SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

Sirna Therapeutics, Inc.

185 Berry Street, Suite 6504

San Francisco, CA 94107

Ladies & Gentlemen:

The undersigned, [         ] (the “Investor”), hereby confirms its agreement with you as follows:

1. This Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) is made as of July __, 2005 between Sirna Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the Investor.

2. The Company has authorized the sale and issuance of up to 18,750,000 shares (the “Shares”) of common stock of the Company, $.01 par value per share (the “Common Stock”), and Warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase up to 6,750,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $1.92 per share (the “Warrant Shares”) to certain investors in a private placement (the “Offering”).

3. The Company and the Investor agree that the Investor will purchase from the Company and the Company will issue and sell to the Investor [__________] Shares and a Warrant to purchase [__________] Warrant Shares, for a purchase price of $1.60 per share, or an aggregate purchase price of $[____________], pursuant to the Terms and Conditions for Purchase of Shares and Warrants attached hereto as Annex I and incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein (the “Terms and Conditions”). This Securities Purchase Agreement, together with the Terms and Conditions which are incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein, may hereinafter be referred to as the “Agreement.” Unless otherwise requested by the Investor, the Warrant and certificates representing the Shares purchased by the Investor will be registered in the Investor’s name and address as set forth below. The Warrant shall have the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions as set forth in the form of Warrant attached as Exhibit B.

4. The Investor represents that, except as set forth below, (a) it has had no position, office or other material relationship within the past three years with the Company or persons known to it to be affiliates of the Company, (b) neither it, nor any group of which it is a member or to which it is related, beneficially owns (including the right to acquire or vote) any securities of the Company and (c) it has no direct or indirect affiliation or association with any NASD member as of the date hereof. Exceptions:

______________________________________________________________________________________________.

(If no exceptions, write “none.” If left blank, response will be deemed to be “none.”)

5. Please confirm that the foregoing correctly sets forth the agreement between us by signing in the space provided below for that purpose. By executing this Agreement, the Investor acknowledges that the Company may use the information in paragraph 4 above and the name and address information below in preparation of the Registration Statement (as defined in Annex 1). This Agreement may be executed in separate counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

 

AGREED AND ACCEPTED:  Sirna Therapeutics, Inc.      __________________________________ By: Howard W. Robin   Title: President and Chief Executive Officer

Investor: ___________________________________   By: _______________________________________   Print Name: _________________________________   Title: ______________________________________ Address: ___________________________________ Tax ID No.: __________________________________ Contact name: ________________________________ Telephone: __________________________________ Name in which shares should be registered (if different): ___________________________________________

 

1. Authorization and Sale of the Shares and Warrants. Subject to these Terms and Conditions, the Company has authorized the sale of up to 18,750,000 Shares and Warrants to purchase up to 6,750,000 Warrant Shares. The Company reserves the right to increase or decrease this number.

2. Agreement to Sell and Purchase the Shares and Warrants; Subscription Date.

2.1 At the Closing (as defined in Section 3), the Company will sell to the Investor, and the Investor will purchase from the Company, upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth, the number of Shares and a Warrant to purchase the number of Warrant Shares, each as set forth in Section 3 of the Securities Purchase Agreement to which these Terms and Conditions are attached at the purchase price set forth thereon.

2.2 The Company may enter into the same form of Securities Purchase Agreement, including these Terms and Conditions, with other investors (the “Other Investors”) and expects to complete sales of Shares and Warrants to them. (The Investor and the Other Investors are hereinafter sometimes collectively referred to as the “Investors,” and the Securities Purchase Agreement to which these Terms and Conditions are attached and the Securities Purchase Agreements (including attached Terms and Conditions) executed by the Other Investors are hereinafter sometimes collectively referred to as the “Agreements.”) The Company may accept executed Agreements from Investors for the purchase of Shares and Warrants commencing upon the date on which the Company provides the Investors with the proposed purchase price per Share and concluding upon the date (the “Subscription Date”) on which the Company has (i) executed Agreements with Investors for the purchase of at least 8,900,000 Shares and Warrants to purchase at least 2,670,000 Warrant Shares, and (ii) notified Thomas Weisel Partners LLC, in its capacity as placement agent for this transaction (the “Placement Agent”), in writing that it is no longer accepting additional Agreements from Investors for the purchase of Shares and Warrants. The Company may not enter into any Agreements after the Subscription Date.

2.3 The obligations of each Investor under any Agreement are several and not joint with the obligations of any Other Investor, and no Investor shall be responsible in any way for the performance of the obligations of any other Investor under any Agreement. Nothing contained herein, and no action taken by any Investor hereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Investors as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Investors are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated hereby, provided that such obligations or the transactions contemplated hereby may be modified, amended or waived in accordance with Section 9 below. Each Investor shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights, including without limitation the rights arising out of this Agreement (provided, that such rights may be modified, amended or waived in accordance with Section 9 below), and it shall not be necessary for any Other Investor to be joined as an additional party in any proceeding for such purpose.

3. Delivery of the Shares and Warrants at Closing. The completion of the purchase and sale of the Shares and Warrants (the “Closing”) shall occur on July 6, 2005 (the “Closing Date”), at the offices of the Company’s counsel; provided, however, that the Closing for the purposes of (i) any sale of Shares and Warrants to Investors who are officers or directors of the Company, or their affiliates (collectively, the “Affiliate Investors”) and (ii) any sale of Shares and Warrants to non-Affiliate Investors in excess of 19.99% of the outstanding common stock on the trading day immediately preceding the date set forth above (the “Excess Amount”) shall be subject to such stockholder approval and shall be the date which is one business day following such stockholder approval. The Affiliate Investors shall place the full purchase price for the Shares and Warrants being purchased by them hereunder in escrow (the “Escrow”) pursuant to the terms of the Escrow Agreement (defined below) at the initial Closing. In addition, each non-Affiliate Investor shall place a portion of its purchase price for the Shares and Warrants being purchased by it hereunder into the Escrow, such pro rata portion being equal to the product of (A) the Excess Amount and (B) a fraction equal to (1) the number of Shares purchased by such non-Affiliate Investor divided by (2) the total number of Shares being purchased by all non-Affiliate Investors. At the Closing, the Company shall deliver to the Investor one or more stock certificates representing the number of Shares and a Warrant to purchase the number of Warrant Shares, each as set forth pursuant to Section 3 of the Securities Purchase Agreement, each such certificate to be registered in the name of the Investor or, if so indicated on the signature page of the Securities Purchase Agreement, in the name of a nominee designated by the Investor.

The Company’s obligation to issue and deliver the Shares and Warrant to the Investor shall be subject to the following conditions, any one or more of which may be waived by the Company: (a) receipt by U.S. Bank National Association (the “Escrow Agent”) under the Escrow Agreement dated as of July 1, 2005 by and between the Company and the Escrow Agent (the “Escrow Agreement”) of a certified or official bank check or wire transfer of funds in the full amount of the purchase price for the Shares and Warrant being purchased hereunder as set forth in Section 3 of the Securities Purchase Agreement; (b) completion of the purchases and sales under the Agreements with the Other Investors, subject to the provisos in the previous and following paragraphs with regard to the Affiliate Investors; (c) receipt by the Company of a completed Investor Questionnaire; (d) the accuracy of the representations and warranties made by the Investors and the fulfillment of those undertakings of the Investors to be fulfilled prior to the Closing; and (e) the filing of a Form 8-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) disclosing the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereby and any information provided by the Company or any person acting on its behalf that the Company believes constitutes material and non-public information.

The Investor’s obligation to purchase the Shares and Warrant shall be subject to the following conditions, any one or more of which may be waived by the Investor: (a) Investors shall have executed Agreements for the purchase of at least 8,900,000 Shares and Warrants to purchase at least 2,670,000 Warrant Shares (the “Minimum Purchase Amount”); (b) each of the Affiliate Investors shall have executed and delivered to the Company voting agreements in the form attached as Exhibit C with respect to the voting of the shares of common stock of the Company; (c) receipt by the Escrow Agent of the Minimum Purchase Amount (including the Shares and Warrants to be purchased by the Affiliate Investors), provided that funds (i) provided for the purchase of the Excess Amount and (ii) provided by Affiliate Investors shall be released to the Company from Escrow by the Escrow Agent upon receipt of a certificate of the Secretary of the Company that the required stockholder approval has been obtained (it being understood that all other funds shall be released to the Company from Escrow at the Closing by the Escrow Agent upon its receipt of the Minimum Purchase Amount); (d) the representations and warranties of the Company set forth herein shall be true and correct as of the Closing Date in all material respects (except for representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which representations and warranties shall be true and correct as of such date); and (e) the Investor shall have received such documents as such Investor shall reasonably have requested, including, a standard opinion of the Company’s counsel as to the matters set forth in Section 4.2 and as to exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), of the sale of the Shares and Warrants.

4. Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Company. The Company hereby represents and warrants to, and covenants with, the Investor, as follows:

4.1 Organization. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) is duly organized and validly existing in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has full power and authority to own, operate and occupy its properties and to conduct its business as presently conducted and as described in the documents filed by the Company under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (the “Exchange Act”), since the end of its most recently completed fiscal year through the date hereof, including, without limitation, its most recent report on Form 10-K (the “Exchange Act Documents”) and is registered or qualified to do business and in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted by it or the location of the properties owned or leased by it requires such qualification and where the failure to be so qualified would have a material adverse effect upon the financial condition, assets, liabilities, properties or operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, considered as one enterprise (a “Material Adverse Effect”), and no proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction, revoking, limiting or curtailing, or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail, such power and authority or qualification.

4.2 Due Authorization and Valid Issuance. The Company has all requisite power and authority to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under the Agreements and the Warrants, and the Agreements and the Warrants have been duly authorized and validly executed and delivered by the Company and constitute legal, valid and binding agreements of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, except as rights to indemnity and contribution may be limited by state or federal securities laws or the public policy underlying such laws, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors’ and contracting parties’ rights generally and except as enforceability may be subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law). The Shares and the Warrant being purchased by the Investor hereunder and the Warrant Shares issuable pursuant to the Warrant will, upon issuance and payment therefor pursuant to the terms hereof and thereof, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully-paid and nonassessable.

4.3 Non-Contravention. The execution and delivery of the Agreements and the Warrants, the issuance and sale of the Shares and the Warrants under the Agreements and the Warrant Shares under the Warrant, the fulfillment of the terms of the Agreements and the Warrants and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby will not (A) conflict with or constitute a violation of, or default (with the passage of time or otherwise) under, (i) any bond, debenture, note or other evidence of indebtedness, lease, contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, joint venture or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which it or any of its Subsidiaries or their respective properties are bound, (ii) the charter or by-laws of the Company or any Subsidiary, or (iii) any law, administrative regulation, ordinance or order of any court or governmental agency, arbitration panel or authority applicable to the Company or any Subsidiary or their respective properties, except in the case of clauses (i) and (iii) for any such conflicts, violations or defaults which are not reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect or (B) result in the creation or imposition of any lien, encumbrance, claim, security interest or restriction whatsoever upon any of the material properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary or an acceleration of indebtedness pursuant to any obligation, agreement or condition contained in any bond, debenture, note or any other evidence of indebtedness or any material indenture, mortgage, deed of trust or any other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any of them is bound or to which any of the material property or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary is subject except for any such creation or imposition which is not reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect. No consent, approval, authorization or other order of, or registration, qualification or filing with, any regulatory body, administrative agency, or other governmental body in the United States or any other person (including, without limitation, the stockholders of the Company) is required for the execution and delivery of the Agreements and the Warrants and the valid issuance and sale of the Shares and Warrants to be sold pursuant to the Agreements, and the valid issuance of the Warrant Shares under the Warrant, other than such as have been made or obtained, and except for stockholder approval under applicable Nasdaq requirements as contemplated pursuant to Section 7.9, post-closing securities filings or notifications required to be made under federal or state securities laws.

4.4 Capitalization. The capitalization of the Company as of June 30, 2005 is as set forth in the most recent applicable Exchange Act Documents, increased as set forth in the next sentence. The Company has not issued any capital stock since that date other than pursuant to (i) employee benefit plans disclosed in the Exchange Act Documents, or (ii) outstanding warrants, options or other securities disclosed in the Exchange Act Documents. The Shares and Warrants to be sold pursuant to the Agreements, and the Warrant Shares to be issued pursuant to the Warrant, have been duly authorized, and when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of the Agreements and the Warrants, as the case may be, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. The outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have been duly and validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and were not issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. Except as set forth in or contemplated by the Exchange Act Documents, there are no outstanding rights (including, without limitation, preemptive rights), warrants or options to acquire, or instruments convertible into or exchangeable for, any unissued shares of capital stock or other equity interest in the Company or any Subsidiary, or any contract, commitment, agreement, understanding or arrangement of any kind to which the Company is a party or of which the Company has knowledge and relating to the issuance or sale of any capital stock of the Company or any Subsidiary, any such convertible or exchangeable securities or any such rights, warrants or options. Without limiting the foregoing, no preemptive right, co-sale right, right of first refusal, registration right, or other similar right exists with respect to the Shares, the Warrants or the Warrant Shares or the issuance and sale thereof. Except as set forth in this Agreement, no further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors of the Company or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares, including under Nasdaq rules. The Company owns the entire equity interest in each of its Subsidiaries, free and clear of any pledge, lien, security interest, encumbrance, claim or equitable interest, other than as described in the Exchange Act Documents. Except as disclosed in the Exchange Act Documents, there are no stockholders agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Common Stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.

4.5 Legal Proceedings. There is no material legal or governmental proceeding pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened to which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may be a party or of which the business or property of the Company or any Subsidiary is subject that is not disclosed in the Exchange Act Documents.

4.6 No Violations. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation of its charter, bylaws, or other organizational document, or in violation of any law, administrative regulation, ordinance or order of any court or governmental agency, arbitration panel or authority applicable to the Company or any Subsidiary, which violation, individually or in the aggregate, would be reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect, or is in default (and there exists no condition which, with the passage of time or otherwise, would constitute a default) in the performance of any bond, debenture, note or any other evidence of indebtedness in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust or any other material agreement or instrument to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or by which the properties of the Company or any Subsidiary are bound, which would be reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect.

4.7 Governmental Permits, Etc. With the exception of the matters which are dealt with separately in Sections 4.1, 4.12, 4.13 and 4.14, each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has all necessary franchises, licenses, certificates and other authorizations from any foreign, federal, state or local government or governmental agency, department, or body that are currently necessary for the operation of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted and as described in the Exchange Act Documents except where the failure to currently possess could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

4.8 Intellectual Property. Except as described in the Company’s SEC filings: (i) the Company owns or and to the Company’s knowledge has obtained (a) valid and enforceable licenses or other rights for the material intellectual property used in its business, as it is currently conducted including, without limitation, in the field of RNA interference (RNAi) involving small interfering nucleic acid (siNA, including siRNA) molecules, and process development/cGMP manufacturing of RNA and siNA, including siRNA, and (b) all licenses and other rights required to use or exploit any of the foregoing, currently used in the conduct of the Company’s business (collectively, the “Intellectual Property”); and (ii) (a) to the Company’s knowledge there are no third parties who have any ownership rights to any Intellectual Property or trademarks, trademark, trademark applications, service marks, service mark applications, or trade secrets (“Other Property”) that is owned by, or has been licensed to, the Company for the products described in the SEC Filings that would preclude the Company from conducting its business as currently conducted and have a Material Adverse Effect, except for the ownership rights of the owners of the Intellectual Property or Other Property licensed or optioned by the Company; (b) to the Company’s knowledge, there are currently no sales of any products that would constitute an infringement by third parties of any Intellectual Property owned, licensed or optioned by the Company, which infringement would have a Material Adverse Effect; (c) there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the rights of the Company in or to any Intellectual Property or Other Property owned, licensed or optioned by the Company, other than claims which would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; (d) there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity or scope of any Intellectual Property or Other Property owned, licensed or optioned by the Company; and (e) there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others that the Company infringes or otherwise violates any patent, trademark, copyright, trade secret or other proprietary right of others, other than non-material actions, suits, proceedings and claims.

4.9 Financial Statements. (a) The financial statements of the Company and the related notes contained in the Exchange Act Documents present fairly, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, the financial position of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of the dates indicated, and the results of its operations and cash flows for the periods therein specified except that the unaudited interim financial statements were or are subject to normal and recurring year-end adjustments which will not be material in amount. Such financial statements (including the related notes) have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods therein specified, except as may be disclosed in the notes to such financial statements, or in the case of unaudited statements, as may be permitted by the SEC on Form 10-Q under the Exchange Act and except as disclosed in the Exchange Act Documents. The other financial information contained in the Exchange Act Documents has been prepared on a basis consistent with the financial statements of the Company.

(b) Except as set forth in any Exchange Act Documents, there are no obligations of the Company to officers, directors, stockholders or employees of the Company other than (i) for payment of salary for services rendered and for bonus payments; (ii) reimbursements for reasonable expenses incurred on behalf of the Company; (iii) for other standard employee benefits made generally available to all employees (including stock option agreements outstanding under any stock option plan approved by the Board of Directors of the Company); and (iv) obligations listed in the Company’s financial statements. Except as described above or in any Exchange Act Filings, none of the officers, directors or, to the best of the Company’s knowledge, key employees or stockholders of the Company or any members of their immediate families, are indebted to the Company, individually or in the aggregate, in excess of $60,000 or have any direct or indirect ownership interest in any firm or corporation with which the Company is affiliated or with which Company has a business relationship, or any firm or corporation which competes with the Company, other than passive investments in publicly traded companies (representing less than one percent (1%) of such company) which may compete with the Company. Except as described above, no officer, director or stockholder, or any member of their immediate families, is, directly or indirectly, interested in any material contract with the Company and no agreements, understandings or proposed transactions are contemplated between the Company and any such person. Except as set forth in any Exchange Act Documents, the Company is not a guarantor or indemnitor of any indebtedness of any other person, firm or corporation.

4.10 No Material Adverse Change. Except as disclosed in the Exchange Act Documents, since March 31, 2005, there has not been (i) any event which has had, or would be reasonably expected to have, a Material Adverse Effect; (ii) any obligation, direct or contingent, that is material to the Company and its Subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, incurred by the Company, except obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business, (iii) any dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made on the capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (iv) any loss or damage (whether or not insured) to the physical property of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which has been sustained which has a Material Adverse Effect.

4.11 Disclosure. The representations and warranties of the Company contained in this Section 4 as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date, do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transaction contemplated by the Agreements and the Warrants, which shall be publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to Section 16 hereof, the Company confirms that any information provided by it or any person acting on its behalf that the Company believes constitutes material, non-public information will be publicly disclosed pursuant to a press release and Form 8-K issued within one (1) business day of the Subscription Date (as defined in Section 2.2 above). The Company understands and confirms that Investor will rely on the foregoing representations in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.

4.12 NASDAQ Compliance. The Company’s Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act and is listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc. National Market (the “Nasdaq National Market”), and the Company has taken no action designed to, or likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act or de-listing the Common Stock from the Nasdaq National Market, nor has the Company received any notification that the SEC or the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (“NASD”) is contemplating terminating such registration or listing. The Company is in compliance with all applicable Nasdaq maintenance requirements and corporate governance requirements for continuing listing on Nasdaq National Market. The issuance by the Company of the Shares, the Warrants, and the Warrant Shares shall not have the effect of terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act or delisting the Common Stock from the Nasdaq National Market.

4.13 Reporting Status. The Company is eligible to use Form S-3 to register the Shares and Warrant Shares to be offered for the account of the Investors. The following documents complied in all material respects with the SEC’s requirements as of their respective filing dates, and the information contained therein as of the date thereof did not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading:

(a) the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, filed by the Company with the SEC on March 31, 2005, as amended pursuant to the Form 10-K/A filed by the Company with the SEC on May 2, 2005; and

(b) all other documents, if any, filed by the Company with the SEC during the one-year period preceding the date of this Agreement pursuant to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.

4.14 Listing. The Company shall comply with all requirements of the NASD and SEC with respect to the issuance of the Shares, the Warrant and the Warrant Shares and the listing of the Shares and the Warrant Shares on the Nasdaq National Market.

4.15 No Manipulation of Stock. The Company has not taken and will not, in violation of applicable law, take, any action designed to or that might reasonably be expected to cause or result in stabilization or manipulation of the price of the Common Stock to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares or the Warrant Shares.

4.16 Company not an “Investment Company”. The Company has been advised of the rules and requirements under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). To the best knowledge of the Company, the Company is not, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Shares and Warrants will not be, an “investment company” or an entity “controlled” by an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act and shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become subject to the Investment Company Act.

4.17 Accountants. To the Company’s knowledge Ernst & Young LLP, who the Company expects will consent to the incorporation by reference of its report dated February 14, 2005 with respect to the consolidated financial statements of the Company included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004 into the Registration Statement (as defined below) and the prospectus which forms a part thereof, are independent accountants as required by the Securities Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

4.18 Contracts. The contracts described in the Exchange Act Documents that are material to the Company are in full force and effect on the date hereof, and neither the Company nor, to the Company's knowledge, any other party to such contracts is in breach of or default under any of such contracts which would have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has filed with the SEC all contracts and agreements required to be filed by the Exchange Act.

 

4.19 Taxes. The Company has filed all necessary federal, state and foreign income and franchise tax returns when due (or obtained appropriate extensions for filing) and has paid or accrued all taxes shown as due thereon, and the Company has no knowledge of a tax deficiency which has been or might be asserted or threatened against it which would have a Material Adverse Effect.

4.20 Transfer Taxes. On the Closing Date, all stock transfer or other taxes (other than income taxes) which are required to be paid in connection with the sale and transfer of the Shares and the Warrant to be sold to the Investor hereunder will be, or will have been, fully paid or provided for by they Company and all laws imposing such taxes will be or will have been fully complied with. Upon the issuance of the Warrants Shares pursuant to the Warrant all stock transfer or other taxes (other than income taxes) which are required to be paid in connection therewith will be, or will have been, fully paid or provided for by the Company and all laws imposing such taxes will be or will have been fully complied with.

 

4.21 Private Offering. Assuming the correctness of the representations and warranties of the Investors set forth in Section 5 hereof, the offer and sale of Shares and the Warrants hereunder is and, upon exercise of the Warrants, the issuance of the Warrant Shares will be, exempt from registration under the Securities Act. The Company has not in the past nor will it hereafter take any action independent of the placement agent to sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy any securities of the Company which would bring the offer, issuance or sale of the Shares and the Warrants as contemplated by this Agreement, or the issuance of the Warrant Shares pursuant to the Warrant, within the provisions of Section 5 of the Securities Act, unless such offer, issuance or sale was or shall be within the exemptions of Section 4 of the Securities Act. Neither the Company nor any person acting on behalf of the Company has offered or sold any of the Shares or the Warrants by any form of general solicitation or general advertising. The Company has offered the Shares and the Warrants for sale only to the Investors and certain other “accredited investors” within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act.

4.22 Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Company is in material compliance with all provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 which are applicable to it as of the Closing Date. The Company maintains a system of internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act ) regarding the reliability of financial reporting and preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP and includes policies and procedures that (i) pertain to maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the issuer; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the issuer are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the issuer; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the issuer’s assets that could have a material adverse effect on the financial statements. The Company’s certifying officers are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act) for the Company and they have, to the extent applicable, (a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under their supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its Subsidiaries, is made known to the certifying officers by others within those entities, particularly during the periods in which the Exchange Act Documents have been prepared; (b) evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in the applicable Exchange Act Documents their conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the periods covered by such Exchange Act Documents based on such evaluation; and (c) to the extent applicable, since the last evaluation date referred to in (b) above, there have been no material changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) and no significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in internal controls over financial reporting have been identified since the last evaluation date or, to the Company’s knowledge, in other factors that could significantly affect the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

4.23 Transactions With Affiliates. Except as disclosed in the Exchange Act Documents, none of the officers or directors of the Company is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer or director or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer or director has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee or partner.

4.24 No Registration Rights. Other than the registration rights granted to the Investors in Section 7 of this Agreement and except as set forth in this Section 4.24, no person has the right, which right has not been waived, to require the Company or any Subsidiary to register any securities for sale under the Securities Act by reason of the filing of the Registration Statement with the SEC or the issuance and sale of the Shares, the Warrant or the Warrant Shares. The following persons have the right to require the Company to register securities for sale under the Securities Act, and have exercised such rights with respect to the filing of the Registration Statement: (a) Sprout Capital IX, L.P., with respect to 1,160,462 shares of the Company's common stock; (b) Sprout IX Plan Investors, L.P., with respect to 53,589 shares of the Company's common stock; (c) Sprout Entrepreneurs Fund, L.P., with respect to 4,571 shares of the Company's common stock; (d) DLJ Capital Corporation, with respect to 2,543 shares of the Company's common stock; (e) James Niedel, Ph.D., with respect to 31,311 shares of the Company's common stock; (f) Venrock Associates III, L.P. with respect to 1,813,814 shares of the Company's common stock; (g) Venrock Associates, with respect to 408,108 shares of the Company's common stock; (h) Venrock Entrepreneurs Fund III, L.P., with respect to 45,345 shares of the Company's common stock; (i) Oxford Bioscience Partners IV L.P., with respect to 1,701,661 shares of the Company's common stock; (j) mRNA Fund II L.P. with respect to 17,073 shares of the Company's common stock; (k) Granite Global Ventures (Q.P.) L.P., with respect to 431,453 shares of the Company's common stock; (l) Granite Global Ventures L.P., with respect to 7,373 shares of the Company's common stock; and (m) Abingworth Management, Ltd., with respect to 459,714 shares of the Company's common stock (clauses (a)-(m), collectively, the “Existing Registrable Shares”).

4.25 Dilution. The Company acknowledges that the issuance of the Shares and the Warrant will result in dilution of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, which dilution may be substantial under certain market conditions. The Company further acknowledges that its obligations under this Agreement and the Warrant, including without limitation its obligation to issue the Warrant, are, except as expressly set forth in this Agreement, unconditional and absolute and not subject to any right of set off, counterclaim, delay, or reduction, regardless of the effect of any such dilution or any claim the Company may have against any Investor and regardless of the dilutive effect that such issuance may have on the ownership of the other stockholders of the Company.

5. Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Investor.

5.1 The Investor represents and warrants to, and covenants with, the Company that: (i) (A) the Investor is an “accredited investor” as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act and the Investor is also knowledgeable, sophisticated and experienced in making, and is qualified to make decisions with respect to investments in shares presenting an investment decision like that involved in the purchase of the Shares and the Warrant, including investments in securities issued by the Company and investments in comparable companies, and has requested, received, reviewed and considered all information it deemed relevant in making an informed decision to purchase the Shares and the Warrant and (B) the Company has made available to the Investor, prior to the date hereof, the opportunity to ask questions of and receive complete and correct answers from representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the Shares and the Warrant and to obtain any additional information relating to the financial condition and business of the Company and the Investor has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that the Investor is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the investment in the Shares and the Warrant; (ii) the Investor is acquiring the number of Shares and the Warrant to purchase the number of Warrant Shares, each as set forth in Section 3 of the Securities Purchase Agreement in the ordinary course of its business and for its own account and with no present intention of distributing any of such Shares, Warrant or Warrant Shares or any arrangement or understanding with any other persons regarding the distribution of such Shares, Warrant or Warrant Shares (other than pursuant to the Registration Statement or in compliance with applicable laws); (iii) the Investor will not, directly or indirectly, offer, sell, pledge, transfer or otherwise dispose of (or solicit any offers to buy, purchase or otherwise acquire or take a pledge of) any of the Shares and the Warrant except in compliance with the Securities Act, applicable state securities laws and the respective rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; (iv) the Investor has answered all questions on the Investor Questionnaire for use in preparation of the Registration Statement and the answers thereto are true, correct and complete as of the date hereof and will be true, correct and complete as of the Closing Date and the Filing Date; (v) the Investor will notify the Company of any change in any of such information until such time as the Investor has sold all of its Shares and Warrant Shares or until the Company is no longer required to keep the Registration Statement effective; and (vi) the Investor has, in connection with its decision to purchase the number of Shares and the Warrant to purchase the number of Warrant Shares, each as set forth in Section 3 of the Securities Purchase Agreement, relied only upon the Exchange Act Documents and the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein. The Investor understands that its acquisition of the Shares and the Warrant has not been registered under the Securities Act or registered or qualified under any state securities law in reliance on specific exemptions therefrom, which exemptions may depend upon, among other things, the bona fide nature of the Investor’s investment intent as expressed herein. Subject to compliance with the Securities Act, applicable securities laws and the respective rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, nothing contained herein shall be deemed a representation or warranty by such Investor to hold the Shares, Warrant or Warrant Shares for any period of time. The Investor has completed or caused to be completed and delivered to the Company the Investor Questionnaire, which questionnaire is true, correct and complete in all material respects.

5.2 The Investor acknowledges, represents and agrees that no action has been or will be taken in any jurisdiction outside the United States by the Company that would permit an offering of the Shares, Warrant or Warrant Shares, or possession or distribution of offering materials in connection with the issue of the Shares, Warrant or Warrant Shares, in any jurisdiction outside the United States where legal action by the Company for that purpose is required. Each Investor outside the United States will comply with all applicable laws and regulations in each foreign jurisdiction in which it purchases, offers, sells or delivers the Shares, Warrant or Warrant Shares or has in its possession or distributes any offering material, in all cases at its own expense.

5.3 The Investor hereby covenants with the Company not to make any sale of the Shares, Warrant or Warrant Shares without complying with the provisions of this Agreement and without causing the prospectus delivery requirement under the Securities Act to be satisfied (whether by delivery of the Prospectus or pursuant to and in compliance with an exemption from such requirement), and the Investor acknowledges that the Warrant and certificates evidencing the Shares will be imprinted with a legend that prohibits their transfer except in accordance therewith. The Investor acknowledges that there may occasionally be times when the Company determines that it must suspend the use of the Prospectus forming a part of the Registration Statement, as set forth in Section 7.2(c).

5.4 The Investor further represents and warrants to, and covenants with, the Company that (i) the Investor has full right, power, authority and capacity to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and has taken all necessary action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, and (ii) this Agreement constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Investor enforceable against the Investor in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors’ and contracting parties’ rights generally and except as enforceability may be subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law) and except as the indemnification agreements of the Investors herein may be legally unenforceable.

5.5 Neither the Investor nor any person acting on its behalf or at its direction has engaged in any purchase or sale of Common Stock (including without limitation any short sale), pledge, transfer, establish an open “put equivalent position” within the meaning of Rule 16a-1(h) under the Exchange Act) during the 5 trading days immediately preceding the date of this Agreement. Investor will not use any of the restricted Shares acquired pursuant to this Agreement, or the Warrant Shares acquired pursuant to the Warrant, to cover any short position in the Common Stock of the Company if doing so would be in violation of applicable securities laws and otherwise will comply with federal securities laws in the holding and sale of the Shares, Warrant and Warrant Shares.

5.6 The Investor understands that nothing in the Exchange Act Documents, this Agreement, the Warrant or any other materials presented to the Investor in connection with the purchase and sale of the Shares and the Warrant constitutes legal, tax or investment advice. The Investor has consulted such legal, tax and investment advisors as it, in its sole discretion, has deemed necessary or appropriate in connection with its purchase of Shares and the Warrant.

5.7 The Company acknowledges and agrees that Investor does not make or has not made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Sections 4 and 5 of this Agreement, Sections 5 and 16(a) of Annex 1 of this Agreement, or in the Investor Questionnaire.

5.8 The Purchaser acknowledges the following disclosure, which is set forth herein as required pursuant to Section 25102(a) of the California Corporate Securities Law of 1968 (provided that, subject to the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties to the Company, the Company represents that the sale of the Shares is so exempt):

6. Survival of Representations, Warranties and Agreements. Notwithstanding any investigation made by any party to this Agreement, all covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made by the Company and the Investor herein shall survive the execution of this Agreement, the delivery to the Investor of the Shares and the Warrant being purchased and the payment therefor until the expiration date of the Company’s obligation to keep the Registration Statement effective pursuant to Section 7.1(c).

7. Registration of the Shares and Warrant Shares; Compliance with the Securities Act.

7.1 Registration Procedures and Other Matters. The Company shall:

(a) subject to receipt of necessary information from the Investor after prompt request from the Company to the Investor to provide such information, prepare and file with the SEC, within 15 business days after the Closing Date (the “Filing Date”), a registration statement on Form S-3 (the “Registration Statement”) to enable the resale of the Shares and the Warrant shares by the Investors from time to time through the automated quotation system of the Nasdaq National Market or in privately-negotiated transactions;

(b) subject to receipt of necessary information from the Investor after prompt request from the Company to the Investors to provide such information, use its reasonable commercial efforts to cause the Registration Statement to become effective on or prior to the 70^th calendar day after the Closing Date (the “Required Effective Date”). However, so long as the Company filed the Registration Statement by the Filing Date, if the Registration Statement receives Commission review, then the Required Effective Date will be the one hundred tenth (110th) calendar day after the Closing Date;

(c) use its reasonable commercial efforts to prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and supplements to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus used in connection therewith as may be necessary to keep the Registration Statement current, effective and free from any material misstatement or omission to state a material fact for a period not exceeding, with respect to each Investor’s Shares and Warrant Shares, the earlier of (i) the fifth anniversary of the Closing Date, (ii) the date on which the Investor may sell all Shares and Warrant Shares then held by the Investor without restriction by the volume limitations of Rule 144(e) of the Securities Act, or (iii) such time as all Shares, and Warrant Shares issuable pursuant to the Warrant, purchased by such Investor in this Offering have been sold pursuant to a registration statement;

(d) furnish to the Investor with respect to the Shares and Warrant Shares registered under the Registration Statement such number of copies of the Registration Statement, Prospectuses and Preliminary Prospectuses in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act and such other documents as the Investor may reasonably request, in order to facilitate the public sale or other disposition of all or any of the Shares and Warrant Shares by the Investor; provided, however, that the obligation of the Company to deliver copies of Prospectuses or Preliminary Prospectuses to the Investor shall be subject to the receipt by the Company of reasonable assurances from the Investor that the Investor will comply with the applicable provisions of the Securities Act and of such other securities or blue sky laws as may be applicable in connection with any use of such Prospectuses or Preliminary Prospectuses;

(e) file documents required of the Company for normal blue sky clearance in states specified in writing by the Investor and use its reasonable commercial efforts to maintain such blue sky qualifications during the period the Company is required to maintain the effectiveness of the Registration Statement pursuant to Section 7.1(c); provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to qualify to do business or consent to service of process in any jurisdiction in which it is not now so qualified or has not so consented;

(f) bear all expenses in connection with the procedures in paragraph (a) through (e) of this Section 7.1 (other than underwriting discounts or commissions, brokers’ fees and similar selling expenses, and any other fees or expenses incurred by the Investor, including attorney fees of the Investor) and the registration of the Shares and Warrant Shares pursuant to the Registration Statement;

(g) advise the Investor, promptly after it shall receive notice or obtain knowledge of the issuance of any stop order by the SEC delaying or suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of the initiation or threat of any proceeding for that purpose; and it will promptly use its reasonable commercial efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop order or to obtain its withdrawal at the earliest possible moment if such stop order should be issued; and

(h) provide a “Plan of Distribution” section of the Registration Statement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, except for the Existing Registrable Shares the Registration Statement shall cover only the Shares and Warrant Shares. In no event at any time before the expiration of ninety (90) days after the effectiveness of the Registration Statement with respect to the Shares and Warrant Shares shall the Company publicly announce or file any other registration statement, other than registrations on Form S-8, without the prior written consent of a majority in interest of the Investors.

The Company understands that the Investor disclaims being an underwriter, but if the SEC deems the Investor to be an underwriter the Company shall not be relieved of any obligations it has hereunder; provided, however that if the Company receives notification from the SEC that the Investor is deemed an underwriter, then the period by which the Company is obligated to submit an acceleration request to the SEC shall be extended to the earlier of (i) the 90th day after such SEC notification, or (ii) 120 days after the initial filing of the Registration Statement with the SEC.

7.2 Transfer of Shares and Warrant Shares After Registration; Suspension.

(a) The Investor agrees that it will not effect any disposition of the Shares or Warrant Shares or its right to purchase the Shares or Warrant Shares that would constitute a sale within the meaning of the Securities Act except as contemplated in the Registration Statement referred to in Section 7.1 and as described below or as otherwise permitted by law, and that it will promptly notify the Company of any changes in the information set forth in the Registration Statement regarding the Investor or its plan of distribution.

(b) Except in the event that paragraph (c) below applies, the Company shall (i) if deemed necessary by the Company, prepare and file from time to time with the SEC a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement or a supplement to the related Prospectus or a supplement or amendment to any document incorporated therein by reference or file any other required document so that such Registration Statement will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and so that, as thereafter delivered to purchasers of the Shares or Warrant Shares being sold thereunder, such Prospectus will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; (ii) provide the Investor copies of any documents filed pursuant to Section 7.2(b)(i) as the Investor may reasonably request; and (iii) inform each Investor that the Company has complied with its obligations in Section 7.2(b)(i) (or that, if the Company has filed a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement which has not yet been declared effective, the Company will notify the Investor to that effect, will use its reasonable commercial efforts to secure the effectiveness of such post-effective amendment as promptly as possible and will promptly notify the Investor pursuant to Section 7.2(b)(i) hereof when the amendment has become effective).

(c) Subject to paragraph (d) below, in the event (i) of any request by the SEC or any other federal or state governmental authority during the period of effectiveness of the Registration Statement for amendments or supplements to a Registration Statement or related Prospectus or for additional information; (ii) of the issuance by the SEC or any other federal or state governmental authority of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of a Registration Statement or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose; (iii) of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification or exemption from qualification of any of the Shares or Warrant Shares for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose; or (iv) of any event or circumstance which, upon the advice of its counsel, necessitates the making of any changes in the Registration Statement or Prospectus, or any document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference, so that, in the case of the Registration Statement, it will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or any omission to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and that in the case of the Prospectus, it will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or any omission to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; then the Company shall deliver a certificate in writing to the Investor (the “Suspension Notice”) to the effect of the foregoing and, upon receipt of such Suspension Notice, the Investor will refrain from selling any Shares or Warrant Shares pursuant to the Registration Statement (a “Suspension”) until the Investor’s receipt of copies of a supplemented or amended Prospectus prepared and filed by the Company, or until it is advised in writing by the Company that the current Prospectus may be used, and has received copies of any additional or supplemental filings that are incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference in any such Prospectus. The Suspension Notice shall not contain any information that constitutes or would reasonably be expected to constitute material, non-public information. In the event of any Suspension, the Company will use its reasonable commercial efforts to cause the use of the Prospectus so suspended to be resumed as soon as reasonably practicable within 20 business days after the delivery of a Suspension Notice to the Investor. In addition to and without limiting any other remedies (including, without limitation, at law or at equity) available to the Investor, the Investor shall be entitled to specific performance in the event that the Company fails to comply with the provisions of this Section 7.2(c).

(d) Notwithstanding the foregoing paragraphs of this Section 7.2, the Investor shall not be prohibited from selling Shares and Warrant Shares under the Registration Statement as a result of Suspensions on more than two occasions of not more than 30 days each in any twelve month period, unless, in the good faith judgment of the Company’s Board of Directors, upon the written opinion of counsel of the Company, the sale of Shares and Warrant Shares under the Registration Statement in reliance on this paragraph 7.2(d) would be reasonably likely to cause a violation of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act and result in liability to the Company.

(e) Provided that a Suspension is not then in effect, the Investor may sell Shares and Warrant Shares under the Registration Statement, provided that it arranges for delivery of a current Prospectus to the transferee of such Shares or Warrant Shares. Upon receipt of a request therefor, the Company has agreed to provide an adequate number of current Prospectuses to the Investor and to supply copies to any other parties requiring such Prospectuses.

7.3 Indemnification. For the purpose of this Section 7.3:

(i) the term “Selling Stockholder” means the Investor and any affiliate or advisor of such Investor;

(ii) the term “Registration Statement” shall include the Prospectus in the form first filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act or filed as part of the Registration Statement at the time of effectiveness if no Rule 424(b) filing is required, and any exhibit, supplement or amendment included in or relating to the Registration Statement referred to in Section 7.1; and

(iii) the term “Untrue Statement” means any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement, or any omission or alleged omission to state in the Registration Statement a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.

(a) The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Selling Stockholder from and against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities, or expenses to which such Selling Stockholder may become subject (under the Securities Act or otherwise) insofar as such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses (or actions or proceedings in respect thereof) arise out of, or are based upon (i) any breach of the representations or warranties of the Company contained herein or failure to comply with the covenants and agreements of the Company contained herein, (ii) any Untrue Statement, or (iii) any failure by the Company to fulfill any undertaking included in the Registration Statement as amended or supplemented from time to time, and the Company will reimburse such Selling Stockholder for any reasonable legal or other expenses reasonably incurred in investigating, defending or preparing to defend any such action, proceeding or claim, or preparing to defend any such action, proceeding or claim, provided, however, that the Company shall not be liable in any such case to the extent that such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of, or is based upon, an Untrue Statement made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by or on behalf of such Selling Stockholder specifically for use in preparation of the Registration Statement, as amended or supplemented from time to time (including, without limitation, information set forth in the Investor Questionnaire), or the inaccuracy of any representations made by such Selling Stockholder herein, or the failure of such Selling Stockholder to comply with its covenants and agreements contained in Section 7.2 hereof respecting sale of the Shares or Warrant Shares or any statement or omission in any Prospectus that is corrected in any subsequent Prospectus that was delivered to the Selling Stockholder prior to the pertinent sale or sales by the Selling Stockholder and that would have been avoided if the Selling Stockholder delivered the corrected Prospectus. The Company shall reimburse each Selling Stockholder for the indemnifiable amounts provided for herein on demand as such expenses are incurred.

(b) The Investor agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company (and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act, each officer of the Company who signs the Registration Statement and each director of the Company) from and against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which the Company (or any such officer, director or controlling person) may become subject (under the Securities Act or otherwise), insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions or proceedings in respect thereof) arise out of, or are based upon, (i) any failure of the Investor to comply with the covenants and agreements contained in Section 7.2 hereof respecting sale of the Shares and Warrant Shares, or (ii) any Untrue Statement if such Untrue Statement was made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished by or on behalf of the Investor specifically for use in preparation of the Registration Statement, as amended or supplemented from time to time (including, without limitation, information set forth in the Investor Questionnaire), and the Investor will reimburse the Company (or such officer, director or controlling person), as the case may be, for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred in investigating, defending or preparing to defend any such action, proceeding or claim. The Investor shall reimburse the Company or such officer, director or controlling person, as the case may be, for the indemnifiable amounts provided for herein on demand as such expenses are incurred. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Investor’s aggregate obligation to indemnify the Company and such officers, directors and controlling persons shall be limited to the net amount received by the Investor from the sale of the Shares or Warrant Shares, as the case may be.

(c) Promptly after receipt by any indemnified person of a notice of a claim or the beginning of any action in respect of which indemnity is to be sought against an indemnifying person pursuant to this Section 7.3, such indemnified person shall notify the indemnifying person in writing of such claim or of the commencement of such action, but the omission to so notify the indemnifying person will not relieve it from any liability which it may have to any indemnified person under this Section 7.3 (except to the extent that such omission materially and adversely affects the indemnifying person’s ability to defend such action) or from any liability otherwise than under this Section 7.3. Subject to the provisions hereinafter stated, in case any such action shall be brought against an indemnified person, the indemnifying person shall be entitled to participate therein, and, to the extent that it shall elect by written notice delivered to the indemnified person promptly after receiving the aforesaid notice from such indemnified person, shall be entitled to assume the defense thereof, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified person. After notice from the indemnifying person to such indemnified person of its election to assume the defense thereof, such indemnifying person shall not be liable to such indemnified person for any legal expenses subsequently incurred by such indemnified person in connection with the defense thereof, provided, however, that if there exists or shall exist a conflict of interest that would make it inappropriate, in the opinion of counsel to the indemnified person, for the same counsel to represent both the indemnified person and such indemnifying person or any affiliate or associate thereof, the indemnified person shall be entitled to retain its own counsel at the expense of such indemnifying person; provided, however, that no indemnifying person shall be responsible for the fees and expenses of more than one separate counsel (together with appropriate local counsel) for all indemnified parties. In no event shall any indemnifying person be liable in respect of any amounts paid in settlement of any action unless the indemnifying person shall have approved the terms of such settlement; provided that such consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. No indemnifying person shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified person, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened proceeding in respect of which any indemnified person is or could have been a party and indemnification could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified person, unless such settlement includes an unconditional release of such indemnified person from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such proceeding.

(d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 7.3 is unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified person under subsection (a) or (b) above in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions or proceedings in respect thereof) referred to therein, then each indemnifying person shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified person as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Investor, as well as any other Selling Shareholders under such Registration Statement on the other in connection with the statements or omissions or other matters which resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof), as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, in the case of an Untrue Statement, whether the Untrue Statement relates to information supplied by the Company on the one hand or an Investor or other Selling Shareholder on the other and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such Untrue Statement. The Company and the Investor agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this subsection (d) were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Investor and other Selling Shareholders were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to above in this subsection (d). The amount paid or payable by an indemnified person as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to above in this subsection (d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified person in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection (d), the Investor shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the net amount received by the Investor from the sale of the Shares or Warrant Shares, as the case may be to which such loss relates exceeds the amount of any damages which such Investor has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such Untrue Statement. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Investor’s obligations in this subsection to contribute shall be in proportion to its sale of Shares and Warrant Shares to which such loss relates and shall not be joint with any other Selling Shareholders.

(e) The parties to this Agreement hereby acknowledge that they are sophisticated business persons who were represented by counsel during the negotiations regarding the provisions hereof including, without limitation, the provisions of this Section 7.3, and are fully informed regarding said provisions. They further acknowledge that the provisions of this Section 7.3 fairly allocate the risks in light of the ability of the parties to investigate the Company and its business in order to assure that adequate disclosure is made in the Registration Statement as required by the Securities Act and the Exchange Act. The parties are advised that federal or state public policy as interpreted by the courts in certain jurisdictions may be contrary to certain of the provisions of this Section 7.3, and the parties hereto hereby expressly waive and relinquish any right or ability to assert such public policy as a defense to a claim under this Section 7.3 and further agree not to attempt to assert any such defense.

7.4 Termination of Conditions and Obligations. The conditions precedent imposed by Section 5 or this Section 7 upon the transferability of the Shares and Warrant Shares shall cease and terminate as to any particular number of the Shares or Warrant Shares, as the case may be, when such Shares or Warrant Shares shall have been effectively registered under the Securities Act and sold or otherwise disposed of in accordance with the intended method of disposition set forth in the Registration Statement covering such Shares and Warrant Shares or at such time as an opinion of counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Company shall have been rendered to the effect that such conditions are not necessary in order to comply with the Securities Act.

7.5 Information Available. So long as the Registration Statement is effective covering the resale of Shares and Warrant Shares owned by the Investor, upon the reasonable request of the Investor, the Company will furnish to the Investor:

(a) as soon as practicable after it is available, one copy of (i) its Annual Report to Stockholders (which Annual Report shall contain financial statements audited in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles by a national firm of certified public accountants), (ii) its Annual Report on Form 10-K and (iii) its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q (the foregoing, in each case, excluding exhibits);

(b) all exhibits excluded by the parenthetical to subparagraph (a) of this Section 7.5 as filed with the SEC and all other information that is made available to shareholders; and

(c) an adequate number of copies of the Prospectuses to supply to any other party requiring such Prospectuses; and upon the reasonable request of the Investor, the President or the Principal Financial Officer of the Company (or an appropriate designee thereof) will meet with the Investor or a representative thereof at the Company’s headquarters to discuss all information relevant for disclosure in the Registration Statement covering the Shares and Warrant Shares and will otherwise cooperate with any Investor conducting an investigation for the purpose of reducing or eliminating such Investor’s exposure to liability under the Securities Act, including the reasonable production of information at the Company’s headquarters; provided, that the Company shall not be required to disclose any confidential information to or meet at its headquarters with any Investor until and unless the Investor shall have entered into a confidentiality agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Company with the Company with respect thereto.

The Investor acknowledges that the Company makes available on its website at www.sirna.com a facility through which such Investor may subscribe to automatically receive electronic copies of the Company’s future SEC filings and press releases by email.

7.6 Legend; Restrictions on Transfer. The Warrant and certificate or certificates for the Shares (and any securities issued in respect of or exchange for the Shares or Warrant) shall be subject to a legend or legends restricting transfer under the Securities Act and referring to restrictions on transfer herein, such legend to be substantially as follows:

 

THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 (THE “ACT”) AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED, OR HYPOTHECATED UNLESS AND UNTIL REGISTERED UNDER THE ACT OR, IN THE OPINION OF COUNSEL, IN FORM AND SUBSTANCE SATISFACTORY TO THE ISSUER OF THESE SECURITIES, SUCH OFFER, SALE OR TRANSFER OR HYPOTHECATION IS IN COMPLIANCE THEREWITH.

The Company and the Investor acknowledge and agree that the Investor may, as permitted by law, from time to time pledge pursuant to a bona fide margin agreement or grant a security interest in some or all of the Shares, Warrant and Warrant Shares and, if required under the terms of such arrangement, Investor may, as permitted by law, transfer pledged or secured Shares, Warrant and Warrant Shares to the pledgees or secured parties. So long as Investor is not an affiliate of the Company, such a pledge or transfer would not be subject to approval or consent of the Company, provided that, upon the request of the Company, a legal opinion of legal counsel to the pledgee, secured party or pledgor shall be obtained. At the Investor’s expense, so long as the Shares and Warrant are subject to the legend required by this Section 7.6, the Company will use its reasonable commercial efforts to execute and deliver such reasonable documentation as a pledgee or secured party of Shares and Warrant may reasonably request in connection with a pledge or transfer of the Shares and Warrant including such amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement and Prospectus as may be reasonably required. The foregoing does not affect Investor’s obligations pursuant to Section 7.2(a).

The Investor expressly agrees that any sale by the Investor of Shares and Warrant Shares pursuant to the Registration Statement shall be sold in a manner described under the caption “Plan of Distribution” in such Registration Statement and the Investor will deliver a copy of the Prospectus contained in the Registration Statement to the purchaser or purchasers, directly or through the Investor's broker, in connection with such sale, in each case in compliance with the requirements of the Securities Act and Exchange Act applicable to such sale. The Investor further agrees that the Shares and Warrant Shares will only be sold while the Registration Statement is effective, unless another exemption from registration is available. On the basis of, and subject to, compliance by the Investor with the foregoing covenants, upon effectiveness of the Registration Statement, the Company shall as soon as practicable (but not later than five business days after surrender of the legended certificates to the Company and notice of such surrender has been provided pursuant to Section 8(b) below) cause certificates evidencing the Shares and Warrant Shares previously issued to be replaced with certificates which do not bear the restrictive legends specified above in this Section 7.6, and all Shares and Warrant Shares subsequently issued shall not bear the restrictive legend specified above in this Section 7.6. The Investor acknowledges that the removal of the restrictive legends from certificates representing Shares and Warrant Shares as provided in this Section 7.6 is predicated upon the Company’s reliance on the Investor’s compliance with its covenants in this Section 7.6.

7.7 Liquidated Damages. The Company and Investor agree that Investor will suffer damages if the Company fails to fulfill its obligations pursuant to Section 7.1 and 7.2 hereof and that it would not be possible to ascertain the extent of such damages with precision. Accordingly, the Company hereby agrees to pay liquidated damages (“Liquidated Damages”) to Investor under the following circumstances: (a) if the Registration Statement is not filed by the Company on or prior to 15 business days after the Closing Date (such an event, a “Filing Default”); (b) if the Registration Statement is not declared effective by the SEC on or prior to 70 calendar days or, subject to the filing of the Registration Statement by the Filing Date, in the event that the Registration Statement receives SEC review, 110 clendar days after the Closing Date (such an event, an “Effectiveness Default”); or (c) if the Registration Statement (after its effectiveness date) ceases to be effective and available to Investor for any continuous period that exceeds 30 calendar days or for one or more period that exceeds in the aggregate 60 calendar days in any 12-month period (such an event, a “Suspension Default” and together with a Filing Default and an Effectiveness Default, a “Registration Default”). In the event of a Registration Default, the Company shall as Liquidated Damages pay to Investor, for each 30 calendar day period of a Registration Default, an amount in cash equal to 1% of the aggregate purchase price paid by Investor pursuant to this Agreement up to a maximum of 10% of the aggregate purchase price of the Shares and Warrants, provided that Liquidation Damages in respect of a Suspension Default shall not be payable in relation to any Shares or Warrant Shares not owned by the Investor at the time of the Suspension Default. The Company shall pay the Liquidated Damages as follows: (i) in connection with a Filing Default, on the 16th business day after the Closing Date, and each 30th calendar day thereafter until the Registration Statement is filed with the SEC; (ii) in connection with an Effectiveness Default, on the 70th calendar day (or, in the event that the Registration Statement receives SEC review, the 110th calendar day) after the Closing Date and each 30th calendar day thereafter until the Registration Statement is declared effective by the SEC; or (iii) in connection with a Suspension Default, on either (x) the 31^st consecutive day of any Suspension or (y) the 61^st calendar day (in the aggregate) of any Suspensions in any 12-month period, and each 30^th calendar day thereafter until the Suspension is terminated in accordance with Section 7.2. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all periods shall be tolled during delays directly caused by the action or inaction of any Investor, and the Company shall have no liability to any Investor in respect of any such delay. The Liquidated Damages payable herein shall apply on a pro rata basis for any portion of a 30-day period of a Registration Default.

7.8 Right of First Offer.

(a) Right of First Offer. The Company shall not issue, sell or exchange, agree or obligate itself to issue, sell or exchange, or reserve or set aside for issuance, sale or exchange, in a transaction not involving a public offering, any (i) shares of Common Stock, (ii) any other equity security of the Company, including without limitation, preferred shares, (iii) any debt security of the Company which by its terms is convertible into or exchangeable for any equity security of the Company, (iv) any security of the Company that is a combination of debt and equity, or (v) any option, warrant or other right to subscribe for, purchase or otherwise acquire any such equity security or any such debt security of the Company, unless in each case the Company shall have first offered to sell such securities (the “Offered Securities”) to the Investor as follows: The Investor shall have the right to purchase that portion of the Offered Securities as the number of shares of Common Stock then held (including shares then issuable upon the exercise or conversion of outstanding securities) by the Investor bears to the total number of shares of issued and outstanding Common Stock of the Company (“Pro Rata Portion”), at a price and on such other terms as shall have been specified by the Company in writing delivered to the Investor (the “Offer”), which Offer by its terms shall remain open and irrevocable for a period of seven (7) days from receipt of the Offer. 

(b) Notice of Acceptance. Notice of the Investor’s intention to accept, in whole or in part, any Offer made shall be evidenced by a writing signed by the Investor and delivered to the Company prior to the end of the 7-day period of such Offer, setting forth such of the Investor’s Pro Rata Portion as the Investor elects to purchase (the “Notice of Acceptance”).

(c) Conditions to Acceptances and Purchase.

(i) Permitted Sales of Refused Securities. In the event that Notices of Acceptance are not given by the Investors in respect of all the Offered Securities, the Company shall have one hundred eighty (180) days from the expiration of the period set forth above to close the sale of all or any part of such Offered Securities as to which a Notice of Acceptance has not been given by the Investors (the “Refused Securities”), upon terms and conditions, including, without limitation, unit price and interest rates, which are no more favorable, in the aggregate, to such other person or persons or less favorable to the Company than those set forth in the Offer.

(ii) Reduction in Amount of Offered Securities. In the event the Company shall propose to sell less than all the Refused Securities (any such sale to be in the manner and on the terms specified above), then the Investor may, at its sole option and in its sole discretion, reduce the number of, or other units of the Offered Securities specified in its Notice of Acceptance to an amount which shall be not less than the amount of the Offered Securities which the Investor elected to purchase pursuant to (b) above multiplied by a fraction, (i) the numerator of which shall be the amount of Offered Securities which the Company actually proposes to sell, and (ii) the denominator of which shall be the amount of all Offered Securities the Company proposed to sell in its writing delivered pursuant to Section 7.8(a) above. In the event that the Investor so elects to reduce the number or amount of Offered Securities specified in its Notice of Acceptance, the Company may not sell or otherwise dispose of more than the reduced amount of the Offered Securities until such securities have again been offered to the Investor in accordance with (a) above.

(iii)  Closing. Upon the closing, which shall include full payment to the Company, of the sale to such other person or persons of all or less than all the Refused Securities, the Investor shall purchase from the Company, and the Company shall sell to the Investor, the number of Offered Securities specified in the Notice of Acceptance, as reduced pursuant to Section 7.8(b) above if the Investor has so elected, upon the terms and conditions specified in the Offer. The purchase by the Investor of any Offered Securities is subject in all cases to the preparation, execution and delivery by the Company and the Investor of a purchase agreement relating to such Offered Securities reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Company and the Investor and their respective counsel.

(d) Further Sale. In each case, any Offered Securities not purchased by the Investor or other person or persons in accordance with Section 7.8(c)(iii) above may not be sold or otherwise disposed of until they are again offered to the Investor under the procedures specified in Section 7.8(c)(i)-(iii) above.

(e) Exceptions. The rights of the Investor under this Section 7.8 shall not apply to: (i) Common Stock issued as a stock dividend to holders of Common Stock or upon any subdivision or combination of shares of Common Stock; (ii) any capital stock or derivative thereof granted to an employee, director or consultant under a Company stock or stock option plan or as compensation for services; (iii) any securities issued as consideration for the acquisition of another entity by the Company by merger or share exchange (whereby the Company owns no less than 51% of the voting power of the surviving entity) or as the purchase price of substantially all of such entity’s stock or assets; (iv) any securities issued in connection with a license, strategic partnership, joint venture or other similar agreement, provided that the purpose of such arrangement is not primarily the raising of capital; (v) any securities issued to a financial institution or lender in connection with a bank loan, credit, lease, or other debt transaction with such financial institution or lender; (vi) securities issuable upon the exercise or conversion of securities outstanding on the Closing Date, or (vii) any securities the issuance of which is approved by a majority of the Investors.

(f) Termination of Right. The Right of First Refusal set forth in this Section 7.8 shall survive for a period of one year following the Closing Date.

7.9 Stockholder Meeting. The Company covenants and agrees to hold a stockholder meeting to approve (i) the participation of any Affiliate Investors and (ii) the sale of the Excess Amount as soon as practicable but in no event later than sixty (60) days following the Closing Date (subject to any delays caused by the receipt of SEC comments on the Company's proxy statement for such stockholder meeting). Each Affiliate Investor who beneficially owns or controls the voting of shares of the Company's common stock, including each such officer, director or affiliate, hereby covenants and agrees to vote all such shares of common stock in favor of approval of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement pursuant to the form of voting agreement attached hereto as Exhibit C. The Company covenants and agrees that (i) it will not amend or terminate any such proxies and (ii) it shall vote all shares of common stock over which holds a proxy in favor of approval of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Each signatory to this Agreement hereby acknowledges and agrees that all covenants made in this Section 7.9 are made for the benefit of all Investors not parties to this Agreement, in each case as a third-party beneficiary.

8. Notices. All notices, requests, consents and other communications hereunder shall be in writing, shall be mailed (A) if within the United States by first-class registered or certified airmail, or nationally recognized overnight express courier, postage prepaid, or by facsimile or electronic mail, or (B) if delivered from outside the United States, by International Federal Express (or other recognized international express courier) or facsimile, and shall be deemed given (i) if delivered by first-class registered or certified mail, three business days after so mailed, (ii) if delivered by nationally recognized overnight carrier, one business day after so mailed, (iii) if delivered by International Federal Express (or other recognized international express courier), two business days after so mailed, or (iv) if delivered by facsimile or electronic mail, upon electronic confirmation of receipt and shall be delivered as addressed as follows:

(a)

if to the Company, to:

Sirna Therapeutics, Inc.

185 Berry Street

Suite 6504

San Francisco, CA 94107

Phone: (415) 512-7624

Fax: (415) 512-7022

Attn: Bharat Chowrira

Email: ***@***

(b)

with a copy to:

O’Melveny & Myers LLP

2765 Sand Hill Road

Menlo Park, CA 94025

Phone:  ###-###-####

Fax: (650) 473-2674

Attn: Sam Zucker and Helena Wong

Email: ***@***, ***@***

(c)

if to the Investor, at its address on the signature page hereto, or at such other address or addresses as may have been furnished to the Company in writing (subject to the provisions of Section 19 of this Agreement).

9. Changes. This Agreement may be modified, amended or waived only pursuant to a written instrument signed by the Company and (a) Investors holding a majority of the Shares issued and sold in the Offering, provided that such modification, amendment or waiver is made with respect to all Agreements and does not adversely affect the Investor without adversely affecting all Investors in a similar manner; or (b) the Investor.

10. Headings. The headings of the various sections of this Agreement have been inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not be deemed to be part of this Agreement.

11. Severability. In case any provision contained in this Agreement should be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

12. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to the principles of conflicts of law.

13. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which, when taken together, shall constitute but one instrument, and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each party hereto and delivered to the other parties.

14. Entire Agreement. This Agreement and the Warrant constitute the entire agreement between the parties hereto and supersedes any prior understandings or agreements concerning the purchase and sale of the Shares and the Warrant and the resale registration of the Shares and Warrant Shares.

15. Rule 144. The Company covenants that it will use its reasonable commercial efforts to timely file the reports required to be filed by it under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations adopted by the SEC thereunder (or, if the Company is not required to file such reports, it will, upon the request of any Investor holding Shares purchased hereunder, or Warrant Shares purchase under any Warrant, made after the first anniversary of the Closing Date, make publicly available such information as necessary to permit sales pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act), and it will take such further action as any such Investor may reasonably request, all to the extent required from time to time to enable such Investor to sell such Shares and Warrant Shares without registration under the Securities Act within the limitation of the exemptions provided by (a) Rule 144 under the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended from time to time, or (b) any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC. Upon the request of the Investor, the Company will deliver to such holder a written statement as to whether it has complied with such information and requirements.

16. Confidential Information.

(a) The Investor represents to the Company that, at all times during the Company’s offering of the Shares and Warrants, the Investor has maintained in confidence all non-public information regarding the Company received by the Investor from the Company or its agents, and covenants that it will continue to maintain in confidence such information until such information (a) becomes generally publicly available other than through a violation of this provision by the Investor or its agents or (b) is required to be disclosed in legal proceedings (such as by deposition, interrogatory, request for documents, subpoena, civil investigation demand, filing with any governmental authority or similar process), provided, however, that before making any use or disclosure in reliance on this subparagraph (b) the Investor shall give the Company prior written notice specifying the circumstances giving rise thereto and will furnish only that portion of the non-public information which is legally required and will allow the Company to exercise its reasonable commercial efforts to obtain reliable assurance that confidential treatment will be accorded any non-public information so furnished.

(b) Within one (1) business day after the Subscription Date (as defined in Section 2.2), the Company shall issue a press release and Form 8-K disclosing any information provided by the Company or any person acting on its behalf that the Company believes constitutes material and non-public information. The Company shall, at the time of the Closing, file with the SEC a Form 8-K disclosing the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereby (including at least the number of Shares and Warrants sold and proceeds therefrom). The Company shall not publicly disclose the name of Investor or any beneficial owner of Shares or Warrants held by Investor, or include the name of Investor or such beneficial owner in any filing with the SEC or any state and federal regulatory agency or the Nasdaq (other than the filing of the Agreements with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act), without the prior written consent of Investor, except to the extent such disclosure is required by law, regulation or Nasdaq regulations.

17. No Third-Party Beneficiaries. Other than as set forth in Section 7.9 above, this Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other person.

18. Knowledge. The term “knowledge” in this Agreement shall mean the knowledge of the directors and officers of the Company.

19. Delivery of Documents, Information or Notices to Investors. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, (a) the Company may deliver any documents, information or notices required to be delivered to an Investor under this Agreement by email, in any recognized electronic format, including Portable Document Format (PDF) or Microsoft Word document format, and (b) with respect to any documents, exhibits, filings, furnishings or other submissions (other than any Registration Statement, Prospectus, or Preliminary Prospectus pursuant to Section 7 of this Agreement) publicly available on the SEC’s EDGAR system (each, an “EDGAR Filing”), such EDGAR Filing shall be deemed furnished by the Company to such Investor, in each case as of the date first publicly available on the EDGAR system.

20. No Strict Construction. The language used in this Agreement is deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party.

21. Broker’s Fee. The Investor acknowledges that the Company intends to pay fees to the Placement Agent and the co-advisors in respect of the sale of the Shares to the Investor. The Investor and the Company hereby agree that the Investor shall not be responsible for such fees.