to the Financed Receivable Balance for such Financed Receivable, but if there is an Event of Default, Bank may apply Collections to the Obligations in any order it chooses.  If Bank receives a payment for both a Financed Receivable and a non-Financed Receivable, the funds will first be applied to the Financed Receivable and, if there is no Event of Default then existing, the excess will be remitted to Borrower, subject to Section 2.9 of this Agreement.
 
2.4        Facility Fee.  A fully earned, non-refundable facility fee of Ten Thousand Dollars ($10,000.00) is due upon the Effective Date (the “Facility Fee”).
 
 
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2.5        Finance Charges. In computing Finance Charges on the Obligations under this Agreement, all Collections received by Bank shall be deemed applied by Bank on account of the Obligations three (3) Business Days after receipt of the Collections.  Borrower will pay a finance charge (the “Finance Charge”) on the Financed Receivable Balance or Account Balance (as applicable) which is equal to the Applicable Rate divided by 360 multiplied by the number of days each such Financed Receivable is outstanding multiplied by (a) with respect to Financed Receivables based on specific Eligible Accounts, the outstanding Financed Receivable Balance based on specific Eligible Accounts, and (b) with respect to Financed Receivables based on Aggregate Eligible Accounts, the outstanding Account Balance.  Except as otherwise provided in Section 2.1.1(i), Section 2.1.1(j) and/or Section 2.11.1(b)(i), the Finance Charge is payable when the Advance made based on such Financed Receivable is due and payable in accordance with Section 2.11 of this Agreement.  Immediately upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Applicable Rate will increase an additional four percent (4.0%) per annum.  In the event that the aggregate amount of Finance Charges earned by Bank in any Reconciliation Period is less than the Minimum Finance Charge, Borrower shall pay to Bank an additional Finance Charge equal to (i) the Minimum Finance Charge minus (ii) the aggregate amount of all Finance Charges earned by Bank in such Reconciliation Period.  Such additional Finance Charge shall be payable on the first day of the next Reconciliation Period.
 
2.6        Collateral Handling Fee.  With respect to Financed Receivables based upon specific Eligible Accounts, Borrower will pay to Bank a collateral handling fee equal to 0.20% per Reconciliation Period of the average Financed Receivable Balance for each such Financed Receivable (based upon a specific Eligible Account) outstanding based upon a 360 day year (the “Collateral Handling Fee”).  The Collateral Handling Fee is charged on a daily basis and is equal to the Collateral Handling Fee divided by 30, multiplied by the number of days each such Financed Receivable is outstanding, multiplied by the outstanding Financed Receivable Balance.  Except as otherwise provided in Section 2.1.1(j), the Collateral Handling Fee is payable when the Advance made based on such Financed Receivable is payable in accordance with Section 2.11 of this Agreement.  In computing Collateral Handling Fees under this Agreement, all Collections received by Bank shall be deemed applied by Bank on account of Obligations three (3) Business Days after receipt of the Collections.  Immediately upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Collateral Handling Fee will increase an additional 0.50%.
 
2.7        Accounting.  After each Reconciliation Period, Bank will provide Borrower with an accounting of the transactions for that Reconciliation Period, including the amount of all Financed Receivables, all Collections, Adjustments, Finance Charges, Collateral Handling Fees and the Facility Fee.  If Borrower does not object to the accounting in writing within thirty (30) days it shall be considered accurate.  All Finance Charges and other interest and fees are calculated on the basis of a 360 day year and actual days elapsed.
 
2.8        Deductions.  Bank may deduct fees, Bank Expenses, Finance Charges, Collateral Handling Fees, the Facility Fee, Advances which become due pursuant to Section 2.11 of this Agreement, and other amounts due pursuant to this Agreement from any Credit Extensions made or Collections received by Bank.
 
2.9        Lockbox; Account Collection Services
 
(a)           Borrower shall direct each Account Debtor (and each depository institution where proceeds of Accounts are on deposit) to remit payments with respect to the Accounts to a lockbox account established with Bank or to wire transfer payments to a cash collateral account that Bank controls (collectively, the “Lockbox”).  It will be considered an immediate Event of Default if the Lockbox is not established and operational on the Effective Date and at all times thereafter.
 
(b)           Upon receipt by Borrower of any proceeds of Accounts, Borrower shall immediately transfer and deliver same to Bank, along with a detailed cash receipts journal.
 
(c)           Provided no Event of Default exists or an event that with notice or lapse of time will be an Event of Default, within three (3) days of receipt of any proceeds of the Accounts by Bank (whether received by Bank in the Lockbox, directly from Borrower, or otherwise), Bank will turn over to Borrower such proceeds other than (i) Collections applied by Bank pursuant to Section 2.3 of this Agreement in respect of Financed Receivables based upon specific Eligible Accounts, and (ii) such proceeds which shall be used by Bank to repay any other amounts due to Bank in respect of Financed Receivables based upon specific Eligible Accounts, such as Finance Charges, the Facility Fee, Collateral Handling Fees and Bank Expenses; provided, however, Bank may hold any proceeds of the Accounts (whether received by Bank in the Lockbox, directly from Borrower, or otherwise and whether or not in respect of Financed Receivables) as a reserve until the end of the applicable Reconciliation Period if Bank, in its reasonable discretion, determines that other Financed Receivable(s) may no longer qualify as a specific Eligible Account or Aggregate Eligible Accounts at any time prior to the end of the subject Reconciliation Period.
 
 
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(d)           This Section 2.9 does not impose any affirmative duty on Bank to perform any act other than as specifically set forth herein.  All Accounts and the proceeds thereof are Collateral, and if an Event of Default occurs, Bank may, without notice, apply the proceeds of such Accounts to the Obligations.
 
2.10      Bank Expenses.  Borrower shall pay all Bank Expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, plus expenses, for documentation and negotiation of this Agreement) incurred through and after the Effective Date, when due.
 
2.11     Repayment of Obligations; Adjustments
 
2.11.1  Repayment.
 
(a)            Borrower will repay each Advance made based upon a specific Eligible Account on the earliest of: (i) the date on which payment is received of the Financed Receivable with respect to which the Advance was made, (ii) the date on which the Financed Receivable is no longer an Eligible Account, (iii) the date on which any Adjustment is asserted to the Financed Receivable (but only to the extent of the Adjustment if the Financed Receivable otherwise remains an Eligible Account), (iv) the date on which there is a breach of any representation or warranty in Section 5.3 of this Agreement or of any covenant in the Loan Documents, (v) as required pursuant to Section 2.1.1(j), or (vi) the Maturity Date (including any early termination).  Each payment will also include all accrued Finance Charges and Collateral Handling Fees with respect to such Advance and all other amounts then due and payable hereunder.
 
(b)           With respect to each Advance made based upon Aggregate Eligible Accounts:
 
(i)          Borrower will pay to Bank, on the first day of each Reconciliation Period, all Finance Charges accrued thereon;
 
(ii)         Borrower will pay the principal amount of such Advances on the earliest of: (A) the date on which the aggregate amount of outstanding Advances made based upon Aggregate Eligible Accounts exceeds the Availability Amount (but only up to the amount exceeding the Availability Amount), (B) the Maturity Date (including any early termination), or (C) as required pursuant to Section 2.1.1(i).  Any payment on the Maturity Date or pursuant to Section 2.1.1(i) will also include all accrued Finance Charges with respect to the Advances based upon Aggregate Eligible Accounts and all other amounts then due and payable hereunder; and
 
(iii)        In addition to the foregoing, Borrower hereby authorizes Bank to refinance, up to one (1) time per Reconciliation Period, all outstanding Advances which are made based upon Aggregate Eligible Accounts.  Each such refinancing shall consist of the creation of a new “placeholder note” on the books of Bank which evidences the Financed Receivable Balance with respect to all Advances which are outstanding which are based upon Aggregate Eligible Accounts.
 
2.11.2   Repayment on Event of Default.  When there is an Event of Default, Borrower will, if Bank demands (or, upon the occurrence of an Event of Default under Section 8.5 of this Agreement, immediately without notice or demand from Bank) repay all of the Obligations.  The demand may, at Bank’s option, include all Credit Extensions then outstanding, and all accrued Finance Charges, the Early Termination Fee, Collateral Handling Fees, attorneys’ and professional fees, court costs and expenses, Bank Expenses and any other Obligations.
 
2.11.3   Debit of Accounts.  Bank may debit any of Borrower’s deposit accounts for payments or any amounts Borrower owes Bank hereunder.  These debits shall not constitute a set-off.
 
 
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2.12      Power of Attorney.  Borrower irrevocably appoints Bank and its successors and assigns as attorney-in-fact and authorizes Bank and its successor and assigns, to: (a) following the occurrence of an Event of Default and while an Event of Default is continuing, (i) sell, assign, transfer, pledge, compromise, or discharge all or any part of the Financed Receivables; (ii) demand, collect, sue, and give releases to any Account Debtor for monies due and compromise, prosecute, or defend any action, claim, case or proceeding about the Financed Receivables, including filing a claim or voting a claim in any bankruptcy case in Bank’s or Borrower’s name, as Bank chooses; and (iii) prepare, file and sign Borrower’s name on any notice, claim, assignment, demand, draft, or notice of or satisfaction of lien or mechanics’ lien or similar document; and (b) regardless of whether an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, (i) notify all Account Debtors to pay Bank directly; (ii) receive and open mail addressed to Borrower; (iii) endorse Borrower’s name on checks or other instruments (to the extent necessary to pay amounts owed pursuant to any of the Loan Documents); and (iv) execute on Borrower’s behalf any instruments, documents, financing statements to perfect Bank’s interests in the Financed Receivables and Collateral and do all acts and things necessary or prudent, as determined solely and exclusively by Bank, to protect or  preserve, Bank’s rights and remedies under the Loan Documents, as directed by Bank.
 
3           CONDITIONS OF LOANS
 
3.1        Conditions Precedent to Initial Credit Extension.  Bank’s obligation to make the initial Credit Extension is subject to the condition precedent that Bank shall have received, in form and substance satisfactory to Bank, such documents, and completion of such other matters, as Bank may reasonably deem necessary or appropriate, including, without limitation:
 
(a)            the Loan Documents;
 
(b)           the SVB Control Agreement;
 
(c)            Borrower’s Operating Documents and a long form good standing certificate of Borrower certified by the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, as of a date no earlier than thirty (30) days prior to the Effective Date;
 
(d)   the completed and executed Borrowing Resolutions for Borrower;
 
(e)            certified copies, dated as of a recent date, of financing statement searches, as Bank shall request, accompanied by written evidence (including any UCC termination statements) that the Liens indicated in any such financing statements either constitute Permitted Liens or have been or, in connection with the initial Credit Extension, will be terminated or released;
 
(f)             evidence that (i) the Liens of Wells Fargo Bank, National Association have been terminated and (ii) the documents and filings evidencing such Liens, including, without limitation, any financing statements and/or control agreements, have been terminated, including, without limitation, an acknowledgement copy of a filed termination authorized by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association of that certain UCC financing statement filing no. 20112441387 made with the Delaware Secretary of State;
 
(g)   the Perfection Certificate of Borrower, together with the duly executed original signature thereto;
 
(h)           a legal opinion of Borrower’s counsel (authority/enforceability), in form and substance acceptable to Bank;
 
(i)             evidence satisfactory to Bank that the insurance policies required by Section 6.4 of this Agreement are in full force and effect, together with appropriate evidence showing lender loss payable and additional insured clauses and cancellation notice to Bank (including certificates on Acord 25 and Acord 28 forms and endorsements to the policies reflecting the same);
 
 
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(j)             payment of the fees and Bank Expenses then due as specified in Section 2.10 of this Agreement; and
 
(k)            Certificate of Good Standing/Foreign Qualification (Massachusetts) for Borrower.
 
3.2         Conditions Precedent to all Credit Extensions.  Bank’s agreement to make each Credit Extension, including the initial Credit Extension, is subject to the following:
 
(a)            receipt of the Advance Request and Invoice Transmittal and the documents required by Section 2.1.1(c) of this Agreement;
 
(b)            Bank shall have (at its option) conducted the confirmations and verifications as described in Section 2.1.1(d) of this Agreement; and
 
(c)            each of the representations and warranties in this Agreement shall be true, accurate, and complete on the date of the Advance Request and Invoice Transmittal and on the effective date of each Credit Extension and no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, or result from the Credit Extension.  Each Credit Extension is Borrower’s representation and warranty on that date that the representations and warranties in this Agreement remain true, accurate, and complete.
 
3.3        Covenant to Deliver.  Borrower agrees to deliver to Bank each item required to be delivered to Bank under this Agreement as a condition precedent to any Credit Extension.  Borrower expressly agrees that a Credit Extension made prior to the receipt by Bank of any such item shall not constitute a waiver by Bank of Borrower’s obligation to deliver such item, and the making of any Credit Extension in the absence of a required item shall be in Bank’s sole discretion.
 
4           CREATION OF SECURITY INTEREST
 
4.1        Grant of Security Interest.  Borrower hereby grants Bank, to secure the payment and performance in full of all of the Obligations, a continuing security interest in, and pledges to Bank, the Collateral, wherever located, whether now owned or hereafter acquired or arising, and all proceeds and products thereof.  Borrower represents, warrants, and covenants that the security interest granted herein shall be and shall at all times continue to be a first priority perfected security interest in the Collateral subject only to Permitted Liens that are permitted to have priority over Bank’s Liens hereunder.  If Borrower shall at any time acquire a commercial tort claim, Borrower shall promptly notify Bank in a writing signed by Borrower of the general details thereof and grant to Bank in such writing a security interest therein and in the proceeds thereof, all upon the terms of this Agreement, with such writing to be in form and substance satisfactory to Bank.
 
Borrower acknowledges that it may have previously entered, and/or may in the future enter, into Bank Services with Bank.  Regardless of the terms of any Bank Services Agreement, Borrower agrees that any amounts Borrower owes Bank thereunder shall be deemed to be Obligations hereunder and that it is the intent of Borrower and Bank to have all such Obligations secured by the first priority security interest granted herein.
 
If this Agreement is terminated, Bank’s Lien in the Collateral shall continue until the Obligations (other than inchoate indemnity obligations) are satisfied in full, and at such time, Bank shall, at Borrower’s sole cost and expense, terminate its security interest in the Collateral and all rights therein shall revert to Borrower.  In the event (a) all Obligations (other than inchoate indemnity obligations), except for Bank Services, are satisfied in full, and (b) this Agreement is terminated, Bank shall terminate the security interest granted herein upon Borrower providing cash collateral acceptable to Bank in its good faith business judgment for Bank Services, if any.  In the event such Bank Services consist of outstanding Letters of Credit, Borrower shall provide to Bank cash collateral in an amount equal to one hundred five percent (105.0%) for Letters of Credit denominated in Dollars and one hundred ten percent (110.0%) for Letters of Credit denominated in a currency other than Dollars, in each case of the Dollar Equivalent of the face amount of all such Letters of Credit plus all interest, fees, and costs due or to become due in connection therewith (as estimated by Bank in its good faith business judgment), to secure all of the Obligations relating  to such  Letters of Credit.
 
 
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4.2         Authorization to File Financing Statements.  Borrower hereby authorizes Bank to file financing statements, without notice to Borrower, with all appropriate jurisdictions to perfect or protect Bank’s interest or rights hereunder, including a notice that any disposition of the Collateral, by either Borrower or any other Person, other than as expressly permitted by this Agreement, shall be deemed to violate the rights of Bank under the Code.  Any such financing statements may indicate the Collateral as “all assets of the Debtor” or words of similar effect, or as being of an equal or lesser scope, or with greater detail, all in Bank’s discretion.
 
5           REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
 
Borrower represents and warrants as follows:
 
5.1        Due Organization and Authorization.  Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries are duly existing and in good standing as Registered Organizations in their respective jurisdictions of formation and are qualified and licensed to do business and are in good standing in any other jurisdiction in which the conduct of their respective business or ownership of property requires that they be qualified except where the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on Borrower’s business.  In connection with this Agreement, Borrower has delivered to Bank a completed certificate signed by Borrower, entitled Perfection Certificate (the “Perfection Certificate”).  Borrower represents and warrants to Bank that (a) Borrower’s exact legal name is that indicated on the Perfection Certificate and on the signature page hereof; (b) Borrower is an organization of the type and is organized in the jurisdiction set forth in the Perfection Certificate; (c) the Perfection Certificate accurately sets forth Borrower’s organizational identification number or accurately states that Borrower has none; (d) the Perfection Certificate accurately sets forth Borrower’s place of business, or, if more than one, its chief executive office as well as Borrower’s mailing address (if different than its chief executive office); (e) Borrower (and each of its predecessors) has not, in the past five (5) years, changed its jurisdiction of formation, corporate structure, organizational type, or any organizational number assigned by its jurisdiction; and (f) all other information set forth on the Perfection Certificate pertaining to Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries is accurate and complete (it being understood and agreed that Borrower may from time to time update certain information in the Perfection Certificate after the Effective Date to the extent permitted by one or more specific provisions in this Agreement).  If Borrower is not now a Registered Organization but later becomes one, Borrower shall promptly notify Bank of such occurrence and provide Bank with Borrower’s organizational identification number.
 
The execution, delivery and performance by Borrower of the Loan Documents to which it is a party have been duly authorized, and do not (i) conflict with any of Borrower’s organizational documents, (ii) contravene, conflict with, constitute a default under or violate any material Requirement of Law, (iii) contravene, conflict or violate any applicable order, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, determination or award of any Governmental Authority by which Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their property or assets may be bound or affected, (iv) require any action by, filing, registration, or qualification with, or Governmental Approval from, any Governmental Authority (except such Governmental Approvals which have already been obtained and are in full force and effect), or (v) constitute an event of default under any material agreement by which Borrower is bound.  Borrower is not in default under any agreement to which it is a party or by which it is bound in which the default could have a material adverse effect on Borrower’s business.
 
 
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5.2        Collateral.  Borrower has good title to, has rights in, and the power to transfer, each item of the Collateral upon which it purports to grant a Lien hereunder, free and clear of any and all Liens except Permitted Liens.  Borrower has no deposit accounts other than the deposit accounts with Bank, the deposit accounts, if any, described in the Perfection Certificate delivered to Bank in connection herewith, or of which Borrower has given Bank notice and taken such actions as are necessary to give Bank a perfected security interest therein.  The Accounts are bona fide, existing obligations of the Account Debtors.  All Inventory is in all material respects of good and marketable quality, free from material defects.
 
The Collateral is not in the possession of any third party bailee (such as a warehouse) except as otherwise provided in the Perfection Certificate.  None of the components of the Collateral are currently being maintained at locations other than as provided in the Perfection Certificate or as permitted pursuant to Section 7.2 of this Agreement.
 
Borrower is the sole owner of the Intellectual Property which it owns or purports to own except for (a) non-exclusive licenses granted to its customers in the ordinary course of business, (b) over-the-counter software that is commercially available to the public, and (c) material Intellectual Property licensed to Borrower and noted on the Perfection Certificate.  Each Patent which it owns or purports to own and which is material to Borrower’s business is valid and enforceable, and no part of the Intellectual Property which Borrower owns or purports to own and which is material to Borrower’s business has been judged invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part.  To the best of Borrower’s knowledge, no claim has been made that any part of the Intellectual Property violates the rights of any third party except to the extent such claim would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on Borrower’s business.  Except as noted on the Perfection Certificate, Borrower is not a party to, nor is it bound by, any Restricted License.
 
5.3         Financed Receivables.  Borrower represents and warrants for each Financed Receivable:
 
(a)           Such Financed Receivable is an Eligible Account;
 
(b)           Borrower is the owner of and has the legal right to sell, transfer, assign and encumber such Financed Receivable;
 
(c)           The correct amount is on the Advance Request and Invoice Transmittal and is not disputed;
 
(d)           Payment is not contingent on any obligation or contract and Borrower has fulfilled all its obligations as of the Advance Request and Invoice Transmittal date;
 
(e)           Such Financed Receivable is based on an actual sale and delivery of goods and/or services rendered, is due to Borrower, is not past due or in default, has not been previously sold, assigned, transferred, or pledged and is free of any liens, security interests and encumbrances other than Permitted Liens;
 
(f)           There are no defenses, offsets, counterclaims or agreements for which the Account Debtor may claim any deduction or discount;
 
(g)           Borrower reasonably believes no Account Debtor is insolvent or subject to any Insolvency Proceedings;
 
(h)           Borrower has not filed or had filed against it Insolvency Proceedings and does not anticipate any filing;
 
 
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(i)           Bank has the right to endorse and/ or require Borrower to endorse all payments received on Financed Receivables and all proceeds of Collateral; and
 
(j)           No representation, warranty or other statement of Borrower in any certificate or written statement given to Bank contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statement contained in the certificates or statement not misleading.
 
5.4        Litigation.  There are no actions or proceedings pending or, to the knowledge of Borrower’s Responsible Officers, threatened in writing by or against Borrower or any Subsidiary in which an adverse decision could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change.
 
5.5        No Material Deviation in Financial Statements and Deterioration in Financial Condition.  All consolidated financial statements for Borrower and any Subsidiary delivered to Bank fairly present in all material respects Borrower’s consolidated financial condition and Borrower’s consolidated results of operations.  There has not been any material deterioration in Borrower’s consolidated financial condition since the date of the most recent financial statements submitted to Bank.
 
5.6        Solvency.  The fair salable value of Borrower’s assets (including goodwill minus disposition costs) exceeds the fair value of its liabilities; Borrower is not left with unreasonably small capital after the transactions in this Agreement; and Borrower is able to pay its debts (including trade debts) as they mature.

5.7        Regulatory Compliance.  Borrower is not an “investment company” or a company “controlled” by an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.  Borrower is not engaged as one of its important activities in extending credit for margin stock (under Regulations X, T and U of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors).  Borrower has complied in all material respects with the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act.  Borrower has not violated any laws, ordinances or rules, the violation of which could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change.  None of Borrower’s or any Subsidiary’s properties or assets have been used by Borrower or any Subsidiary or, to the best of Borrower’s knowledge, by previous Persons, in disposing, producing, storing, treating, or transporting any hazardous substance other than legally.  Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries have obtained all consents, approvals and authorizations of, made all declarations or filings with, and given all notices to, all Governmental Authorities that are necessary to continue their respective businesses as currently conducted.
 
5.8        Subsidiaries.  Borrower does not own any stock, partnership interest or other equity securities except for Permitted Investments.
 
5.9        Tax Returns and Payments; Pension Contributions.  Borrower and each Subsidiary have timely filed all required tax returns and reports, and Borrower and each Subsidiary have timely paid all foreign, federal, state and local taxes, assessments, deposits and contributions owed by Borrower and each Subsidiary.  Borrower may defer payment of any contested taxes, provided that Borrower (a) in good faith contests its obligation to pay the taxes by appropriate proceedings promptly and diligently instituted and conducted, (b) notifies Bank in writing of the commencement of, and any material development in, the proceedings and (c) posts bonds or takes any other steps required to prevent the Governmental Authority levying such contested taxes from obtaining a Lien upon any of the Collateral that is other than a “Permitted Lien”.  Borrower is unaware of any claims or adjustments proposed for any of Borrower's prior tax years which could result in additional taxes becoming due and payable by Borrower.  Borrower has paid all amounts necessary to fund all present pension, profit sharing and deferred compensation plans in accordance with their terms, and Borrower has not withdrawn from participation in, and has not permitted partial or complete termination of, or permitted the occurrence of any other event with respect to, any such plan which could reasonably be expected to result in any liability of Borrower, including any liability to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation or its successors or any other governmental agency.
 
 
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5.10      Full Disclosure.  No written representation, warranty or other statement of Borrower in any certificate or written statement given to Bank, as of the date such representation, warranty, or other statement was made, taken together with all such written certificates and written statements given to Bank, contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements contained in the certificates or statements not misleading (it being recognized by Bank that any projections and forecasts provided by Borrower in good faith and based upon reasonable assumptions are not viewed as facts and that actual results during the period or periods covered by such projections and forecasts may differ from the projected or forecasted results).
 
6           AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS
 
Borrower shall do all of the following:
 
6.1        Government Compliance
 
(a)            Maintain its and all its Subsidiaries’ legal existence and good standing in their respective jurisdictions of formation and maintain qualification in each jurisdiction in which the failure to so qualify would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on Borrower’s business or operations.  Borrower shall comply, and have each Subsidiary comply, with all laws, ordinances and regulations to which it is subject, noncompliance with which could have a material adverse effect on Borrower’s business.
 
(b)            Obtain all of the Governmental Approvals necessary for the performance by Borrower of its obligations under the Loan Documents to which it is a party and the grant of a security interest to Bank in all of its property.  Borrower shall promptly provide copies of any such obtained Governmental Approvals to Bank.
 
(c)           Deliver to Bank, within five (5) days after the same are sent or received, copies of all correspondence, reports, documents and other filings with any Governmental Authority regarding compliance with or maintenance of Governmental Approvals or Requirements of Law or that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on any of the Governmental Approvals or otherwise on the operations of Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries; provided, however that Borrower shall not be required to deliver to Bank copies of any correspondence, reports, documents or other filings regarding product-specific approvals or certifications from or with any Governmental Authority.
 
6.2        Financial Statements, Reports, Certificates
 
(a)           Deliver to Bank: (i) as soon as available, but no later than thirty (30) days after the last day of each Reconciliation Period, a company prepared consolidated balance sheet and income statement covering Borrower’s consolidated operations during the period certified by a Responsible Officer and in a form acceptable to Bank; (ii) as soon as available, but no later than one hundred eighty (180) days after the last day of Borrower’s fiscal year, audited consolidated financial statements prepared under GAAP, consistently applied, together with an unqualified opinion on the financial statements from an independent certified public accounting firm reasonably acceptable to Bank; (iii) within five (5) days of filing, copies of all statements, reports and notices made available to Borrower’s security holders or to any holders of Subordinated Debt and all reports on Form 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K filed with the SEC; (iv) a prompt report of any legal actions pending or threatened against Borrower or any Subsidiary that could result in damages or costs to Borrower or any Subsidiary of One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000.00) or more; (v) as soon as available, but no later than thirty (30) days after the last day of Borrower’s fiscal year, and contemporaneously with any updates or amendments thereto, annual financial projections approved by Borrower’s board of directors, together with any related business forecasts used in the preparation of such annual financial plans and projections; and (vi) budgets, sales projections, operating plans or other financial information reasonably requested by Bank.
 
 
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(b)           Within thirty (30) days after the last day of each Reconciliation Period, deliver to Bank with the monthly financial statements a Compliance Certificate signed by a Responsible Officer in the form of Exhibit B.
 
(c)           Allow Bank to inspect the Collateral and audit and copy Borrower’s Books, including, but not limited to, Borrower’s Accounts, upon reasonable notice to Borrower.  Such inspections or audits shall be conducted no more often than once every twelve (12) months unless an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.  The foregoing inspections and audits shall be at Borrower’s expense.  In the event Borrower and Bank schedule an audit more than ten (10) days in advance, and Borrower cancels or seeks to reschedule the audit with less than ten (10) days written notice to Bank, then (without limiting any of Bank’s rights or remedies), Borrower shall pay Bank a fee of One Thousand Dollars ($1,000.00) plus any out-of-pocket expenses incurred by Bank to compensate Bank for the anticipated costs and expenses of the cancellation or rescheduling.  Borrower hereby acknowledges that the first such audit will be conducted within thirty (30) days of the initial Credit Extension.  After the occurrence of an Event of Default, Bank may audit Borrower’s Collateral at Borrower’s expense, including, but not limited to, Borrower’s Accounts as frequently as Bank deems necessary at Borrower’s expense and at Bank’s sole and exclusive discretion, without notification to and authorization from Borrower.
 
(d)           Upon Bank’s request, provide a written report on any Financed Receivable, where payment of such Financed Receivable does not occur by its due date and include the reasons for the delay.
 
(e)           Provide Bank with, as soon as available, but no later than thirty (30) days following each Reconciliation Period, an aged listing of accounts receivable and accounts payable by invoice date, in form and detail acceptable to Bank.
 
(f)            Immediately upon Borrower becoming Streamline Facility Eligible, and thereafter until Borrower is no longer Streamline Facility Eligible, provide Bank with, as soon as available, but no later than thirty (30) days following each Reconciliation Period, a duly completed Borrowing Base Certificate signed by a Responsible Officer.
 
(g)           Immediately upon Borrower ceasing to be Streamline Facility Eligible, provide Bank with a current aging of Accounts and, to the extent not previously delivered to Bank, a copy of the invoice for each Eligible Account and an Advance Request and Invoice Transmittal with respect to each such Account.
 
(h)           Provide Bank with, as soon as available, but no later than thirty (30) days following each Reconciliation Period, a Deferred Revenue report, in form and detail acceptable to Bank.
 
(i)            Provide Bank prompt written notice of (i) any material change in the composition of the Intellectual Property, (ii) the registration of any Copyright, including any subsequent ownership right of Borrower in or to any Copyright, Patent or Trademark not shown in the IP Agreement, and (iii) Borrower’s knowledge of an event that could reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect the value of the Intellectual Property.
 
6.3        Taxes.  Make, and cause each Subsidiary to make, timely payment of all foreign, federal, state, and local taxes or assessments (other than taxes and assessments which Borrower is contesting in good faith, with adequate reserves maintained in accordance with GAAP) and will deliver to Bank, on demand, appropriate certificates attesting to such payments.
 
 
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6.4        Insurance.  Keep its business and the Collateral insured for risks and in amounts standard for companies in Borrower’s industry and location, and as Bank may reasonably request.  Insurance policies shall be in a form, with companies, and in amounts that are satisfactory to Bank.  All property policies shall have a lender’s loss payable endorsement showing Bank as the sole lender loss payee and waive subrogation against Bank, and all liability policies shall show, or have endorsements showing, Bank as an additional insured.  All policies (or the lender loss payable and additional insured endorsements) shall provide that the insurer must give Bank at least twenty (20) days notice before canceling, amending, or declining to renew its policy.  At Bank’s request, Borrower shall deliver certified copies of policies and evidence of all premium payments.  Proceeds payable under any policy shall, at Bank’s option, be payable to Bank on account of the Obligations.  If Borrower fails to obtain insurance as required under this Section 6.4 or to pay any amount or furnish any required proof of payment to third persons and Bank, Bank may make all or part of such payment or obtain such insurance policies required in this Section 6.4, and take any action under the policies Bank deems prudent.
 
6.5        Accounts
 
(a)           To permit Bank to monitor Borrower’s financial performance and condition, maintain all of Borrower’s and its Subsidiaries’ depository and operating accounts and securities/investment accounts with Bank and Bank’s Affiliates; provided, however, that Borrower may maintain Borrower’s existing deposit accounts with NatWest in the United Kingdom containing, in the aggregate for all such accounts combined, an amount of funds not to exceed at any time the lesser of (i) One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000.00) and (ii) the actual amount of the ordinary and necessary operating expenses of Borrower for the most recent month (collectively, the “Permitted UK Accounts”).  Any Guarantor shall maintain all depository and operating accounts with Bank, and, with respect to securities/investment accounts, with an Affiliate of Bank.
 
(b)           For any Collateral Account that Bank in its sole discretion permits Borrower at any time to open or maintain, Borrower shall cause the applicable bank or financial institution (other than Bank) at or with which any Collateral Account is maintained to execute and deliver a Control Agreement or other appropriate instrument with respect to such Collateral Account to perfect Bank’s Lien in such Collateral Account in accordance with the terms hereunder, which Control Agreement may not be terminated without the prior written consent of Bank.  The provisions of the previous sentence shall not apply to (a) deposit accounts exclusively used for payroll, payroll taxes and other employee wage and benefit payments to or for the benefit of Borrower’s employees and identified to Bank by Borrower as such, or (b) the Permitted UK Accounts.
 
6.6        Inventory; Returns; Notices of Adjustments.  Keep all Inventory in good and marketable condition, free from material defects in a manner consistent with past practice.  Returns and allowances between Borrower and its Account Debtors shall follow Borrower’s customary practices as they exist at the Effective Date.  If, at any time during the term of this Agreement, any Account Debtor asserts an Adjustment in excess of One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000.00), Borrower issues a credit memorandum, or any representation, warranty or covenant set forth in this Agreement or the other Loan Documents is no longer true in all material respects, Borrower will promptly advise Bank.
 
6.7        Financial Covenant – Tangible Net Worth.  Borrower shall have at all times, to be tested as of the last day of each month, Tangible Net Worth of at least Three Million Dollars ($3,000,000.00).
 
6.8        Protection and Registration of Intellectual Property Rights
 
(a)            (i)          Protect, defend and maintain the validity and enforceability of its Intellectual Property that is material to its business; (ii) promptly advise Bank in writing of material infringements of its Intellectual Property; and (iii) not allow any Intellectual Property material to Borrower’s business to be abandoned, forfeited or dedicated to the public without Bank’s written consent.
 
 
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(b)           If Borrower (i) obtains any Patent, registered Trademark, registered Copyright, registered mask work, or any pending application for any of the foregoing, whether as owner, licensee or otherwise, or (ii) applies for any Patent or the registration of any Trademark, then Borrower shall immediately provide written notice thereof to Bank and shall execute such intellectual property security agreements and other documents and take such other actions as Bank shall request in its good faith business judgment to perfect and maintain a first priority perfected security interest in favor of Bank in such property.  If Borrower decides to register any Copyrights or mask works in the United States Copyright Office, Borrower shall: (x) provide Bank with at least fifteen (15) days prior written notice of Borrower’s intent to register such Copyrights or mask works together with a copy of the application it intends to file with the United States Copyright Office (excluding exhibits thereto); (y) execute an intellectual property security agreement and such other documents and take such other actions as Bank may request in its good faith business judgment to perfect and maintain a first priority perfected security interest in favor of Bank in the Copyrights or mask works intended to be registered with the United States Copyright Office; and (z) record such intellectual property security agreement with the United States Copyright Office contemporaneously with filing the Copyright or mask work application(s) with the United States Copyright Office.  Borrower shall promptly provide to Bank copies of all applications that it files for Patents or for the registration of Trademarks, Copyrights or mask works, together with evidence of the recording of the intellectual property security agreement necessary for Bank to perfect and maintain a first priority perfected security interest in such property.
 
(c)           Provide written notice to Bank within ten (10) days of entering or becoming bound by any Restricted License (other than over-the-counter software that is commercially available to the public).  Borrower shall take such steps as Bank requests to obtain the consent of, or waiver by, any person whose consent or waiver is necessary for (i) any Restricted License to be deemed “Collateral” and for Bank to have a security interest in it that might otherwise be restricted or prohibited by law or by the terms of any such Restricted License, whether now existing or entered into in the future, and (ii) Bank to have the ability in the event of a liquidation of any Collateral to dispose of such Collateral in accordance with Bank’s rights and remedies under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents.
 
6.9         Litigation Cooperation.  From the Effective Date and continuing through the termination of this Agreement, make available to Bank, without expense to Bank, Borrower and its officers, employees and agents and Borrower’s Books, to the extent that Bank may deem them reasonably necessary to prosecute or defend any third-party suit or proceeding instituted by or against Bank with respect to any Collateral or relating to Borrower.
 
6.10      Further Assurances.  Execute any further instruments and take further action as Bank reasonably requests to perfect or continue Bank’s Lien in the Collateral or to effect the purposes of this Agreement.
 
7           NEGATIVE COVENANTS
 
Borrower shall not do any of the following without Bank’s prior written consent.
 
7.1        Dispositions.  Convey, sell, lease, transfer, assign, or otherwise dispose of (collectively a “Transfer”), or permit any of its Subsidiaries to Transfer, all or any part of its business or property, except for Transfers (a) of Inventory in the ordinary course of business; (b) of worn-out or obsolete Equipment; and (c) in connection with Permitted Liens and Permitted Investments.
 
7.2        Changes in Business, Management, Ownership, or Business Locations; Consignment.  (a) Engage in or permit any of its Subsidiaries to engage in any business other than the businesses currently engaged in by Borrower and such Subsidiary, as applicable, or reasonably related thereto; (b) liquidate or dissolve; or (c) (i) have a change in management; or (ii) enter into any transaction or series of related transactions in which the stockholders of Borrower who were not stockholders immediately prior to the first such transaction own more than forty percent (40.0%) of the voting stock of Borrower immediately after giving effect to such transaction or related series of such transactions (other than by the sale of Borrower’s equity securities in a public offering or to venture capital investors so long as Borrower identifies to Bank the venture capital investors prior to the closing of the transaction and provides to Bank a description of the material terms of the transaction).
 
 
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Borrower shall not, without at least thirty (30) days prior written notice to Bank: (1) add any new offices or business locations, including warehouses (unless such new offices or business locations contain less than Five Thousand Dollars ($5,000.00) in Borrower’s assets or property), (2) change its jurisdiction of organization, (3) change its organizational structure or type, (4) change its legal name, (5) change any organizational number (if any) assigned by its jurisdiction of organization, or (6) deliver any portion of the Collateral to a bailee, unless (i) such bailee location contains less than Five Thousand Dollars ($5,000.00) in Borrower’s assets or property and (ii) Bank and such bailee are parties to a bailee agreement governing both the Collateral and the location to which Borrower intends to deliver the Collateral.
 
Borrower shall not, without Bank’s prior written consent, place any portion of the Collateral on terms for consignment, unless the aggregate value of all property placed on terms for consignment at all locations does not exceed One Million Two Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($1,250,000.00).  In addition to and without limiting the foregoing, if the aggregate value of all Collateral placed on terms for consignment for all locations exceeds Two Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($250,000.00), then both (a) Borrower shall take all steps under the Code necessary to perfect Borrower’s security interest in all property placed on terms for consignment and all proceeds of such property, and (b) upon request of  Bank, Borrower shall provide evidence that the appropriate steps set forth in (a) have been taken.
 
Borrower hereby agrees upon Borrower adding any new office or business location, including any warehouse, Borrower will cause its landlord to enter into a landlord consent in favor of Bank prior to such new office or business location containing Five Thousand Dollars ($5,000.00) of Collateral.
 
Borrower hereby agrees that prior to Borrower delivering any Collateral to a bailee or consignee, Borrower shall cause such bailee to execute and deliver a bailee/consignee agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Bank.
 
7.3        Mergers or Acquisitions.  Merge or consolidate, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to merge or consolidate, with any other Person, or acquire, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to acquire, all or substantially all of the capital stock or property of another Person.  A Subsidiary may merge or consolidate into another Subsidiary or into Borrower.
 
7.4        Indebtedness.  Create, incur, assume, or be liable for any Indebtedness, or permit any Subsidiary to do so, other than Permitted Indebtedness.
 
7.5        Encumbrance.  Create, incur, allow, or suffer any Lien on any of its property, or assign or convey any right to receive income, including the sale of any Accounts, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to do so, except for Permitted Liens, or permit any Collateral not to be subject to the first priority security interest granted herein, or enter into any agreement, document, instrument or other arrangement (except with or in favor of Bank) with any Person which directly or indirectly prohibits or has the effect of prohibiting Borrower or any Subsidiary from assigning, mortgaging, pledging, granting a security interest in or upon, or encumbering any of Borrower’s or any Subsidiary’s Intellectual Property, except as is otherwise permitted in Section 7.1 of this Agreement and the definition of “Permitted Liens” herein.
 
7.6        Maintenance of Collateral Accounts.  Maintain any Collateral Account except pursuant to the terms of Section 6.5 of this Agreement.
 
7.7        Distributions; Investments.  (a) Directly or indirectly acquire or own any Person, or make any Investment in any Person, other than Permitted Investments, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to do so; or (b) pay any dividends or make any distribution or payment or redeem, retire or purchase any capital stock.
 
7.8        Transactions with Affiliates.  Directly or indirectly enter into or permit to exist any material transaction with any Affiliate of Borrower, except for transactions that are in the ordinary course of Borrower’s business, upon fair and reasonable terms that are no less favorable to Borrower than would be obtained in an arm’s length transaction with a non-affiliated Person.
 
 
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7.9        Subordinated Debt.  (a) Make or permit any payment on any Subordinated Debt, except under the terms of the subordination, intercreditor, or other similar agreement to which such Subordinated Debt is subject, or (b) amend any provision in any document relating to the Subordinated Debt which would increase the amount owed by Borrower thereof, shorten the maturity thereof, increase the rate of interest applicable thereto or adversely affect the subordination thereof to Obligations owed to Bank.
 
7.10      Compliance.  Become an “investment company” or a company controlled by an “investment company”, under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or undertake as one of its important activities extending credit to purchase or carry margin stock (as defined in Regulation U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System), or use the proceeds of any Credit Extension for that purpose; fail to meet the minimum funding requirements of ERISA, permit a Reportable Event or Prohibited Transaction, each as defined in ERISA, to occur; fail to comply with the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act or violate any other law or regulation, if the violation could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on Borrower’s business, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to do so; withdraw or permit any Subsidiary to withdraw from participation in, permit partial or complete termination of, or permit the occurrence of any other event with respect to, any present pension, profit sharing and deferred compensation plan which could reasonably be expected to result in any liability of Borrower, including any liability to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation or its successors or any other governmental agency.
 
8           EVENTS OF DEFAULT
 
Any one of the following shall constitute an event of default (an “Event of Default”) under this Agreement:
 
8.1        Payment Default.  Borrower fails to pay any of the Obligations when due;
 
8.2        Covenant Default.  Borrower fails or neglects to perform any obligation in Section 2.9 or Section 6 of this Agreement or violates any covenant in Section 7 of this Agreement or fails or neglects to perform, keep, or observe any other term, provision, condition, covenant or agreement contained in this Agreement, any Loan Documents and as to any default under such other term, provision, condition, covenant or agreement that can be cured, has failed to cure the default within ten (10) days after the occurrence thereof; provided, however, grace and cure periods provided under this Section 8.2 shall not apply to financial covenants or any other covenants that are required to be satisfied, completed or tested by a date certain;
 
8.3        Material Adverse Change.  A Material Adverse Change occurs;
 
8.4        Attachment; Levy; Restraint on Business
 
(a)            (i)         The service of process seeking to attach, by trustee or similar process, any funds of Borrower or of any entity under the control of Borrower (including a Subsidiary) on deposit or otherwise maintained with Bank or any Bank Affiliate, or (ii) a notice of lien or levy is filed against any of Borrower’s assets by any government agency, and the same under subclauses (i) and (ii) hereof are not, within ten (10) days after the occurrence thereof, discharged or stayed (whether through the posting of a bond or otherwise); provided, however, no Credit Extensions shall be made during any ten (10) day cure period; or
 
(b)            (i)         any material portion of Borrower’s assets is attached, seized, levied on, or comes into possession of a trustee or receiver, or (ii) any court order enjoins, restrains, or prevents Borrower from conducting any material part of its business;
 
 
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8.5        Insolvency.  (a) Borrower is unable to pay its debts (including trade debts) as they become due or otherwise becomes insolvent; (b) Borrower begins an Insolvency Proceeding; or (c) an Insolvency Proceeding is begun against Borrower and not dismissed or stayed within thirty (30) days (but no Credit Extensions shall be made while of any of the conditions described in clause (a) exist and/or until any Insolvency Proceeding is dismissed);
 
8.6        Other Agreements.  There is, under any agreement to which Borrower or any Guarantor is a party with a third party or parties, (a) any default resulting in a right by such third party or parties, whether or not exercised, to accelerate the maturity of any Indebtedness in an amount individually or in the aggregate in excess of Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000.00); or (b) any default by Borrower or Guarantor, the result of which could result in a Material Adverse Change to Borrower’s or any Guarantor’s business;
 
8.7        Judgments.  One or more final judgments, orders, or decrees for the payment of money in an amount, individually or in the aggregate, of at least Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000.00) (not covered by independent third-party insurance as to which liability has been accepted by such insurance carrier) shall be rendered against Borrower and the same are not, within ten (10) days after the entry thereof, discharged or execution thereof stayed or bonded pending appeal, or such judgments are not discharged prior to the expiration of any such stay (provided that no Credit Extensions will be made prior to the discharge, stay, or bonding of such judgment, order, or decree);
 
8.8        Misrepresentations.  Borrower or any Person acting for Borrower makes any representation, warranty, or other statement now or later  in this Agreement, any Loan Document or in any writing delivered to Bank or to induce Bank to enter this Agreement or any Loan Document, and such representation, warranty, or other statement is incorrect in any material respect when made;
 
8.9        Subordinated Debt.  Any document, instrument, or agreement evidencing any Subordinated Debt shall for any reason be revoked or invalidated or otherwise cease to be in full force and effect, any Person shall be in breach thereof or contest in any manner the validity or enforceability thereof or deny that it has any further liability or obligation thereunder, or the Obligations shall for any reason be subordinated or shall not have the priority contemplated by this Agreement or the applicable subordination agreement;
 
8.10       Guaranty. (a) Any guaranty of any Obligations terminates or ceases for any reason to be in full force and effect; (b) any Guarantor does not perform any obligation or covenant under any guaranty of the Obligations; (c) any circumstance described in Sections 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, or 8.8 of this Agreement occurs with respect to any Guarantor; (d) the death, liquidation, winding up, or termination of existence of any Guarantor; or (e) (i) a material impairment in the perfection or priority of Bank’s Lien in the collateral provided by Guarantor or in the value of such collateral or (ii) a material adverse change in the general affairs, management, results of operation, condition (financial or otherwise) or the prospect of repayment of the Obligations occurs with respect to any Guarantor; or
 
8.11      Governmental Approvals. Any Governmental Approval shall have been (a) revoked, rescinded, suspended, modified in an adverse manner or not renewed in the ordinary course for a full term or (b) subject to any decision by a Governmental Authority that designates a hearing with respect to any applications for renewal of any such Governmental Approval or that could result in the Governmental Authority taking any of the actions described in clause (a) above, and such decision or such revocation, rescission, suspension, modification or non-renewal (i) has, or could reasonably be expected to have, a Material Adverse Change, or (ii) adversely affects the legal qualifications of Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to hold such Governmental Approval in any applicable jurisdiction and such revocation, rescission, suspension, modification or non-renewal could reasonably be expected to affect the status of or legal qualifications of Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to hold any Governmental Approval in any other jurisdiction.
 
9           BANK’S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES
 
9.1        Rights and Remedies.  When an Event of Default occurs and continues beyond any applicable grace period Bank may, without notice or demand, do any or all of the following:
 
(a)            declare all Obligations immediately due and payable (but if an Event of Default described in Section 8.5 of this Agreement occurs, all Obligations are immediately due and payable without any action by Bank);
 
(b)            stop advancing money or extending credit for Borrower’s benefit under this Agreement or under any other agreement between Borrower and Bank;
 
(c)            demand that Borrower (i) deposit cash with Bank in an amount equal to one hundred five percent (105.0%) for Letters of Credit denominated in Dollars and one hundred ten percent (110.0%) for Letters of Credit denominated in a currency other than Dollars, in each case of the Dollar Equivalent of the aggregate face amount of all Letters of Credit remaining undrawn (plus all interest, fees, and costs due or to become due in connection therewith (as estimated by Bank in its good faith business judgment)), to secure all of the Obligations relating to such Letters of Credit, as collateral security for the repayment of any future drawings under such Letters of Credit, and Borrower shall forthwith deposit and pay such amounts, and (ii) pay in advance all letter of credit fees scheduled to be paid or payable over the remaining term of any Letters of Credit;
 
(d)            settle or adjust disputes and claims directly with Account Debtors for amounts, on terms and in any order that Bank considers advisable and notify any Person owing Borrower money of Bank’s security interest in such funds and verify the amount of such account.  Borrower shall collect all payments in trust for Bank and, if requested by Bank, immediately deliver the payments to Bank in the form received from the Account Debtor, with proper endorsements for deposit;
 
 
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(e)            make any payments and do any acts it considers necessary or reasonable to protect its security interest in the Collateral.  Borrower shall assemble the Collateral if Bank requests and make it available as Bank designates.  Bank may enter premises where the Collateral is located, take and maintain possession of any part of the Collateral, and pay, purchase, contest, or compromise any Lien which appears to be prior or superior to its security interest and pay all expenses incurred. Borrower grants Bank a license to enter and occupy any of its premises, without charge, to exercise any of Bank’s rights or remedies;
 
(f)             apply to the Obligations any (i) balances and deposits of Borrower it holds, or (ii) any amount held by Bank owing to or for the credit or the account of Borrower;
 
(g)            ship, reclaim, recover, store, finish, maintain, repair, prepare for sale, advertise for sale, and sell the Collateral.  Bank is hereby granted a non-exclusive, royalty-free license or other right to use, without charge, Borrower’s labels, Patents, Copyrights, mask works, rights of use of any name, trade secrets, trade names, Trademarks, and advertising matter, or any similar property as it pertains to the Collateral, in completing production of, advertising for sale, and selling any Collateral and, in connection with Bank’s exercise of its rights under this Section 9.1, Borrower’s rights under all licenses and all franchise agreements inure to Bank’s benefit;
 
(h)            place a “hold” on any account maintained with Bank and/or deliver a notice of exclusive control, any entitlement order, or other directions or instructions pursuant to any Control Agreement or similar agreements providing control of any Collateral;
 
(i)             demand and receive possession of Borrower’s Books; and
 
(j)             exercise all rights and remedies available to Bank under the Loan Documents or at law or equity, including all remedies provided under the Code (including disposal of the Collateral pursuant to the terms thereof).
 
9.2        Protective Payments.  If Borrower fails to obtain the insurance called for by Section 6.4 of this Agreement or fails to pay any premium thereon or fails to pay any other amount which Borrower is obligated to pay under this Agreement or any other Loan Document, Bank may obtain such insurance or make such payment, and all amounts so paid by Bank are Bank Expenses and immediately due and payable, bearing interest at the then highest rate applicable to the Obligations, and secured by the Collateral.  Bank will make reasonable efforts to provide Borrower with notice of Bank obtaining such insurance at the time it is obtained or within a reasonable time thereafter.  No payments by Bank are deemed an agreement to make similar payments in the future or Bank’s waiver of any Event of Default.
 
9.3        Bank’s Liability for Collateral.  So long as Bank complies with reasonable banking practices regarding the safekeeping of the Collateral in the possession or under the control of Bank, Bank shall not be liable or responsible for: (a) the safekeeping of the Collateral; (b) any loss or damage to the Collateral; (c) any diminution in the value of the Collateral; or (d) any act or default of any carrier, warehouseman, bailee, or other Person.  Borrower bears all risk of loss, damage or destruction of the Collateral.
 
9.4        No Waiver; Remedies Cumulative.  Bank’s failure, at any time or times, to require strict performance by Borrower of any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document shall not waive, affect, or diminish any right of Bank thereafter to demand strict performance and compliance herewith or therewith.  No waiver hereunder shall be effective unless signed by the party granting the waiver and then is only effective for the specific instance and purpose for which it is given.  Bank’s rights and remedies under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents are cumulative.  Bank has all rights and remedies provided under the Code, by law, or in equity.  Bank’s exercise of one right or remedy is not an election and shall not preclude Bank from exercising any other remedy under this Agreement or other remedy available at law or in equity, and Bank’s waiver of any Event of Default is not a continuing waiver.  Bank’s delay in exercising any remedy is not a waiver, election, or acquiescence.
 
9.5        Demand Waiver.  Borrower waives demand, notice of default or dishonor, notice of payment and nonpayment, notice of any default, nonpayment at maturity, release, compromise, settlement, extension, or renewal of accounts, documents, instruments, chattel paper, and guarantees held by Bank on which Borrower is liable.
 
 
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10         NOTICES
 
All notices, consents, requests, approvals, demands, or other communication by any party to this Agreement or any other Loan Document must be in writing and shall be deemed to have been validly served, given, or delivered: (a) upon the earlier of actual receipt and three (3) Business Days after deposit in the U.S. mail, first class, registered or certified mail return receipt requested, with proper postage prepaid; (b) upon transmission, when sent by electronic mail or facsimile transmission; (c) one (1) Business Day after deposit with a reputable overnight courier with all charges prepaid; or (d) when delivered, if hand-delivered by messenger, all of which shall be addressed to the party to be notified and sent to the address, facsimile number, or email address indicated below.  Bank or Borrower may change its mailing or electronic mail address or facsimile number by giving the other party written notice thereof in accordance with the terms of this Section 10.
 
  If to Borrower: Zoom Telephonics, Inc.
   
207 South Street
    Boston, Massachusetts 02111
    Attn: Frank Manning
    Fax: (617) 423-3923
    Email: ***@***
       
  with a copy to: Morse, Barnes-Brown & Pendleton, P.C.
    Reservoir Place
    1601 Trapelo Road, Suite 205
    Waltham, Massachusetts 02451
    Attn: Daniele Ouellette Levy, Esquire
    Fax: (781) 622-5933
    Email: ***@***
       
  If to Bank: Silicon Valley Bank
    275 Grove Street, Suite 2-200
    Newton, Massachusetts 02466
    Attn: Ms. Kate Leland
    Fax: (617) 527-0177
    Email: ***@***
       
  with a copy to: Riemer & Braunstein LLP
    Three Center Plaza
    Boston, Massachusetts 02108
    Attn: David A. Ephraim, Esquire
    Fax: (617) 880-3456
    Email: ***@***
 
 
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11         CHOICE OF LAW, VENUE AND JURY TRIAL WAIVER
 
Massachusetts law governs the Loan Documents without regard to principles of conflicts of law.  Borrower and Bank each submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the State and Federal courts in Massachusetts; provided, however, that nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to operate to preclude Bank from bringing suit or taking other legal action in any other jurisdiction to realize on the Collateral or any other security for the Obligations, or to enforce a judgment or other court order in favor of Bank.  Borrower expressly submits and consents in advance to such jurisdiction in any action or suit commenced in any such court, and Borrower hereby waives any objection that it may have based upon lack of personal jurisdiction, improper venue, or forum non conveniens and hereby consents to the granting of such legal or equitable relief as is deemed appropriate by such court.  Borrower hereby waives personal service of the summons, complaints, and other process issued in such action or suit and agrees that service of such summons, complaints, and other process may be made by registered or certified mail addressed to Borrower at the address set forth in, or subsequently provided to Borrower in accordance with, Section 10 of this Agreement and that service so made shall be deemed completed upon the earlier to occur of Borrower’s actual receipt thereof or three (3) days after deposit in the U.S. mails, proper postage prepaid.
 
BORROWER AND BANK EACH WAIVE THEIR RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL OF ANY CLAIM OR CAUSE OF ACTION ARISING OUT OF OR BASED UPON THIS AGREEMENT, THE LOAN DOCUMENTS OR ANY CONTEMPLATED TRANSACTION, INCLUDING CONTRACT, TORT, BREACH OF DUTY AND ALL OTHER CLAIMS. THIS WAIVER IS A MATERIAL INDUCEMENT FOR BOTH PARTIES TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT.  EACH PARTY HAS REVIEWED THIS WAIVER WITH ITS COUNSEL.
 
12         GENERAL PROVISIONS
 
12.1      Successors and Assigns.  This Agreement binds and is for the benefit of the successors and permitted assigns of each party.  Borrower may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations under it without Bank’s prior written consent (which may be granted or withheld in Bank’s discretion).  Bank has the right, without the consent of or notice to Borrower, to sell, transfer, assign, negotiate, or grant participation in all or any part of, or any interest in, Bank’s obligations, rights, and benefits under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents.
 
12.2      Indemnification.  Borrower agrees to indemnify, defend and hold Bank and its directors, officers, employees, agents, attorneys, or any other Person affiliated with or representing Bank (each, an “Indemnified Person”) harmless against:  (a) all obligations, demands, claims, and liabilities (collectively, “Claims”) claimed or asserted by any other party in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents; and (b) all losses or expenses (including Bank Expenses) in any way suffered, incurred, or paid by such Indemnified Person as a result of, following from, consequential to, or arising from transactions between Bank and Borrower (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses), except for Claims and/or losses directly caused by such Indemnified Person’s gross negligence or willful misconduct.
 
12.3      Right of Set-Off.  Borrower hereby grants to Bank, a lien, security interest and right of setoff as security for all Obligations to Bank, whether now existing or hereafter arising upon and against all deposits, credits, collateral and property, now or hereafter in the possession, custody, safekeeping or control of Bank or any entity under the control of Bank (including a Bank subsidiary) or in transit to any of them.  At any time after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, without demand or notice, Bank may set off the same or any part thereof and apply the same to any liability or obligation of Borrower even though unmatured and regardless of the adequacy of any other collateral securing the Obligations.  ANY AND ALL RIGHTS TO REQUIRE BANK TO EXERCISE ITS RIGHTS OR REMEDIES WITH RESPECT TO ANY OTHER COLLATERAL WHICH SECURES THE OBLIGATIONS, PRIOR TO EXERCISING ITS RIGHT OF SETOFF WITH RESPECT TO SUCH DEPOSITS, CREDITS OR OTHER PROPERTY OF BORROWER, ARE HEREBY KNOWINGLY, VOLUNTARILY AND IRREVOCABLY WAIVED.
 
 
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12.4      Time of Essence.  Time is of the essence for the performance of all Obligations in this Agreement.
 
12.5      Correction of Loan Documents.  Bank may correct patent errors and fill in any blanks in the Loan Documents consistent with the agreement of the parties.
 
12.6      Severability of Provisions.  Each provision of this Agreement is severable from every other provision in determining the enforceability of any provision.
 
12.7     Amendments in Writing; Waiver; Integration.  No purported amendment or modification of any Loan Document, or waiver, discharge or termination of any obligation under any Loan Document, shall be enforceable or admissible unless, and only to the extent, expressly set forth in a writing signed by the party against which enforcement or admission is sought.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, no oral promise or statement, nor any action, inaction, delay, failure to require performance or course of conduct shall operate as, or evidence, an amendment, supplement or waiver or have any other effect on any Loan Document.  Any waiver granted shall be limited to the specific circumstance expressly described in it, and shall not apply to any subsequent or other circumstance, whether similar or dissimilar, or give rise to, or evidence, any obligation or commitment to grant any further waiver.  The Loan Documents represent the entire agreement about this subject matter and supersede prior negotiations or agreements.  All prior agreements, understandings, representations, warranties, and negotiations between the parties about the subject matter of the Loan Documents merge into the Loan Documents.
 
12.8      Counterparts.  This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and by different parties on separate counterparts, each of which, when executed and delivered, is an original, and all taken together, constitute one Agreement.

12.9      Survival.  All covenants, representations and warranties made in this Agreement continue in full force until this Agreement has terminated pursuant to its terms and all Obligations (other than inchoate indemnity obligations and any other obligations which, by their terms, are to survive the termination of this Agreement) have been paid in full and satisfied.  Without limiting the foregoing, except as otherwise provided in Section 4.1, the grant of a security interest by Borrower in Section 4.1 shall survive until the termination of this Agreement and all Bank Services Agreements.  The obligation of Borrower in Section 12.2 of this Agreement to indemnify Bank shall survive until the statute of limitations with respect to such claim or cause of action shall have run.
 
12.10    Confidentiality.  In handling any confidential information, Bank shall exercise the same degree of care that it exercises for its own proprietary information, but disclosure of information may be made: (a) to Bank’s Subsidiaries or Affiliates (such Subsidiaries and Affiliates, together with Bank, each a “Bank Entity” and collectively, the “Bank Entities”); (b) to prospective transferees or purchasers of any interest in the Credit Extensions (provided, however, Bank shall use its best efforts to obtain any prospective transferee’s or purchaser’s agreement to the terms of this Section 12.10); (c) as required by law, regulation, subpoena, or other order; (d) to Bank’s regulators or as otherwise required in connection with Bank’s examination or audit; (e) as Bank considers appropriate in exercising remedies under the Loan Documents; and (f) to third-party service providers of Bank so long as such service providers have executed a confidentiality agreement with Bank with terms no less restrictive than those contained herein.  Confidential information does not include information that is: (i) either in the public domain other than as a result of Bank’s breach of this Section 12.10 or is in Bank’s possession when disclosed to Bank; or (ii) disclosed to Bank by a third party on a nonconfidential basis if Bank does not know that the third party is prohibited from disclosing the information.

Bank Entities may use the confidential information for reporting purposes and the development and distribution of databases and market analyses so long as such confidential information is aggregated and anonymized prior to distribution unless otherwise expressly prohibited by Borrower.  The provisions of the immediately preceding sentence shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

12.11    Electronic Execution of Documents.  The words “execution,” “signed,” “signature” and words of like import in any Loan Document shall be deemed to include electronic signatures or the keeping of records in electronic form, each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity and enforceability as a manually executed signature or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping systems, as the case may be, to the extent and as provided for in any applicable law, including, without limitation, any state law based on the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act.
 
 
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12.12   Captions.  The headings used in this Agreement are for convenience only and shall not affect the interpretation of this Agreement.
 
12.13   Construction of Agreement.  The parties mutually acknowledge that they and their attorneys have participated in the preparation and negotiation of this Agreement.  In cases of uncertainty this Agreement shall be construed without regard to which of the parties caused the uncertainty to exist.
 
12.14   Relationship.  The relationship of the parties to this Agreement is determined solely by the provisions of this Agreement.  The parties do not intend to create any agency, partnership, joint venture, trust, fiduciary or other relationship with duties or incidents different from those of parties to an arm’s-length contract.
 
12.15   Third Parties.  Nothing in this Agreement, whether express or implied, is intended to: (a) confer any benefits, rights or remedies under or by reason of this Agreement on any persons other than the express parties to it and their respective permitted successors and assigns; (b) relieve or discharge the obligation or liability of any person not an express party to this Agreement; or (c) give any person not an express party to this Agreement any right of subrogation or action against any party to this Agreement.
 
13         DEFINITIONS
 
13.1      Definitions.  As used in the Loan Documents, the word “shall” is mandatory, the word “may” is permissive, the word “or” is not exclusive, the words “includes” and “including” are not limiting, the singular includes the plural, and numbers denoting amounts that are set off in brackets are negative.  As used in this Agreement, the following capitalized terms have the following meanings:
 
“Account” is any “account” as defined in the Code with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made, and includes, without limitation, all accounts receivable and other sums owing to Borrower.
 
“Account Balance” is, on any date, the aggregate outstanding amount of all Advances made based upon Aggregate Eligible Accounts.
 
“Account Debtor” is as defined in the Code and shall include, without limitation, any person liable on any Financed Receivable, such as, a guarantor of the Financed Receivable and any issuer of a letter of credit or banker’s acceptance.
 
“Adjusted Quick Ratio” is the ratio of (a) Quick Assets to (b) Current Liabilities minus the current portion of Deferred Revenue.
 
“Adjustments” are all discounts allowances, returns, recoveries, disputes, claims of any kind (including, without limitation, counterclaims or warranty claims), offsets, defenses, rights of recoupment, rights of return, or short payments, asserted by or on behalf of any Account Debtor for any Financed Receivable.
 
“Advance” is defined in Section 2.1.1 of this Agreement.
 
“Advance Rate” is eighty percent (80.0%), net of any offsets related to each specific Account Debtor, including, without limitation, Deferred Revenue, or such other percentage as Bank establishes under Section 2.1.1 of this Agreement.
 
“Advance Request and Invoice Transmittal” shows specific Eligible Accounts and/or Aggregate Eligible Accounts, which Bank may finance, and (a) with respect to requests for Advances based upon specific Eligible Accounts, includes the Account Debtor’s name, address, invoice amount, invoice date and invoice number, and (b) with respect to requests for Advances based upon Aggregate Eligible Accounts, includes (i) the Account Debtor’s name, address, invoice amount, invoice date and invoice number, (ii) the current outstanding amount of Advances made based upon Aggregate Eligible Accounts and (iii) the Availability Amount.
 
 
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“Affiliate” of any Person is a Person that owns or controls directly or indirectly the Person, any Person that controls or is controlled by or is under common control with the Person, and each of that Person’s senior executive officers, directors, partners, and, for any Person that is a limited liability company, that Person’s managers and members.
 
“Aggregate Eligible Accounts” is defined in Section 2.1.1.
 
“Agreement” is defined in the preamble of this Agreement.
 
“Applicable Rate” is (a) with respect to Financed Receivables based upon specific Eligible Accounts, a floating per annum rate equal to the Prime Rate plus two and one-half of one percent (2.50%), and (b) with respect to Financed Receivables based upon Aggregate Eligible Accounts, a floating per annum rate equal to the Prime Rate plus five percent (5.0%).
 
“Availability Amount” is the lesser of (a) One Million Dollars ($1,000,000.00), and (b) the Borrowing Base.
 
“Bank” is defined in the preamble of this Agreement.
 
“Bank Entities” is defined in Section 12.10.
 
“Bank Expenses” are all audit fees and expenses, costs, and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) for preparing, amending, negotiating, administering, defending and enforcing the Loan Documents (including, without limitation, those incurred in connection with appeals or Insolvency Proceedings) or otherwise incurred with respect to Borrower or any Guarantor.
 
“Bank Services” are any products, credit services, and/or financial accommodations previously, now, or hereafter provided to Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries by Bank or any Bank Affiliate, including, without limitation, any letters of credit, cash management services (including, without limitation, merchant services, direct deposit of payroll, business credit cards, and check cashing services), interest rate swap arrangements, and foreign exchange services as any such products or services may be identified in Bank’s various agreements related thereto (each, a “Bank Services Agreement”).
 
“Bank Services Agreement” is defined in the definition of Bank Services.
 
 “Borrower” is defined in the preamble of this Agreement.
 
“Borrower’s Books” are all Borrower’s books and records including ledgers, federal and state tax returns, records regarding Borrower’s assets or liabilities, the Collateral, business operations or financial condition, and all computer programs or storage or any equipment containing such information.
 
“Borrowing Base” is eighty percent (80.0%) (or such other percentage as Bank establishes under Section 2.1.1) multiplied by Borrower’s Aggregate Eligible Accounts (net of any offsets related to each specific Account Debtor, including, without limitation, Deferred Revenue).
 
“Borrowing Base Certificate” is that certain certificate in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D.
 
 
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“Borrowing Resolutions” are, with respect to any Person, those resolutions adopted by such Person’s board of directors (and, if required under the terms of such Person’s Operating Documents, stockholders) and delivered by such Person to Bank approving the Loan Documents to which such Person is a party and the transactions contemplated thereby, together with a certificate executed by its secretary on behalf of such Person certifying that (a) such Person has the authority to execute, deliver, and perform its obligations under each of the Loan Documents to which it is a party, (b) that attached as Exhibit A to such certificate is a true, correct, and complete copy of the resolutions then in full force and effect authorizing and ratifying the execution, delivery, and performance by such Person of the Loan Documents to which it is a party, (c) the name(s) of the Person(s) authorized to execute the Loan Documents on behalf of such Person, together with a sample of the true signature(s) of such Person(s), and (d) that Bank may conclusively rely on such certificate unless and until such Person shall have delivered to Bank a further certificate canceling or amending such prior certificate.
 
“Business Day” is any day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or a day on which Bank is closed.
 
“Cash Equivalents” means (a) marketable direct obligations issued or unconditionally guaranteed by the United States or any agency or any State thereof having maturities of not more than one (1) year from the date of acquisition; (b) commercial paper maturing no more than one (1) year after its creation and having the highest rating from either Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group or Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.; and (c) Bank’s certificates of deposit issued maturing no more than one (1) year after issue.
 
“Claims” is defined in Section 12.2 of this Agreement.
 
“Code” is the Uniform Commercial Code, as the same may, from time to time, be enacted and in effect in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; provided, that, to the extent that the Code is used to define any term herein or in any Loan Document and such term is defined differently in different Articles or Divisions of the Code, the definition of such term contained in Article or Division 9 shall govern; provided further, that in the event that, by reason of mandatory provisions of law, any or all of the attachment, perfection, or priority of, or remedies with respect to, Bank’s Lien on any Collateral is governed by the Uniform Commercial Code in effect in a jurisdiction other than the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the term “Code” shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as enacted and in effect in such other jurisdiction solely for purposes of the provisions thereof relating to such attachment, perfection, priority, or remedies and for purposes of definitions relating to such provisions.
 
“Collateral” is any and all properties, rights and assets of Borrower described on Exhibit A.
 
“Collateral Account” is any Deposit Account, Securities Account, or Commodity Account.
 
“Collateral Handling Fee” is defined in Section 2.6 of this Agreement.
 
“Collections” are (a) all funds received by Bank from or on behalf of an Account Debtor for Financed Receivables, and (b) the monthly refinancing by Bank, to be completed at Bank’s discretion pursuant to Section 2.11.1(b)(iii) of this Agreement, of all outstanding Advances which are based upon Aggregate Eligible Accounts.
 
“Commodity Account” is any “commodity account” as defined in the Code with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made.
 
“Compliance Certificate” is attached as Exhibit B.
 
 
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“Contingent Obligation” is, for any Person, any direct or indirect liability, contingent or not, of that Person for (a) any indebtedness, lease, dividend, letter of credit or other obligation of another such as an obligation directly or indirectly guaranteed, endorsed, co-made, discounted or sold with recourse by that Person, or for which that Person is directly or indirectly liable; (b) any obligations for undrawn letters of credit for the account of that Person; and (c) all obligations from any interest rate, currency or commodity swap agreement, interest rate cap or collar agreement, or other agreement or arrangement designated to protect a Person against fluctuation in interest rates, currency exchange rates or commodity prices; but “Contingent Obligation” does not include endorsements in the ordinary course of business.  The amount of a Contingent Obligation is the stated or determined amount of the primary obligation for which the Contingent Obligation is made or, if not determinable, the maximum reasonably anticipated liability for it determined by the Person in good faith; but the amount may not exceed the maximum of the obligations under any guarantee or other support arrangement.
 
“Control Agreement” is any control agreement entered into among the depository institution at which Borrower maintains a Deposit Account or the securities intermediary or commodity intermediary at which Borrower maintains a Securities Account or a Commodity Account, Borrower, and Bank pursuant to which Bank obtains control (within the meaning of the Code) over such Collateral Account.
 
“Copyrights” are any and all copyright rights, copyright applications, copyright registrations and like protections in each work of authorship and derivative work thereof, whether published or unpublished and whether or not the same also constitutes a trade secret.
 
“Credit Extension” is any Advance or any other extension of credit by Bank for Borrower’s benefit.
 
“Current Liabilities” are all obligations and liabilities of Borrower to Bank, plus, without duplication, the aggregate amount of Borrower’s Total Liabilities that mature within one (1) year.
 
“Deferred Revenue” is all amounts received or invoiced, as appropriate, in advance of performance under contracts and not yet recognized as revenue.
 
“Deposit Account” is any “deposit account” as defined in the Code with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made.
 
“Dollar Equivalent” is, at any time, (a) with respect to any amount denominated in Dollars, such amount, and (b) with respect to any amount denominated in a Foreign Currency, the equivalent amount therefor in Dollars as determined by Bank at such time on the basis of the then-prevailing rate of exchange in San Francisco, California, for sales of the Foreign Currency for transfer to the country issuing such Foreign Currency.
 
“Dollars,” “dollars” or use of the sign “$” means only lawful money of the United States and not any other currency, regardless of whether that currency uses the “$” sign to denote its currency or may be readily converted into lawful money of the United States.
 
“Early Termination Fee” is defined in Section 2.1.1(f) of this Agreement.
 
“Effective Date” is defined in the preamble hereof.
 
“Eligible Accounts” are billed Accounts in the ordinary course of Borrower’s business that meet all Borrower’s representations and warranties in Section 5.3 of this Agreement, have been, at the option of Bank, confirmed in accordance with Section 2.1.1(d) of this Agreement, and are due and owing from Account Debtors deemed creditworthy by Bank in its sole discretion.  Without limiting the fact that the determination of which Accounts are eligible hereunder is a matter of Bank discretion in each instance, Eligible Accounts shall not include the following Accounts (which listing may be amended or changed in Bank’s discretion with notice to Borrower):
 
(a)           Accounts for which the Account Debtor is Borrower’s Affiliate, officer, employee, or agent;
 
(b)           Accounts that the Account Debtor has not paid within ninety (90) days of invoice date regardless of invoice payment period terms;
 
 
25
 
 
(c)           Accounts owing from an Account Debtor which does not have its principal place of business in the United States or Canada (unless otherwise approved by Bank in writing on a case-by-case basis in its sole discretion);
 
(d)           Accounts billed and/or payable outside of the United States (unless otherwise approved by Bank in writing on a case-by-case basis in its sole discretion);
 
(e)           Accounts owing from an Account Debtor to the extent that Borrower is indebted or obligated in any manner to the Account Debtor (as creditor, lessor, supplier or otherwise - sometimes called “contra” accounts, accounts payable, customer deposits or credit accounts), with the exception of customary credits, adjustments and/or discounts given to an Account Debtor by Borrower in the ordinary course of its business;
 
(f)           Accounts owing from an Account Debtor which is a United States government entity or any department, agency, or instrumentality thereof unless Borrower has assigned its payment rights to Bank and the assignment has been acknowledged under the Federal Assignment of Claims Act of 1940, as amended;
 
(g)           Accounts for demonstration or promotional equipment, or in which goods are consigned, or sold on a “sale guaranteed”, “sale or return”, “sale on approval”, or other terms if Account Debtor’s payment may be conditional;
 
(h)           Accounts owing from an Account Debtor where goods or services have not yet been rendered to the Account Debtor (sometimes called memo billings or pre-billings);
 
(i)            Accounts subject to contractual arrangements between Borrower and an Account Debtor where payments shall be scheduled or due according to completion or fulfillment requirements where the Account Debtor has a right of offset for damages suffered as a result of Borrower’s failure to perform in accordance with the contract (sometimes called contracts accounts receivable, progress billings, milestone billings, or fulfillment contracts);
 
(j)            Accounts owing from an Account Debtor the amount of which may be subject to withholding based on the Account Debtor’s satisfaction of Borrower’s complete performance (but only to the extent of the amount withheld; sometimes called retainage billings);
 
(k)           Accounts subject to trust provisions, subrogation rights of a bonding company, or a statutory trust;
 
(l)            Accounts owing from an Account Debtor that has been invoiced for goods that have not been shipped to the Account Debtor unless Bank, Borrower, and the Account Debtor have entered into an agreement acceptable to Bank in its sole discretion wherein the Account Debtor acknowledges that (i) it has title to and has ownership of the goods wherever located, (ii) a bona fide sale of the goods has occurred, and (iii) it owes payment for such goods in accordance with invoices from Borrower (sometimes called “bill and hold” accounts);
 
(m)          Accounts for which the Account Debtor has not been invoiced;
 
(n)           Accounts that represent non-trade receivables or that are derived by means other than in the ordinary course of Borrower’s business;
 
 
26
 
 
(o)           Accounts subject to chargebacks or other payment deductions taken by an Account Debtor;
 
(p)           Accounts arising from product returns and/or exchanges (sometimes called “warranty” or “RMA” accounts);
 
(q)           Accounts in which the Account Debtor disputes liability or makes any claim (but only up to the disputed or claimed amount), or if the Account Debtor is subject to an Insolvency Proceeding, or becomes insolvent, or goes out of business;
 
(r)           Accounts owing from an Account Debtor with respect to which Borrower has received Deferred Revenue (but only to the extent of such Deferred Revenue);
 
(s)           Accounts for which Bank in its good faith business judgment determines collection to be doubtful, including, without limitation, accounts represented by “refreshed” or “recycled” invoices; and
 
(t)           Accounts owing from an Account Debtor, fifty percent (50.0%) or more of whose Accounts have not been paid within ninety (90) days of invoice date.
 
“Equipment” is all “equipment” as defined in the Code with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made, and includes without limitation all machinery, fixtures, goods, vehicles (including motor vehicles and trailers), and any interest in any of the foregoing.
 
“ERISA” is the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, and its regulations.
 
“Events of Default” are set forth in Section 8 of this Agreement.
 
“Exchange Act” is the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
 
“Facility Amount” is One Million Two Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($1,250,000.00).
 
“Facility Fee” is defined in Section 2.4 of this Agreement.
 
“Finance Charges” is defined in Section 2.5 of this Agreement.
 
“Financed Receivables” are all those specific Eligible Accounts and Aggregate Eligible Accounts, including their proceeds which Bank finances and makes an Advance, as set forth in Section 2.1.1 of this Agreement.  A Financed Receivable stops being a Financed Receivable (but remains Collateral) when the Advance made for the Financed Receivable has been fully paid.
 
 
27
 
 
“Financed Receivable Balance” is the total outstanding gross face amount, at any time, of any Financed Receivable.
 
“Foreign Currency” means lawful money of a country other than the United States.
 
“GAAP” is generally accepted accounting principles set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other Person as may be approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession, which are applicable to the circumstances as of the date of determination.
 
“Governmental Approval” is any consent, authorization, approval, order, license, franchise, permit, certificate, accreditation, registration, filing or notice, of, issued by, from or to, or other act by or in respect of, any Governmental Authority.
 
“Governmental Authority” is any nation or government, any state or other political subdivision thereof, any agency, authority, instrumentality, regulatory body, court, central bank or other entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative functions of or pertaining to government, any securities exchange and any self-regulatory organization.
 
“Guarantor” is any present or future guarantor of the Obligations.
 
“Indebtedness” is (a) indebtedness for borrowed money or the deferred price of property or services, such as reimbursement and other obligations for surety bonds and letters of credit, (b) obligations evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures or similar instruments, (c) capital lease obligations and (d) Contingent Obligations.
 
“Indemnified Person” is defined in Section 12.2 of this Agreement.
 
“Insolvency Proceeding” is any proceeding by or against any Person under the United States Bankruptcy Code, or any other bankruptcy or insolvency law, including assignments for the benefit of creditors, compositions, extensions generally with its creditors, or proceedings seeking reorganization, arrangement, or other relief.
 
“Intellectual Property” means all of Borrower’s right, title, and interest in and to the following:

(a)            its Copyrights, Trademarks and Patents;
 
(b)            any and all trade secrets and trade secret rights, including, without limitation, any rights to unpatented inventions, know-how, operating manuals;
 
(c)            any and all source code;
 
(d)            any and all design rights which may be available to Borrower;
 
(e)            any and all claims for damages by way of past, present and future infringement of any of the foregoing, with the right, but not the obligation, to sue for and collect such damages for said use or infringement of the Intellectual Property rights identified above; and
 
(f)            all amendments, renewals and extensions of any of the Copyrights, Trademarks or Patents.
 
 
28
 
 
“Inventory” is all “inventory” as defined in the Code in effect on the Effective Date with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made, and includes without limitation all merchandise, raw materials, parts, supplies, packing and shipping materials, work in process and finished products, including without limitation such inventory as is temporarily out of Borrower’s custody or possession or in transit and including any returned goods and any documents of title representing any of the above.
 
“Investment” is any beneficial ownership of (including stock, partnership interest or other securities) any Person, or any loan, advance or capital contribution to any Person.
 
“IP Agreement” is that certain Intellectual Property Security Agreement of even date herewith executed and delivered by Borrower to Bank, as amended, modified or restated from time to time.
 
“Letter of Credit” means a standby letter of credit issued by Bank or another institution based upon an application, guarantee, indemnity or similar agreement on the part of Bank.
 
“Lien” is a claim, mortgage, deed of trust, levy, charge, pledge, security interest or other encumbrance of any kind, whether voluntarily incurred or arising by operation of law or otherwise against any property.
 
“Loan Documents” are, collectively, this Agreement, the Perfection Certificate, the IP Agreement, the SVB Control Agreement and any other Control Agreement, any Bank Services Agreement, the Borrowing Resolutions, any subordination agreements, any note, or notes or guaranties executed by Borrower and/or any Guarantor, and any other present or future agreement between Borrower and/or any Guarantor and/or for the benefit of Bank, all as amended, restated, or otherwise modified.
 
“Lockbox” is defined in Section 2.9 of this Agreement.
 
“Material Adverse Change” is: (a) a material impairment in the perfection or priority of Bank’s Lien in the Collateral or in the value of such Collateral; (b) a material adverse change in the business, operations, or condition (financial or otherwise) of Borrower; (c) a material impairment of the prospect of repayment of any portion of the Obligations; or (d) Bank determines, based upon information available to it and in its reasonable judgment, that there is a reasonable likelihood that Borrower shall fail to comply with one or more of the financial covenants in Section 6 of this Agreement during the next succeeding financial reporting period.
 
“Maturity Date” is 364 days from the Effective Date.
 
“Minimum Finance Charge” is Two Thousand Dollars ($2,000.00).
 
“Obligations” are Borrower’s obligations to pay when due any debts, principal, interest, the Early Termination Fee, Bank Expenses and other amounts Borrower owes Bank now or later, whether under this Agreement, the Loan Documents, or otherwise, including, without limitation, any interest accruing after Insolvency Proceedings begin and debts, liabilities, or obligations of Borrower assigned to Bank, and to perform Borrower’s duties under the Loan Documents.
 
 “Operating Documents” are, for any Person, such Person’s formation documents, as certified with the Secretary of State of such Person’s state of formation on a date that is no earlier than thirty (30) days prior to the Effective Date, and, (a) if such Person is a corporation, its bylaws in current form, (b) if such Person is a limited liability company, its limited liability company agreement (or similar agreement), and (c) if such Person is a partnership, its partnership agreement (or similar agreement), each of the foregoing with all current amendments or modifications thereto.
 
“Patents” means all patents, patent applications and like protections including without limitation improvements, divisions, continuations, renewals, reissues, extensions and continuations-in-part of the same.
 
 
29
 
 
“Perfection Certificate” is defined in Section 5.1 of this Agreement.
 
“Permitted Indebtedness” is:
 
(a)           Borrower’s Indebtedness to Bank under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents;
 
(b)           Indebtedness existing on the Effective Date which is shown on the Perfection Certificate;
 
(c)           Subordinated Debt;
 
(d)          unsecured Indebtedness to trade creditors incurred in the ordinary course of business; and
 
(e)           extensions, refinancings, modifications, amendments and restatements of any items of Permitted Indebtedness (a) through (d) above, provided that the principal amount thereof is not increased or the terms thereof are not modified to impose more burdensome terms upon Borrower or its Subsidiary, as the case may be.
 
 “Permitted Investments” are:
 
(a)           Investments (including, without limitation, Subsidiaries) existing on the Effective Date which are shown on the Perfection Certificate (but specifically excluding any future Investments in any Subsidiaries unless otherwise permitted hereunder); and
 
(b)           Investments consisting of Cash Equivalents.
 
 “Permitted Liens” are:
 
(a)           Liens existing on the Effective Date which are shown on the Perfection Certificate or arising under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents;
 
(b)           Liens for taxes, fees, assessments or other government charges or levies, either (i) not due and payable or (ii) being contested in good faith and for which Borrower maintains adequate reserves on Borrower’s Books, provided that no notice of any such Lien has been filed or recorded under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Treasury Regulations adopted thereunder;
 
(c)           purchase money Liens (i) on Equipment acquired or held by Borrower incurred for financing the acquisition of the Equipment securing no more than One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000.00) in the aggregate amount outstanding, or (ii) existing on Equipment when acquired, if the Lien is confined to the property and improvements and the proceeds of the Equipment; and
 
(d)           Liens incurred in the extension, renewal or refinancing of the indebtedness secured by Liens described in (a) through (c), but any extension, renewal or replacement Lien must be limited to the property encumbered by the existing Lien and the principal amount of the indebtedness may not increase.
 
 
30
 
 
“Permitted UK Accounts” is defined in Section 6.5(a) of this Agreement.
 
“Person” is any individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, company, trust, unincorporated organization, association, corporation, institution, public benefit corporation, firm, joint stock company, estate, entity or government agency.
 
“Prime Rate” is the greater of (a) four percent (4.0%) and (b) Bank’s most recently announced “prime rate,” even if it is not Bank’s lowest rate.
 
“Quick Assets” is, on any date, Borrower’s cash and marketable securities, in each case to the extent unrestricted and unencumbered, and net billed accounts receivable as set forth on Borrower’s most recent balance sheet delivered to Bank pursuant to Section 6.2(a)(i) of this Agreement, determined according to GAAP.
 
“Reconciliation Period” is each calendar month.
 
“Registered Organization” is any “registered organization” as defined in the Code with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made.
 
“Requirement of Law” is as to any Person, the organizational or governing documents of such Person, and any law (statutory or common), treaty, rule or regulation or determination of an arbitrator or a court or other Governmental Authority, in each case applicable to or binding upon such Person or any of its property or to which such Person or any of its property is subject.
 
“Responsible Officer” is any of the Chief Executive Officer, President, Chief Financial Officer and Controller of Borrower.
 
“Restricted License” is any material license or other agreement with respect to which Borrower is the licensee (a) that prohibits or otherwise restricts Borrower from granting a security interest in Borrower’s interest in such license or agreement or any other property, or (b) for which a default under or termination of could interfere with Bank’s right to sell any Collateral.

“SEC” shall mean the Securities and Exchange Commission, any successor thereto, and any analogous Governmental Authority.
 
“Securities Account” is any “securities account” as defined in the Code with such additions to such term as may hereafter be made.
 
“Streamline Facility Eligible” means, as of any day during any Subject Month, Borrower has provided evidence to Bank that Borrower (a) had an Adjusted Quick Ratio of at least 1.40 to 1.0 as of the last day of the applicable Testing Month, and (b) has an Adjusted Quick Ratio of at least 1.40 to 1.0 on such day.
 
“Subject Month” is the month which is two (2) calendar months after any Testing Month.
 
“Subordinated Debt” is indebtedness incurred by Borrower subordinated to all of Borrower’s now or hereafter indebtedness to Bank (pursuant to a subordination, intercreditor, or other similar agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Bank entered into between Bank and the other creditor), on terms acceptable to Bank.
 
 
31
 
 
“Subsidiary” is, as to any Person, a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity of which shares of stock or other ownership interests having ordinary voting power (other than stock or such other ownership interests having such power only by reason of the happening of a contingency) to elect a majority of the board of directors or other managers of such corporation, partnership or other entity are at the time owned, or the management of which is otherwise controlled, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, or both, by such Person.  Unless the context otherwise requires, each reference to a Subsidiary herein shall be a reference to a Subsidiary of Borrower.
 
“SVB Control Agreement” is that certain Securities Account Control Agreement by and among SVB Securities, Penson Financial Services, Inc., Borrower and Bank.
 
 “Tangible Net Worth” is, on any date, the total assets of Borrower minus (a) any amounts attributable to (i) goodwill, (ii) intangible items including unamortized debt discount and expense, Patents, Trademarks, Copyrights, and research and development expenses except prepaid expenses, (iii) notes, accounts receivable and other obligations owing to Borrower from its officers or other Affiliates, and (iv) reserves not already deducted from assets, minus (b) Total Liabilities, plus (c) Subordinated Debt.
 
“Testing Month” is any month with respect to which Bank has tested Borrower’s Adjusted Quick Ratio to determine whether Borrower is Streamline Facility Eligible.

“Total Liabilities” is on any day, obligations that should, under GAAP, be classified as liabilities on Borrower’s consolidated balance sheet, including all Indebtedness.
 
“Trademarks” means any trademark and servicemark rights, whether registered or not, applications to register and registrations of the same and like protections, and the entire goodwill of the business of Borrower connected with and symbolized by such trademarks.
 
“Transfer” is defined in Section 7.1 of this Agreement.
 
[Signature page follows.]
 
 
32
 
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed as a sealed instrument under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts as of the Effective Date.
 
BORROWER  
     
ZOOM TELEPHONICS, INC.  
     
By: /s/ Frank Manning  
Name: Frank Manning  
Title: President & CEO  
     
BANK  
     
SILICON VALLEY BANK  
   
By:  /s/Kate Leland  
Name: Kate Leland  
Title: Vice President  
 
 
33
 
 
EXHIBIT A

The Collateral consists of all of Borrower’s right, title and interest in and to the following:
 
All goods, equipment, inventory, contract rights or rights to payment of money, leases, license agreements, franchise agreements, general intangibles (including payment intangibles), accounts (including health-care receivables), documents, instruments (including any promissory notes), chattel paper (whether tangible or electronic), cash, deposit accounts, all certificates of deposit, fixtures, letters of credit rights (whether or not the letter of credit is evidenced by a writing), commercial tort claims, consignment agreements and all related documents, filings and instruments, securities, and all other investment property, supporting obligations, and financial assets, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, wherever located; and any copyright rights, copyright applications, copyright registrations and like protections in each work of authorship and derivative work, whether published or unpublished, now owned or later acquired; any patents, trademarks, service marks and applications therefor; trade styles, trade names, any trade secret rights, including any rights to unpatented inventions, know-how, operating manuals, license rights and agreements and confidential information, now owned or hereafter acquired; or any claims for damages by way of any past, present and future infringement of any of the foregoing; and
 
All Borrower’s books relating to the foregoing and any and all claims, rights and interests in any of the above and all substitutions for, additions, attachments, accessories, accessions and improvements to and replacements, products, proceeds and insurance proceeds of any or all of the foregoing.
 
 
A-1
 
 
EXHIBIT B


SPECIALTY FINANCE DIVISION
Compliance Certificate

I, an authorized officer of ZOOM TELEPHONICS, INC. (“Borrower”) certify under the Loan and Security Agreement (as amended, the “Agreement”) between Borrower and Silicon Valley Bank (“Bank”) as follows for the period ending ____________________ (all capitalized terms used herein shall have the meaning set forth in the Agreement):

Borrower represents and warrants for each Financed Receivable:

Each Financed Receivable is an Eligible Account;

Borrower is the owner with legal right to sell, transfer, assign and encumber such Financed Receivable;

The correct amount is on the Advance Request and Invoice Transmittal and is not disputed;

Payment is not contingent on any obligation or contract and Borrower has fulfilled all its obligations as of the Advance Request and Invoice Transmittal date;

Each Financed Receivable is based on an actual sale and delivery of goods and/or services rendered, is due to Borrower, is not past due or in default, has not been previously sold, assigned, transferred, or pledged and is free of any liens, security interests and encumbrances other than Permitted Liens;

There are no defenses, offsets, counterclaims or agreements for which the Account Debtor may claim any deduction or discount;

Borrower reasonably believes no Account Debtor is insolvent or subject to any Insolvency Proceedings;

Borrower has not filed or had filed against it Insolvency Proceedings and does not anticipate any filing;

Bank has the right to endorse and/or require Borrower to endorse all payments received on Financed Receivables and all proceeds of Collateral; and

No representation, warranty or other statement of Borrower in any certificate or written statement given to Bank contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statement contained in the certificates or statement not misleading.

Additionally, Borrower represents and warrants as follows:

Borrower and each Subsidiary is duly existing and in good standing in its state of formation and qualified and licensed to do business in, and in good standing in, any state in which the conduct of its business or its ownership of property requires that it be qualified except where the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change.  The execution, delivery and performance of the Loan Documents have been duly authorized, and do not conflict with Borrower’s organizational documents, nor constitute an event of default under any material agreement by which Borrower is bound.  Borrower is not in default under any agreement to which or by which it is bound in which the default could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change.
 
 
B-1
 

Borrower has good title to the Collateral, free of Liens except Permitted Liens.  All inventory is in all material respects of good and marketable quality, free from material defects.
Borrower is not an “investment company” or a company “controlled” by an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.  Borrower is not engaged as one of its important activities in extending credit for margin stock (under Regulations X, T and U of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors).  Borrower has complied in all material respects with the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act.  Borrower has not violated any laws, ordinances or rules, the violation of which could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change.  None of Borrower’s or any Subsidiary’s properties or assets have been used by Borrower or any Subsidiary or, to the best of Borrower’s knowledge, by previous Persons, in disposing, producing, storing, treating, or transporting any hazardous substance other than legally.  Borrower and each Subsidiary has timely filed all required tax returns and paid, or made adequate provision to pay, all material taxes, except those being contested in good faith with adequate reserves under GAAP.  Borrower and each Subsidiary has obtained all consents, approvals and authorizations of, made all declarations or filings with, and given all notices to, all government authorities that are necessary to continue its business as currently conducted except where the failure to obtain or make such consents, declarations, notices or filings would not reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change.

Borrower is in compliance with the financial covenant(s) set forth in Section 6.7 of this Agreement.  Attached are the required documents supporting the certification.  The undersigned certifies that these are prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently applied from one period to the next except as explained in an accompanying letter or footnotes.

The undersigned acknowledges that no borrowings may be requested at any time or date of determination that Borrower is not in compliance with any of the terms of the Agreement, and that compliance is determined not just at the date this certificate is delivered.

Financial Covenant
 
    Required     Actual     Compliance  
                   
Tangible Net Worth   $ 3,000,000     $         Yes No  
 
Streamline Facility Eligibility
 
    Required     Actual     Eligible  
                         
Adjusted Quick Ratio
  > 1.40:1.0     ___:1.0       Yes No   
 
All other representations and warranties in the Agreement are true and correct in all material respects on this date, and Borrower represents that there is no existing Event of Default.


Sincerely,
 
ZOOM TELEPHONICS, INC.  
   
Signature  
   
Title  
   
Date  
 
 
 
B-2
 
 

 
EXHIBIT C

[To be provided by Bank]
 
 
 
 
C-1
 

EXHIBIT D

BORROWING BASE CERTIFICATE
 
Borrower: ZOOM TELEPHONICS, INC.
Lender: Silicon Valley Bank
Commitment Amount: $1,000,000.00
                                                                     
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
  
1.         Accounts Receivable (invoiced) Book Value as of ____________________
$_______________
2.         Additions (please explain on next page)
$_______________
3.         Less: Intercompany / Employee / Non-Trade Accounts
4.         NET TRADE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
$_______________
$_______________
   
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE DEDUCTIONS (without duplication)
  
5.         Affiliate/Intercompany/Employee Accounts
$_______________
6.         90 Days Past Invoice Date
$_______________
7.         Foreign Account Debtors (non-U.S. and non-Canada)
$_______________
8.         Accounts billed and/or payable outside the United States
$_______________
9.         Contra/Customer Deposit Accounts
$_______________
10        U.S. Government Accounts w/o assignment of claims and approval by Bank
$_______________
11.       Promotion or Demo Accounts; Guaranteed Sale or Consignment Sale Accounts
$_______________
12.       Accounts with Memo or Pre-Billings
13.       Contract Accounts; Accounts with Progress/Milestone Billings
$_______________
$_______________
14.       Accounts for Retainage Billings
$_______________
15.       Trust / Bonded Accounts
$_______________
16.       Bill and Hold Accounts
$_______________
17.       Unbilled Accounts
$_______________
18.       Non-Trade Accounts (if not already deducted above)
$_______________
19.       Chargebacks Accounts / Debit Memos
$_______________
20.       Product Returns/Exchanges
21.       Disputed Accounts; Insolvent Account Debtor Accounts
$_______________
$_______________
22.       Deferred Revenue
$_______________
23.       Doubtful / Refreshed / Recycled Accounts
$_______________
24.       Balance of 50% over 90 Day Accounts (cross-age or current affected)
$_______________
25.       Other (please explain on next page)
$_______________
26.       TOTAL ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE DEDUCTIONS
$_______________
27.       Eligible Accounts (#4 minus #26)
$_______________
28.       ELIGIBLE AMOUNT OF ACCOUNTS (80.0% of #27)
$_______________
   
BALANCES
  
29.       Maximum Loan Amount
$1,000,000.00
30.       Total Funds Available (lesser of #28 or #29)
$_______________
31.       Present balance
$_______________
32.       RESERVE POSITION (#30 minus #31)
$_______________

[Continued on following page.]
 
 
D-1
 
 
Explanatory comments from previous page:
 
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
The undersigned represents and warrants that this is true, complete and correct, and that the information in this Borrowing Base Certificate complies with the representations and warranties in the Loan and Security Agreement between the undersigned and Silicon Valley Bank.
 
      BANK USE ONLY    
COMMENTS:    
Received by:
   
           
ZOOM TELEPHONICS, INC.
    
AUTHORIZED SINGNER
    
      Date:      
By:
 
          
Authorized Signer
    
Verified:
    
Date:       AUTHORIZED SINGNER    
           
      Date:      
      Compliance Status: Yes    No    
           
 
 
D-2