AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
Exhibit 2.1
EXECUTION VERSION
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
Among
MOTOROLA, INC.,
MOTOROLA GTG SUBSIDIARY V CORP.
and
TUT SYSTEMS, INC.
Dated as of December 20, 2006
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page | ||||
Article I | THE MERGER | 1 | ||
1.1 | The Merger | 1 | ||
1.2 | Effective Time; Closing | 2 | ||
1.3 | Effect of the Merger | 2 | ||
Article II | CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION AND BY-LAWS OF THE SURVIVING CORPORATION | 2 | ||
2.1 | The Certificate of Incorporation | 2 | ||
2.2 | The By-Laws | 2 | ||
Article III | OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS OF THE SURVIVING CORPORATION | 2 | ||
3.1 | Directors | 2 | ||
3.2 | Officers | 3 | ||
Article IV | CONVERSION OF SECURITIES | 3 | ||
4.1 | Conversion of Capital Stock | 3 | ||
4.2 | Exchange of Certificates | 3 | ||
4.3 | Company Options and Warrants | 5 | ||
4.4 | Employee Stock Purchase Plan | 6 | ||
4.5 | Restricted Stock | 7 | ||
4.6 | Actions by the Company | 7 | ||
4.7 | Dissenting Shares | 7 | ||
Article V | REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY | 8 | ||
5.1 | Organization and Qualification; Subsidiaries | 8 | ||
5.2 | Capital Structure. | 10 | ||
5.3 | Corporate Authority; Approval and Fairness | 12 | ||
5.4 | Governmental Filings; No Violations; Certain Contracts, Etc | 12 | ||
5.5 | Contracts | 13 | ||
5.6 | SEC Filings; Financial Statements; Information Provided | 16 | ||
5.7 | Absence of Certain Changes | 18 | ||
5.8 | Litigation and Liabilities | 19 | ||
5.9 | Employee Benefits | 19 | ||
5.10 | Compliance with Laws; Permits | 22 | ||
5.11 | Environmental Matters | 23 | ||
5.12 | Taxes | 24 | ||
5.13 | Employees; Independent Contractors. | 24 |
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page | ||||
5.14 | Insurance | 26 | ||
5.15 | Intellectual Property | 26 | ||
5.16 | Owned and Leased Properties | 32 | ||
5.17 | Government Contracts | 33 | ||
5.18 | Import and Export Control Laws | 34 | ||
5.19 | Foreign Corrupt Practices Act | 35 | ||
5.20 | Consent Decrees | 35 | ||
5.21 | Product Liability and Recalls | 35 | ||
5.22 | Takeover Statutes | 36 | ||
5.23 | Change of Control | 36 | ||
5.24 | Vote Required | 36 | ||
5.25 | Brokers and Finders | 36 | ||
Article VI | REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB | 36 | ||
6.1 | Organization, Good Standing and Qualification | 36 | ||
6.2 | Authority; No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents | 37 | ||
6.3 | Information Provided | 38 | ||
6.4 | Operations of Merger Sub | 38 | ||
6.5 | Financing | 38 | ||
Article VII | COVENANTS | 38 | ||
7.1 | Interim Operations | 38 | ||
7.2 | No Solicitation | 41 | ||
7.3 | Proxy Statement | 44 | ||
7.4 | Listing | 44 | ||
7.5 | Company Meeting | 44 | ||
7.6 | Filings; Other Actions; Notification | 45 | ||
7.7 | Access | 47 | ||
7.8 | Notice of Certain Matters | 47 | ||
7.9 | De-listing | 48 | ||
7.10 | Publicity | 48 | ||
7.11 | Company and Parent Benefit Plans. | 48 | ||
7.12 | Loans to Company Employees, Officers and Directors | 48 | ||
7.13 | Indemnification; Directors and Officers Insurance | 48 |
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page | ||||
7.14 | Takeover Statute | 50 | ||
7.15 | Section 16 Matters | 50 | ||
7.16 | 2006 Convertible Notes | 50 | ||
Article VIII | CONDITIONS | 50 | ||
8.1 | Conditions to Each Partys Obligation to Effect the Merger | 50 | ||
8.2 | Conditions to Obligations of Parent and Merger Sub | 50 | ||
8.3 | Conditions to Obligation of the Company | 52 | ||
Article IX | TERMINATION | 53 | ||
9.1 | Termination by Mutual Consent | 53 | ||
9.2 | Termination by Either Parent or the Company | 53 | ||
9.3 | Termination by the Company | 54 | ||
9.4 | Termination by Parent | 54 | ||
9.5 | Effect of Termination and Abandonment | 55 | ||
Article X | MISCELLANEOUS AND GENERAL | 56 | ||
10.1 | Survival | 56 | ||
10.2 | Modification or Amendment | 57 | ||
10.3 | Waiver of Conditions | 57 | ||
10.4 | Counterparts | 57 | ||
10.5 | GOVERNING LAW AND VENUE; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL | 57 | ||
10.6 | Notices | 58 | ||
10.7 | Entire Agreement | 59 | ||
10.8 | No Third Party Beneficiaries | 59 | ||
10.9 | Obligations of Parent and of the Company | 59 | ||
10.10 | Definitions | 59 | ||
10.11 | Severability | 59 | ||
10.12 | Interpretation; Construction | 59 | ||
10.13 | Assignment | 60 | ||
10.14 | Expenses | 60 |
iv
DEFINED TERMS
Term | Section | |
1992 Stock Plan | 5.2(a) | |
1998 ESPP | 4.4(a) | |
1998 ESPP Purchase Price | 4.4(c) | |
1998 Plan | 5.2(a) | |
1999 Stock Plan | 5.2(a) | |
2006 Notes | 7.16 | |
2006 Warrants | 7.17 | |
3PL | 5.5(a)(vi) | |
Actions | 5.8(a) | |
Adverse Recommendation Notice | 7.2(d)(i) | |
Affiliate | 5.2(d) | |
Agreement | Preamble | |
Alternative Acquisition Agreement | 7.2(a) | |
Antitrust Laws | 5.4(a) | |
Bid | 5.17 | |
Burdensome Condition | 8.2(c)(i) | |
Business Day | 1.2 | |
By-Laws | 2.2 | |
Certificate | 4.2(b) | |
Certificate of Merger | 1.2 | |
Change in Company Recommendation | 7.2(c) | |
Charter | 2.1 | |
Closing | 1.2 | |
Closing Date | 1.2 | |
Code | 4.2(f) | |
Company | Preamble | |
Company Approvals | 5.4(a) | |
Company Benefit Plans | 5.9(a) | |
Company Board | 5.1(a) | |
Company Board Recommendation | 5.3(b) | |
Company Common Stock | 4.1(b) | |
Company Disclosure Schedule | Article V | |
Company ERISA Plans | 5.9(b) | |
Company Government Contract | 5.17 | |
Company Government Subcontract | 5.17 | |
Company Lease | 5.16(b) | |
Company Material Adverse Effect | 5.1(d) | |
Company Material Contract | 5.5(a) | |
Company Meeting | 7.5 | |
Company Net Debt | 5.8(c) | |
Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plan | 5.9(g) | |
Company Options Plans | 5.2(a) | |
Company Pension Plan | 5.9(b) | |
Company Permit | 5.10 | |
Company Representatives | 7.2(a) | |
Company SEC Reports | 5.6(a) | |
Company Software | 5.15(q)(i) |
Company Stock Option | 5.2(a) | |
Company Stock Plans | 5.2(a) | |
Company Triggering Event | 9.4(b) | |
Competing Transaction | 7.2(d)(ii) | |
Confidentiality Agreement | 10.7 | |
Constituent Corporations | Preamble | |
Contractor Assignment Agreements | 5.15(h) | |
Contracts | 5.4(b) | |
Copyrights | 5.15(q)(ii) | |
Costs | 7.13(a) | |
Current Offering Period | 4.4(b) | |
Delaware Law | Recitals | |
Dissenting Shares | 4.7(a) | |
Effective Time | 1.2 | |
Employee Assignment Agreements | 5.15(h) | |
Employees | 5.13(a) | |
EMS | 5.5(a)(vi) | |
Environmental Law | 5.11(a) | |
ERISA | 5.5(a)(vi) | |
ERISA Affiliate | 5.5(a) | |
Exchange Act | 5.4(a) | |
Exchange Agent | 4.2(a) | |
Exchange Fund | 4.2(a) | |
Expenses | 10.14 | |
Export Approvals | 5.18(a) | |
FCPA | 5.19 | |
GAAP | 5.2(e) | |
Governmental Entity | 5.4(a) | |
Hazardous Substance | 5.11(a) | |
HSR Act | 5.1(d) | |
Indebtedness | 5.8(c) | |
Indemnified Parties | 7.13(a) | |
Intellectual Property | 5.15(q)(iii) | |
Investments | 5.1(c) | |
IRS | 5.9(b) | |
Key Employee | 5.13(c) | |
Laws | 5.10 | |
Leased Real Property | 5.16(b) | |
Liens | 5.1(d) | |
Limited License | 5.15(n) | |
Material Environmental Reports | 5.11(a) | |
Major Customer | 5.5(a)(iii) | |
Major Customer Contract | 5.5(a)(iii) | |
Major Supplier | 5.5(a)(v) | |
Major Supplier Contract | 5.5(a)(v) | |
Maximum Premium | 7.13(b) | |
Merger | 1.1 | |
Merger Consideration | 4.1(c) | |
Merger Sub | Preamble | |
Multiemployer Plan | 5.9(c) | |
ODM | 5.5(a)(vi) |
OEM | 5.5(a)(vi) | |
Off-The-Shelve Software | 5.15(q)(vi) | |
Option Agreement | 4.2(b) | |
Option Consent | 4.3(b) | |
Option Holder | 4.3(a) | |
Option Payment | 4.3(b) | |
Order | 8.1(c) | |
Owned Intellectual Property | 5.15(q)(iv) | |
Parent | Preamble | |
Parent Material Adverse Effect | 6.1 | |
Patents | 5.15(q)(v) | |
Permitted Liens | 5.16(e) | |
Person | 4.2(b) | |
Preferred Shares | 5.2(a) | |
Proxy Statement | 5.6(d) | |
Restricted Stock | 4.5 | |
Sarbanes-Oxley Act | 5.6(a) | |
SEC | 5.2(e) | |
Securities Act | 5.2(f) | |
Shall | 10.12(a) | |
Shall Not | 10.12(a) | |
Shareholder Approval | 5.3(a) | |
Software | 5.15(q)(vii) | |
Stockholder Agreement | Recitals | |
Subsidiary | 5.1(d) | |
Superior Proposal | 7.2(d)(iii) | |
Surviving Corporation | 1.1 | |
Takeover Proposal | 7.2(d)(iv) | |
Takeover Statute | 5.22 | |
Tax | 5.12 | |
Taxes | 5.12 | |
Taxable | 5.12 | |
Tax Return | 5.12 | |
Tenant | 5.16(c) | |
Termination Fee | 9.5(b) | |
Third Party | 7.2(d)(v) | |
Third Party Embedded Software | 5.15(q)(viii) | |
Third Party IP Licenses | 5.15(d) | |
Third Party Licenses | 5.15(d) | |
Third Party Software Licenses | 5.15(q)(ix) | |
Trademarks | 5.15(q)(x) | |
Voting Debt | 5.2(c) | |
Waiting Period | 9.3(a) |
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this Agreement) is dated as of December 20, 2006, among Tut Systems, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the Company), Motorola, Inc., a Delaware corporation (Parent), and Motorola GTG Subsidiary V Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (Merger Sub, the Company and Merger Sub are sometimes collectively referred to as the Constituent Corporations).
RECITALS
WHEREAS, Parent and the respective boards of directors of Merger Sub and the Company have deemed it advisable and in the best interests of their respective corporations and stockholders that Parent and the Company consummate the business combination and other transactions provided for in this Agreement;
WHEREAS, the respective boards of directors of Merger Sub and the Company have approved, in accordance with the Delaware General Corporation Law (Delaware Law), this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger (as defined below);
WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, and as a condition and inducement to Parents willingness to enter into this Agreement, Kopp Investment Advisors, LLC and certain of its affiliates are entering into a stockholder agreement and irrevocable proxy in substantially the form attached as Exhibit A (the Stockholder Agreement);
WHEREAS, the board of directors of the Company has resolved to recommend to its stockholders approval and adoption of this Agreement and approval of the Merger;
WHEREAS, Parent, as the sole stockholder of Merger Sub, has approved and adopted this Agreement and approved the Merger pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement; and
WHEREAS, Parent, Merger Sub and the Company desire to make certain representations, warranties and agreements in connection with the Merger and also to prescribe certain conditions to the Merger:
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises, representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
THE MERGER
1.1 The Merger. At the Effective Time (as defined below) and subject to and upon the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the applicable provisions of Delaware Law, Merger Sub will be merged with and into the Company (the Merger), the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub will cease and the Company will continue as the surviving corporation and as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent. The surviving corporation after the Merger is sometimes referred to as the Surviving Corporation.
1
1.2 Effective Time; Closing. Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, the parties shall cause the Merger to be consummated by filing a Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with the relevant provisions of Delaware Law (the Certificate of Merger) (the time of such filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (or such later time as may be agreed in writing by the Company and Parent and specified in the Certificate of Merger is referred to as the Effective Time) on the Closing Date. The closing of the Merger (the Closing) shall take place at the offices of Baker & McKenzie LLP, One Prudential Plaza, 130 East Randolph Dr., Chicago, Illinois, at a time and date to be specified by the parties, which shall be no later than the second Business Day after the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in Article VIII (other than those that by their terms are to be satisfied or waived at the Closing), or at such other time, date and location as the parties agree in writing. The date on which the Closing occurs is referred to as the Closing Date. Business Day means each day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which Parent is closed for business or banking institutions located in Chicago, Illinois or Portland, Oregon, are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.
1.3 Effect of the Merger. At the Effective Time, the effect of the Merger will be as provided in this Agreement and the applicable provisions of Delaware Law. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, at the Effective Time all the property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub will vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, obligations, claims, liabilities and duties of the Company and Merger Sub will become the debts, obligations, claims, liabilities and duties of the Surviving Corporation.
ARTICLE II
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION AND BY-LAWS
OF THE SURVIVING CORPORATION
2.1 The Certificate of Incorporation. At the Effective Time, the certificate of incorporation of the Company in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be amended and restated in its entirety to be identical to the certificate of incorporation of the Merger Sub (the Charter) attached hereto as Exhibit B, until later amended as provided in the Charter or by applicable Law (as defined below); provided, however, that at the Effective Time, Article I of the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation will be amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows: The name of the corporation is Tut Systems, Inc. After the Effective Time, the authorized capital stock of the Surviving Corporation shall consist of 1,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share.
2.2 The By-Laws. At the Effective Time, the by-laws of the Company in effect at the Effective Time will be amended and restated in their entirety to be identical to the by-laws of Merger Sub, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time (the By-Laws), until later amended as provided in the By-Laws or by applicable Law.
ARTICLE III
OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
OF THE SURVIVING CORPORATION
3.1 Directors. The directors of Merger Sub at the Effective Time will, from and after the Effective Time, be the directors of the Surviving Corporation until their successors have been duly elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance with the Charter and the By-Laws, and the board of directors of the Company shall take all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to give effect to the foregoing.
2
3.2 Officers. The officers of Merger Sub at the Effective Time will, from and after the Effective Time, be the officers of the Surviving Corporation until their successors have been duly elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance with the Charter and the By-Laws.
ARTICLE IV
CONVERSION OF SECURITIES
4.1 Conversion of Capital Stock. As of the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of Merger Sub, the Company or any holder of shares of the capital stock of the Company or capital stock of Merger Sub, the following will occur:
(a) Capital Stock of Merger Sub. Each share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Merger Sub issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time will be converted into and become one fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Surviving Corporation.
(b) Cancellation of Treasury Stock and Parent-Owned Stock. All shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (Company Common Stock) that are owned by the Company as treasury stock and any shares of Company Common Stock owned by Parent or Merger Sub or any direct or indirect Subsidiaries (as defined below) of Parent immediately prior to the Effective Time will be cancelled and will cease to exist and no payment will be made with respect thereto.
(c) Merger Consideration for Company Common Stock. Subject to Section 4.2, each share of Company Common Stock (other than shares to be cancelled in accordance with Section 4.1(b) and Dissenting Shares (as defined below)) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time will be automatically converted into the right to receive $1.15 in cash per share, without interest (the Merger Consideration). As of the Effective Time, all shares of Company Common Stock will no longer be outstanding and will automatically be cancelled and cease to exist, and each holder of a certificate representing any such shares of Company Common Stock will cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive the Merger Consideration pursuant to this Section 4.1(c) upon the surrender of such certificate in accordance with Section 4.2, without interest (or in the case of Dissenting Shares, the rights contemplated by Section 4.7).
(d) Adjustments to Prevent Dilution. In the event that the Company changes the number of shares of Company Common Stock or securities convertible or exchangeable into or exercisable for shares of Company Common Stock issued and outstanding prior to the Effective Time as a result of a reclassification, stock split (including a reverse stock split), stock dividend or distribution, recapitalization, merger, subdivision, issuer tender or exchange offer, or other similar transaction, the Merger Consideration will be equitably adjusted; provided, however, that no such adjustment will be made for issuances of shares of Company Common Stock (or securities convertible or exchangeable into or exercisable for shares of Company Common Stock) that occur in the ordinary course of the Companys business pursuant to the exercise of Company Stock Options (as defined below) described as outstanding in Section 5.2 in accordance with the applicable terms of the Company Stock Options.
3
4.2 Exchange of Certificates. The procedures for exchanging outstanding shares of Company Common Stock for the Merger Consideration pursuant to the Merger are as follows:
(a) Exchange Agent. At or prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall deposit, or cause to be deposited, with an exchange agent appointed by Parent and reasonably approved by the Company prior to the date of this Agreement (the Exchange Agent), for the benefit of the holders of shares of Company Common Stock, for payment through the Exchange Agent in accordance with this Section 4.2, cash in an amount equal to the product of the Merger Consideration and the number of shares of Company Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, (exclusive of any shares to be cancelled pursuant to Section 4.1(b)) (the Exchange Fund), plus any cash necessary to pay the Option Payments (as defined below) pursuant to Section 4.3(b) and to make payments (if any) with respect to the 1998 ESPP (as defined below) pursuant to Section 4.4. Pending distribution of the cash deposited with the Exchange Agent, such cash will be held in trust for the benefit of the holders of Company Common Stock entitled to receive the Merger Consideration and the Option Holders (as defined below) entitled to receive the Option Payments and will not be used for any other purposes; provided, however, any interest and other income resulting from such investment shall become a part of the Exchange Fund, and any amounts in excess of the amounts payable under Section 4.1(c), Section 4.3(b) and, if any, Section 4.4, will be promptly returned to Parent. The Exchange Agent shall invest the Exchange Fund as directed by Parent provided that (i) such investments will be in obligations of or guaranteed by the United States of America, in commercial paper obligations rated A-1 or P-1 or better by Moodys Investors Service, Inc. or Standard & Poors Corporation, respectively, or in certificates of deposit, bank repurchase agreements or bankers acceptances of commercial banks with capital exceeding $1 billion, and (ii) no such investments will have maturities that could prevent or delay payments to be made pursuant to this Article IV.
(b) Exchange Procedures. Promptly (and in any event within 5 Business Days) after the Effective Time, Parent shall cause the Exchange Agent to mail to each holder of record of a certificate which immediately prior to the Effective Time represented outstanding shares of Company Common Stock (each, a Certificate), and to each Option Holder from which Parent (or its agent) received prior to the Closing Date an Option Consent (as defined below) pursuant to Section 4.3(b), (i) a letter of transmittal in customary form and as reasonably approved by the Company and (ii) instructions for effecting the surrender of (A) the Certificates in exchange for the Merger Consideration payable with respect thereto, or (B) agreements representing the grant of such Company Stock Option (as defined below) (each, an Option Agreement) (or other reasonably acceptable evidence of surrender of such Company Stock Option as required by the Exchange Agent) in exchange for the Option Payments payable with respect thereto. Upon surrender of a Certificate or Option Agreement (or effective affidavit of loss required by Section 4.2(g)) for cancellation to the Exchange Agent, together with a duly executed, letter of transmittal, the holder of such Certificate or Option Agreement will be entitled to receive in exchange the Merger Consideration or Option Payment that such holder has the right to receive pursuant to the provisions of this Article IV, subject to any required withholding taxes pursuant to Section 4.2(f) and Section 4.3(b), and the surrendered Certificate or Option Agreement will immediately be cancelled. No interest will be paid or accrued on the cash payable upon the surrender of such Certificates or Option Agreements. In the event of a transfer of ownership of Company Common Stock is not registered in the transfer records of the Company, it will be a condition of payment of the Merger Consideration that (A) the surrendered Certificate be properly endorsed, with signatures guaranteed, or otherwise in proper form for transfer, and (B) the Person (as defined below) requesting payment (I) pay any transfer or other Taxes required by reason of the payment to a Person other than the registered holder of the surrendered Certificate, or (II) establish to the satisfaction of Parent that such Taxes have been paid or are not applicable. Until surrendered as contemplated by this Section 4.2, each Certificate or Option Agreement (or effective affidavit of loss required by Section 4.2(g)) will be deemed at any time after the Effective Time to represent only the right to receive upon such surrender the Merger Consideration as contemplated by this Section 4.2 or the Option Payment as contemplated by Section 4.3(b). The term Person means an individual,
4
corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, association, trust, unincorporated organization or other entity.
(c) No Further Ownership Rights in Company Common Stock. From and after the Effective Time, there will be no further registration of transfers on the stock transfer books of the Surviving Corporation of the shares of Company Common Stock which were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and holders of Certificates will cease to have any rights as stockholders of the Surviving Corporation other than the right to receive the Merger Consideration upon surrender of such Certificates in accordance with Section 4.2(b) and Section 4.2(g) (or in the case of Dissenting Shares, the rights contemplated by Section 4.7) and any dividend or distribution with respect to shares of Company Common Stock evidenced by such Certificates with a record date prior to the Closing Date. If, after the Effective Time, Certificates are presented to the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent for any reason, they will be cancelled and exchanged as provided in this Article IV.
(d) Termination of Exchange Fund. Any portion of the Exchange Fund which remains undistributed to the holders of Company Common Stock on the date that is 180 days after the Effective Time will be delivered to Parent, and any former holder of Company Common Stock who has not previously complied with this Section 4.2 will be entitled to receive, upon demand, only from Parent payment of its claim for the Merger Consideration, without interest.
(e) No Liability. To the extent permitted by applicable Law, none of Parent, Merger Sub, the Company, the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent will be liable to any holder of shares of Company Common Stock delivered to a public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar Law.
(f) Withholding Rights. Each of the Exchange Agent, Parent and the Surviving Corporation will be entitled to deduct and withhold from the Merger Consideration otherwise payable pursuant to this Agreement to any holder of shares of Company Common Stock such amounts as it is required to deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such payment under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), or any other applicable state, local or foreign Law related to Tax (as defined below). To the extent that amounts are so withheld by the Surviving Corporation or Parent, as the case may be, such withheld amounts (i) will be remitted by Parent or the Surviving Corporation, as the case may be, to the applicable Governmental Entity (as defined below), and (ii) will be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of the shares of Company Common Stock in respect of which such deduction and withholding was made by the Surviving Corporation or Parent, as the case may be.
(g) Lost Certificates. If any Certificate has been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the Person claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed, and, if required by Parent, the posting by such Person of a bond in such reasonable amount as Parent may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against it with respect to such Certificate, the Exchange Agent shall pay, in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate, the Merger Consideration to be paid pursuant to this Agreement in respect of the shares of Company Common Stock formerly represented by such Certificate.
4.3 Company Options and Warrants.
(a) Not less than 30 days before the Closing Date, the Company shall provide written notice to each holder (an Option Holder) of a Company Stock Option (as defined below) that is outstanding as of the date of such notice that (i) such Option Holder may exercise his or her Company Stock Options, whether or not then vested or exercisable (it being understood that any such
5
exercises of Company Stock Options that are not vested or exercisable as of the date of the Option Holders exercise will only be effective immediately prior to the Effective Time), and (ii) each Company Stock Option, to the extent unexercised by the Closing Date, will thereafter be terminated and will no longer be exercisable. To the extent an Option Holder exercises his or her Company Stock Options prior to the Effective Time, such Option Holder will be a holder of Company Common Stock and will receive in exchange for such shares (other than with respect to Dissenting Shares) the Merger Consideration in accordance with the provisions of Section 4.1(c).
(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 4.3(a), in lieu of an Option Holder exercising his or her Company Stock Options, such Option Holder may choose to consent to the cancellation, effective immediately prior to the Effective Time, of each of his or her outstanding Company Stock Options in consideration for a cash payment (the Option Payment) in respect of such cancellation in an amount, if any, equal to (i) the product of (x) the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Stock Option held by such Option Holder, whether or not then vested or exercisable, and (y) the excess, if any, of the Merger Consideration over the exercise price per share of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Stock Option, minus (ii) all applicable Taxes required to be withheld by the Company. In order to elect to receive the Option Payment, an Option Holder must execute and return a signed agreement (the Option Consent) to Parent (or its agent) prior to the Closing Date. The Option Payment will be paid by the Exchange Agent as promptly as reasonably practicable after the Closing Date, subject to receipt by the Exchange Agent of all necessary documents as required by the Exchange Agent pursuant to Section 4.2(b). The Company shall take any and all actions necessary (including the adoption of resolutions by the Company Board and any other action reasonably requested by Parent) to approve and effectuate the foregoing.
(c) Each Company Stock Option not exercised prior to the Closing Date pursuant to Section 4.3(a), or for which an Option Consent is not received by Parent (or its agent) prior to the Closing Date pursuant to Section 4.3(b), will be terminated at the Effective Time, will no longer be exercisable and will not be entitled to any payment in connection with the Merger.
(d) As of the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of Merger Sub, the Company or any holder of shares of the capital stock of the Company or capital stock of Merger Sub, each warrant to purchase Company Common Stock shall cease to represent a right to purchase Company Common Stock and shall be converted into the right, upon exercise of such warrant in accordance with the terms and provisions of such warrant (including the payment of the exercise price of such warrant to the Company), to receive, for each share of Company Common Stock that such warrant represents, the Merger Consideration.
4.4 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
(a) The Company shall take all actions with respect to the 1998 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended (the 1998 ESPP) as are necessary to assure that (i) participation in the 1998 ESPP shall be limited to those employees who were participants on the date of this Agreement, (ii) such participants may not increase their payroll deduction elections or purchase elections from those in effect on the date of this Agreement, (iii) there shall not be any additional Offering Period (as defined in the 1998 ESPP) commencing following the date of this Agreement; and (iv) immediately prior to the Effective Time, the Company 1998 ESPP is terminated.
(b) In the event the Current Offering Period (as defined below) ends prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall cause all accumulated payroll deductions under the 1998 ESPP to be used to purchase shares of Company Common Stock on the last day of the Current Offering Period in
6
accordance with the terms of the 1998 ESPP. For purposes of this Agreement, the term Current Offering Period means the Offering Period or Accumulation Period containing the date of this Agreement.
(c) In the event the Current Offering Period ends after the Effective Time, immediately prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall cause all purchase rights then outstanding under the 1998 ESPP to be terminated in exchange for (i) a return by the Company to each participant in the 1998 ESPP of his or her accumulated payroll deductions, plus (ii) a payment to each participant in the 1998 ESPP equal to the product of (A) the number of shares of Company Common Stock that could be purchased by the participants accumulated payroll deductions as of the Closing Date based on the purchase price per share of Company Common Stock determined in accordance with the terms of the 1998 ESPP (the 1998 ESPP Purchase Price) and (B) the excess, if any, of the Merger Consideration over 1998 ESPP Purchase Price; minus all applicable Taxes required to be withheld by the Company.
4.5 Restricted Stock. All shares of restricted stock or other similar rights awarded under the Company Stock Plans (as defined below) (Restricted Stock) will become fully vested immediately prior to the Effective Time (whether as a result of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement or otherwise) and will be converted in accordance with Section 4.1. The Company shall take any and all actions necessary (including the adoption of resolutions by the Company Board and any other action reasonably requested by Parent) to approve and effectuate the foregoing.
4.6 Actions by the Company. Except as contemplated by Section 4.3, the Company shall take all actions necessary to ensure that from and after the Effective Time the Surviving Corporation will not be bound by any options, warrants, rights, awards, convertible debt securities, other convertible securities or similar arrangements to which the Company is a party which would entitle any Person (other than Parent) to beneficially own shares of the Surviving Corporation or Parent or receive any payments (other than as set forth in Section 4.3) in respect of such options, warrants, rights, awards, convertible debt securities, other convertible securities or similar arrangements.
4.7 Dissenting Shares.
(a) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement to the contrary, any shares of Company Common Stock held by a holder who is entitled to demand and properly demands (and has not effectively withdrawn or lost such demand) appraisal rights under Section 262 of Delaware Law (collectively, the Dissenting Shares), will not be converted into or represent a right to receive the Merger Consideration, but the holder of Dissenting Shares will only be entitled to such rights as are provided by Delaware Law, including the right to receive payment of the fair value of such holders Dissenting Shares in accordance with the provisions of Section 262 of Delaware Law.
(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 4.7(a), if any holder of Dissenting Shares effectively withdraws or loses (through failure to perfect or otherwise) such holders appraisal rights under Delaware Law, then, as of the later of the Effective Time and the occurrence of such event, such holders shares will automatically be converted into and represent only the right to receive the Merger Consideration, without interest thereon, upon compliance with the exchange procedures (including, without limitation, the surrender of the Certificate representing such shares) set forth in Section 4.2.
(c) The Company shall give Parent (i) prompt written notice of any written demand for appraisal received by the Company pursuant to the applicable provisions of Delaware Law, and (ii) the opportunity to participate in any negotiations and proceedings with respect to such demands.
7
The Company shall not, except with the prior written consent of Parent, negotiate with any holder of Company Common Stock the terms of any payment, or make any payment, with respect to any such demands or offer to settle or settle any such demands, and the Company shall not communicate with any holder of Company Common Stock with respect to such demands, without prior consultation with Parent, except for communications directed to the Companys stockholders generally or as required by Law.
ARTICLE V
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
The Company represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub that the statements contained in this Article V are true and correct, except as set forth in the disclosure schedule delivered by the Company to Parent and Merger Sub prior to the execution of this Agreement (the Company Disclosure Schedule). The Company Disclosure Schedule is arranged in sections and paragraphs corresponding to the numbered and lettered sections and paragraphs contained in this Article V, and the disclosure in any section or paragraph qualifies (a) the corresponding section or paragraph in this Article V and (b) the other sections and paragraphs in this Article V to the extent that it is reasonably apparent from a reading of such disclosure that it also qualifies or applies to such other sections and paragraphs.
5.1 Organization and Qualification; Subsidiaries.
(a) Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of its respective jurisdiction of organization and has all requisite corporate or similar power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business as presently conducted and is duly qualified to do business and, where applicable as a legal concept, is in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction where the ownership or operation of its assets or properties or conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so organized, qualified or in good standing, or to have such power or authority has not had, and is not reasonably expected to have, a Company Material Adverse Effect (as defined below). The Company has made available to Parent a complete and correct copy of the Companys and its Subsidiaries certificate of incorporation and by-laws (or equivalent governing instruments) and all amendments to such instruments. The Companys and its Subsidiaries certificate of incorporation and by-laws (or equivalent governing instruments) made available are in full force and effect. The Company has made available to Parent correct and complete copies of the minutes of all meetings of the stockholders, the board of directors of the Company (the Company Board) and each committee of the Company Board and each of its Subsidiaries held between January 1, 2002 and December 19, 2006. As used in this Agreement, made available means that the subject documents were filed with the SEC, posted for secure external viewing on the Companys webroom or virtual data room in connection with negotiating this Agreement, or otherwise made available to Parent in writing.
(b) Section 5.1(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a complete and accurate list of (x) each of the Companys Subsidiaries and the ownership interest of the Company in each such Subsidiary, as well as the ownership interest of any other Person or Persons in each such Subsidiary and (y) each jurisdiction where the Company and each of its Subsidiaries is organized and qualified to do business.
(c) Section 5.1(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a complete and accurate list of any and all Persons, not constituting Subsidiaries of the Company, of which the
8
Company directly or indirectly owns an equity or similar interest, or an interest convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for an equity or similar interest (collectively, the Investments).
(d) The Company or a Subsidiary of the Company, as the case may be, owns all Subsidiaries and Investments free and clear of all liens, pledges, security interests, claims or other encumbrances (Liens), and there are no outstanding contractual obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries permitting the repurchase, redemption or other acquisition of any of its interest in any Subsidiary or Investment or requiring the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to provide funds to, make any investment (in the form of a loan, capital contribution or otherwise) in, provide any guarantee with respect to, or assume, endorse or otherwise become responsible for the obligations of, any Subsidiary or Investment. The Company does not own, directly or indirectly, any voting interest in any Person that requires any filing by Parent under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvement Act of 1976, as amended (the HSR Act).
The term (i) Subsidiary means, with respect to the Company, Parent or Merger Sub, as the case may be, any entity, whether incorporated or unincorporated, of which at least a majority of the securities or ownership interests having by their terms voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors or other persons performing similar functions is directly or indirectly owned or controlled by such party or by one or more of its respective Subsidiaries, and (ii) Company Material Adverse Effect means any materially adverse change in, or materially adverse effect on, either individually or in the aggregate with all such other adverse changes in or effects on, (X) the ability of the Company to consummate the Merger and other transactions contemplated by this Agreement in accordance with this Agreement, or (Y) the condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations, operations, business, assets (including intangible assets) or liabilities of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole; provided, however, that none of the following, in and of itself or themselves, constitute a Company Material Adverse Effect:
(e) changes that are primarily the result of general economic or business conditions in the United States;
(f) changes that are primarily the result of factors generally affecting the industries or markets in which the Company operates;
(g) in-and-of-itself, a decrease in the stock price of the Company Common Stock, provided that the exception in this clause will not prevent or otherwise affect a determination that any change, effect, circumstance or development underlying such decrease has or has not resulted in or contributed to a Company Material Adverse Effect, and no such changes will be used as evidence that some other change, effect, circumstance or development has had or has not had a Company Material Adverse Effect;
(h) delays in customer orders, reduction in sales, disruption in supplier, distributor, partner or similar relationships, in each case, which are, or are reasonably expected to be, temporary rather than permanent in nature and that are directly and primarily the result of the announcement or pendency of the Merger; and
(i) changes or effects that are the direct and primary result of or relate to compliance by the Company with the terms of, or the taking of any action required or contemplated by, this Agreement, provided that, to the extent the Company reasonably believes that compliance by the Company with the terms of, or taking any action required or contemplated by, this Agreement would reasonably be expected to result in a Company Material Adverse Effect, then the changes or effects
9
resulting from this subsection (e) will be deemed not to constitute a Company Material Adverse Effect only if the Company provides prior written notification to Parent of such belief and Parent does not provide relief from the provisions of this Agreement;
provided, further, that the Company successfully bears the burden of proving that any such change in clause (a) or (b) immediately above does not (i) primarily relate only to (or have the effect of primarily relating only to) the Company and its Subsidiaries, or (ii) disproportionately adversely affect the Company and its Subsidiaries compared to other companies of similar size operating in the industry in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate.
5.2 Capital Structure.
(a) As of the date of this Agreement, the authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 100,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share (the Preferred Shares). All of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock have been duly authorized and are validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. At the close of business on December 20, 2006, 34,152,078 shares of Company Common Stock and no Preferred Shares were issued and outstanding. The Company has no shares of Company Common Stock or Preferred Shares reserved for issuance and no other form of equity award has been granted, except that, at the close of business on December 20, 2006: (i) 5,417,819 shares of Company Common Stock were reserved for issuance by the Company pursuant to outstanding options (a Company Stock Option) under the Companys 1992 Stock Plan, as amended (the 1992 Plan), 1998 Stock Plan, as amended (the 1998 Plan), 1999 Non-Statutory Stock Plan (the 1999 Stock Plan and, collectively with the 1992 Plan and 1998 Plan, the Company Option Plans), 36,766 shares of Company Common Stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding purchase rights arising under the 1998 ESPP (together with the Company Option Plans, the Company Stock Plans), and no form of equity award under the Company Stock Plans has been granted except for Company Stock Options and Restricted Stock under the Company Option Plans and stock purchase rights under the 1998 Plan and the 1998 ESPP; (ii) 477,000 shares of Company Common Stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to equity awards not yet granted under the Company Option Plans; (iii) 479,627 shares of Company Common Stock were reserved for purchase and issuance after the Offering Period (as such term is defined in the 1998 ESPP) currently pending pursuant to the 1998 ESPP; (iv) no shares of Company Common Stock were held by the Company in its treasury; and (v) warrants to purchase up to 5,583,261 shares of Company Common Stock are outstanding. Section 5.2(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete list, as of the date of this Agreement, of: (i) all Company Stock Plans, indicating for each Company Stock Plan, as of such date, the number of shares of Company Common Stock issued under such Company Stock Plan, the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to outstanding options or purchase rights under such Company Stock Plan and the number of shares of Company Common Stock reserved for future issuance under such Company Stock Plan; (ii) all outstanding Company Stock Options and purchase rights, indicating with respect to each such Company Stock Option or purchase right the name of the holder of such option or right, the Company Stock Plan under which it was granted, the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Stock Option, the exercise price, the date of grant, and the vesting schedule, including whether (and to what extent) the vesting accelerates in any way by the execution of this Agreement, the consummation of the Merger or termination of employment or change in position following consummation of the Merger; and (iii) all outstanding warrants to purchase Company Common Stock indicating with respect to each such warrant the name of the holder of such warrant, the type and number of shares of Company Common Stock purchasable upon exercise of such warrant, the exercise price, the date of the warrant, the first date on which the warrant may be exercised, the date on which the warrant expires and any adjustments to the exercise price of the warrant, including whether
10
(and to what extent) the exercise price of the warrant is adjusted in any way upon the execution of this Agreement or the consummation of the Merger. The Company has made available to Parent complete and accurate copies of all Company Stock Plans and the forms of all stock option agreements and notices of grants or awards evidencing Company Stock Options, and forms of all purchase or participation elections under the 1998 ESPP. The Company Common Stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Market.
(b) Each of the outstanding shares of capital stock or other securities of each of the Companys Subsidiaries is duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and owned by the Company or by a Subsidiary of the Company, free and clear of any Lien.
(c) Except as set forth above in this Section 5.2, there are no preemptive or other outstanding rights, options, warrants, conversion rights, phantom stock units, restricted stock units, or stock appreciation rights or similar rights, rights or poison pill agreements, redemption rights, repurchase rights, agreements, arrangements, calls, commitments or rights of any kind that obligate the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to issue or sell any shares of capital stock or other securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any securities or obligations convertible or exchangeable into or exercisable for, or giving any Person a right to subscribe for or acquire, any securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and no securities or obligations evidencing such rights are authorized, issued or outstanding. The Company does not have outstanding any bonds, debentures, notes or other obligations (i) the terms of which provide the holders the right to vote with the stockholders of the Company on any matter or (ii) that are convertible into or exercisable for securities having the right to vote with the stockholders of the Company on any matter (any such bonds, debentures, notes or obligations, Voting Debt).
(d) There are no registration rights to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which it or they are bound with respect to any equity security of any class of the Company. Other than the Stockholder Agreement and the irrevocable proxies granted pursuant to the Stockholder Agreement, neither the Company nor any of its Affiliates (as defined below) is a party to or is bound by any agreements or understandings with respect to the voting (including voting trusts and proxies) or sale or transfer (including agreements imposing transfer restrictions) of any shares of capital stock or other equity interests of the Company. There are no obligations, contingent or otherwise, of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of Company Common Stock or the capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. As used in this Agreement with respect to any party, the term Affiliate means any Person who is an affiliate of that party within the meaning of Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act.; provided, that, for purposes of Sections 5.2(d), 5.5(a)(viii), 5.8(a), 5.18(e), 5.18(g) and 7.6(b) of this Agreement only, Affiliate shall not include Kopp Investment Advisors, LLC, Bonanza Capital Ltd., Tektronix, Inc., or any of their respective affiliates.
(e) (i) All stock options awarded under the Company Stock Plans were duly and lawfully granted and approved in accordance with the requirements of the applicable corporate, Tax and securities Laws and the terms of the applicable Company Stock Plan; (ii) the Companys minutes, grantee documentation and other equity plan administration records each reflect the proper measurement date of each such Company Stock Option pursuant to the applicable requirements of United States generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in effect at the time of each grant; and (iii) all of the Companys financial statements filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) have accounted for and reflected in accordance with GAAP all awards, modifications, exchanges, or other transactions in connection with the Company Stock Plans. The fair market value of each Company Stock Option on the date of grant was established in accordance with a valuation methodology set forth under the terms the applicable Company Stock Plan and that meets the
11
requirements of Sections 409A, 422 and 423 of the Code, as applicable. The purchase rights granted under the 1998 ESPP were granted in accordance with all of the requirements of Section 423(b) of the Code. Each Company Stock Option was granted with an exercise price per share that was not less than the fair market value per share of the Company Common Stock on the date of grant. The Company has complied with all required income and payroll tax withholding and reporting requirements with respect to the Company Stock Plans and all grants, exercises, issuances and other transactions thereunder.
(f) Assuming that the written representations made by purchasers of Company Common Stock in connection with the issuance of such Company Common Stock were true and complete when made and, as applicable, continue to be true and complete, the Company has not offered, sold or issued any Common Stock, Company Stock Options or other equity awards in connection with the Company Stock Plans in violation or contravention of the registration or qualification requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), the California Corporate Securities Law of 1968, as amended, any other U.S. state securities Laws, or any non-U.S. securities Laws.
5.3 Corporate Authority; Approval and Fairness.
(a) The Company has all requisite corporate power and authority and has taken all corporate action necessary in order to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Agreement, and to consummate the Merger, subject only to approval of this Agreement and the Merger by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock entitled to vote thereon (the Shareholder Approval), and the filing of the Certificate of Merger pursuant to Delaware Law. This Agreement is a valid and binding agreement of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as the enforcement may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency (including, without limitation, all Laws relating to fraudulent transfers), reorganization, moratorium or similar Laws affecting enforcement of creditors rights generally now or hereafter in effect and except as enforcement is subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is considered in a proceeding in equity or at Law).
(b) The Company Board acting unanimously, has (i) determined that this Agreement and the Merger are fair to, and in the best interests of, the Company and the holders of Company Common Stock, (ii) approved and adopted this Agreement and declared its advisability in accordance with the provisions of Delaware Law, (iii) resolved to recommend this Agreement and the Merger to the holders of Company Common Stock for approval in accordance with Section 7.5 of this Agreement (the Company Board Recommendation), and (iv) directed that this Agreement and the Merger be submitted to the holders of Company Common Stock for consideration in accordance with this Agreement, provided that any withdrawal, modification or qualification of the foregoing in accordance with Section 7.2 shall not be deemed a breach of this representation. The Company Board has received the opinion of its financial advisor, Raymond James & Associates Inc., to the effect that (subject to the assumptions and qualifications set forth in such opinion) the consideration to be received by the holders of the shares of Company Common Stock in the Merger is fair, as of the date of such opinion, from a financial point of view to such holders, a copy of which opinion has been delivered to Parent.
5.4 Governmental Filings; No Violations; Certain Contracts, Etc.
(a) Other than (i) the filings, approvals and/or notices pursuant to Section 1.2, (ii) filings or similar information requests required under applicable Laws of jurisdictions outside the United States designed to prohibit, restrict or regulate actions for the purpose or effect of monopolization or restraint of trade (collectively, the Antitrust Laws), (iii) applicable requirements, if
12
any, of the Securities Act, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, including the requirement to file the Proxy Statement with the SEC, (iv) such consents, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations and filings as may be required under applicable U.S. state securities Laws and (v) applicable requirements under rules and regulations under the NASDAQ Global Market (all of such filings, approvals, notices, consents, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations and notifications described in clauses (i) through (v) above, collectively, the Company Approvals), no notices, reports or other filings are required to be made by the Company with, nor are any consents, registrations, approvals, permits or authorizations required to be obtained by the Company from, any foreign or domestic governmental or regulatory authority (including self-regulatory authorities), agency, commission, body or other governmental entity, or any quasi-governmental or private body exercising any regulatory, taxing, importing or other governmental or quasi-governmental authority (Governmental Entity), in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby, except those that the failure to make or obtain would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably likely to result in a material liability to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(b) The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company do not, and the consummation by the Company of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby will not, constitute or result in (i) a breach or violation of, or a default under, the certificate of incorporation or by-laws of the Company or the equivalent governing instruments of any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) a breach or violation of, a termination (or right of termination) or a default under, or the acceleration of any obligations or the creation of a Lien on the assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) pursuant to, any agreement, lease, license, contract, note, mortgage, indenture, arrangement or other obligation, whether oral, written or otherwise (Contracts) binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, assuming all consents, approvals, authorizations and other actions described in Section 5.4(a) have been made or complied with, or any Laws or governmental or non-governmental permit or license to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is subject, or (iii) any change in the rights or obligations of any party under any of the Contracts, except, in the case of clause (ii) or (iii) above, for any conflict, breach, violation, termination, default, acceleration or creation that has not had, and would not reasonably be expected to have, a Company Material Adverse Effect. Section 5.4(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list of all notices, consents or waivers that are expressly required under the provisions of the Contracts referred to in Section 5.5(a)(i) or Contracts for Third Party Embedded Software (as defined below) or Third Party IP Licenses (as defined below) (other than software subject to open source or similar type license agreements) as a result of the Merger or other transactions contemplated by this Agreement or that are necessary to avoid the other party to any such Contract or Third Party IP License having a right to terminate or claim a breach of any such agreement as a result of the Merger or other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
5.5 Contracts.
(a) The term Company Material Contract means any of the following:
(i) any material contract (as such term is defined in Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K of the SEC) with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries;
(ii) any employment, service or consulting Contract or arrangement with any current or former executive officer or other employee of the Company or member of the Company Board, other than those that are terminable by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
13
on no more than 30 days notice without liability or financial obligation to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
(iii) any Contract between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and any current customer of the Company and its Subsidiaries (A) with respect to which the Company and its Subsidiaries recognized cumulative revenue during the twelve-month period ended October 31, 2006, in excess of one percent (1%) of the Companys consolidated revenue during that period (each such customer, a Major Customer, and each Contract referenced in this Section 5.5(a)(iii)(A), a Major Customer Contract), or (B) that contains any covenant of the Company granting any exclusivity rights or contains most favored customer pricing provisions;
(iv) any Contract between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and any current customer of the Company and its Subsidiaries that contains any (A) penalties for late delivery or breach of other performance obligations, or (B) penalties associated with repairs, returns or quality performance;
(v) any Contract between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and any supplier of goods, products or components (including software) and/or services with respect to which the Company and its Subsidiaries made cumulative expenditures during the twelve-month period ended October 31, 2006 greater than $50,000 (each such supplier, a Major Supplier, and each Contract referenced in this Section 5.5(a)(v), a Major Supplier Contract);
(vi) (A) any Contract between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and any sole source suppliers, or (B) original equipment manufacturer (OEM) Contracts, electronic manufacturing services (EMS) Contracts, original design and manufacturing supply (ODM) Contracts, third party logistics (3PL) Contracts, transportation Contracts, and other contract manufacturing Contracts, or any other Contract that licenses or otherwise authorizes any Person to design, manufacture, reproduce, develop or modify the products, services or technology of the Company and its Subsidiaries (other than agreements allowing internal backup copies to be made by end-user customers in the ordinary course of business);
(vii) Contracts (A) that contain any take or pay or volume commitment provisions binding the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (B) that contain provisions granting any rights of first refusal, rights of first negotiation or similar rights to any Person other than the Company in a manner which is material to the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole;
(viii) (A) any Contract containing any covenant limiting in any respect the right of the Company or any of its Affiliates to engage in any line of business, to compete with any Person in any line of business or to compete with any Person or the manner or locations in which any of them may engage, or (B) any Contract otherwise prohibiting or limiting the right of the Company or any of its Affiliates to make, sell or distribute any products or services or use, transfer, license, distribute or enforce any Intellectual Property (as defined below) rights of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
(ix) any Contract relating to the disposition or acquisition by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries after the date of this Agreement of a material amount of assets not in the ordinary course of business or pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has any material ownership interest in any other Person other than the Companys Subsidiaries (including, without limitation, joint venture, partnership or other similar agreements);
14
(x) any Contract which provides access to Company source code to any Person for all or any portion of any product of the Company or any Company Software (as defined below) in any circumstance;
(xi) any Contract or other arrangement constituting a direct financial obligation or off-balance sheet arrangement as defined under Item 2.03(c) and (d) in SEC Form 8-K (without regard to its materiality) and any other mortgages, indentures, guarantees, loans or credit agreements, security agreements or other Contracts relating to Indebtedness (as defined below) or extension of credit, other than accounts receivables and payables in the ordinary course of business;
(xii) any settlement agreement entered into by the Company or, to the extent possessed by or available to the Company, by any current or former executive officer within five (5) years prior to the date of this Agreement, other than (A) releases immaterial in nature or amount entered into with former employees or independent contractors of the Company in the ordinary course of business in connection with the routine cessation of such employees employment or independent contractors service arrangement with the Company, or (B) settlement agreements with Persons other than Government Entities for cash only (which has been paid) that do not exceed $50,000 as to such settlement;
(xiii) any Contract not described in clause (vi) above under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has (A) granted a license or other right to or under any Owned Intellectual Property or a sublicense or other right to or under any Third Party License (as defined below), in each case to any Person, other than to customers, distributors and other resellers in the ordinary course of business, or (B) assigned any material Intellectual Property or Third Party License to any Third Party (as defined below);
(xiv) any Contract under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received a Third Party License, but excluding generally commercially available, off-the-shelf software programs with a purchase price of less than $25,000;
(xv) any Contract not otherwise described in this Section 5.5(a) which has aggregate future sums due from the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in excess of $150,000 and is not terminable by the Company or any such Subsidiary (without penalty or payment) on ninety (90) or fewer days notice;
(xvi) any Contract (A) with any Affiliate of the Company (other than its Subsidiaries), (B) with investment bankers, financial advisors, attorneys, accountants or other advisors retained by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries involving payments by or to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of more than $50,000 on an annual basis, (C) providing for indemnification by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any Person, except for any such Contract that is (x) not material to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (y) entered into in the ordinary course of business, (D) containing a standstill or similar agreement pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries have agreed not to acquire assets or securities of another Person, or (E) relating to currency hedging or similar transactions.
(b) Section 5.5(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list (arranged in clauses corresponding to the clauses set forth in Section 5.5(a)) of all Company Material Contracts to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or bound by as of the date of this Agreement. A complete and accurate copy of each Company Material Contract has been made available to Parent
15
(including all amendments, modifications, extensions, renewals, guarantees or other Contracts with respect thereto).
(c) All Company Material Contracts are valid and binding and in full force and effect, except to the extent they have previously expired in accordance with their terms. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has violated in any material respect, and, to the knowledge of the Company, no other party to any of the Company Material Contracts has violated in any material respect any provision of, or committed or failed to perform any act which, with or without notice, lapse of time or both, would constitute a material default under the provisions of such Company Material Contract. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has, and, to the knowledge of the Company, no other party has, repudiated by oral or written notice to the Company any material provision of any Company Material Contract.
(d) During the last twelve (12) months, none of the Major Customers has terminated or failed to renew or informed the Company of any intention to materially reduce purchases under any of its Major Customer Contracts and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written notice of termination or such reduced purchases from any of the Major Customers.
(e) Section 5.5(e) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth each Major Supplier and the cumulative expenditures made by the Company and its Subsidiaries during the twelve-month period ended October 31, 2006, and (ii) any Major Supplier Contracts that materially deviate from the Companys standard form supplier contracts attached to Section 5.5(e) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, and describes in reasonable detail any such material deviations.
(f) The Company has made available to Parent a copy of each of the standard form Contracts currently in use by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (including, without limitation, end user, maintenance and reseller standard form Contracts) in connection with their respective businesses.
(g) Section 5.5(g) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list of all active vendors, resellers and distributors or similar Persons (including, without limitation, agents) through which the products of the Company and its Subsidiaries were marketed, sold or otherwise distributed during the twelve months preceding the date of this Agreement. Each reseller and distributor agreement of the Company and its Subsidiaries is terminable by the Company or its Subsidiary (without penalty or cost) upon 90 days or less notice.
5.6 SEC Filings; Financial Statements; Information Provided.
(a) The Company has filed all registration statements, forms, reports and other documents required to be filed by the Company with the SEC since January 1, 2003. All such registration statements, forms, reports and other documents (including those that the Company files up to the Closing), together with all certifications required pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related rules and regulations promulgated under or pursuant to such act (the Sarbanes-Oxley Act), are referred to as the Company SEC Reports. The Company SEC Reports (i) were or will be filed on a timely basis, (ii) at the time filed, complied, or will comply when filed, as to form in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as the case may be, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder applicable to such Company SEC Reports, and (iii) did not or will not at the time they were or are filed contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated in such Company SEC Reports or necessary in order to make the statements in such Company SEC Reports, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. No Subsidiary of the Company is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. The Company has
16
made available to Parent true, correct and complete copies of all correspondence between the SEC, on the one hand, and the Company and any of its Subsidiaries, on the other, since January 1, 2003, including (i) all SEC comment letters and responses to such comment letters by or on behalf of the Company, and (ii) any letters, complaints, or other documents from the SEC or any staff or office of the SEC informing the Company of any inquiry, claim or proceeding (formal, informal or otherwise) or request for documents or information, and all written responses thereto by or on behalf of the Company. To the knowledge of the Company, none of the Company SEC Reports is the subject of ongoing SEC review or outstanding SEC comment. There are no off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 2.03(d) of SEC Form 8-K with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that would be required to be reported or set forth in the Company SEC Reports or any such reports required to be filed in the future.
(b) Each of the consolidated financial statements (including, in each case, any related notes and schedules) contained or to be contained in or incorporated by reference in the Company SEC Reports, at the time filed or to be filed (i) complied or will comply as to form in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto and (ii) were or will be prepared in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved (except as may be indicated in the notes to such financial statements or, in the case of unaudited interim financial statements, as permitted by the SEC with respect to Form 10-Q under the Exchange Act). Each of the consolidated balance sheets (including, in each case, any related notes and schedules) contained or incorporated by reference in the Company SEC Reports, at the time filed, fairly presented in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and each of the consolidated statements of income and of changes in financial position contained or to be contained or incorporated by reference in the Company SEC Reports (including, in each case, any related notes and schedules) fairly presented the consolidated results of operations, retained earnings and changes in financial position, as the case may be, of the Company and its Subsidiaries for the periods set forth therein, except that the unaudited interim financial statements were subject to normal and recurring year-end adjustments.
(c) Except as and to the extent set forth on the consolidated balance sheet of the Company and the consolidated Subsidiaries as at December 31, 2005 (including the notes thereto and related management discussion and analysis) included in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any liability or obligation of any nature (whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise, and whether or not required to be disclosed), except for liabilities and obligations (i) incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, (ii) incurred in the ordinary course of business and in a manner consistent with past practice since December 31, 2005, or (iii) that have not had, and would not reasonably be expected to have, a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(d) The information to be supplied by or on behalf of the Company for inclusion in the proxy statement to be sent to the stockholders of the Company (the Proxy Statement) in connection with the Company Meeting (as defined below) will not, on the date it is first mailed to the stockholders of the Company or at the time of the Company Meeting, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated in the Proxy Statement or necessary in order to make the statements in the Proxy Statement, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading. The Proxy Statement will comply as to form in all material respects with the provisions of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder. The representations and warranties contained in this Section 5.6(d) will not apply to statements or omissions included in the Proxy Statement or any other filings made with the SEC based upon information furnished in writing to the Company by Parent or Merger Sub specifically for use in the Proxy Statement.
17
(e) The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting as required under Rule 13a-15(a) promulgated under the Exchange Act. Such disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2006, such internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2005, and the same are otherwise reasonably designed to comply with the respective definitions of such controls in Rule 13a-15(e) and (f). The Company has disclosed, based on its most recent evaluation prior to the date of this Agreement, to the Companys auditors and the audit committee of the Company Board (i) any significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect in any material respect the Companys ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information, and (ii) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Companys internal control over financial reporting. The Company has made available to Parent a summary of any such disclosure made by management to the Companys auditors and audit committee since January 1, 2004. Since January 1, 2004, no current or former employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has alleged to any of the senior officers of the Company or such Subsidiary that the Company or any Subsidiary has engaged in questionable or fraudulent accounting or auditing practices. No attorney representing the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, whether or not employed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, has reported evidence of a violation of securities Laws, breach of fiduciary duty or similar violation by the Company or any of its officers, directors, employees or agents to the Company Board or any of its committees or to any director, in his or her capacity as a director, or officer, in his or her capacity as an officer, of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(f) The Company and, to the knowledge of the Company, each of its officers and directors are in compliance with, and have complied, in each case in all material respects with (i) since the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act at the time that such provisions became effective, and (ii) since the date that the Company Common Stock has been listed on the NASDAQ Global Market (including, for such purpose, any predecessor national securities market), the applicable Marketplace Rules of the NASDAQ Global Market (and since any such listing date, the Company has not given or been required to give notice to the NASDAQ Global Market, and has not received notice from the NASDAQ Global Market, to the effect that the Company is or may be in violation of any of the applicable NASDAQ Marketplace Rules). There are no outstanding loans made by the Company or any of its Affiliates to any executive officer (as defined in Rule 3b-7 under the Exchange Act) or director of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company. Except as permitted by the Exchange Act, including Sections 13(k)(2) and (3), since the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, neither the Company nor any of its Affiliates has made, arranged or modified (in any material way) personal loans or extension of credit to any executive officer (as defined in Rule 3b-7 under the Exchange Act) or director of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company.
5.7 Absence of Certain Changes. From December 31, 2005 through the date of this Agreement (except with respect to clause (c) below), and from the date of this Agreement through the Closing Date (except for matters which have been expressly consented to by Parent in accordance with Section 7.1), as applicable, the Company and its Subsidiaries have conducted their respective businesses only in, and have not engaged in any material transaction other than according to, the ordinary and usual course of such businesses and, since such date, there has not been (a) any change in the financial condition, properties, business or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries or any development, circumstance or occurrence or combination which has had, or could reasonably be expected to have, a Company Material Adverse Effect (including any adverse change with respect to any development, circumstance or occurrence existing on or prior to such date), (b) any material damage,
18
destruction or other casualty loss with respect to any material asset or property owned, leased or otherwise used by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, whether or not covered by insurance or (c) any other action or event that would have required the consent of Parent under Section 7.1 of this Agreement.
5.8 Litigation and Liabilities.
(a) There are no (i) civil, criminal or administrative actions, suits, claims, hearings, investigations or proceedings (collectively, Actions) pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) judgments, orders or decrees outstanding against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (iii) other facts or circumstances which, to the knowledge of the Company, are reasonably expected to result in any material claims against, or material obligations or liabilities of, the Company or any of its Affiliates. There has not been since January 1, 2004, nor are there currently, any internal investigations, or inquiries reasonably expected to lead to a material internal investigation, being conducted by the Company Board (or any of its committees) or any Person at the request of the Company Board concerning any financial, accounting, Tax, conflict of interest, illegal activity, fraudulent or deceptive conduct or other misfeasance or malfeasance issues.
(b) The indemnification obligations of the Company (including, without limitation, advancement of expenses) with respect to any present or former directors, officers or employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries arising out of any past, pending or threatened proceedings or other events that have given rise to or may give rise to any indemnification obligations of the Company pursuant to any agreement, the certificate of incorporation or bylaws, as amended, of the Company, or any statute, are specified in Section 5.8(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule.
(c) Section 5.8(c)-1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth, in tabular form, a list of (i) all Contracts of the Company and its Subsidiaries relating to Indebtedness, currently outstanding or that could become outstanding in the future (but excluding intercompany amounts or capital leases), and (ii) the amount of such Indebtedness, including any accrued interest, as of the date of this Agreement. Section 5.8(c)-2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth the aggregate amount, calculated as of the date of this Agreement, of Indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries (including, for the avoidance of doubt and without limitation, any penalties, premiums, liquidated damages or similar amounts relating to any Indebtedness that may become due and payable as a result of the execution of this Agreement or the consummation of the Merger or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement) less the aggregate amount of cash and cash equivalents of the Company and its Subsidiaries (such difference, the Company Net Debt).
The term Indebtedness means, with respect to any Person, (A) all indebtedness of such Person, whether or not contingent, for borrowed money, (B) all obligations of such Person evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures or other similar instruments, (C) all Indebtedness of others referred to in clauses (A) and (B) guaranteed, directly or indirectly, in any manner by such Person, or in effect guaranteed directly or indirectly by such Person through a Contract (I) to pay or purchase such Indebtedness or to advance or supply funds for the payment or purchase of such Indebtedness, (B) to purchase, sell or lease (as lessee or lessor) property, or to purchase or sell services, primarily for the purpose of enabling the debtor to make payment of such Indebtedness or to assure the holder of such Indebtedness against loss, (C) to supply funds to or in any other manner invest in the debtor (including any agreement to pay for property or services irrespective of whether such property is received or such services are rendered), or (D) otherwise to assure a creditor against loss.
19
5.9 Employee Benefits.
(a) Section 5.9(a)-1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth all benefit and compensation plans, policies or arrangements, other than commission arrangements, currently maintained or contributed to by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any other entity, which together with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, is treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the Code (an ERISA Affiliate) (or in respect of which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any ERISA Affiliate has any outstanding liability) and covering current or former employees, independent contractors, consultants, or directors of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any ERISA Affiliate which are employee benefit plans within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (ERISA), and any other written plan, policy or arrangement (whether or not subject to ERISA) involving direct or indirect compensation, other than commission arrangements, currently maintained by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any ERISA Affiliate (or in respect of which the Company any of its Subsidiaries or any ERISA Affiliate has any outstanding liability) and covering current or former employees, independent contractors, consultants, or directors of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, including health or dental, vision or life insurance coverage, vacation, loans, fringe benefits, severance benefits, change in control plan or agreements, disability benefits, deferred compensation, bonuses, stock options, stock ownership or purchase, phantom stock, stock appreciation, stock based or other forms of incentive compensation, bonus or post-retirement compensation or benefits, other than the Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plans (as defined below) (collectively, such plans, policies and arrangements, the Company Benefit Plans). Complete and accurate copies of all Company Benefit Plans, any material amendments thereto, all summary plan descriptions (if required by ERISA), any summary of material modifications thereto (if required by ERISA), any all other descriptions furnished to participants in a Company Benefit Plan, and any benefits schedule, trust instruments, insurance contracts or other funding vehicle forming a part of any such Company Benefit Plans, the Annual Report (Form 5500 series) and applicable schedules, if any, for the most recent prior two years and opinions of independent accountants have been made available to Parent. Section 5.9(a)-2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule identifies each Company Benefit Plan which is a change in control plan or agreement of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and each employment or retention agreement of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and complete and accurate copies of the forms of each such plan, agreement, and any variations, have been made available to Parent. Since January 1, 2005, each Company Benefit Plan that is a nonqualified deferred compensation plan as defined in Section 409A of the Code has been operated in all material respects in good faith compliance with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code.
(b) All Company Benefit Plans are currently operated in substantial compliance with ERISA, the Code and other applicable Laws. Each Company Benefit Plan which is subject to ERISA (the Company ERISA Plans) that is an employee pension benefit plan within the meaning of Section 3(2) of ERISA (a Company Pension Plan) and that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code, has received a favorable determination letter, advisory letter or opinion letter from the Internal Revenue Service (the IRS), and the Company is not currently aware of any circumstances likely to result in the loss of the qualification of such Company Pension Plan under Section 401(a) of the Code. There is no voluntary employees beneficiary association within the meaning of Section 501(c)(9) of the Code which provides benefits under a Company Benefit Plan. To the knowledge of the Company, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in a transaction with respect to any Company ERISA Plan that is likely to subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for the current Taxable period to a Tax or penalty imposed by either Section 4975 of the Code or Section 502(i) of ERISA in an amount which would be material. To the knowledge of the Company, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has incurred or reasonably expects to incur a
20
material Tax or penalty imposed by Section 4980F of the Code or Section 502 of ERISA or any material liability under Section 4071 of ERISA.
(c) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries contributes to a multiemployer plan within the meaning of Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA or a plan that has two or more contributing sponsors at least two of whom are not under common control, within the meaning of Section 4063 of ERISA (a Multiemployer Plan). None of the Company Pension Plans has ever been subject to Title IV of ERISA.
(d) Except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, all contributions required to be made under each Company Benefit Plan, whether pursuant to applicable Laws or the terms of such Company Benefit Plan, have been timely made and all obligations in respect of each Company Benefit Plan have been properly accrued and reflected in the most recent consolidated balance sheet filed or incorporated by reference in the Company SEC Reports prior to the date of this Agreement.
(e) There is no material pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, litigation relating to the Company Benefit Plans. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any material obligations for retiree health benefits under any Company ERISA Plan or collective bargaining agreement. By its terms, other than as required under Section 4980B of the Code, the Company or its Subsidiaries may amend or terminate any such Company ERISA Plan at any time without incurring any liability thereunder other than in respect of claims incurred prior to such amendment or termination, and no summary plan description or other written communication distributed generally to participants or employees prohibits the Company or its Subsidiaries from amending or terminating any such Company Benefit Plan, other than as required under Section 4980B of the Code.
(f) There has been no amendment to, announcement by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries of any ERISA Affiliate relating to, or change in employee participation or coverage under, any Company Benefit Plan which would increase materially the expense of maintaining such plan above the level of the expense incurred therefor for the most recent fiscal year. Section 5.9(f) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list of all contracts, plans or arrangements obligating the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to pay severance to any current or former directors, employees, independent contractors or consultants (including, without limitation, outsourcing) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except for obligations pursuant to, required by or arising under applicable law. Except pursuant to retention or other agreements set forth in Section 5.9(a)-2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule or as otherwise set forth on the Company Disclosure Schedule, neither the execution of this Agreement, stockholder approval of this Agreement nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby (i) entitles any employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to severance pay or any increase in severance pay upon any termination of employment after the date of this Agreement, (ii) except as specifically contemplated in Sections 4.3 and 4.4, accelerates the time of payment or vesting or result in any payment or funding (through a grantor trust or otherwise) of compensation or benefits under, increase the amount payable or result in any other material obligation pursuant to, any of the Company Benefit Plans, or (iii) results in payments under any of the Company Benefit Plans which would not be deductible under Section 280G of the Code or which could subject the recipient to any excise Tax under Section 4999 of the Code.
(g) Except as could not be reasonably expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, with respect to each Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plan: (i) each such plan that is intended to be tax qualified or tax registered is so qualified or registered, and no action or failure to act on the part of any Subsidiary of the Company could reasonably be expected to cause the loss of such
21
qualification or registration; (ii) those Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plans that are required to be funded by a Subsidiary of the Company in a self-standing trust unique to such Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plan, and to which solely such Subsidiary contributes, are substantially funded, and with respect to other Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plan, adequate reserves have been established on the accounting statements of the applicable entity; and (iii) to the knowledge of the Company, there are no material pending claims or litigation relating to Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plans. Except pursuant to retention or other agreements set forth in Section 5.9(a)-2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, neither the execution of this Agreement, stockholder approval of this Agreement nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby (i) entitles any employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries who are employed outside of the United States to severance pay or any increase in severance pay upon any termination of employment after the date of this Agreement, (ii) except as specifically contemplated in Sections 4.3 and 4.4, accelerates the time of payment or vesting or result in any payment or funding (through a grantor trust or otherwise) of compensation or benefits under, increase the amount payable or result in any other material obligation pursuant to, any of the Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plans, (iii) except as disclosed in Section 5.9(a)-2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, limits or restricts the right of the Company or, after the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, Parent to merge, amend or terminate any of the Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plans, or (iv) results in payments under any of the Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plans which would not be deductible under Section 280G of the Code. For purposes of this Agreement, the term Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plan means any employment or consulting agreement or any plan, program, arrangement, agreement or commitment sponsored solely by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and not subject to the requirements of ERISA, the Code, or any Law of the United States or any of its political subdivisions, instrumentalities, or agencies providing any of the following benefits to any current or former employee, consultant or director of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries who does not reside in the United States: pension, retirement, savings, termination, retention, change in control, disability, medical, dental, accident, health or life insurance or other death benefits, profit sharing, stock option, restricted stock or other equity-based benefits, bonus or other incentive compensation, deferred compensation, severance, or other welfare benefit.
(h) All material contributions required to be made under each Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plan, whether pursuant to applicable Laws or the terms of such Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plan, have been timely made and all obligations in respect of each Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plan have been properly accrued and reflected in the most recent consolidated balance sheet filed or incorporated by reference in the Company SEC Reports prior to the date of this Agreement. The Company and its Subsidiaries have no material unfunded liabilities with respect to any such Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plan.
5.10 Compliance with Laws; Permits. The businesses of each of the Company and its Subsidiaries have been and are being, conducted in compliance with all applicable federal, state, local, municipal, foreign or other laws, statutes, constitutions, principles of common law, resolutions, ordinances, codes, edicts, rules, regulations, judgments, orders, rulings, injunctions, decrees, directives, arbitration awards, agency requirements, licenses and permits of all Governmental Entities (collectively, Laws) applicable to the Company or its Subsidiaries, except for violations or possible violations that (i) have not had, and would not reasonably be expected to have, a Company Material Adverse Effect and (ii) have not resulted, and are not reasonably likely to result in, the imposition of a criminal fine, penalty or sanction against the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective directors or officers. No (i) material investigation or review (for which the Company or one of its Subsidiaries has received notice) or (ii) other investigation or review (for which the Company or one of its Subsidiaries has received written notice) by any Governmental Entity with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, nor has any Governmental Entity (x) indicated to the Company or one of its Subsidiaries an intention to conduct any such material
22
investigation or review or (y) indicated in writing to the Company or one of its Subsidiaries an intention to conduct any other such investigation or review. The Company and its Subsidiaries each have all governmental permits, licenses, franchises, variances, exemptions, orders and other governmental authorizations, consents and approvals necessary to conduct its business as presently conducted (each, a Company Permit) except those the absence of which have not had, and would not reasonably be expected to have, a Company Material Adverse Effect. No Company Permit will cease to be effective as a result of the execution of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
5.11 Environmental Matters.
(a) Except for such matters that would not reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect: (i) the Company and its Subsidiaries have complied with all applicable Environmental Laws (as defined below) during the previous five (5) years; (ii) no property currently owned, leased or operated by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (including soils, groundwater, surface water, buildings or other structures) is contaminated with any Hazardous Substance (as defined below) as a result of the operations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, to the Companys knowledge, otherwise, that requires, or is reasonably expected to require, investigation, monitoring, contribution or other financial responsibility and/or remediation by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under applicable Environmental Laws; (iii) no property formerly owned or operated by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries was contaminated with any Hazardous Substance during or prior to such period of ownership or operation as a result of the operations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, to the Companys knowledge, otherwise, that requires, or is reasonably expected to require, investigation, monitoring, contribution or other financial responsibility and/or remediation by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under applicable Environmental Laws; (iv) to the Companys knowledge, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to liability for any Hazardous Substance disposal or contamination on any property of any other Person; (v) to the Companys knowledge, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has caused or could be held liable for any release or threat of release of any Hazardous Substance; (vi) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written notice, demand, letter, claim or request for information alleging that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries may be in violation of or subject to liability under any Environmental Law; (vii) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any order, decree, injunction or other arrangement with any Governmental Entity or any indemnity or other agreement with any Person pursuant to which it has assumed any liability or obligation under any Environmental Law; (viii) to the Companys knowledge, there are no other existing circumstances or conditions (including plans for modification or expansion which are the subject of an approved capital authorization request) involving the Companys or any of its Subsidiaries owned or leased properties or operations that are reasonably likely to result in any claim, liability, investigation, cost or restriction on the Companys or any of its Subsidiaries ownership, use or transfer of any property pursuant to any Environmental Laws; and (ix) the Company has delivered or made available to Parent copies of all Material Environmental Reports (as defined below), studies, assessments, soil or groundwater sampling data and other material environmental information in its possession relating to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective current and former properties or operations which were prepared within the last five years.
The term (x) Material Environmental Reports means any reports generated by any third party consultants or experts, including any due diligence reports prepared under the ASTM standards and any reports submitted to any Governmental Entity within the last five years, (y) Environmental Law means any applicable federal, state, local or foreign statute, Law, regulation, order, decree, permit, authorization, opinion, directive, common law or agency requirement relating to: (A) the protection, investigation or restoration of the environment, health as it relates to exposure to Hazardous Substances, safety, or natural
23
resources, (B) the handling, use, presence, disposal, release or threatened release of any Hazardous Substance, (C) noise, odor, indoor air, worker safety and health, wetlands, pollution or contamination, or any injury or threat of injury to Persons or property relating to any Hazardous Substance, or (D) the labeling, packaging, takeback or recycling of products or the manufacturing of products, and (z) Hazardous Substance means any substance that is listed, classified or regulated pursuant to any Environmental Law, including any petroleum product or by-product, asbestos-containing material, lead, polychlorinated biphenyls, radioactive material or radon.
(b) The products of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries sold or otherwise made available in the EU market comply in all material respects with the Restrictions on the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (2002/95/EC) Directive, and the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (2002/96/EC) Directive, to the extent such directives and/or any legislation enacted or implemented thereunder by applicable European Union member nations are applicable to such products.
5.12 Taxes. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries (a) have prepared in good faith and duly and timely filed (taking into account any extension of time within which to file) all Tax Returns (as defined below) required to be filed by any of them and all such filed Tax Returns are complete and accurate in all material respects, (b) have paid or accrued for all Taxes that are required to be paid as shown in such Tax Returns or that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are obligated to withhold from amounts owing to any employee, creditor or other Person, (c) except with respect to matters contested in good faith, and (d) have not waived any statute of limitations with respect to Taxes or agreed to any extension of time with respect to a Tax assessment or deficiency. There are not pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, any audits, examinations, investigations or other proceedings in respect of Taxes or Tax matters. The Company has made available to Parent correct and complete copies of the income Tax Returns filed by the Company and its Subsidiaries for each of their respective Taxable years ending in 2005, 2004 and 2003. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liability with respect to income, franchise or similar Taxes in excess of the amounts accrued with respect thereto that are reflected in the financial statements (as of the dates thereof) included in the Company SEC Reports filed on or prior to the date of this Agreement. None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has any liability for Taxes of any Person other than members of the tax consolidated group of which the Company is the common parent. None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries was the distributing corporation or the controlled corporation in a distribution intended to qualify under Section 355(a) of the Code. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in any transaction that is the same as, or substantially similar to, a transaction which is a reportable transaction for purposes of §1.6011-4(b) (including without limitation any transaction which the IRS has determined to be a listed transaction for purposes of §1.6011-4(b)(2)). None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in a transaction of which it made disclosure to any taxing authority to avoid penalties. None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has participated in a tax amnesty or similar program offered by any Tax authority to avoid the assessment of penalties or other additions to Tax.
The term (i) Tax (including, with correlative meaning, the terms Taxes, and Taxable) means all federal, state, local and foreign income, profits, franchise, gross receipts, environmental, customs duty, capital stock, severances, stamp, payroll, sales, employment, unemployment, disability, use, property, withholding, excise, production, value added, occupancy and other taxes, duties or assessments of any nature whatsoever, together with all interest, penalties and additions imposed with respect to such amounts and any interest in respect of such penalties and additions, and (ii) Tax Return means all returns and reports (including elections, declarations, disclosures, schedules, estimates and information returns) required to be supplied to a Tax authority relating to Taxes.
24
5.13 Employees; Independent Contractors.
(a) The Company has provided to Parent a list of all employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries immediately before the Effective Time (Employees) (anonymized if appropriate), along with the position, date of hire and the annual rate of compensation of each such person (including salary or, with respect to Employees compensated on an hourly or per diem basis, the hourly or per diem rate of compensation and estimated or target annual incentive compensation, promised or contemplated increases in compensation, promised or contemplated promotions, accrued but unused sick and vacation leave and service credited for purposes of vesting and eligibility to participate under any Company Benefit Plans or Company Non-U.S. Benefit Plans), and has identified any Employees who are on a Company-approved leave of absence and the type of such approved leave. Each such Employee has entered into a confidentiality and assignment of inventions agreement with the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company in the form set forth in Section 5.13(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule.
(b) The Company has provided to Parent a list of all independent contractors (anonymized if appropriate) performing services or under contract to perform future services for the Company or any of its Subsidiaries immediately before the Effective Time along with the start date, type of services, estimated completion date, payment rate, and limits on termination, if any, of each such person. The Company and its Subsidiaries have properly classified all such independent contractors under applicable Law.
(c) To the knowledge of the Company, no employee identified on Section 5.13(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule under the heading Key Employee has any plans to terminate employment with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(d) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to or bound by any collective bargaining agreement, works council or representative of any employee group, or otherwise required to bargain with any union, works council or representative of any employee group, nor has any of them experienced within the last twenty-four months any strikes or other industrial actions, grievances, claims of unfair labor practices, or other collective bargaining disputes or trade disputes. No organizational effort has been made or threatened by or on behalf of any labor union (which includes any application or request for recognition) within the last twenty-four months with respect to any employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. There is no union, works council or representative of any employee group that must be notified, consulted or with which negotiations need to be conducted in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(e) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has committed any unfair labor practice or violated any applicable Laws, including foreign Laws, their own policies, including handbooks, work rules, or internal regulations, within the last twenty-four months relating to employment or employment practices or termination of employment, including, without limitation, those relating to wages and hours, including overtime, rest and meal periods, discrimination in employment, occupational health and safety, fair employment practices, terms and conditions of employment, equal employment opportunity, benefits, workers compensation, and collective bargaining, including any applicable foreign national collective bargaining agreement. There is no pending or threatened charge or complaint against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries involving any employment matter, including any charge or complaint before the National Labor Relations Board, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, or any comparable state, local, or foreign agency. All Employees have been properly classified as exempt or non-exempt in accordance with applicable Laws.
(f) The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with the Fair Credit Reporting Act and state and applicable foreign counterparts.
25
(g) The Company has an Injury and Illness Prevention Program, for its California locations, as required by California Law, and has complied all requirements, including with respect to recordkeeping, under applicable Law.
(h) The Company has a policy and practice of distributing the California Department of Fair Employment and Housing pamphlet Sexual Harassment is Forbidden by Law (DFEH-185) or the equivalent to all California employees.
(i) Neither the Company, any director or officer of the Company, nor any immediate family members of any director or officer, owns directly or indirectly, individually or collectively, any interest in any Person (other than securities in publicly traded companies held for passive investment and comprising less than 1% of the outstanding stock of such company) which is in a business similar or competitive to the businesses of the Company or which has any existing undisclosed contractual relationship with the Company.
(j) The Company and its Subsidiaries have properly paid all wages and salaries and employment Taxes (including social security taxes and other payroll taxes and including any share owed by the employer and any share that the Company and its Subsidiaries were required to withhold from the compensation paid to Employees) and are not liable for any penalties or arrears, except for any arrears that would exist in the ordinary course of business and would be in compliance with applicable Law.
(k) All Employees are authorized and have appropriate documentation to work in the countries in which they are assigned and the Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all applicable immigration laws.
(l) To the knowledge of the Company, no former or current employee, consultant, or contractor of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of any agreement with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries relating to inventions, competition, solicitation or confidentiality.
(m) The Company and its Subsidiaries have not experienced a layoff or plant closing within the last twelve months that would give rise to liability under the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act or any similar state, local or foreign law or regulation.
(n) The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with their affirmative action obligations, including but not limited to recordkeeping and monitoring requirements. The Company and its Subsidiaries are taking good faith compliance efforts to address any underutilization in the workplace.
5.14 Insurance.
(a) The Company and its Subsidiaries maintain insurance coverage reasonably adequate for the operation of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries (taking into account the cost and availability of such insurance). Since January 1, 2004, no insurer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has (i) cancelled or invalidated any insurance policy of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) refused any coverage or rejected any material claim under any such insurance policy, and each such insurance policy is in full force and effect and all premiums due with respect to all such insurance policies have been paid.
(b) Section 5.14(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth (i) the policy limits of the applicable directors and officers liability insurance of the Company and its subsidiary, Copper Mountain Networks, Inc., with respect to the litigation matters described in Section 5.8(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule and (ii) the amounts of coverage remaining under the insurance policies described in the preceding clause (i).
5.15 Intellectual Property.
(a) Section 5.15(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth, for the Owned Intellectual Property (as defined below), a correct and complete list of: (i) all issued Patents (as defined
26
below) and Patent applications filed with the applicable Governmental Entity, except those that have been abandoned by the Company (including any abandonment due to a failure to timely submit any required filing, payment or response to such Governmental Entity) or otherwise lapsed; (ii) registered Trademarks (as defined below) and Trademarks for which registrations have been applied for, except for those that have been abandoned by the Company (including any abandonment due to a failure to timely submit any required filing, payment or response to such Governmental Entity) or otherwise lapsed; (iii) domain name registrations for domain names currently in use by the Company; and (iv) registered Copyrights (as defined below) and Copyrights for which registrations have been applied for that have been abandoned by the Company (including any abandonment due to a failure to timely submit any required filing, payment or response to such Governmental Entity) or otherwise lapsed; indicating for each of the foregoing (i)-(iv), the applicable jurisdiction, registration number (or application number) and date issued (or date filed). The Company and its Subsidiaries exclusively own, free and clear of all Liens, all right, title and interest in the Owned Intellectual Property, except for (A) rights licensed to Third Parties by the Company or by any Subsidiary, and (B) statutory liens for taxes due and payable.
(b) All Owned Intellectual Property listed in Section 5.15(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule is, except as otherwise noted thereon: (i) currently in compliance in all material respects with all applicable application, registration, use and maintenance requirements of the applicable Governmental Entities; and (ii) not subject to any maintenance or other fees or actions falling due within ninety (90) days after the Closing Date. To the knowledge of the Company, no Company owned registered Trademark and no Company owned Trademark for which registration has been applied for is currently involved in any opposition or cancellation proceeding. The Company has not received any written notice that any such proceeding is being (or has been) instituted or threatened with respect to any such Trademarks. To the knowledge of the Company, there are no Third Party owned Trademarks potentially conflicting with any Company owned registered Trademark or Trademark for which the Company has applied for registration. To the knowledge of the Company, no issued Patent or Patent application within the Owned Intellectual Property is currently involved in any interference, reissue, re-examination, invalidation or opposition proceeding. The Company has not received any written notice that any such proceeding is being (or has been) instituted or threatened with respect to any such Patent. The Company has not received any written notice of any potentially interfering Patents of any Third Party (as provided under 35 U.S.C. 135). With respect to issued Patents within the Owned Intellectual Property, the Company does not have knowledge of any information that, if true, would reasonably be expected to constitute grounds on which such Patent could be found invalid or unenforceable.
(c) Section 5.15(c)-1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list of any and all Third Party Software Licenses (other than for Off-The Shelf Software (as defined below)), indicating for each Contract the title, the parties, date executed, whether or not it is exclusive, and the type or nature of the Software provided thereunder (e.g. products, tools, utilities, modules, libraries, etc.). Section 5.15(c)-2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list of all material Third Party Embedded Software (as defined below). Company has identified in Section 5.15(c)-1, Section 5.15(c)-2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, for each Contract listed thereon, all royalties, honoraria or other fees (if any) that will become due or payable thereunder within five (5) months after the date of this Agreement.
(d) Section 5.15(d) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list of any and all Contracts in effect as of the date of this Agreement pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has been granted or otherwise receives any right to use, exercise or practice any right under any material Intellectual Property (as defined below) (excluding Third Party Software Licenses and excluding non-disclosure agreements relating to Intellectual Property of Third
27
Parties disclosed to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries), indicating for each such Contract the title, the parties, date executed, whether or not it is exclusive and a general description of the Intellectual Property covered thereby (the Third Party IP Licenses and, together with the Third Party Software Licenses, the Third Party Licenses). Subject to the restrictions, if any, set forth in the applicable Third Party Licenses, the Company and its Subsidiaries have valid and enforceable rights to use all such Intellectual Property licensed to the Company as covered by the Third Party Licenses. Company has identified in Section 5.15(d) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, for each Contract listed thereon, all royalties, honoraria or other fees (if any) that will become due or payable thereunder within five (5) months after the date of this Agreement.
(e) No Third Party has challenged in writing to Company the Companys ownership, use, validity or enforceability of any of the Owned Intellectual Property. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries have licensed or otherwise authorized any Third Party to make, have made, sell, copy, distribute, modify, reverse engineer, or prepare derivatives of any Owned Intellectual Property (other than Copyrights in Company Software, which is addressed in the last sentence of Section 5.15(h) below) except pursuant to a written agreement.
(f) To the knowledge of the Company, the conduct of the Companys business as currently conducted does not infringe upon any Intellectual Property rights of any Third Party. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received written notice from any Third Party containing any allegation that the conduct of the Companys business infringes upon, violates or constitutes the unauthorized use of the Intellectual Property rights of any Third Party. No Third Party has notified the Company or any of the Companys Subsidiaries in writing that (i) any of such Third Partys Intellectual Property rights are infringed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (ii) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries requires a license to any of such Third Partys Intellectual Property rights. Further, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any unsolicited written offer to license (or any other notice of) any of such Third Partys Intellectual Property rights.
(g) To the knowledge of the Company, no Third Party is misappropriating, infringing, or violating any Owned Intellectual Property. No such claims have been brought or threatened in writing during the six (6) year period prior to the date hereof against any Third Party by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(h) Section 5.15(h) of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a complete and accurate list of all Company Software that is distributed by the Company as a stand alone software product, other than updates, upgrades and bug fixes distributed by the Company. Each of the Company Software was either (i) created solely by (A) employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries within the scope of their employment who have executed a confidentiality and assignment of inventions agreement in a form substantially similar to the agreement set forth in Section 5.13 of the Company Disclosure Schedule (Employee Assignment Agreements), and/or (B) independent contractors who have assigned their rights to the Company or its Subsidiaries pursuant to written agreements (Contractor Assignment Agreements), or (ii) acquired pursuant to a written assignment from the original author(s) or subsequent assignees (which may include, without limitation, an acquisition of such Intellectual Property in the course of an acquisition or merger). Neither the Company, nor any of its Subsidiaries have licensed or otherwise authorized any Third Party to copy, distribute, modify, decompile, or prepare derivatives of any Company Software except pursuant to a written license agreement.
(i) All material registered Trademarks of the Company and its Subsidiaries within the Owned Intellectual Property that are currently in use by the Company or its Subsidiaries have been in continuous use by the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company (to the extent continuous use is
28
required under applicable law to maintain the validity and enforceability of such Trademarks). To the knowledge of the Company, there has been no prior use of any such Trademarks or other action taken by any Third Party that would confer upon such Third Party superior rights in such Trademarks.
(j) The Copyrights within the Owned Intellectual Property that are currently in use by the Company or its Subsidiaries have been (i) created solely by (A) employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries within the scope of their employment who have executed an Employee Assignment Agreement, and/or (B) independent contractors who have assigned their rights to the Company or its Subsidiaries pursuant to a Contractor Assignment Agreement, or (ii) acquired pursuant to a written assignment from the original author(s) or subsequent assignees (which may include, without limitation, an acquisition of such Intellectual Property in the course of an acquisition or merger). To the knowledge of the Company, the works covered by such Copyrights were not copies of, nor derived from, any work for which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries does not own the Copyrights, and to the knowledge of the Company, no other Person has any claim to authorship or ownership of any part thereof.
(k) The Patents within the Owned Intellectual Property claim inventions (i) created solely by (A) employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries within the scope of their employment who have executed an Employee Assignment Agreement, and/or (B) independent contractors who have assigned their rights to the Company or its Subsidiaries pursuant to a Contractor Assignment Agreement; or (ii) acquired from the original inventor(s) or subsequent assignees pursuant to a written agreement (which may include, without limitation, an acquisition of such Intellectual Property in the course of an acquisition or merger). The inventors named in the issued Patents and Patent applications are the sole inventors of the inventions claimed therein. The Company has not received any written notice from a Third Party that claims inventorship or ownership of any part thereof. There are no Contracts with independent contractors or other Third Parties (other than Company employees in their capacity as such) that have been engaged with the Company within the two (2) year period preceding the Closing Date and that have contributed to the development of Owned Intellectual Property or Company Software. Section 5.15(k) of the Company Disclosure Schedule further sets forth a complete and accurate list of all Contracts with Third Parties (other than Company employees in their capacity as such), other than Contractor Assignment Agreements, pursuant to which the Company has acquired (e.g., through asset purchase or merger) the rights to any Owned Intellectual Property or Company Software within the five (5) year period preceding the Closing Date.
(l) The Company and, to the knowledge of the Company, its Subsidiaries have taken all reasonable steps (in each case, in light of the sensitivity and importance of the subject matter) to protect their respective rights in confidential information and trade secrets used in connection with the conduct of the Companys business. Without limiting the foregoing, the Company and its Subsidiaries have used reasonable efforts to enforce a policy of requiring each employee, consultant, contractor and potential business partner with access to material confidential information or material trade secrets to execute proprietary information and confidentiality agreements substantially consistent with the Companys standard forms (complete and current copies of which have been delivered or made available). Except under written confidentiality agreements, to the knowledge of the Company, there has been no material disclosure of any confidential information or trade secrets used in connection with the conduct of the Companys business.
(m) The Company and its Subsidiaries have valid registrations for each of the domain names set forth in Section 5.15(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule. The registration of each such domain name is in full force and effect. The Company has paid all fees required to maintain each such registration. To the knowledge of the Company, none of the Companys registrations or uses of the domain names has been placed on hold by any Governmental Entity or other domain name
29
registrar. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received written notice of any claim asserted against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries adverse to its rights to such domain names.
(n) None of the Company Software is, in whole or in part, subject to the provision of any written open source agreement or other type of license agreement or distribution model agreement that (i) requires the distribution or making available of the source code for the Company Software, (ii) prohibits or limits the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from charging a fee or receiving consideration in connection with sublicensing or distributing any Company Software, (iii) except as specifically permitted by Law, grants any right to any Third Party (other than the Company and its Subsidiaries) or otherwise allows any such Third Party to decompile, disassemble or otherwise reverse-engineer any Company Software, or (iv) requires the licensing of any Company Software for the purpose of making derivative works (any such open source or other type of license agreement or distribution model described in clause (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) above, a Limited License). By way of clarification, but not limitation, the term Limited License includes (A) GNUs General Public License (GPL) or Lesser/Library GPL (LGPL), (B) the Artistic License (e.g., PERL), (C) the Mozilla Public License, (D) the Netscape Public License, (E) the Sun Community Source License (SCSL), and (F) the Sun Industry Standards License (SISL). None of the Company Software incorporates, or is distributed with, any Software that is subject to a Limited License, nor does any Company Software constitute a derivative work of, dynamically link with or otherwise interact with any such Software.
(o) No government funding, facilities of a university, college, other educational institution or research center, was used in the creation or development of the Owned Intellectual Property or Company Software. To the knowledge of the Company, no current or former employee, consultant or independent contractor, in each case who was involved in, or who contributed to, the creation or development of any Owned Intellectual Property or Company Software, has performed services for any Governmental Entity, a university, college, or other educational institution, or a research center, during a period of time during which such employee, consultant or independent contractor was also performing services used in the creation or development of the Owned Intellectual Property or Company Software. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries are party to any contract, license or agreement with any Governmental Entity that grants to such Governmental Entity any right or license with respect to the Owned Intellectual Property or Company Software, other than as granted in the ordinary course of business pursuant to a non-exclusive license to any Company Software.
(p) The Company Software functions and operates in all material respects in accordance with its documentation and specifications. The Company Software has been documented in accordance with industry standard practices. The Company has actual and sole possession of the complete source code of the Company Software. No event has occurred, and no circumstance or condition exists, that (with or without notice or lapse of time) will, or could reasonably be expected to result in the disclosure or delivery to any Third Party of any source code for the Company Software. The Company Software (as used or distributed by Company or its Subsidiaries) does not contain any back door, time bomb, Trojan horse, worm, drop dead device, virus (as these terms are commonly used in the computer software industry), or other software routines or hardware components intentionally designed to permit unauthorized access, to disrupt, disable or erase software, hardware, or data, or to perform any other similar type of unauthorized activities.
(q) For the purposes of this Agreement:
(i) The term Company Software means Software that it is owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and as of the date of this Agreement is being sold, licensed,
30
leased or otherwise distributed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or that, as of the date of this Agreement, is subject of any maintenance or support obligation or any warranty.
(ii) The term Copyrights means (A) any rights in original works of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression as set forth in the United States Copyright Act, 17 U.S.C. §101 et. seq. and any rights in mask works, registered and unregistered, as defined in 17 U.S.C. §901, (B) all registrations and applications to register the foregoing anywhere in the world, (C) all foreign counterparts and analogous rights anywhere in the world, and (D) all rights in and to any of the foregoing;
(iii) The term Intellectual Property means any and all (A) Copyrights, Trademarks, and Patents and all rights to obtain and rights to apply for Patents, and to register Trademarks and Copyrights, (B) ideas, innovations, inventions (whether or not patentable, reduced to practice, or the subject of an application for Patent), know-how and show-how, trade secrets, and confidential technical and non-technical information, (C) moral rights, authors rights, and rights of publicity, (D) all other industrial, proprietary and intellectual property related rights anywhere in the world, and all renewals and extensions of any of the foregoing, regardless of whether or not such rights have been registered with the appropriate authorities in such jurisdictions in accordance with the relevant legislation, (E) all rights under the Third Party Licenses and any licenses, registered user agreements, technology or materials, transfer agreements, and other agreements or instruments, and (F) all rights in and to any of the foregoing, including the right to sue, recover, and retain damages, costs, and attorneys fees for past and present infringement or misappropriation of any of the foregoing;
(iv) The term Owned Intellectual Property means Intellectual Property owned by the Company and its Subsidiaries;
(v) The term Patents means (A) all classes and types of patents (including national and multinational statutory invention registrations, utility models, petty patents, design patents and industrial designs) and the inventions covered thereby and any enhancements or improvements thereto (including the exclusive right to use, make, have made, sell, offer to sell and import the inventions), (B) provisional patent applications, patent applications, continuations, continuations-in-part, divisionals or substitutes of the original applications upon which the any of foregoing patent rights are based, (C) any reexaminations, reissues, renewals or extensions of any of the foregoing, (D) foreign counterparts (including national and multinational) of any of the foregoing, and (E) all rights in and to any of the foregoing;
(vi) The term Off-The-Shelf Software means Software that is (A) generally commercially available and licensed on a non-exclusive basis on standard terms and conditions, (B) licensed for an annual cost of less than Ten Thousand Dollars ($10,000.00) per copy, and (C) not incorporated in or distributed with any product of the Company (or any of its Subsidiaries).
(vii) The term Software means all computer programs and systems, whether embodied in software, firmware or otherwise, including, software compilations, software implementations of algorithms, software tool sets, compilers, and software models and methodologies (regardless of the stage of development or completion), all related documentation, and all other material related to such software and including any and all (A) forms in which any of the foregoing is embodied (whether in source code, object code, executable code or human readable form), and (B) translation, ported versions and modifications of any of the foregoing;
31
(viii) The term Third Party Embedded Software means Software of any Third Party that is licensed to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under a Third Party Software License, which Software is contained or embedded in any Company products or otherwise distributed in connection with such products, and expressly excluding Software that is embedded by any Third Party in chips, modules or other hardware product components purchased by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from such Third Parties and not the subject of any Third Party Software License;
(ix) The term Third Party Software Licenses means Contracts in effect as of the date of this Agreement pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has been granted or otherwise receives any right to use, reproduce or distribute the Software of any Third Party; and
(x) The term Trademarks means (A) all classes and types of trademarks, service marks, logos, trade dress and trade names, and other indicia of commercial source or origin, (B) registrations and pending applications to register any of the foregoing including any intent to use applications, supplemental registrations and any renewals or extensions, (C) foreign counterparts of any of the foregoing anywhere in the world, and (D) all rights in and to any of the foregoing.
5.16 Owned and Leased Properties.
(a) The Company and its Subsidiaries do not currently own any real property in fee simple.
(b) Section 5.16(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list as of the date of this Agreement of all real property leased or subleased by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with space in excess of 5,000 square feet (the Leased Real Property), together with a true and complete list of all leases (including the parties thereto, date and address of the real property covered the leases), lease guaranties, subleases, licenses, and or any other agreements for the leasing, use or occupancy of the Leased Real Property with space in excess of 5,000 square feet, entered into by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, including all amendments, terminations and modifications (each, a Company Lease). The Company is currently occupying all of its Leased Real Property and none of such Leased Real Property is currently vacant. The Company has made available to Parent complete and accurate copies of all Company Leases.
(c) With respect to each Company Lease: (i) the tenant under the Company Lease, if the Company or one of its Subsidiaries (Tenant), has not received or given any notice of any material default or event that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default by the Tenant under the Company Lease for which such Company Lease could be terminated and, to the knowledge of the Company, no other party is in material default and no party to the Company Lease has exercised any termination rights with respect thereto as a result of an event of default; (ii) neither the Tenant nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any other party has repudiated material provision of any Company Lease; (iii) neither Tenant nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any other party to the Company Lease, is engaged in any material dispute, oral agreement or forbearance program with respect to the Company Lease which could have a material adverse effect on the rights or obligations of the Tenant under the Company Lease; (iv) the Tenant has not subleased, assigned, transferred, conveyed, mortgaged, granted a deed of trust or encumbered its leasehold interest in the Leased Real Property subject to the Company Lease; (v) the monthly rent and all other charges due and payable by the Tenant under such Company Lease have been paid through the respective dates such amounts are due thereunder; (vi) all facilities leased under the Company Leases are connected to utilities necessary
32
for the operation of said facilities as used by the Tenant; (vii) there are no parties (other than the Company and its Subsidiaries) in possession of such Leased Real Property; (viii) the Tenant has not received written notice of, nor does the Company have knowledge of, any pending or threatened, condemnation proceedings, lawsuits or administrative actions relating to Leased Real Property subject to the Company Lease; (ix) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries owes any brokerage commissions with respect to any Leased Real Property; and (x) all real estate taxes and assessments owed by the Tenant which are due and payable under the terms of the Company Leases with respect to the Leased Real Property have been paid in accordance with the terms of the Company Leases.
(d) The Company has not received any notice of any special tax assessment affecting any Leased Real Property which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is responsible for paying under the terms of a Company Lease and, to the knowledge of the Company, no such assessments are pending or threatened.
(e) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries, as applicable, has good and marketable title to, or valid leasehold interests in, all of its material tangible personal properties, except for (i) such tangible assets and properties which are consumed or disposed of in the ordinary course of business, (ii) Permitted Liens and (iii) any other defects in title, easements, restrictive covenants and other encumbrances of any nature that have not had, and could not reasonably be expected to have, a Company Material Adverse Effect. All such material tangible personal properties are free and clear of all Liens, except for (A) Liens for Taxes which are not yet due and payable or delinquent or that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, (B) Liens for assessments and other governmental charges or Liens of landlords, carriers, warehousemen, mechanics and repairmen incurred in the ordinary course of business, in each case for sums not yet due and payable or due but not delinquent or being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, (C) Liens incurred in the ordinary course of business in connection with workers compensation, unemployment insurance and other types of social security or to secure the performance of tenders, statutory obligations, surety and appeal bonds, bids, leases, government contracts, performance and return of money bonds and similar obligations, (D) Liens that do not materially interfere with the conduct of the Companys business and do not materially adversely affect the present use or value of the Companys assets, (E) such other imperfections or irregularities in title, charges, easements, survey exceptions, leases, subleases and other occupancy agreements, reciprocal easement agreements, restrictions and other encumbrances on title that do not materially interfere with the conduct of the Companys business and do not materially adversely affect the present use by the Company and its Subsidiaries, (F) Liens relating to any debt or liabilities, including any contingent liabilities, that are reflected on the most recent consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries, (G) such other exceptions to or imperfections in title, charges, easements, covenants, conditions, restrictions and encumbrances which do not materially interfere with the present use of any property subject thereto or affected thereby and (H) Liens consented to in writing pursuant to Section 7.1 by Parent (such Liens set forth in clauses (A) through (H) constituting, Permitted Liens).
5.17 Government Contracts. With respect to each Contract, if any, between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any Governmental Entity, on the other hand, and each outstanding bid, quotation or proposal by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (each, a Bid) that if accepted or awarded could lead to a Contract between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any Governmental Entity, on the other hand (each such Contract or Bid, a Company Government Contract), and each Contract, if any, between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any prime contractor or upper-tier subcontractor, on the other hand, relating to a Contract between such person and any Governmental Entity, and each outstanding Bid that if accepted or awarded could lead to a Contract between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and a
33
prime contractor or upper-tier subcontractor, on the other hand, relating to a Contract between such person and any Governmental Entity (each such Contract or Bid, a Company Government Subcontract):
(a) There are no Company Government Contracts or Company Government Subcontracts (other than Bids).
(b) There is no material action, suit, claim or proceeding pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, in connection with any Company Government Contract or Company Government Subcontract, against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries alleging fraud or under the United States False Claims Act, the United States Procurement Integrity Act or the United States Truth in Negotiations Act. Neither the Company, any Company Subsidiary nor any cost incurred by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pertaining to a Company Government Contract or Company Government Subcontract is the subject of any audit or, to the knowledge of the Company, investigation or has been disallowed by any Governmental Entity, except any investigation, audit or disallowance (i) that, individually or in the aggregate, is not reasonably likely to result in a material liability to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (ii) which commenced more than three (3) years before the date of this Agreement and is closed.
(c) To the knowledge of the Company, the Company and its Subsidiaries have complied in all material respects with all requirements of the Company Government Contracts or Company Government Subcontracts and any material Law relating to the safeguarding of, and access to, classified information. The Company is not aware of any facts that are reasonably likely to give rise to the revocation of any security clearance of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
5.18 Import and Export Control Laws. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries has at all times as to which the applicable statute of limitations has not yet expired, conducted its import and export transactions materially in accordance with (I) all applicable U.S. import, export and re-export controls, including the United States Export Administration Act and Regulations and Foreign Assets Control Regulations and (II) all other applicable import/export controls in other countries in which the Company conducts material business. Without limiting the foregoing:
(a) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries has obtained, and is in material compliance with, all material export licenses, license exceptions and other consents, notices, waivers, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations, classifications and filings with any Governmental Entity required for (i) the export and re-export of products, services, software and technologies and (ii) releases of technologies and software to foreign nationals located in the United States and abroad (Export Approvals);
(b) There are no pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened claims against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to such Export Approvals;
(c) To the knowledge of the Company, there are no actions, conditions or circumstances pertaining to the Companys or any of its Subsidiaries import or export transactions that may give rise to any future claims;
(d) No Export Approvals for the transfer of export licenses to Parent or the Surviving Corporation are required, or such Export Approvals can be obtained expeditiously without material cost;
34
(e) None of the Company, its Subsidiaries or any of their respective Affiliates is a party to any Contract or bid with, or has conducted business with (directly or, to the knowledge of the Company, indirectly), a Person located in, or otherwise has any operations in, or sales to, Cuba, Myanmar (Burma), Iran, Iraq, North Korea, Libya, Rwanda, Syria or Sudan;
(f) Since January 1, 2004, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received written notice to the effect that a Governmental Entity claimed or alleged that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries was not in compliance in a material respect with any applicable Laws relating to the export of goods and services to any foreign jurisdiction against which the United States or the United Nations maintains sanctions or export controls, including applicable regulations of the United States Department of Commerce and the United States Department of State; and
(g) None of the Company, its Subsidiaries or any of their respective Affiliates has made any voluntary disclosures to, or has been subject to any fines, penalties or sanctions from, any Governmental Entity regarding any past import or export control violations.
5.19 Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (including any of their officers, directors, agents, distributors, employees or other Person associated with or acting on their behalf) has, directly or indirectly, taken any action which would cause it to be in material violation of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, or any rules or regulations thereunder or any similar anti-corruption or anti-bribery Laws applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in any jurisdiction other than the United States (collectively, the FCPA), or, to the knowledge of the Company, used any corporate funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity, made, offered or authorized any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees, whether directly or indirectly, or made, offered or authorized any bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other similar unlawful payment, whether directly or indirectly, except for any of the foregoing which is no longer subject to potential claims of violation as a result of the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations. The Company has established reasonable internal controls and procedures intended to ensure compliance with the FCPA and made available to Parent written descriptions of such controls and procedures.
5.20 Consent Decrees. There are no material consent decrees to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is subject and there are no material voluntary agreements with any Governmental Entity that impose any continuing duties on the Company, including any additional reporting or monitoring requirements
5.21 Product Liability and Recalls.
(a) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any material liability (and, to the knowledge of the Company, there is no reasonable basis for any present or future action, suit, proceeding, hearing, investigation, charge, complaint, claim or demand against any of them giving rise to any material liability) arising out of any injury to individuals or property as a result of the license or use of any product of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(b) There are no pending internal investigations, material external investigations for which the Company has received notice, other external investigations for which the Company has received written notice, or voluntary or involuntary recalls, of any product of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, has it received any notifications from any Third Party or Governmental Entity that might give rise to any potential investigation, or the recall, of any product of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Each product that is sold or licensed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is designed and manufactured, and functions or operates, in all
35
material respects in accordance with such products design or specifications, and in accordance with applicable product safety or regulatory requirements.
5.22 Takeover Statutes. The Company Board has taken all appropriate actions so that the restrictions contained in Section 203 of Delaware Law applicable to a business combination (as defined in such Section 203) will not apply to Parent during the pendency of this Agreement, including the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby. No other fair price, moratorium, control share acquisition, interested shareholder, business combination or other similar anti-takeover statute or regulation of any jurisdiction (each, including the business combination provisions of Section 203 of Delaware Law, a Takeover Statute) is applicable to the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby.
5.23 Change of Control. The Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby will not constitute a change of control under, require the consent from or the giving of notice to any Person pursuant to, permit any Person to terminate or accelerate vesting or repurchase rights or create any other detriment under the terms, conditions or provisions of, any Company Material Contract or Company Lease to which the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company is a party or by which any of them or any of their properties or assets may be bound.
5.24 Vote Required. The approval of this Agreement by the Company Board constitutes approval of this Agreement and the Merger for purposes of Section 203 of Delaware Law and represents the only action necessary to ensure that Section 203 of Delaware Law does not and will not apply to the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the consummation of the Merger. The only vote of the holders of any class or series of capital stock or other securities of the Company necessary to adopt this Agreement or consummate the other transactions contemplated hereby is the Shareholder Approval.
5.25 Brokers and Finders. Neither the Company nor any of its officers, directors or employees has employed any broker or finder or incurred any liability for any brokerage fees, commissions or finders fees in connection with the Merger or the other transactions contemplated in this Agreement except that the Company has employed Raymond James & Associates Inc. as its financial advisor. The Company has made available to Parent a complete and accurate copy of all agreements pursuant to which Raymond James & Associates Inc. is entitled to any fees or expenses in connection with any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
ARTICLE VI
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB
Parent and Merger Sub represent and warrant to the Company that the statements contained in this Article VI are true and correct.
6.1 Organization, Good Standing and Qualification. Each of Parent and Merger Sub is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business as presently conducted, and is duly qualified to do business and, where applicable as a legal concept, is in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction where the
36
ownership or operation of its assets or properties or conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so organized, qualified or in good standing, or to have such power or authority, when taken together with all other such failures, has not had, and is not reasonably likely to have, a Parent Material Adverse Effect. The term Parent Material Adverse Effect means any change or effect that materially and adversely affects the ability of Parent or Merger Sub to consummate, or materially delays the consummation of, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
6.2 Authority; No Conflict; Required Filings and Consents.
(a) Each of Parent and Merger Sub has all requisite corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of each of Parent and Merger Sub. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by each of Parent and Merger Sub and constitutes the valid and binding obligation of each of Parent and Merger Sub, enforceable against each of them in accordance with its terms, except as the enforcement may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency (including, without limitation, all Laws relating to fraudulent transfers), reorganization, moratorium or similar Laws affecting enforcement of creditors rights generally now or hereafter in effect and except as enforcement is subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is considered in a proceeding in equity or at Law).
(b) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by each of Parent and Merger Sub do not, and the consummation by Parent and Merger Sub of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not, (i) conflict with, or result in any violation or breach of, any provision of the certificate of incorporation or by-laws of Parent or Merger Sub, (ii) conflict with, or result in any violation or breach of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) a default (or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of any obligation or loss of any material benefit) under, require a consent or waiver under, constitute a change in control under, require the payment of a penalty under or result in the imposition of any Lien on Parents or Merger Subs assets under, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any lease, license, contract or other agreement, instrument or obligation to which Parent or Merger Sub is a party or by which any of them or any of their properties or assets may be bound, or (iii) subject to compliance with the requirements specified in clauses (i) and (ii) of Section 6.2(c), conflict with or violate any permit, concession, franchise, license, judgment, injunction, order, decree, statute, Law, ordinance, rule or regulation applicable to Parent or Merger Sub or any of its or their respective properties or assets, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) of this Section 6.2(b) for any such conflicts, violations, breaches, defaults, terminations, cancellations, accelerations, losses, penalties or Liens, and for any consents or waivers not obtained, that, individually or in the aggregate, are not reasonably likely to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
(c) Other than (i) the filings, approvals and/or notices pursuant to Section 1.2, (ii) filings, approvals and/or notices under applicable Antitrust Laws, the Securities Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, (iii) filings, approvals and/or notices required to be made with or obtained from the New York Stock Exchange, and (iv) such consents, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations and filings as may be required under applicable U.S. state securities Laws, no notices, reports or other filings are required to be made by Parent with, nor are any consents, registrations, approvals, permits or authorizations required to be obtained by Parent from, any Governmental Entity, in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub and the consummation by Parent and Merger Sub of the Merger and the other transactions
37
contemplated hereby, except those that the failure to make or obtain are not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably likely to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
(d) No vote of the holders of any class or series of Parents capital stock or other securities is necessary for the consummation by Parent of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
6.3 Information Provided. The information concerning Parent and Merger Sub that is supplied by or on behalf of Parent expressly for inclusion in the Proxy Statement to be sent to the stockholders of the Company in connection with the Company Meeting will not, on the date it is first mailed to the stockholders of the Company or at the time of the Company Meeting, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated in the Proxy Statement or necessary in order to make the statements in the Proxy Statement, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.
6.4 Operations of Merger Sub. Merger Sub was formed solely for the purpose of engaging in the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, has engaged in no other business activities and has conducted its operations only as contemplated by this Agreement.
6.5 Financing. Parent has available all funds necessary to perform all of its obligations under this Agreement, including payment of the Merger Consideration.
ARTICLE VII
COVENANTS
7.1 Interim Operations. The Company covenants and agrees as to itself and its Subsidiaries that, after the date of this Agreement and prior to the Effective Time (unless Parent shall otherwise consent in writing, which consent will not unreasonably be withheld or delayed, and except as otherwise expressly set forth in or contemplated by this Agreement):
(a) the business of it and its Subsidiaries will be conducted in the ordinary and usual course (provided that the Company may continue its ongoing efforts to restructure its existing Subsidiaries as described in Section 7.1(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule) and, to the extent consistent therewith, it and its Subsidiaries shall use their respective commercially reasonable efforts to preserve its business organization intact and maintain its existing relations and goodwill with customers, suppliers, distributors, strategic partners, creditors, lessors, employees and business associates;
(b) it shall not (i) issue, sell, pledge, dispose of or encumber any capital stock owned by it in any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) amend its certificate of incorporation or by-laws (or its equivalent governing instruments), (iii) split, combine or reclassify its outstanding shares of capital stock, (iv) declare, set aside or pay any dividend payable in cash, stock or property in respect of any capital stock other than dividends from its direct or indirect wholly-owned Subsidiaries, or (v) purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire, except for the acquisition of shares of Company Common Stock from holders of Company Stock Options in full or partial payment of the exercise price payable by such holder upon exercise of Company Stock Options to the extent required or permitted under the terms of such Company Stock Options, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to purchase or otherwise acquire, any shares of its capital stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any shares of its capital stock;
38
(c) neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries shall (i) authorize, issue, sell, pledge, dispose of or encumber any shares of, or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for, or options, warrants, calls, commitments or rights of any kind (including, without limitation, any rights or poison pill agreement) to acquire, any shares of its capital stock of any class, or any Voting Debt or any other property or assets (other than shares of Company Common Stock and associated rights issuable pursuant to options and other stock-based awards outstanding on the date of this Agreement under the Company Stock Plans), or (ii) transfer, lease, license, guarantee, sell, mortgage, pledge, dispose of, abandon, cancel, surrender or allow to lapse or expire or encumber any material property or material assets (including, without limitation, capital stock of any of its Subsidiaries and the Intellectual Property described in Section 5.15(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule) or business;
(d) neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries shall restructure, recapitalize, reorganize or completely or partially liquidate or adopt a plan of complete or partial liquidation or otherwise enter into any agreement or arrangement imposing material changes or restrictions on the operation of its assets or businesses or adopt resolutions providing for or authorizing any of the foregoing;
(e) neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries shall acquire (i) by merging or consolidating with, or by purchasing all or a substantial portion of the assets of or any stock of, or by any other manner, any business or any corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, association or other business organization or division, or (ii) any assets that are material, individually or in the aggregate, to the Company and any of its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, except purchases of inventory and raw materials in the ordinary course of business (or as permitted by Section 7.1(g), whether or not material);
(f) other than borrowings undertaken in the ordinary course pursuant to that certain Loan and Security Agreement dated September 23, 2004 between the Company and Silicon Valley Bank, as amended (as in effect on the date hereof), neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries shall (i) incur any Indebtedness or guarantee any such Indebtedness of another Person, (ii) issue, sell or amend any debt securities or warrants or other rights to acquire any debt securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, guarantee any debt securities of another Person, enter into any keep well or other agreement to maintain any financial statement condition of another Person or enter into any arrangement having the economic effect of any of the foregoing, (iii) make any loans, advances (other than routine advances to employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business) or capital contributions to, or investment in, any other Person, other than the Company or any of its direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiaries, or (iv) other than in the ordinary course of business, enter into any hedging agreement or other financial agreement or arrangement designed to protect the Company or its Subsidiaries against fluctuations in commodities prices or exchange rates;
(g) neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries shall make any capital expenditures or other expenditures with respect to property, plant or equipment in excess of $75,000 in the aggregate for the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, other than as set forth in the Companys budget for capital expenditures previously made available to Parent;
(h) neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries shall make any material changes in accounting methods, principles or practices, except insofar as may have been required by a change in GAAP or applicable Law or, except as so required, change any assumption underlying, or method of calculating, any bad debt, contingency or other reserve;
(i) neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries shall, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, enter into, renew, modify, amend, terminate, waive, delay the exercise of, release or assign any material rights or claims under, any Company Material Contract or
39
Company Lease; provided, that, nothing herein permits the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to (i) enter into any Contract of the type specified in Sections 5.5(a)(iii)(B), 5.5(a)(vii) or 5.5(a)(viii) to the extent such Contract would survive after the Effective Time or modify or amend in a manner adverse to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries any existing Contract of the type specified in Sections 5.5(a)(iii)(b), 5.5(a)(vii) or 5.5(a)(viii), or (ii) except to the extent permitted by Section 7.2(a), enter into, renew, modify, amend, terminate, waive, delay the exercise of, or release or assign any material rights or claims under, any confidentiality, standstill or similar agreement to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound by or subject;
(j) neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries shall, except as required to comply with applicable Law, any express provision of this Agreement, or agreements, plans or arrangements existing on the date of this Agreement, (i) take any action with respect to, adopt, enter into, terminate or amend any employment, severance, change in control, retirement, retention, welfare, incentive or similar agreement, arrangement or benefit plan for the benefit or welfare of any current or former director, officer, employee or consultant or any collective bargaining agreement, (ii) increase in any respect the compensation or fringe benefits of, or pay any bonus to, any director, officer, employee or consultant (except for bonuses paid to an officer or employee for calendar year 2006 in the ordinary course of business that do not exceed bonus amounts paid to such individual for calendar year 2005), (iii) amend or accelerate the payment, right to payment or vesting of any compensation or benefits, including any outstanding options or restricted stock awards, (iv) pay any benefit not provided for as of the date of this Agreement under any Company Benefit Plan, (v) grant any awards under any bonus, incentive, performance or other compensation plan or arrangement or benefit plan, including the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock based or stock related awards, performance units or restricted stock, or the removal of existing restrictions in any benefit plans or agreements or awards made thereunder, except for grants of options to purchase Company Common Stock to new hires in the ordinary course of business, which options (A) have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company Common Stock on the date of grant (determined in a manner consistent with the Companys existing practice for establishing fair market value for option grants) and (B) are otherwise upon the Companys customary terms, or (vi) take any action to fund or in any other way secure the payment of compensation or benefits under any Company Benefit Plan;
(k) neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries shall initiate, settle or compromise any litigation, claim, grievance, charge or proceeding involving any Intellectual Property or any matters reported as Legal Proceedings in any Company SEC Reports, or any other material litigation, claim, grievance, charge or proceeding (other than in connection with the enforcement of the Companys rights under this Agreement);
(l) neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries shall make or rescind any Tax election, amend any material Tax Return or permit any insurance policy naming it as a beneficiary or loss-payable payee to be cancelled or terminated in each case except in a manner consistent with past practice or as required by applicable Law;
(m) neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries shall take any action or omit to take any action that is reasonably likely to result in any of the conditions to the Merger set forth in Article VIII not being satisfied; and
(n) neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries shall authorize any of, or commit, resolve or agree, in writing or otherwise, to take, any of the foregoing actions;
provided, however, that nothing contained in this Agreement will give to Parent, directly or indirectly, rights to control or direct the operations of the Company prior to Closing. Prior to
40
Closing, the Company shall exercise, consistent with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, complete control and supervision of its and its Subsidiaries operations.
7.2 No Solicitation.
(a) The Company shall not, nor shall it permit or authorize any of its Subsidiaries or any officer, director, employee, accountant, counsel, financial advisor, agent or other representative of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (collectively, the Company Representatives) to, on its or its Subsidiaries behalf, directly or indirectly, (i) solicit, initiate, facilitate, respond to or encourage, including by way of furnishing non-public information, any inquiries regarding or relating to, or the submission of, any Takeover Proposal (as defined below), (ii) participate in any discussions or negotiations, furnish to any Person any information or data relating to the Company or its Subsidiaries, provide access to any of the properties, books, records or employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries or take any other action, in each such case regarding or to facilitate the making of any proposal that constitutes, or may reasonably be expected to lead to, any Takeover Proposal, (iii) enter into any letter of intent, memorandum of understanding, agreement in principle, acquisition agreement, merger agreement or other similar agreement or commitment with respect to any Takeover Proposal (an Alternative Acquisition Agreement) or agree to, approve, endorse or resolve to recommend or approve any Takeover Proposal, except in each case as otherwise specifically provided in Section 7.2(b), (iv) grant any waiver or release under any standstill or similar agreement, (v) take any action to exempt any Person from the restrictions on business combinations contained in Section 203 of Delaware Law or otherwise cause such restrictions not to apply, or (vi) authorize or direct any Company Representative to take any such action; provided, however, that nothing contained in this Section 7.2(a) or any other provision of this Agreement prohibits the Company or the Company Board from (A) taking and disclosing to the Companys stockholders a position required by Rules 14d-9 and 14e-2 or Item 1012(a) of Regulation M-A promulgated under the Exchange Act, (B) making such disclosure to the Companys stockholders as, in the good faith judgment of the Company Board, after consultation with its outside counsel, is required under applicable Law in order to comply with its fiduciary duties, or (C) notifying any Person solely of the existence of, and restrictions under, the provisions of this Section 7.2, provided that the Company may not, except as permitted by Section 7.2(b), withdraw or modify, or propose to the public or any Third Party (other than the Companys agents and representatives) to withdraw or modify, its approval or recommendation of this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger, or approve or recommend, or propose to approve or recommend any Takeover Proposal, or enter into any Alternative Acquisition Agreement. Upon execution of this Agreement, the Company shall, and it shall cause the Company Representatives and its Subsidiaries to, immediately terminate any existing activities, discussions, solicitations or negotiations with any Person conducted previously with respect to any Takeover Proposal. Notwithstanding any of the foregoing restrictions set forth in this Section 7.2(a), nothing in this Agreement prevents the Company or the Company Board from furnishing (or causing to be furnished), prior to, but not after, the time the vote is taken with respect to this Agreement and the Merger at the Company Meeting, information concerning its business, properties or assets, which information is not of greater scope, area or detail than was provided to Parent, to any Person or group pursuant to a confidentiality agreement with terms and conditions substantially similar to those of the Confidentiality Agreement, and may negotiate and participate in discussions and negotiations with such Person or group who has made a bona fide, written Takeover Proposal, but only if: (x) such Takeover Proposal was made after the date of this Agreement (it being understood that such a Takeover Proposal made after the date of this Agreement by a Person who has made a Takeover Proposal prior to the date of this Agreement will be considered a new Takeover Proposal made after the date of this Agreement) and none of the Company, its Subsidiaries and their representatives has violated any of the restrictions set forth in this Section 7.2 (other than immaterial violations that have not (1) directly or indirectly resulted in the making of such Takeover Proposal or (2) otherwise had an adverse impact on Parents
41
rights under this Section 7.2) with respect to such Person making the Takeover Proposal; (y) such Person or group has submitted a Takeover Proposal that the Company Board has determined (after consultation with outside legal counsel) either (i) constitutes a Superior Proposal (as defined below) or (ii) is more favorable to the Companys stockholders from a financial point of view than the Merger and is reasonably likely to lead to a Superior Proposal; and (z) the Company Board determines in good faith, after consultation with its outside counsel, that such action is required to discharge the Company Boards fiduciary duties to the Companys stockholders under applicable Law. The Company shall not release or permit the release of any Person from, or waive or permit the waiver of any provision of, any confidentiality, standstill or similar agreement to which the Company is a party or under which the Company has any rights. The Company shall promptly (and in any event within 1 Business Day) notify Parent telephonically and in writing of the existence of any proposal, discussion, negotiation or inquiry received by the Company that is or could reasonably be expected to constitute a Takeover Proposal, and the Company shall promptly communicate in writing to Parent the terms and conditions of any such proposal, discussion, negotiation or inquiry which it may receive, and provide a copy of any written proposal and the identity of the Person making the same. The Company shall inform Parent within 24 hours after any change to the material terms of any such Takeover Proposal. Within 24 hours after any determination by the Company Board that a Takeover Proposal constitutes a Superior Proposal, the Company shall deliver to Parent and Merger Sub a written notice advising them of such determination, specifying the terms and conditions of such Superior Proposal and the identity of the Person making such Superior Proposal, and providing Parent and Merger Sub with a copy of the Superior Proposal. The Company shall promptly provide to Parent any non-public information concerning the Company provided to any other Person or group which was not previously provided to Parent.
(b) Neither the Company Board nor any committee thereof shall withdraw or propose to the public or to any Third Party (other than the Companys agent and representatives) to withdraw or modify in a manner adverse to Parent or Merger Sub the Company Board Recommendation, unless the Company Board shall have determined in good faith, after consultation with its outside counsel, that such action is required to discharge the Company Boards fiduciary duties to the Companys stockholders under applicable law.
(c) Neither the Company Board nor any committee thereof shall (i) approve or recommend, or propose to the public or any Third Party (other than the Companys agents and representatives) to approve or recommend, any Takeover Proposal or (ii) approve or recommend, or propose to approve or recommend, any Takeover Proposal or (iii) enter into any Alternative Acquisition Agreement (other than a confidentiality agreement expressly permitted by and in accordance with Section 7.2(a)). Notwithstanding the foregoing, prior to, but not after, the time the vote is taken with respect to the adoption of this Agreement at the Company Meeting, the Company Board may make a change in the Company Board Recommendation in a manner adverse to Parent or Merger Sub (including, for such purpose, a withdrawal of such Company Board Recommendation) (a Change in Company Recommendation) and/or approve or recommend a Superior Proposal, and, in connection with such Superior Proposal, make any approvals, consents or actions to exempt such Takeover Proposal from any Takeover Statute, and the Company may enter into an Alternative Acquisition Agreement with respect to a Superior Proposal in connection with the termination of this Agreement, in each case if (A) the Company has received a Superior Proposal which is pending at the time the Company determines to take such action, (B) the Company Board has determined in good faith, after consultation with its outside counsel, that such action is required to discharge the Company Boards fiduciary duties to the Companys stockholders under applicable Law and (C) at least three Business Days have passed following Parents receipt of an Adverse Recommendation Notice (as defined below), and Parent does not make an offer within such three Business Day period that is at least as favorable to the Companys stockholders as the Superior Proposal, as concluded by the Company Board in its good faith judgment, after consultation with its financial advisors and receiving advice from its
42
outside counsel (it being agreed that the Company Board shall convene a meeting to consider any such offer by Parent promptly following receipt of such offer and that the Company Board shall not withhold, withdraw or modify its recommendation to the Companys stockholders in favor of this Agreement and the Merger until the earlier of the receipt of Parents revised offer or three Business Days after receipt by Parent of the Adverse Recommendation Notice).
(d) For purposes of this Agreement:
(i) The term Adverse Recommendation Notice means a written notice from the Company advising Parent that the Company Board has received such a Superior Proposal which it intends to accept or recommend or advising Parent that it intends to make a Change in Company Recommendation, specifying the material terms and conditions of such Superior Proposal and the other information required by Section 7.2(a) (it being understood and agreed that any material amendment to the financial terms or other material terms of such Superior Proposal shall require a new Adverse Recommendation Notice and a new three (3) Business Day period).
(ii) The term Competing Transaction means any transaction, other than the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, to acquire beneficial ownership (as defined under Rule 13(d) of the Exchange Act) of (A) assets that constitute fifteen percent (15%) or more of the consolidated revenues, net income or assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries or (B) fifteen percent (15%) or more (in number or voting power) of any class of equity securities or other capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (if the securities or ownership interests acquired in such Subsidiaries represent an amount equal to or greater than fifteen percent (15%) or more of the consolidated revenues, net income or assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole), in any such case pursuant to any transaction or series of transactions, including without limitation (I) a merger, consolidation, share exchange, or other business combination (including without limitation any so-called merger-of-equals and whether or not the Company is the entity surviving any such transaction) involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (II) sale, issuance, exchange, transfer or other disposition of shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (III) sale, lease, license, exchange, transfer or other disposition of assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (IV) tender offer, exchange offer or similar transaction with respect to either the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, including any single or multi-step transaction or series of related transactions, which is structured to permit such Third Party or another Third Party to acquire beneficial ownership of assets that constitute fifteen percent (15%) or more of the consolidated revenues, net income or assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, or fifteen percent (15%) or more of the equity interest in either the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (if the securities or ownership interests acquired in such Subsidiaries represent an amount equal to or greater than fifteen percent (15%) or more of the consolidated revenues, net income or assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole); and
(iii) The term Superior Proposal means an unsolicited written proposal or offer (whether a Takeover Proposal or otherwise) by a Third Party to acquire (whether by way of merger, acquisition or otherwise), directly or indirectly, greater than fifty percent (50%) of the shares of Company Common Stock then outstanding (or the effect of which would be that the stockholders of the Company beneficially own less than fifty percent (50%) of the voting power of the combined or ongoing entity), or to acquire all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, and (A) otherwise on terms which the Company Board determines in good faith (after consultation with its financial advisors), and taking into account all relevant terms and conditions of the proposal or offer that it deems relevant (including, without limitation, all legal, financial,
43
regulatory and other aspects, including time to consummation), to be more favorable to the Companys stockholders from a financial point of view than the Merger, and (B) which, in the good faith reasonable judgment of the Company Board, is reasonably capable of being consummated;
(iv) The term Takeover Proposal means any inquiry, proposal, offer or indication of interest (including any inquiry, proposal, offer or indication of interest to its stockholders), whether in writing or otherwise, from a Third Party that constitutes, or could reasonably be expected to lead to, a Competing Transaction;
(v) The term Third Party means any Person or group other than Parent, Merger Sub or any Affiliate of Parent.
7.3 Proxy Statement. As promptly as practicable after the execution of this Agreement, the Company, in cooperation with Parent, shall prepare and file with the SEC the Proxy Statement. Prior to filing the Proxy Statement or any other filing with the SEC or any other Governmental Entity related to the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement (but not including any filing related to a Competing Transaction), the Company shall provide Parent with reasonable opportunity to review and comment (in light of the requested deadline for the filing) on each such filing in advance of its filing with the SEC (and Parent shall use reasonable efforts to provide comments, if any, as promptly as practicable) and the Company shall consider and act in good faith with respect to the incorporation of any changes in such filings reasonably proposed by Parent. The Company shall respond to any comments of the SEC or its staff and shall cause the Proxy Statement to be mailed to its stockholders at the earliest practicable time after the resolution of any such comments. The Company shall notify Parent promptly upon the receipt of any comments from the SEC or its staff or any other government officials and of any request by the SEC or its staff or any other government officials for amendments or supplements to the Proxy Statement and shall supply Parent with copies of all correspondence between the Company or any of its representatives, on the one hand, and the SEC, or its staff or any other government officials, on the other hand, with respect to the Proxy Statement. The Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause all documents that it is responsible for filing with the SEC or other regulatory authorities under this Section 7.3 to comply in all material respects with all applicable requirements of Law and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. If at any time prior to the Effective Time, any event occurs, or any information relating to the Company, Parent, Merger Sub or any of their respective Affiliates, officers or directors should be discovered by the Company, Parent or Merger Sub, which is required to be set forth in an amendment or supplement to the Proxy Statement or any other filing with any Governmental Entity, so that the Proxy Statement or such other filing shall not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated in the Proxy Statement or necessary in order to make the statements in the Proxy Statement, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading, the party that discovers such information shall promptly notify the other parties, and cooperate in filing with the SEC or its staff or any other government officials, and/or mailing to stockholders of the Company, such amendment or supplement.
7.4 Listing. The Company agrees to use its commercially reasonable efforts to continue the quotation of the Company Common Stock on the NASDAQ Global Market during the term of this Agreement.
7.5 Company Meeting. The Company, acting through the Company Board, shall take all actions in accordance with applicable Law, its certificate of incorporation and by-laws and (if applicable) NASDAQ Marketplace Rules to promptly and duly call, give notice of, convene and hold as promptly as practicable a meeting of the holders of shares of Company Common Stock (the Company Meeting) for the purpose of considering and voting upon the approval of this Agreement and the Merger by the holders
44
of a majority of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock entitled to vote on such matters. Unless this Agreement is terminated in accordance with Article IX, the obligation of the Company to convene and hold the Company Meeting shall not be limited or otherwise affected by a Change in Company Recommendation or by the commencement, public proposal, public disclosure or communication to the Company of any Takeover Proposal. Except as otherwise provided in Section 7.2, (i) the Company Board shall recommend to the stockholders of the Company the adoption of the approval of this Agreement and the Merger and include such recommendation in the Proxy Statement and (ii) the Company Board shall not withhold, withdraw, qualify or modify, or publicly propose or resolve to withhold, withdraw, qualify or modify in a manner adverse to Parent, the recommendation of the Company Board that the Companys stockholders vote in favor of the approval of this Agreement and the Merger. Unless such recommendation shall have been withdrawn or modified in accordance with Section 7.2 (but without affecting in any manner the Companys obligations pursuant to Section 7.3), the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to solicit from its stockholders proxies in favor of the approval of this Agreement and the Merger and shall take all other action necessary or advisable to secure the vote or consent of the stockholders of the Company required by Delaware Law and, if applicable, the NASDAQ Marketplace Rules, to obtain such approvals. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Company, after consultation with Parent, may adjourn the Company Meeting, but only to the extent necessary to ensure that any required supplement or amendment to the Proxy Statement is provided to the Companys stockholders or, if as of the time for which the Company Meeting is originally scheduled (as set forth in the Proxy Statement) there are insufficient shares of Company Common Stock represented (either in person or by proxy) to constitute a quorum necessary to conduct the business of the Company Meeting.
7.6 Filings; Other Actions; Notification.
(a) Subject to the terms of this Agreement, including Section 7.2 and Section 7.6(b), the Company and Parent shall each use commercially reasonable efforts to (i) take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and do, or cause to be done, and to assist and cooperate with the other parties in doing, all things necessary, proper or advisable to consummate and make effective the transactions contemplated hereby as promptly as practicable, including, without limitation, that Parent shall, promptly after its receipt of the Companys VSP product for testing, perform such testing as is necessary in order to determine whether the Company has complied with the condition set forth in Section 8.2(j) of this Agreement. (ii) as promptly as practicable, obtain from any Governmental Entity or any other Person any consents, licenses, permits, waivers, approvals, authorizations, or orders required to be obtained or made by the Company or Parent or any of their respective Subsidiaries, or otherwise reasonably requested by Parent, in connection with the authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, (iii) as promptly as practicable, and on a mutually agreed date, make all necessary filings, and thereafter make any other required submissions, with respect to this Agreement and the Merger required under (A) the Exchange Act and any other applicable federal or state securities Laws, (B) any Antitrust Law and any related governmental request thereunder, and (C) any other applicable Law, and (iv) execute or deliver any additional instruments necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated by, and to fully carry out the purposes of, this Agreement. The Company and Parent shall consult and cooperate with each other, and consider in good faith the views of one another, in connection with the obtaining of all such consents, licenses, permits, waivers, approvals, authorizations or orders, including, without limitation, (i) keeping the other apprised of the status of matters relating to the completion of the transactions contemplated hereby, (ii) providing copies of written notices or other communications received by such party or any of its respective Subsidiaries with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby, (iii) subject to applicable Laws relating to the sharing of information and with the right to withhold confidential information, providing copies of any proposed filings to be made with, or written materials submitted to, any Person and/or any Governmental Entity in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby (including, without limitation, any analyses, appearances, presentations, memoranda, briefs, arguments, opinions and proposals made or submitted by or on behalf of any party hereto) and (iv) if requested, accepting reasonable additions, deletions or changes
45
suggested in connection therewith. The Company and Parent shall each use its commercially reasonable efforts to furnish to each other all information required for any application or other filing to be made pursuant to the rules and regulations of any applicable Law (including all information required to be included in the Proxy Statement) in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, Parent and the Company agree that nothing contained in this Section 7.6(a) modifies or affects their respective rights and responsibilities under Section 7.6(b). In connection with the foregoing, each party shall (i) promptly notify the other party in writing of any communication received by that party or its Affiliates from any Governmental Entity, and subject to applicable Laws, provide the other party with a copy of any such written communication (or an oral or written summary of any oral communication), and (ii) not participate in any substantive meeting or discussion with any Governmental Entity in respect of any filing, investigation or inquiry concerning the transactions contemplated by this Agreement unless, where practicable, it consults with the other party in advance, and to the extent permitted by such Governmental Entity and where practicable, gives the other party the opportunity to attend and participate thereat.
(b) Subject to the terms of this Agreement, each of Parent and the Company shall, and shall cause each of their respective Subsidiaries, cooperate and use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain any government clearances or approvals required for Closing under applicable Antitrust Laws, to respond to requests of any Governmental Entity for information under any Antitrust Law, and to contest and resist any action, including any legislative, administrative or judicial action, and to have vacated, lifted, reversed or overturned any decree, judgment, injunction or other order (whether temporary, preliminary or permanent) that restricts, prevents or prohibits the consummation of the Merger or any other transactions contemplated by this Agreement under any Antitrust Law. Notwithstanding the foregoing or anything to the contrary in this Agreement, neither Parent nor any of its Affiliates are required to (i) proffer to, or agree to, sell, license, lease, transfer or otherwise encumber (or consent to any sale, license, lease, transfer or other encumbrance or agreement to sell, license, lease, transfer or otherwise encumber by the Company), before or after the Effective Time, of any assets, businesses or interest in any assets or businesses of Parent, the Company or any of their respective Affiliates, (ii) proffer to, or agree to, hold separate, before or after the Effective Time, any assets, businesses or interest in any assets or businesses of Parent, the Company or any of their respective Affiliates, (iii) agree to any other changes (including, without limitation, through a licensing arrangement) or restriction on, or other impairment of, Parents ability to own or operate the operations of any such assets or businesses or Parents ability to vote, transfer, receive dividends with respect to or otherwise exercise ownership rights with respect to the stock of the Surviving Corporation, or (iv) take any other action under this Section 7.6 if any Governmental Entity seeks a preliminary injunction, restraining order or similar restraint under applicable Law to enjoin consummation of the Merger.
(c) During the period commencing on the date of this Agreement and ending at the Effective Time or such earlier date as this Agreement may be terminated in accordance with its terms, Parent shall give prompt notice to the Company, and the Company shall give prompt notice to Parent, of (i) the occurrence, or failure to occur, of any event, which occurrence or failure to occur is reasonably likely to cause any representation or warranty of such party contained in this Agreement to be untrue or inaccurate in any material respect, in each case at any time from and after the date of this Agreement until the Effective Time, (ii) any material failure of Parent and Merger Sub or the Company, as the case may be, or of any officer, director, employee or agent, to comply with or satisfy any covenant, condition or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it under this Agreement, (iii) any actions, suits, claims, investigations or proceedings commenced or threatened in writing against, relating to or involving or otherwise affecting such party or any of its Subsidiaries that relate to the consummation of the Merger, or (iv) any offers received by the Company and its Subsidiaries to settle or compromise any litigation, claim, grievance, charge or proceeding involving Intellectual Property or any other material litigation, claim, grievance, charge or proceeding. Notwithstanding the above, the
46
delivery of any notice pursuant to this Section 7.6 does not limit or otherwise affect the remedies available hereunder to the party receiving such notice or the conditions to such partys obligation to consummate the Merger.
7.7 Access. Subject to applicable Law relating to the sharing of information, upon reasonable notice, and except as may otherwise be required by applicable Law, the Company shall (and shall cause its Subsidiaries to) afford Parent and its representatives reasonable access, during normal business hours throughout the period prior to the Effective Time, to its properties, books, contracts and records and, during such period, shall (and shall cause its Subsidiaries to) furnish promptly to Parent all information concerning its business, properties and personnel as may reasonably be requested, including information relating to Contracts with Governmental Entities, insurance, pending litigation or claims, employee and employment matters, and information regarding Company membership in standards organizations; provided, however, that no investigation pursuant to this Section 7.7 affects or modifies any representation or warranty made by the Company; and provided, further, that the foregoing do not require the Company (a) to permit any inspection, or to disclose any information, that in the reasonable judgment of the Company, would result in the disclosure of any trade secrets of third parties or violate any of its obligations with respect to confidentiality if the Company shall have used its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the consent of such Person to such inspection or disclosure or (b) to disclose any privileged information of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any information that is reasonably expected to jeopardize any attorney client or other legal privilege of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (iii) to disclose any information where such disclosure would violate any applicable Laws. All requests for information made pursuant to this Section 7.7 must be directed to an executive officer of the Company or such Person as may be designated by such executive officer. All information that is made available pursuant to this Section 7.7 is governed by the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement.
7.8 Notice of Certain Matters. Each party will notify the other party in writing promptly after learning of any of the following: (i) any notice or other communication from any Third Party alleging that the consent of such Third Party is or may be required in connection with the Merger; (ii) any notice or other communication from any Governmental Entity in connection with the Merger; (iii) any action, suit, arbitration, mediation, proceeding, claim or investigation by or before any Governmental Entity or arbitrator initiated by or against it or any of its Subsidiaries, or known by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to be threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective directors, officers, employees or stockholders in their capacity as such, or of any oral or written correspondence from any Third Party asserting or implying a claim against the Company or with respect to any of its assets or properties (including Intellectual Property) that is, or is reasonably likely to be, material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; (iv) any change, occurrence or event which is reasonably likely to cause any of the conditions to closing set forth in Article VIII not to be satisfied; (v) any claim, or any written inquiry by any Taxing authority, regarding a material deficiency to pay Taxes payable by the Company; or (vi) any event that occurs after the date of this Agreement, that had it occurred prior to the date of this Agreement, would have constituted a material exception to the representation set forth in Section 5.6(e). The Company shall give prompt notice to Parent of any representation or warranty made by it contained in this Agreement becoming untrue or inaccurate in any material respect, or any failure of the Company to comply with or satisfy in any material respect any covenant, condition or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it under this Agreement; provided, however, that no such notification affects the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements of the parties in this Agreement or affect the satisfaction or non-satisfaction of any conditions to the obligations of the parties under this Agreement or otherwise limit or affect the remedies available hereunder to Parent.
47
7.9 De-listing. If immediately prior to the Effective Time, the Company Common Stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Market, the Company shall give timely notice of de-listing to, and shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the shares of Company Common Stock to cease trading on, the NASDAQ Global Market effective as of the Effective Time and, if applicable, to report timely such event on Form 8-K.
7.10 Publicity. The initial press release regarding the Merger will be a joint press release and thereafter the Company and Parent each shall consult with each other before issuing, and provide each other the opportunity to review, comment upon and concur with and use reasonable efforts to agree on, any press releases or otherwise making public announcements with respect to the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement and prior to making any filings with any Person and/or any Governmental Entity with respect thereto, except as may be required by Law or by obligations (if applicable) pursuant to the NASDAQ Marketplace Rules. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 7.10, either party may respond to questions from stockholders or inquiries from financial analysts and media representatives in a manner that is consistent with then-existing public disclosures.
7.11 Company and Parent Benefit Plans. Prior to the Effective Time, if requested by Parent in writing, the Company shall take all actions necessary to terminate any and all Company Benefit Plans effective not earlier than immediately prior to the Effective Time. Prior to the Effective Time, if requested by Parent in writing, to the extent permitted by applicable Law and the terms of the applicable plan or arrangement, the Company shall cause to be amended the employee benefit plans and arrangements of it and its Subsidiaries to the extent necessary to provide that no employees of Parent and its Subsidiaries shall commence to participate therein following the Effective Time unless the Surviving Corporation or such Subsidiary explicitly authorizes such participation. In addition, prior to the Effective Time, to the extent permitted by applicable Law and the terms of the applicable plan or arrangement, Parent shall cause to be amended, or take any actions Parent deems appropriate, the employee benefit plans and arrangements of it and its Subsidiaries to the extent necessary to provide that no employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries commence to participate therein following the Effective Time unless Parent or such Subsidiary explicitly authorizes such participation.
7.12 Loans to Company Employees, Officers and Directors. Prior to the Effective Time, all loans (other than loans under the Companys 401(k) plan, travel advances, payroll advances and other advances made in the ordinary course of business, which in each case do not exceed $1,000) by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any of their employees, officers or directors will no be longer outstanding.
7.13 Indemnification; Directors and Officers Insurance.
(a) The certificate of incorporation and by-laws of the Surviving Corporation shall contain, in all material respects and to the extent permitted by applicable Law the same provisions with respect to indemnification, advancement and director and officer exculpation set forth in the certificate of incorporation and by-laws of the Company on the date of this Agreement, which provisions shall not be amended, repealed or otherwise modified for a period of six years from the Effective Time in any manner that would affect adversely the rights thereunder of persons who at any time prior to the Effective Time were entitled to indemnification, advancement or exculpation under the certificate of incorporation and by-laws of the Company in respect of actions or omissions occurring at or prior to the Effective Time (including, without limitation, the transactions contemplated by this Agreement), unless such modification is required by Law. From the Effective Time through the sixth (6th) anniversary of the date on which the Effective Time occurs, Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation to indemnify and hold harmless each person who is now, or who becomes prior to the Effective Time, a director or
48
officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (the Indemnified Parties), against all claims, losses, liabilities, damages, judgments, fines and reasonable fees, costs and expenses, including attorneys fees and disbursements (collectively, Costs), incurred in connection with any claim, action, suit, proceeding or investigation, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, arising out of or pertaining to (i) the fact that the Indemnified Party is or was an officer or director of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (ii) acts or omissions occurring prior to the Effective Time (including acts or omissions in connection with this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby), whether asserted or claimed prior to, at or after the Effective Time, to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware Law for officers and directors of Delaware corporations. Each Indemnified Party will be entitled to advancement of expenses incurred in the defense of any such claim, action, suit, proceeding or investigation from the Surviving Corporation within 10 Business Days of receipt by Parent or the Surviving Corporation from the Indemnified Party of a request therefor; provided, however, that any Third Party to whom expenses are advanced provides an undertaking to repay such advances if it is ultimately determined that such Third Party is not entitled to indemnification.
(b) Subject to the next sentence, the Surviving Corporation shall maintain, and Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation to maintain, at no expense to the Indemnified Parties, in effect for 6 years from the Effective Time the current policies of the directors and officers liability insurance maintained by the Company with respect to matters existing or occurring at or prior to the Effective Time (including the transactions contemplated by this Agreement), so long as the annual premium therefor would not be in excess of 120% of the annual premium paid by the Company in its most recent fiscal year, which premium is set forth in Section 7.13(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule (120% of such annual premium, the Maximum Premium). If the Companys existing insurance expires, is terminated or canceled during such six-year period or exceeds the Maximum Premium, the Surviving Corporation shall obtain, and Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation to obtain, as much directors and officers liability insurance as can be obtained for the remainder of such period for an annualized premium not in excess of the Maximum Premium, on terms and conditions as favorable as can be obtained in comparison to the Companys existing directors and officers liability insurance. The provisions of this Section 7.13(b) will be deemed to have been satisfied if Parent, with the cooperation of the Company, obtains prepaid policies prior to the Closing for purposes of this Section 7.13, which policies provide such Indemnified Parties with coverage no less advantageous to the insured for an aggregate period of six years with respect to claims arising from facts or events that occurred on or before the Effective Time (including those related to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby).
(c) If Parent fails to comply with its obligations under this Section 7.13, and, in order to enforce an Indemnified Partys rights under this Section 7.13, an Indemnified Party commences a suit that results in a judgment against Parent that Parent breached its obligations under this Section 7.13, Parent shall pay to the Indemnified Party its reasonable costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys fees and expenses) incurred in connection with such suit after delivery to Parent of reasonable documentation evidencing such costs and expenses.
(d) In the event that Parent, the Surviving Corporation or any of their respective Subsidiaries (or any of their respective successors or assigns) consolidates or merges with any other Person and is not the continuing or surviving Person in such consolidation or merger, then in each case proper provision shall be made so that the continuing or surviving Person (or its successors or assigns, if applicable) shall assume the obligations set forth in this Section 7.13.
(e) The provisions of this Section 7.13 are intended to be in addition to the rights otherwise available to the current officers and directors of the Company by law, charter, statute, by-law
49
or agreement, and operate for the benefit of, and are enforceable by, each of the Indemnified Parties, their heirs and their representatives in accordance with Section 10.8.
7.14 Takeover Statute. If any Takeover Statute is or may become applicable to the Merger or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Company and the Company Board shall grant such approvals and take such lawful actions as are necessary so that such transactions may be consummated as promptly as practicable on the terms contemplated by this Agreement or by the Merger and otherwise take such lawful actions to eliminate the effects of such statute or regulation on such transactions.
7.15 Section 16 Matters. Prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall take all such steps as may be required (to the extent permitted under applicable Law) to cause any dispositions of Company Common Stock (including derivative securities with respect to Company Common Stock) resulting from the transactions contemplated by Article I by each individual who is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act with respect to the Company to be exempt under Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act.
7.16 2006 Convertible Notes. Promptly following the date of this Agreement, the Company shall deliver to the noteholders thereunder the notices contemplated by Section 11(g) of the Companys 8% Convertible Senior Subordinated Promissory Notes issued on August 22, 2006 (the 2006 Notes), which notices shall be delivered consistent with the requirements of the 2006 Notes.
7.17 2006 Warrants. Promptly following the date of this Agreement, the Company shall deliver to the warrantholders thereunder the notices contemplated by Section 9(f) of the Companys warrants to purchase 2,815,766 shares of Company Common Stock issued on August 22, 2006 (the 2006 Warrants), which notices shall be delivered consistent with the requirements of the 2006 Warrants.
7.18 Intellectual Property. From and after the date of this Agreement and prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to execute, deliver and/or file with the appropriate Governmental Entities such documents and agreements (including, without limitation, any UCC-3 termination statements or other Patent and Trademark Office termination or release agreements), and take any other action necessary to ensure that (a) the Company is the sole record owner of each the Patents identified in Section 5.15(b(i) of the Company Disclosure Schedule and (b) any and all security interests in any Owned Intellectual Property granted in favor of Transamerica Business Credit Corporation or Imperial Bank are fully released and terminated.
ARTICLE VIII
CONDITIONS
8.1 Conditions to Each Partys Obligation to Effect the Merger. The respective obligation of each party to effect the Merger is subject to the satisfaction or waiver at or prior to the Effective Time of each of the following conditions:
(a) Stockholder Approval. The approval of this Agreement and the Merger must have been duly adopted at the Company Meeting, at which a quorum is present, by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock on the record date for the Company Meeting entitled to vote thereon.
(b) Antitrust Laws. Any filings required to be made under any applicable Antitrust Laws must have been made, and any approvals required to be obtained under any other applicable Antitrust Laws must have been obtained or any required waiting period periods must have expired or been terminated.
(c) No Injunctions. No Governmental Entity of competent jurisdiction has enacted, issued, promulgated, enforced or entered any order, executive order, stay, decree, judgment or injunction (preliminary or permanent) or statute, rule or regulation (each, an Order) which is in effect and which has the effect of making the Merger illegal or otherwise prohibiting consummation of the Merger or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
8.2 Conditions to Obligations of Parent and Merger Sub. The obligations of Parent and Merger Sub to effect the Merger are also subject to the satisfaction or waiver by Parent at or prior to the Effective Time of the following conditions:
(a) Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of the Company set forth in this Agreement must be true and correct (without giving effect to any limitation as
50
to materiality or Company Material Adverse Effect or any similar limitation set forth therein) as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date as though made on and as of such date and time (except to the extent that any such representation and warranty speaks of an earlier date, in which case such representation and warranty must be true and correct as of such earlier date) except for such inaccuracies (other than with respect to Sections 5.2, 5.3 and 5.22 which must be true and correct in all material respects) that have not had, and would not reasonably be expected to have, a Company Material Adverse Effect (it being understood that, for purposes of determining the accuracy of such representations and warranties, any update of or modification to the Company Disclosure Schedule purported to have been made after the execution of this Agreement will be disregarded). Parent must have received at the Closing a certificate signed on behalf of the Company by the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of the Company to the effect that each has read this Section 8.2(a) and the conditions set forth in this Section 8.2(a) have been satisfied.
(b) Performance of Obligations of the Company. The Company must have performed in all material respects all obligations required to be performed by it under this Agreement at or prior to the Closing Date, and Parent must have received a certificate signed on behalf of the Company by the Chief Executive Officer or the Chief Financial Officer of the Company to such effect.
(c) No Restraints. There has not been instituted, commenced, pending or threatened any action, investigation, proceeding or litigation:
(i) in which a Governmental Entity is (A) challenging or seeking to restrain or prohibit the consummation of the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement or (B) seeking to (x) prohibit or impair Parents ability to own or operate any of the businesses and assets of the Company or its Subsidiaries from and after the Effective Time or any of the businesses or assets of Parent or its Subsidiaries (including, without limitation, through any divestiture, licensing, lease or hold separate arrangement) or (y) prohibit or limit in any material respect Parents ability to vote, transfer, receive dividends with respect to or otherwise exercise ownership rights with respect to the stock of the Surviving Corporation (any such restraint, prohibition, impairment, limitation or result described in clause (A) and (B) above, a Burdensome Condition); or
(ii) which may reasonably be expected to result in the imposition of (A) criminal sanctions on the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (B) material penalties or fines to a Governmental Entity, or material restitution to a Third Party, in each case, resulting from the (x) conviction (including as a result of the entry of a guilty plea, a consent judgment or a plea of nolo contendere) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of a crime or (y) settlement with a Governmental Entity for the purpose of closing an investigation, being imposed on Parent or the Surviving Corporation or any of their respective Affiliates.
No Governmental Entity of competent jurisdiction has enacted, issued, promulgated, enforced or entered any Order imposing a Burdensome Condition.
(d) Governmental Approvals. All Company Approvals must have been obtained or made. Other than the filing pursuant to Section 1.3, all other authorizations, consents, orders or approvals of, or declarations, notices or filings with, or expirations of waiting periods imposed by, any Governmental Entity in connection with the Merger and the consummation of the other transactions contemplated hereby by the Company, Parent and Merger Sub must have been made or obtained (as the case may be) except those that the failure to make or obtain would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect or, individually or in the aggregate, a Parent Material Adverse Effect or provide a reasonable basis to conclude that the parties hereto or any of their Affiliates would be subject to risk of
51
criminal sanctions or any of their representatives would be subject to the risk of criminal or civil sanctions.
(e) No Company Material Adverse Effect. Since the date of this Agreement, there must not have occurred any change, event, circumstance or development (which, if curable, has not been cured) that has had, or would reasonably be expected to have, a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(f) Dissenting Shares. The aggregate number of Dissenting Shares, if any, must not be greater than ten percent (10%) of the total issued and outstanding shares of Company Common Stock as of immediately prior to the Effective Time.
(g) Sarbanes-Oxley Certifications. Neither the principal executive officer nor the principal financial officer of the Company has failed to provide the necessary certifications in the form required under Section 302 and Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act on any Company SEC Reports filed since the date of this Agreement and no material weaknesses exist with respect to the Companys internal control over financial reporting
(h) Intellectual Property Litigation. No Person has instituted or threatened any Action that challenges the validity and ownership of the Owned Intellectual Property, other than such Actions the outcome of which would not reasonably be expected to result in a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(i) Company Net Debt. The Company Net Debt must not exceed $15 million as of the Closing Date, giving effect to any payments required to be made by the Company or its Subsidiaries (including any Expenses that may come due and payable) on or prior to the Effective Time or as a result of the consummation of the Merger or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(j) VSP Product Development. The Company shall enhance its VSP product, including full testing thereof by Parent, to meet the specifications provided in ISO/IEC 13818-1, GENERIC CODING OF MOVING PICTURES AND ASSOCIATED AUDIO: SYSTEMS without modifying any other functionality of its VSP product.
(k) The Company has terminated each agreement listed in Section 5.9(a)-2 of the Company Disclosure Schedule.
8.3 Conditions to Obligation of the Company. The obligation of the Company to effect the Merger is also subject to the satisfaction or waiver by the Company at or prior to the Effective Time of the following conditions:
(a) Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of Parent set forth in this Agreement must be true and correct (without giving effect to any limitation as to
52
materiality or Parent Material Adverse Effect or any similar limitation set forth therein) as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date as though made on and as of such date and time (except to the extent that any such representation and warranty speaks of an earlier date, in which case such representation and warranty must be true and correct as of such earlier date) except for such inaccuracies that, individually or in the aggregate, have not had, and would not reasonably be expected to have, a Parent Material Adverse Effect. The Company must have received at the Closing a certificate signed on behalf of Parent by an executive officer of Parent to the effect that such executive officer has read this Section 8.3(a) and the conditions set forth in this Section 8.3(a) have been satisfied.
(b) Performance of Obligations of Parent and Merger Sub. Each of Parent and Merger Sub must have performed in all material respects all obligations required to be performed by it under this Agreement at or prior to the Closing Date, and the Company must have received a certificate signed on behalf of Parent and Merger Sub by an executive officer of Parent to such effect.
ARTICLE IX
TERMINATION
9.1 Termination by Mutual Consent. This Agreement may be terminated and the Merger may be abandoned at any time prior to the Effective Time, whether before or after the approval by stockholders of the Company referred to in Section 8.1(a) , by mutual written consent of the Company by action of the Company Board and Parent by action of its Chief Executive Officer.
9.2 Termination by Either Parent or the Company. This Agreement may be terminated and the Merger may be abandoned at any time prior to the Effective Time, whether before or after the approval by stockholders of the Company referred to in Section 8.1(a), by Parent, by action of its Chief Executive Officer or action of the Company Board and by written notice if:
(a) the Merger has not been consummated by March 31, 2007 (unless such date is extended by mutual written consent of Parent and the Company), whether such date is before or after the date of approval by the stockholders of the Company;
(b) the approval of the Companys stockholders required by Section 8.1(a) has not been obtained at the Company Meeting (after giving effect to any adjournment or postponement thereof if a vote on the approval of this Agreement and the Merger is taken at such Company Meeting or adjournment or postponement thereof); or
(c) any Order permanently restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting consummation of the Merger has become final and non-appealable, whether before or after the Company Meeting; provided such party used commercially reasonable efforts to have such Order lifted;
provided, however, that the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to clause (a) or (b) above shall not be available to any party that has breached or failed to perform in any material respect its obligations under this Agreement in any manner that shall have been the principal cause of or primarily resulted in the failure of the Merger to be consummated; provided, further, that, prior to or upon any termination by the Company pursuant to clause (b) above, the Company must have paid to Parent any Termination Fee then due and payable under Section 9.5 under the terms specified in Section 9.5.
9.3 Termination by the Company. This Agreement may be terminated and the Merger may be abandoned at any time prior to the Effective Time, whether before or after the approval by stockholders of the Company referred to in Section 8.1(a), by action of the Company Board:
53
(a) if prior to, but not after, the time the vote is taken with respect to the adoption of this Agreement at the Company Meeting, (i) the Company Board, pursuant to and in compliance with Section 7.2, has approved or recommended to the stockholders of the Company any Superior Proposal and (ii) prior to or upon termination pursuant to this Section 9.3(a), the Company has paid to Parent the Termination Fee then due and payable under Section 9.5; provided, however, that (A) prior to such termination pursuant to this Section 9.3(a), the Company notified Parent in writing promptly of its intention to terminate this Agreement and to enter into a binding written agreement concerning a Superior Proposal promptly following the Waiting Period (as defined below), attaching the most current version of such agreement (or, to the extent no such agreement is contemplated to be entered into by the Company in connection with such Superior Proposal, a description of all material terms and conditions of such Superior Proposal), and (B) Parent did not make, within three Business Days after its receipt of such written notification (the Waiting Period), an offer that the Company Board determined, in good faith after consultation with its financial advisor, is at least as favorable to the Companys stockholders from a financial point of view as such Superior Proposal (it being understood that (1) the Company shall not enter into any such binding agreement prior to or during the Waiting Period, (2) the Company shall keep Parent reasonably informed at all times during the Waiting Period of the status and material terms and conditions (including any amendment thereto) of such Superior Proposal and provide copies of all draft Alternative Acquisition Agreements relating to such Superior Proposal (and any executed confidentiality agreement entered into in the circumstances referred to in Section 7.2(a)), and (3) the Company shall notify Parent promptly if the Companys intention to enter into such binding written agreement changes at any time after giving notification of such Superior Proposal); or
(b) if there has been a breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement made by Parent or Merger Sub in this Agreement, or any such representation or warranty has become untrue after the date of this Agreement, such that the condition set forth in Sections 8.3(a) or 8.3(b), as the case may be, would not be satisfied and such breach is not cured within 20 days after written notice thereof is given by the Company to Parent; provided, however, that the right to terminate this Agreement by the Company will not be available to the Company if the Company is at that time in material breach of this Agreement.
9.4 Termination by Parent. This Agreement may be terminated and the Merger may be abandoned at any time prior to the Effective Time by Parent by action of its Chief Executive Officer:
(a) if a Company Triggering Event (as defined below) has occurred; or
(b) if there has been a breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement made by the Company in this Agreement, or any such representation or warranty has become untrue after the date of this Agreement, such that the condition set forth in Sections 8.2(a) or 8.2(b), as the case may be, would not be satisfied and such breach is not cured within 20 days after written notice thereof is given by Parent to the Company; provided, however, that the right to terminate this Agreement by Parent will not be available to Parent if Parent or Merger Sub is at that time in material breach of this Agreement.
For the purposes of this Agreement, a Company Triggering Event will be deemed to have occurred if:
(A) the Company Board fails to recommend approval of this Agreement and the Merger in the Proxy Statement, a Change in Company Recommendation occurs or the Company Board resolves to make a Change in Company Recommendation;
54
(B) the Company Board recommends to the stockholders of the Company a Competing Transaction, or publicly announces that it intends to do so or enters into any Alternative Acquisition Agreement accepting any Competing Transaction;
(C) a tender offer or exchange offer for the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company is commenced (other than pursuant to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement), and the Company Board fails to recommend against acceptance of such tender offer or exchange offer by its stockholders;
(D) the Company Board, upon request of Parent following receipt of a proposal or offer for a Competing Transaction, fails to reaffirm to Parent the approval or recommendation of the Merger and this Agreement within five Business Days after such request; or
(E) the Company or any of its officers, directors, representatives, or agents knowingly and materially breaches its obligations under Sections 7.2 or 7.5.
9.5 Effect of Termination and Abandonment.
(a) In the event of termination of this Agreement and the abandonment of the Merger pursuant to this Article IX, this Agreement (other than as set forth in Section 10.1) becomes void and of no effect with no liability or obligation on the part of any party (or of any of its directors, officers, employees, agents, legal and financial advisors or other representatives); provided, however, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, no termination relieves any party hereto of any liability or damages resulting from any fraud or willful or intentional breach of this Agreement. No termination of this Agreement affects the obligations of the parties contained in the Confidentiality Agreement, all of which obligations survive in accordance with their terms.
(b) The Company shall pay to Parent a fee equal to $1,375,000 (the Termination Fee) and shall pay all of the Expenses (as defined below) of Parent actually incurred from third parties relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement prior to termination (in each case payable by wire transfer of immediately available funds on the date that the Termination Fee or Expenses is due as provided below), in the event this Agreement is terminated:
(i) by Parent or the Company pursuant to Section 9.2(a) or (b), if the following occurs:
(A) after the date of this Agreement and prior to the Company Meeting, a Takeover Proposal (substituting 35% for the 15% threshold set forth in the definition of Competing Transaction for purposes this Section 9.5(b)(i)(A) is made to the Company or publicly disclosed prior to either (1) with respect to any termination pursuant to Section 9.2(a), the date of such termination or (2) with respect to any termination pursuant to Section 9.2(b), the date of the Company Meeting; and
(B) within 12 months of such termination the Company or any of its Subsidiaries enters into an Alternative Acquisition Agreement to consummate, or consummates or approves or recommends to the Companys stockholders a Competing Transaction (substituting 35% for the 15% threshold set forth in the definition of Competing Transaction for purposes of this Section 9.5(b)(i)(B));
55
(ii) by the Company (A) pursuant to Section 9.2(b) and, prior to the date of the Company Meeting, any event giving rise to Parents right of termination under Section 9.4(a) occurs or (B) pursuant to Section 9.3(a); or
(iii) by Parent pursuant to Section 9.4(a).
The Company shall pay to Parent the Termination Fee no later than: (x) 2 Business Days after the first to occur of the execution of an Alternative Acquisition Agreement (other than a confidentiality agreement), approval or recommendation to the Companys stockholders of a Takeover Proposal, failure to oppose a Takeover Proposal or the consummation of a Competing Transaction, in the case of clause (i) above; (y) on the date of termination of this Agreement in the case of clause (ii) above; and (z) two Business Days after termination of this Agreement in the case of clause (iii) above. The Company shall pay to Parent its Expenses within two Business Days after demand therefor and delivery to the Company of reasonable documentation therefor following the occurrence of the termination event giving rise to the Termination Fee payment obligation described in this Section 9.5(b). Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, Parent and Merger Sub agree that payment of such Termination Fee, if such payment is actually paid and is accepted by Parent, shall be the sole and exclusive remedy of Parent and Merger Sub upon the termination of this Agreement, and that all other damages or remedies, at law or in equity (including provisional remedies), that might otherwise have been available to Parent and Merger Sub are waived by Parent and Merger Sub upon the acceptance of such payment; provided, however, that prior to payment of such Termination Fee to Parent and acceptance by Parent thereof, nothing herein shall prohibit Parent from seeking specific performance of this Agreement; and provided, however, Parent shall not unreasonably reject the payment of any Termination Fee paid in connection with the termination of this Agreement in accordance with the termination provisions set forth in this Article IX. Under no circumstances shall the Termination Fee be payable more than once pursuant to this Article IX. The Company acknowledges that the agreements contained in this Section 9.5(b) are an integral part of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and that, without these agreements, Parent and Merger Sub would not enter into this Agreement. If the Company fails to pay the Termination Fee or Parents Expenses in accordance with this Section 9.5(b) and, in order to obtain such payment, Parent commences a suit that results in a judgment against the Company for the Termination Fee or Parents Expenses, as the case may be, the Company shall pay to Parent its reasonable costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys fees and expenses) incurred in connection with such suit, together with interest on the amount of the Termination Fee or Parents Expenses, from the date such payment was required to be made until the date of payment at the prime rate as announced in The Wall Street Journal in effect on the date such payment was required to be made, after delivery to the Company of reasonable documentation evidencing such costs and expenses.
ARTICLE X
MISCELLANEOUS AND GENERAL
10.1 Survival. This Article X and the covenants and agreements of the Company, Parent and Merger Sub that by their terms apply or are to be performed following the Effective Time, including Article IV and Section 7.13 (Indemnification; Directors and Officers Insurance) will survive the consummation of the Merger. This Article X, the agreements of the Company, Parent and Merger Sub contained in Section 9.5 (Effect of Termination and Abandonment) and the Confidentiality Agreement
56
will survive the termination of this Agreement. All other representations, warranties, covenants and agreements in this Agreement or in any certificate or other instrument delivered pursuant to this Agreement will not survive the consummation of the Merger or the termination of this Agreement.
10.2 Modification or Amendment. Subject to the provisions of applicable Law, at any time prior to the Effective Time, this Agreement may be amended, modified or supplemented in a writing signed on behalf of each of the parties hereto; provided, that no amendment, modification or supplement shall be made subsequent to adoption of the Agreement by the stockholders of the Company without obtaining further approval of such stockholders if such approval is required by Law or in accordance with any applicable listing standards.
10.3 Waiver of Conditions. The conditions to each of the parties obligations to consummate the Merger are for the sole benefit of such party and may be waived by such party in whole or in part to the extent permitted by applicable Law.
10.4 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, including counterparts transmitted by facsimile or electronic transmission, each such counterpart being deemed to be an original instrument, and all such counterparts together shall constitute the same agreement.
10.5 GOVERNING LAW AND VENUE; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL.
(a) THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE MADE IN AND IN ALL RESPECTS SHALL BE INTERPRETED, CONSTRUED AND GOVERNED BY AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAW OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CONFLICTS OF LAW PRINCIPLES THEREOF. THE PARTIES HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMIT TO THE JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE AND THE FEDERAL COURTS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LOCATED IN THE STATE OF DELAWARE SOLELY IN RESPECT OF THE INTERPRETATION AND ENFORCEMENT OF THE PROVISIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT AND OF THE DOCUMENTS REFERRED TO IN THIS AGREEMENT, AND IN RESPECT OF THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY, AND HEREBY WAIVE, AND AGREE NOT TO ASSERT, AS A DEFENSE IN ANY ACTION, SUIT OR PROCEEDING FOR THE INTERPRETATION OR ENFORCEMENT HEREOF OR OF ANY SUCH DOCUMENT, THAT IT IS NOT SUBJECT THERETO OR THAT SUCH ACTION, SUIT OR PROCEEDING MAY NOT BE BROUGHT OR IS NOT MAINTAINABLE IN SAID COURTS OR THAT THE VENUE THEREOF MAY NOT BE APPROPRIATE OR THAT THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY SUCH DOCUMENT MAY NOT BE ENFORCED IN OR BY SUCH COURTS, AND THE PARTIES HERETO IRREVOCABLY AGREE THAT ALL CLAIMS WITH RESPECT TO SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING WILL BE HEARD AND DETERMINED IN SUCH A DELAWARE STATE OR FEDERAL COURT. THE PARTIES HEREBY CONSENT TO AND GRANT ANY SUCH COURT JURISDICTION OVER THE PERSON OF SUCH PARTIES AND, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, OVER THE SUBJECT MATTER OF SUCH DISPUTE AND AGREE THAT MAILING OF PROCESS OR OTHER PAPERS IN CONNECTION WITH ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING IN THE MANNER PROVIDED IN SECTION 10.6 OR IN SUCH OTHER MANNER AS MAY BE PERMITTED BY LAW WILL BE VALID AND SUFFICIENT SERVICE THEREOF.
(b) EACH PARTY ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT ANY CONTROVERSY WHICH MAY ARISE UNDER THIS AGREEMENT IS LIKELY TO INVOLVE COMPLICATED AND DIFFICULT ISSUES, AND THEREFORE EACH SUCH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT SUCH PARTY MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY LITIGATION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY
57
ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY THIS AGREEMENT. EACH PARTY CERTIFIES AND ACKNOWLEDGES THAT (i) NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER, (ii) EACH PARTY UNDERSTANDS AND HAS CONSIDERED THE IMPLICATIONS OF THIS WAIVER, (iii) EACH PARTY MAKES THIS WAIVER VOLUNTARILY, AND (iv) EACH PARTY HAS BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 10.5.
10.6 Notices. Any notice, request, instruction or other document to be given hereunder by any party to the others will be in writing and delivered personally or sent by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, or by facsimile:
(a) if to Parent or Merger Sub, to:
Motorola, Inc.
1303 East Algonquin Road
Schaumburg, Illinois 60196
Attention: General Counsel
Facsimile: (847) 576-3750
with a copy (which will not constitute notice) to:
Baker & McKenzie LLP
Two Embarcadero Center, 11th Floor
San Francisco, CA 94111-3909
Attention: Shane M. Byrne, Esq.
Facsimile: (415) 576-3099
(b) if to the Company, to:
Tut Systems, Inc.
6000 SW Meadows Road
Lake Oswego, Oregon 97035
Attention: Salvatore DAuria
Telephone: (971) 217-0400
Facsimile:   ###-###-####
with a copy (which will not constitute notice) to:
DLA Piper US LLP
4365 Executive Drive, Suite 1100
San Diego, California 92121
Attention: Marty B. Lorenzo, Esq.
Matthew W. Leivo, Esq.
Telephone: (858) 677-1430
Facsimile:   ###-###-####
58
or to such other persons or addresses as may be designated in writing by the party to receive such notice as provided above.
10.7 Entire Agreement. This Agreement (including any annexes, exhibits and schedules to this Agreement), the Company Disclosure Schedule, Parent Disclosure Schedule, the Stockholder Agreement and the Nondisclosure Agreement, dated September 21, 2006, by and between the Company and Parent (as may be amended in writing, the Confidentiality Agreement) constitute the entire agreement, and supersede all other prior agreements, understandings, representations and warranties both written and oral, among the parties, with respect to the subject matter of this Agreement.
10.8 No Third Party Beneficiaries. Except as provided in Section 7.13 (Indemnification; Directors and Officers Insurance), this Agreement is not intended and will not be deemed or construed to confer upon any Person other than the parties who are signatories to this Agreement any rights or remedies hereunder. For the avoidance of doubt, Parent and the Company hereby agree that their respective representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement are solely for the benefit of the other party in accordance with and subject to the terms of this Agreement. The parties further agree that the rights of third person beneficiaries under Section 7.13 do not arise unless and until the Effective Time occurs.
10.9 Obligations of Parent and of the Company. Whenever this Agreement requires a Subsidiary of Parent to take any action, such requirement will be deemed to include an undertaking on the part of Parent to cause such Subsidiary to take such action. Whenever this Agreement requires a Subsidiary of the Company to take any action, such requirement will be deemed to include an undertaking on the part of the Company to cause such Subsidiary to take such action and, after the Effective Time, on the part of the Surviving Corporation to cause such Subsidiary to take such action.
10.10 Definitions. Each of the terms set forth in the list of defined terms included in this Agreement is defined in the Section of this Agreement set forth opposite such term.
10.11 Severability. The provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed severable and the invalidity or unenforceability of any provision shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the other provisions hereof. If any provision of this Agreement, or the application of any such provision to any Person or any circumstance, is invalid or unenforceable, (a) a suitable and equitable provision will be substituted therefor in order to carry out, so far as may be valid and enforceable, the intent and purpose of such invalid or unenforceable provision and (b) the remainder of this Agreement and the application of such provision to other Persons or circumstances will not be affected by such invalidity or unenforceability, nor will such invalidity or unenforceability affect the validity or enforceability of such provision, or the application of it, in any other jurisdiction.
10.12 Interpretation; Construction.
(a) The table of contents and headings in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only, shall not constitute part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or otherwise affect any of the provisions hereof. Where a reference in this Agreement is made to a Section or Exhibit, such reference shall be to a Section of or Exhibit to this Agreement unless otherwise indicated. Whenever the words include, includes or including are used in this Agreement, they shall be deemed to be followed by the words without limitation. Whenever the word shall is used in this Agreement, it means has a duty to and the words shall not or similar words mean has a duty not to.
59
(b) For purposes of this Agreement, knowledge or known shall mean, with respect to the Company, the actual knowledge of the Salvatore DAuria, Scott Spangenberg, Robert Noonan, Edward Bender, Walter Wolman, Gregory Ioffe, Jon Armbrust, Kay Stowers, Thomas Pizza, Forney Lee Buchanan, Jeffrey Jensen, Raja Kolli, Mayer Schwartz, Darren Wetherhold, and Deborah Dang or such information as would be expected to be known by a reasonably prudent individual acting in respective capacities of such individuals in a company the size and nature of the Company.
(c) The parties have participated jointly in negotiating and drafting this Agreement. In the event that an ambiguity or a question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement will be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties, and no presumption or burden of proof will arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any provision of this Agreement.
10.13 Assignment. This Agreement shall not be assignable by operation of Law or otherwise; provided, however, that Parent may designate, by written notice to the Company, another wholly-owned direct or indirect Subsidiary to be a Constituent Corporation in lieu of Merger Sub, in which event all references to Merger Sub shall be deemed references to such other Subsidiary, except that all representations and warranties made with respect to Merger Sub as of the date of this Agreement shall be deemed representations and warranties made with respect to such other Subsidiary as of the date of such designation. Any purported assignment in violation of this Agreement is void.
10.14 Expenses. Except as set forth in Section 9.5, all fees, charges and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby (including, without limitation, the fees and expenses of its advisors, brokers, finders, agents, accountants and legal counsel) (Expenses) shall be paid by the party incurring such fees and expenses, whether or not the Merger is consummated.
(This space intentionally left blank)
60
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the duly authorized officers of the parties hereto as of the date first written above.
MOTOROLA, INC. | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
MOTOROLA GTG SUBSIDIARY V. CORP. | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
TUT SYSTEMS, INC. | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
61
EXHIBIT A
VOTING AGREEMENT AND IRREVOCABLE PROXY
THIS VOTING AGREEMENT AND IRREVOCABLE PROXY (this Agreement) is made and entered into as of December 20, 2006, by and among Motorola, Inc., a Delaware corporation (Parent), and each of the stockholders whose names appear on the signature pages of this Agreement (each, a Stockholder and, collectively, the Stockholders).
RECITALS
A. Concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, Parent, GTG Subsidiary V Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (Merger Sub), and Tut Systems, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the Company) have entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the Merger Agreement), which provides for the merger (the Merger) of Merger Sub with and into the Company.
B. Pursuant to the Merger, all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company will be canceled and converted into the right to receive the consideration set forth in the Merger Agreement upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement.
C. As of the date hereof, each Stockholder Beneficially Owns (as defined below) the number of Shares (as defined below) of capital stock of the Company as set forth on Exhibit A of this Agreement.
D. In order to induce Parent and Merger Sub to execute the Merger Agreement, the Stockholders desire to restrict the transfer or disposition of, and desire to vote, the Shares as provided in this Agreement, and the execution and delivery of this Agreement is a material condition to Parents willingness to enter into the Merger Agreement.
E. As stockholders of the Company, the Stockholders will benefit from the execution and delivery of the Merger Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:
1. Certain Definitions. Capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Merger Agreement. For purposes of this Agreement:
(a) A Person shall be deemed to Beneficially Own a security if such Person has beneficial ownership of such securities as determined pursuant to Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
(b) Constructive Sale means, with respect to any security, a short sale or entering into or acquiring an offsetting derivative contract with respect to such security, entering into or acquiring a futures or
62
forward contract to deliver such security or entering into any other hedging or other derivative transaction that has the effect of materially changing the economic benefits and risks of ownership of such security.
(c) Expiration Date means the earlier to occur of (i) such date and time as the Merger shall become effective in accordance with the terms and provisions of the Merger Agreement and (ii) such date and time as the Merger Agreement shall have been validly terminated pursuant to Article IX thereof.
(d) Shares means, with respect to each Stockholder: (i) all shares of capital stock of the Company Beneficially Owned by such Stockholder as of the date of this Agreement; and (ii) all shares of capital stock of the Company of which such Stockholder acquires Beneficial Ownership during the period from the date of this Agreement through and including the Expiration Date.
(e) Transfer means, with respect to any security, the direct or indirect assignment, sale, transfer, tender, pledge, hypothecation, gift, placement in trust, Constructive Sale or other disposition of such security (excluding transfers by testamentary or intestate succession), of any right, title or interest in such security (including, without limitation, any right or power to vote to which the holder thereof may be entitled, whether such right or power is granted by proxy or otherwise) or of the record or beneficial ownership of such security, and each agreement, arrangement or understanding, whether or not in writing, to effect any of the foregoing, but excluding any Transfer pursuant to a court order or any Transfer to an affiliate or trust, in each case that is under the control of a Stockholder.
2. No Transfer of Shares. Each Stockholder agrees that, at all times during the period beginning on the date hereof and ending on the Expiration Date, such Stockholder shall not Transfer (or cause or permit any Transfer of) any Shares or make any agreement relating thereto, in each case, without the prior written consent of Parent; provided, however, (i) during the period from date hereof until the earlier of (a) the date following the record date (the Record Date) for any meeting of the stockholders of the Company, however called, and for every action or approval by written consent of stockholders of the Company, in each case, with respect to the matters matters described in Sections 4(a)(i), (ii) and (iii) hereof and (b) February 14, 2007, the Stockholders, collectively, may Transfer, in the aggregate, up to 1,271,998 Shares and (ii) from and after the earlier of (x) two days after the Record Date and (y) February 15, 2007, the Stockholders, collectively, may Transfer, in the aggregate, and together with all shares transferred pursuant to the foregoing clause (i), up to 3,179,995 Shares; provided, further, that with respect to any Shares Transferred pursuant to the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii) which are Transferred after the Record Date the Stockholders shall vote such Transferred Shares in accordance with the provisions of Section 4 hereof. Each Stockholder agrees that any Transfer in violation of this Agreement shall be void and of no force or effect.
63
3. No Transfer of Voting Rights. Each Stockholder agrees that, during the period from the date of this Agreement through and including the Expiration Date, such Stockholder shall not deposit (or cause or permit the deposit of) any Shares in a voting trust or grant (or cause or permit the grant of) any proxy or enter into (or cause or permit the entry into) any voting agreement or similar agreement with respect to any of the Shares other than as contemplated by this Agreement. This Section 3 shall not prohibit Transfers permitted by Section 2 of this Agreement.
4. Agreement to Vote Shares.
(a) Until the Expiration Date, at every meeting of stockholders of the Company, however called, at every adjournment or postponement thereof, and on every action or approval by written consent of stockholders of the Company with respect to any of the following, each Stockholder shall vote, to the extent not voted by the Person(s) appointed under the proxy granted under Section 5 hereof, all of the Shares or cause the Shares to be voted:
(i) in favor of (1) adoption of the Merger Agreement, including all actions and transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and (2) the adjournment or postponement of the meeting of stockholders of the Company to approve the Merger Agreement and all actions and transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, if necessary or appropriate, to solicit additional proxies if there are insufficient votes at the time of the special meeting to adopt the Merger Agreement;
(ii) against (1) approval of any proposal made in opposition to, or in competition with, the Merger Agreement or consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, and (2) any action or agreement that would result in a breach of any representation, warranty, covenant, agreement or other obligation of the Company in the Merger Agreement; and
(iii) against (1) any merger agreement or merger (other than the Merger Agreement and the Merger), Takeover Proposal, consolidation, business combination, reorganization, recapitalization, dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, (2) any sale, lease, license or transfer of any significant part of the assets of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, or (3) any other action that is intended, or could reasonably be expected, to, in any manner, impede, frustrate, prevent, nullify, interfere with, delay, postpone, discourage or otherwise adversely affect the Merger Agreement, the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement.
(b) No Stockholder shall enter into any agreement or understanding with any person to vote or give instructions in any manner inconsistent with this Section 4.
5. Irrevocable Proxy. Each Stockholder hereby irrevocably (to the fullest extent permitted by law) appoints Parent, and any designee of Parent, and each of them individually, as the sole and exclusive attorneys-in-fact and proxies of such Stockholder with full power of substitution and resubstitution, at any time after the date hereof and prior to the Expiration Date to vote and exercise all voting and related rights with respect to, and to grant a consent or approval in respect of (in each case, to the full extent that such Stockholder is entitled to do so), all of the Shares (including, without limitation, the power to execute and deliver written consents), at every annual, special, adjourned or postponed meeting of stockholders of the Company and in every written consent in lieu of such meeting in accordance with Section 4 hereof. THIS PROXY AND POWER OF ATTORNEY IS IRREVOCABLE AND COUPLED WITH AN INTEREST. Upon the execution of this Agreement by each Stockholder, such Stockholder hereby revokes any and all prior proxies or powers of attorney given by such Stockholder with respect to voting of the Shares on the matters referred to in Section 4 and agrees not to grant any subsequent proxies or powers of attorney with respect to the voting of the Shares on the matters referred to in Section 4 until after the Expiration Date. Each Stockholder understands and acknowledges that Parent is entering into the Merger Agreement in reliance upon the Stockholders execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Stockholders granting of the proxies contained in this Section 5. Each
64
Stockholder hereby affirms that the proxy granted in this Section 5 is given in connection with the execution of the Merger Agreement, and that such proxy is given to secure the performance of the duties of such Stockholder under this Agreement. Each Stockholder agrees to execute any further agreement or form reasonably necessary to confirm and effectuate the grant of the proxy contained herein.
6. Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Stockholders. As of the date hereof, each Stockholder represents, warrants and covenants to Parent as follows:
(a) Such Stockholder is the Beneficial Owner of the Shares indicated on the Exhibit A to this Agreement.
(b) Such Stockholder does not Beneficially Own any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, shares of capital stock of the Company, other than the Shares set forth on Exhibit A hereto.
(c) Such Stockholder has the full power to dispose, vote or direct the voting of the Shares for and on behalf of all beneficial owners of the Shares.
(d) The Shares are, and at all times up to and including the Expiration Date the Shares will be, Beneficially Owned by such Stockholder, free and clear of any rights of first refusal, co-sale rights, security interests, liens, pledges, options, charges, proxies, voting trusts or agreements, or any other encumbrances of any kind or nature (Encumbrances).
(e) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by such Stockholder do not, and such Stockholders performance of its obligations under this Agreement will not conflict with or violate or require any consent, approval or notice under, any order, decree, judgment, statute, law, rule, regulation or agreement applicable to such Stockholder or by which such Stockholder or any of such Stockholders properties or assets, including, without limitation the Shares, is bound.
(f) Such Stockholder has full power and authority to make, enter into and carry out the terms of this Agreement with respect to all of the Shares without limitation, qualification or restriction on such power and authority.
65
(g) The failure of the spouse, if any, of such Stockholder to be a party or signatory to this Agreement shall not (i) prevent such Stockholder from performing such Stockholders obligations and consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder or (ii) prevent this Agreement from constituting the legal, valid and binding obligation of such Stockholder in accordance with its terms.
7. Consents and Waivers. Each Stockholder hereby gives all consents and waivers that may be required from it for the execution delivery of this Agreement and for the consummation of the Merger under the terms of any agreement or instrument to which such Stockholder is a party or subject or in respect of any rights such Stockholder may have. Each Stockholder further consents to the Company placing a stop transfer order on the Shares with its transfer agent(s), which stop transfer order shall, at the request of Parent remain in effect during the term of this Agreement and in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, each Stockholder further consents and authorizes Parent and the Company to publish and disclose in the Proxy Statement (including all documents filed with the SEC in connection therewith) such Stockholders identity and ownership of the Shares and the nature of such Stockholders commitments, arrangements and understandings under this Agreement.
8. Termination. This Agreement shall terminate and shall have no further force or effect as of the Expiration Date.
9. Legending of Shares. Each Stockholder agrees that, if so requested by Parent, certificates evidencing the Shares of such Stockholder shall bear the following legend:
THE SHARES OF STOCK REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN VOTING AND TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS PURSUANT TO THAT CERTAIN VOTING AGREEMENT AND IRREVOCABLE PROXY, DATED AS OF DECEMBER 20, 2006, BY AND AMONG MOTOROLA, INC. AND [STOCKHOLDER] WHICH INCLUDES AN IRREVOCABLE PROXY IN FAVOR OF MOTOROLA, INC. ANY TRANSFER OF SUCH SHARES OF COMMON STOCK IN VIOLATION OF THE TERMS AND PROVISIONS OF SUCH VOTING AGREEMENT SHALL BE NULL AND VOID AND HAVE NO FORCE OR EFFECT WHATSOEVER.
10. Takeover Proposals.
(a) Each Stockholder agrees that it shall not, and that it shall use all reasonable efforts to cause such Stockholders agents and representatives (including any investment banker, attorney or accountant retained by such Stockholder) to not (and shall not authorize or permit any of them to), directly or indirectly (a) solicit, initiate, facilitate, respond to or encourage, including by way of furnishing non-public information, any inquiries regarding or relating to, or the submission of, any Takeover Proposal or (b) participate in any discussions or negotiations, furnish to any Person any information or data relating to the Company or its Subsidiaries, provide access to any of the properties, books, records or employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries or take any other action, in each such case regarding or to facilitate the making of any proposal that constitutes, or may reasonably be expected to lead to, any Takeover Proposal.
66
(b) Each Stockholder will immediately cease and cause to be terminated any and all existing activities, discussions or negotiations (including, without limitation, any such activities, discussions or negotiations conducted by agents and representatives (including any investment banker, financial advisor, attorney, accountant or other representative)) of such Stockholder with any third parties conducted heretofore with respect to consideration of any Takeover Proposal.
11. Miscellaneous.
(a) Waiver. No failure on the part of Parent to exercise any power, right, privilege or remedy under this Agreement, and no delay on the part of Parent in exercising any power, right, privilege or remedy under this Agreement, shall operate as a waiver of such power, right, privilege or remedy; and no single or partial exercise of any such power, right, privilege or remedy shall preclude any other or further exercise thereof or of any other power, right, privilege or remedy. Parent shall not be deemed to have waived any claim arising out of this Agreement, or any power, right, privilege or remedy under this Agreement, unless the waiver of such claim, power, right, privilege or remedy is expressly set forth in a written instrument duly executed and delivered on behalf of Parent; and any such waiver shall not be applicable or have any effect except in the specific instance in which it is given.
(b) Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed duly given (i) on the date of delivery if delivered personally or by courier service, (ii) on the date of confirmation of receipt (or the first business day following such receipt if the date is not a business day) if sent via facsimile (receipt confirmed), or (iii) on the date of confirmation of receipt (or the first business day following such receipt if the date is not a business day) if delivered by a nationally recognized courier service. All notices hereunder shall be delivered to the parties at the following addresses or facsimile numbers (or pursuant to such other instructions as may be designated in writing by the party to receive such notice):
(i) if to Parent or Merger Sub, to:
Motorola, Inc.
1303 E. Algonquin Road
Schaumburg, Illinois 60196
Attn: Chief Financial Officer
Facsimile No: (847)  ###-###-####
67
with a copies to:
Motorola, Inc.
Law Department
1303 E. Algonquin Road
Schaumburg, Illinois 60196
Attention: General Counsel
Facsimile No: (847)  ###-###-####
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Baker & McKenzie LLP
Two Embarcadero Center, 11th Floor
San Francisco, California 94111
Attention: Shane M. Byrne
Facsimile No: (415)  ###-###-####
(ii) if to the Stockholders, to:
c/o Kopp Investment Advisors
7701 France Avenue South, Suite 500
Edina, Minnesota 55435
Attention: Peter Conrad
Facsimile No: (952)  ###-###-####
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Godfrey & Kahn, S.C.
780 North Water Street
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202
Attention: Helge Krist Lee
Facsimile No: (414)  ###-###-####
(c) Headings. All captions and section headings used in this Agreement are for convenience only and do not form a part of this Agreement.
(d) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered to the other parties, it being understood that all parties need not sign the same counterpart.
(e) Entire Agreement; Amendment. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof. This Agreement may
68
not be changed or modified, except by an agreement in writing specifically referencing this Agreement and executed by each of Parent and the Stockholders.
(f) Severability. In the event that any provision of this Agreement, shall be determined to be invalid, unlawful, void or unenforceable to any extent, the remainder of this Agreement shall not be impaired or otherwise affected and shall continue to be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.
(g) Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, regardless of the laws that might otherwise govern under applicable principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each of the parties hereto irrevocably consents to the exclusive jurisdiction and venue of the Delaware Court of Chancery and any state appellate court therefrom within the State of Delaware (or, if the Delaware Court of Chancery declines to accept jurisdiction over a particular matter, any state or federal court within the State of Delaware) in connection with any matter based upon or arising out of this Agreement or the matters contemplated herein, agrees that process may be served upon them in any manner authorized by the laws of the State of Delaware for such persons and waives and covenants not to assert or plead any objection which they might otherwise have to such jurisdiction, venue and such process.
(h) Rules of Construction. The parties hereto agree that they have been represented by counsel during the negotiation and execution of this Agreement and, therefore, waive the application of any law, regulation, holding or rule of construction providing that ambiguities in an agreement or other document will be construed against the party drafting such agreement or document.
(i) Remedies. The parties acknowledge that Parent will be irreparably harmed and that there will be no adequate remedy at law in the event of a violation or breach of any of the terms of this Agreement. Therefore, it is agreed that, in addition to any other remedies that may be available to Parent upon any such violation or breach, Parent shall have the right to enforce the terms hereof by specific performance, injunctive relief or by any other means available to Parent at law or in equity, and that each Stockholder waives the posting of any bond or security in connection with any proceedings related thereto. All rights,
69
powers and remedies provided under this Agreement or otherwise available in respect hereof at law or in equity shall be cumulative and not alternative, and the exercise or beginning of the exercise of any thereof by Parent shall not preclude the simultaneous or later exercise of any other such right, power or remedy by Parent.
(j) Binding Effect; No Assignment. This Agreement and all of the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective heirs, successors and permitted assigns, but, except as otherwise specifically provided herein, neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations of the parties hereto may be assigned by any of the parties without the prior written consent of the other parties. Any purported assignment in violation of this Section 11(j) shall be void.
70
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this Voting Agreement and Irrevocable Proxy on the date first above written.
PARENT | ||
MOTOROLA, INC., a Delaware corporation | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
STOCKHOLDERS | ||
KOPP INVESTMENT ADVISORS, LLC, a Minnesota limited liability company, for and on behalf of its clients for whom it acts as discretionary investment advisor pursuant to a valid power of attorney | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
KOPP HOLDING COMPANY, a Minnesota corporation | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
KOPP FUNDS, INC., a Minnesota corporation, for and on behalf of Kopp Emerging Growth Fund, a series thereof | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: | ||
LEROY C. KOPP, an individual | ||
/s/ LEROY C. KOPP |
71
Exhibit A
Stockholder: KOPP INVESTMENT ADVISORS, LLC, a Minnesota limited liability company, for and on behalf of its clients for whom it acts as discretionary investment advisor pursuant to a valid power of attorney
Number of Shares: 6,816,779
Stockholder: KOPP HOLDING COMPANY, a Minnesota Corporation
Number of Shares: 435,000
Stockholder: KOPP FUNDS, INC., a Minnesota corporation, for and on behalf of Kopp
Emerging Growth Fund, a series thereof
Number of Shares: 3,123,200
Stockholder: LEROY C. KOPP
Number of Shares: 2,345,000
72