Description of Common Stock
Contract Categories:
Business Finance
- Stock Agreements
EX-4.3 2 sculptorreit-descriptionof.htm EX-4.3 Document
Exhibit 4.3
DESCRIPTION OF REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
The following is a brief description of the securities of Sculptor Diversified Real Estate Income Trust, Inc. (the “Company” or “we,” “us” or “our”) registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). This description of the terms of our stock does not purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the applicable provisions of Maryland General Corporation Law (“MGCL”), and the full text of our charter and bylaws, which are attached as exhibits to our Annual Report on Form 10-K to which this exhibit relates.
General
We were formed under the laws of the State of Maryland. The rights of our stockholders are governed by Maryland law as well as our charter and bylaws. Under our charter, we have authority to issue a total of 2,400,000,000 shares of capital stock. Of the total shares of stock authorized, 2,300,000,000 shares are classified as common stock with a par value of $0.01 per share, 300,000,000 of which are classified as Class A shares, 300,000,000 of which are classified as Class AA shares, 300,000,000 of which are classified as Class D shares, 100,000,000 of which are classified as Class E shares, 300,000,000 of which are classified as Class F shares, 300,000,000 of which are classified as Class FF shares, 300,000,000 of which are classified as Class I shares, 100,000,000 of which are classified as Class I-S shares and 300,000,000 of which are classified as Class S shares, and 100,000,000 shares are classified as preferred stock with a par value $0.01 per share. In addition, our board of directors may amend our charter from time to time, without stockholder approval, to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series that we have authority to issue.
Common Stock
Subject to the restrictions on ownership and transfer of stock set forth in our charter and except as may otherwise be specified in our charter, the holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters voted on by stockholders, including the election of our directors. Our charter does not provide for cumulative voting in the election of our directors. Therefore, the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of our common stock can elect our entire board of directors. Subject to any preferential rights of any outstanding class or series of shares of stock and to the provisions in our charter regarding the restrictions on ownership and transfer of stock, the holders of our common stock are entitled to such distributions as may be authorized from time to time by our board of directors (or a committee of the board of directors) and declared by us out of legally available funds and, upon liquidation, are entitled to receive all assets available for distribution to our stockholders. Upon issuance for full payment in accordance with the terms of our private offering, all shares of our common stock issued in the offering will be fully paid and non-assessable. Holders of our common stock will not have preemptive rights, which means that investors will not have an automatic option to purchase any new shares of stock that we issue.
Our charter also contains a provision permitting our board of directors, without any action by our stockholders, to classify or reclassify any unissued common stock into one or more classes or series by setting or changing the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications and terms or conditions of repurchase of any new class or series of shares of stock.
We will generally not issue certificates for shares of our common stock. Shares of our common stock will be held in “uncertificated” form, which will eliminate the physical handling and safekeeping responsibilities inherent in
Exhibit 4.3
owning transferable stock certificates and eliminate the need to return a duly executed stock certificate to effect a transfer. DST Systems, Inc. acts as our registrar and as the transfer agent for our shares.
Class S Shares
Each Class S share issued in our primary offering is subject to an upfront selling commission of up to 3.5% of the transaction price of each Class S share sold in the offering on the date of subscription. We pay selected dealers a distribution fee with respect to our outstanding Class S shares equal to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate net asset value (“NAV”) of our outstanding Class S shares. No upfront selling commissions are payable in respect of any Class S shares sold pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan, but such shares will be charged the distribution fees payable with respect to all our outstanding Class S shares.
The ongoing distribution fees are allocated on a class-specific basis and borne by all holders of the applicable class. These class-specific fees may differ for each class, even when the NAV per share of each class is the same. We normally expect that the allocation of ongoing distribution fees on a class-specific basis will result in different amounts of distributions being paid with respect to each class of shares. In other words, the per share amount of distributions on our shares will generally differ because of different class-specific distribution fees (and other class-specific fees and expenses) that are deducted from the gross distributions for each share class. However, if no distributions are authorized for a certain period, or if they are authorized in an amount less than the allocation of class-specific fees with respect to such period, then pursuant to our valuation procedures, the class-specific fee allocations may lower the NAV per share of a share class. Therefore, as a result of the different ongoing distribution fees (and other class-specific fees and expenses) allocable to each share class, each share class could have a different NAV per share. If the NAV per share of our classes are different, then changes to our assets and liabilities that are allocable based on NAV may also be different for each class.
We will cease paying the distribution fee with respect to any Class S share held in a stockholder’s account at the end of the month in which we, in conjunction with the transfer agent, determine that total upfront selling commissions and distribution fees paid with respect to the shares held by such stockholder within such account would equal or exceed, in the aggregate, the percentage limit (if any, and as set forth in the applicable agreement with a soliciting dealer at the time such shares were issued) of the gross proceeds from the sale of such shares (including the gross proceeds of any shares issued under our distribution reinvestment plan with respect thereto) (collectively, the “Fee Limit”). At the end of such month, each such Class S share in such account (including shares in such account purchased through the distribution reinvestment plan or received as a stock dividend) will convert into a number of Class I shares (including any fractional shares) with an equivalent aggregate NAV as such share.
In addition, if not already converted into Class I shares upon a determination that total upfront selling commissions and distribution fees paid with respect to such shares would exceed the applicable Fee Limit, if any, each Class S share held in a stockholder’s account (including shares in such account purchased through the distribution reinvestment plan or received as stock dividend) will automatically and without any action on the part of the holder thereof convert into a number of Class I shares (including fractional shares) with an equivalent NAV as such share on the earliest of (i) a listing of Class I shares or (ii) our merger or consolidation with or into another entity in which we are not the surviving entity.
Further, immediately before any liquidation, dissolution or winding up, each Class S share will automatically convert into a number of Class I shares (including any fractional shares) with an equivalent NAV as such share.
Exhibit 4.3
Class F, Class FF Shares, Class E Shares, Class A Shares, Class AA Shares, Class D Shares, Class I-S Shares and Class I Shares
Our Class E shares, Class F shares, Class FF shares, Class A shares, Class AA shares, Class D shares, Class I-S shares and Class I shares are not registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act. Our Class A shares, Class AA shares, Class D shares, Class F shares (issuer direct sales to institutional investors), Class I shares, and Class I-S shares are generally available for issuance in our private offering. Class F and Class FF shares were available for issuance through a third-party distribution partner through January 1, 2024, and existing investors in such classes had the ability to invest in such classes in an amount up to such investor’s initial investment in such class until January 1, 2025. Class E shares are only expected to be held by Sculptor Capital Management, Inc., its personnel, and affiliates.
Preferred Stock
Our charter authorizes our board of directors to designate and issue one or more classes or series of preferred stock without stockholder approval, and to establish the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications and terms or conditions of repurchase of each class or series of preferred stock so issued. Because our board of directors has the power to establish the preferences and rights of each class or series of preferred stock, it may afford the holders of any series or class of preferred stock preferences, powers and rights senior to the rights of holders of common stock.
If we ever created and issued preferred stock with a distribution preference over common stock, payment of any distribution preferences of outstanding preferred stock would reduce the amount of funds available for the payment of distributions on the common stock. Further, holders of preferred stock are normally entitled to receive a liquidation preference in the event we liquidate, dissolve or wind up before any payment is made to the common stockholders, likely reducing the amount common stockholders would otherwise receive upon such an occurrence. In addition, under certain circumstances, the issuance of preferred stock may render more difficult or tend to discourage a merger, offer or proxy contest, the assumption of control by a holder of a large block of our securities, or the removal of incumbent management. Our board of directors has no present plans to issue any preferred stock, but may do so at any time in the future without stockholder approval. Under our corporate governance guidelines, a majority of our independent directors who do not have an interest in the transaction must approve any issuance of preferred stock.
Meetings and Special Voting Requirements
An annual meeting of the stockholders for the election of directors and the transaction of any business within the powers of the Company shall be held on the date and at the time and place set by the board of directors. Each of our directors will be elected by our stockholders to serve until our next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualifies. Each director is elected by a majority of all the votes cast at a meeting at which a quorum is present, in person or by proxy. There is no cumulative voting in the election of our directors.
Special meetings of stockholders may be called only upon the request of a majority of our directors or our chief executive officer, president or chairman of the board of directors. Special meetings shall also be called by the secretary to act on any matter that may properly be considered at a meeting of stockholders upon the written request of stockholders entitled to cast not less than 10% of all the votes entitled to be cast on such matter at such meeting. The presence either in person or by proxy of stockholders entitled to cast at least one third of all the votes entitled to be cast on such matter at the meeting on any matter will constitute a quorum. Generally, the affirmative vote of a
Exhibit 4.3
majority of all votes cast is necessary to take stockholder action, except as described in the next paragraph and except that the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares represented in person or by proxy at a meeting at which a quorum is present is required to elect a director.
Other than amendments to certain provisions of our charter described below and amendments permitted to be made without stockholder approval under Maryland law or by a specific provision in our charter, our charter may be amended only if such amendment is declared advisable by our board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our board of directors, without stockholder approval, has the power under our charter to amend our charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series that we are authorized to issue, to authorize us to issue authorized but unissued shares of our common stock or preferred stock and to classify or reclassify any unissued shares of our common stock or preferred stock into one or more classes or series of stock and set the terms of such newly classified or reclassified shares. Our board of directors has the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of our bylaws and to make new bylaws.
We generally may not merge with or into or consolidate with another company, sell all or substantially all of our assets or engage in a statutory share exchange or conversion unless such transaction is declared advisable by our board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.
The voluntary dissolution of our company must be declared advisable by a majority of our board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our charter also contains special dissolution voting provisions which apply if we have not raised $450 million in gross proceeds from the sale of capital stock before December 31, 2024. In that circumstance, upon the written request of any beneficial owner of 10% or more of our capital stock made between January 1, 2025 and March 31, 2025, a majority of the board of directors shall adopt a resolution declaring that dissolution is advisable and shall direct the proposed dissolution be submitted for consideration at the next annual meeting. Nothing in our charter limits the ability of the board of directors to recommend against any such dissolution in any communication to stockholders.
Stockholders are not entitled to exercise any of the rights of an objecting stockholder provided for in Title 3, Subtitle 2 of the MGCL unless our board of directors determines that such rights apply, with respect to all or any classes or series of stock, to one or more transactions occurring after the date of the determination in connection with which stockholders would otherwise be entitled to exercise such rights.
Under our corporate governance guidelines, we maintain as part of our books and records an alphabetical list of the names, addresses and telephone numbers of our stockholders, along with the number of shares held by each of them. The stockholder list will be updated at least quarterly to reflect changes in the information contained therein. Except as otherwise required by law, stockholders may request a copy of our stockholder list only in connection with matters relating to such holder’s voting rights and communications relative to the affairs of the Company. Each stockholder who receives a copy of the stockholder list shall keep such list confidential and shall sign a confidentiality agreement to the effect that such stockholder will keep the stockholder list confidential and share such list only with its employees, representatives or agents who agree in writing to maintain the confidentiality of the stockholder list.
If we neglect or refuse to exhibit, produce or mail a copy of our stockholder list as requested, we shall be liable to any stockholder requesting our stockholder list for the costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, incurred by that
Exhibit 4.3
stockholder for compelling the production of our stockholder list, and for actual damages suffered by any such stockholder by reason of such refusal or neglect. It shall be a defense that the actual purpose and reason for the requests for inspection or for a copy of our stockholder list is not for a proper purpose but is instead to secure such list or other information for the purpose of selling our stockholder list or copies thereof, using the list to solicit the acquisition of our shares or for another commercial purpose other than in the interest of the applicant as a stockholder relative to our affairs. We have the right to request that a requesting stockholder represent to us that the list will not be used to pursue commercial interests unrelated to such stockholder’s interest in us. The remedies provided by our corporate governance guidelines to stockholders requesting copies of our stockholder list are in addition to, and shall not in any way limit, other remedies available to stockholders under federal law, or the laws of any state.
In addition to the foregoing, stockholders have rights under Rule 14a-7 under the Exchange Act, which provides that, upon the request of a stockholder and the payment of the expenses of the distribution, we are required to distribute specific materials to stockholders in the context of the solicitation of proxies by a stockholder for voting on matters presented to stockholders or, at our option, provide requesting stockholders with a copy of the list of stockholders so that the requesting stockholder may make the distribution of such materials.
Furthermore, pursuant to our corporate governance guidelines, any stockholder and any designated representative thereof shall be permitted access to our corporate records to which such stockholder is entitled under applicable law at all reasonable times, and may inspect and copy any of them for a reasonable charge. Under Maryland law, stockholders are entitled to inspect and copy only our bylaws, minutes of stockholder proceedings, annual statements of affairs, voting trust agreements and statements of stock and securities issued by us during the period specified by the requesting stockholder, which period may not be longer than 12 months prior to the date of the stockholder’s request. Because our stockholders are entitled to inspect only those corporate records that stockholders are entitled to inspect and copy under Maryland law, our stockholders will not be entitled to inspect and copy the minutes of the meetings of our board of directors, which are records that certain states other than Maryland allow corporate stockholders to inspect and copy. Requests to inspect and/or copy our corporate records must be made in writing to: Sculptor Diversified Real Estate Income Trust, Inc., 9 West 57th Street, 40th Floor, New York, New York 10019. It is the policy of our board of directors to comply with all proper requests for access to our corporate records in conformity with our corporate governance guidelines and Maryland law.
Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer
Each investor who purchases shares in the offering will be required to represent that he, she or it is acquiring the shares for investment purposes and not with a view to distribution or resale, and he, she or it can bear the economic risk of investment for an indefinite period of time. The shares are being offered and sold pursuant to exemptions from the registration provisions of federal and state law. Accordingly, the shares will be subject to restrictions on transfer. Even if these transfer restrictions expire or are not applicable to a particular investor, there is no public market for the shares, and no expectation that one will develop. An investor cannot expect to be able to liquidate his or her investment in case of an emergency.
Our charter contains restrictions on the number of shares of our stock that a person or group may own. No person or group may acquire or hold, directly or indirectly through application of constructive ownership rules, in excess of 9.9% in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of our outstanding common stock or 9.9% in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of our outstanding stock of all classes or series unless they receive an exemption (prospectively or retroactively) from our board of directors. Subject to certain limitations, our board of directors, in its sole discretion, may exempt a person prospectively or retroactively from, or modify, these
Exhibit 4.3
limits, subject to such terms, conditions, representations and undertakings as required by our charter and as our board of directors may determine.
Our charter further prohibits any person from beneficially or constructively owning shares of our stock that would result in our being “closely held” under Section 856(h) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) or otherwise cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT and any person from transferring shares of our stock if the transfer would result in our stock being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons. Any person who acquires or intends to acquire shares of our stock that may violate any of these restrictions, or who is the intended transferee of shares of our stock which are transferred to the trust, as described below, is required to give us immediate written notice, or in the case of a proposed or attempted transaction, give at least 15 days prior written notice, and provide us with such information as we may request in order to determine the effect of the transfer on our status as a REIT. The above restrictions will not apply if our board of directors determines that it is no longer in our best interests to continue to qualify as a REIT or that compliance with such restrictions is no longer required for us to qualify as a REIT.
Any attempted transfer of our stock which, if effective, would result in violation of the above limitations, except for a transfer which results in shares being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons, in which case such transfer will be void and of no force and effect and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such shares, will cause the number of shares causing the violation, rounded to the nearest whole share, to be automatically transferred to a trust for the exclusive benefit of one or more charitable beneficiaries designated by us and the proposed transferee will not acquire any rights in the shares. The automatic transfer will be deemed to be effective as of the close of business on the business day, as defined in our charter, prior to the date of the transfer. Shares of our stock held in the trust will be issued and outstanding shares. The proposed transferee will not benefit economically from ownership of any shares of stock held in the trust, will have no rights to dividends and no rights to vote or other rights attributable to the shares of stock held in the trust. The trustee of the trust will have all voting rights and rights to dividends or other distributions with respect to shares held in the trust. These rights will be exercised for the exclusive benefit of the charitable beneficiaries. Any dividend or other distribution paid prior to our discovery that shares of stock have been transferred to the trust will be paid by the recipient to the trustee upon demand. Any dividend or other distribution authorized but unpaid will be paid when due to the trustee. Any dividend or distribution paid to the trustee will be held in trust for the charitable beneficiaries. Subject to Maryland law, the trustee will have the authority to rescind as void any vote cast by the proposed transferee prior to our discovery that the shares have been transferred to the trust and to recast the vote in accordance with the desires of the trustee acting for the benefit of the charitable beneficiaries. However, if we have already taken irreversible corporate action, then the trustee will not have the authority to rescind and recast the vote.
Within 20 days of receiving notice from us that shares of our stock have been transferred to the trust, the trustee will sell the shares to a person designated by the trustee, whose ownership of the shares will not violate the above ownership limitations. Upon the sale, the interest of the charitable beneficiaries in the shares sold will terminate and the trustee will distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the proposed transferee and to the charitable beneficiaries as follows. The proposed transferee will receive the lesser of (i) the price paid by the proposed transferee for the shares or, if the proposed transferee did not give value for the shares in connection with the event causing the shares to be held in the trust, such as a gift, devise or other similar transaction, the market price, as defined in our charter, of the shares on the day of the event causing the shares to be held in the trust and (ii) the price per share received by the trustee from the sale or other disposition of the shares. The trustee may reduce the amount payable to the proposed transferee by the amount of dividends and other distributions which have been paid to the proposed transferee and are owed by the proposed transferor to the transferee. Any net sale proceeds in excess of the amount payable per share to the proposed transferee will be paid immediately to the charitable beneficiaries. If, prior to our discovery
Exhibit 4.3
that shares of our stock have been transferred to the trust, the shares are sold by the proposed transferee, then the shares shall be deemed to have been sold on behalf of the trust and, to the extent that the proposed transferee received an amount for the shares that exceeds the amount he was entitled to receive, the excess shall be paid to the trustee upon demand.
In addition, shares of our stock held in the trust will be deemed to have been offered for sale to us, or our designee, at a price per share equal to the lesser of (i) the price per share in the transaction that resulted in the transfer to the trust, or, in the case of a devise or gift, the market price at the time of the devise or gift and (ii) the market price on the date we, or our designee, accept the offer. We will have the right to accept the offer until the trustee has sold the shares. Upon a sale to us, the interest of the charitable beneficiaries in the shares sold will terminate and the trustee will distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the proposed transferee. We may reduce the amount payable to the proposed transferee by the amount of dividends and other distributions which have been paid to the proposed transferor and are owed to the proposed transferor to the trustee. We may pay the amount of such reduction to the trustee for the benefit of the charitable beneficiaries.
If the transfer to the trust as described above is not automatically effective for any reason to prevent violation of the above limitations or our failing to qualify as a REIT, then the transfer of the number of shares that otherwise cause any person to violate the above limitations will be void and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such shares.
All certificates, if any, representing shares of our stock issued in the future will bear a legend referring to the restrictions described above.
Every owner of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our stock during any taxable year, or such lower percentage as required by the Code or the regulations promulgated thereunder or as otherwise required by our board of directors, within 30 days after the end of each taxable year, is required to give us written notice, stating his or her name and address, the number of shares of each class and series of our stock which he or she beneficially owns and a description of the manner in which the shares are held. Each such owner shall provide us with such additional information as we may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of its beneficial ownership on our status as a REIT and to ensure compliance with the ownership limits. In addition, each stockholder shall, upon demand, be required to provide us with such information as we may request in good faith in order to determine our status as a REIT and to comply with the requirements of any taxing authority or governmental authority or to determine such compliance.
Restrictions on Roll-Up Transactions
Pursuant to our corporate governance guidelines, in connection with any proposed transaction considered a “Roll-up Transaction” involving us and the issuance of securities of an entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of the Roll-up Transaction, an appraisal of all of our assets must be obtained from a competent independent appraiser. If the appraisal will be included in a prospectus used to offer the securities of the roll-up entity, the appraisal shall be filed with the SEC and the states. The assets will be appraised on a consistent basis, and the appraisal will be based on the evaluation of all relevant information and shall indicate the value of the assets as of a date immediately prior to the announcement of the proposed Roll-up Transaction. The appraisal will assume an orderly liquidation of assets over a 12-month period. The terms of the engagement of the independent appraiser shall clearly state that the engagement is for our benefit and the benefit of our stockholders. A summary of the appraisal, indicating all material assumptions underlying the appraisal, will be included in a report to stockholders in connection with any proposed Roll-up Transaction.
Exhibit 4.3
A “Roll-up Transaction” is a transaction involving the acquisition, merger, conversion or consolidation, directly or indirectly, of us and the issuance of securities of another entity, or a “Roll-up Entity,” that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of such transaction. The term Roll-up Transaction does not include:
•a transaction involving our securities that have been for at least 12 months listed on a national securities exchange; or
•a transaction involving our conversion to a corporate, trust, or association form if, as a consequence of the transaction, there will be no significant adverse change in any of the following: stockholder voting rights; the term of our existence; compensation to Sculptor Advisors LLC (in its capacity as our adviser, the “Adviser”); or our investment objectives.
In connection with a proposed Roll-up Transaction, the person sponsoring the Roll-up Transaction must offer to common stockholders who vote “against” the Roll-up Transaction the choice of:
•accepting the securities of a Roll-up Entity offered in the proposed Roll-up Transaction; or
•one of the following:
oremaining as holders of our stock and preserving their interests therein on the same terms and conditions as existed previously; or
oreceiving cash in an amount equal to the stockholder’s pro rata share of the appraised value of our net assets.
We are prohibited from participating in any proposed Roll-up Transaction:
•that would result in the common stockholders having democracy rights in a Roll-up Entity that are less than those provided in our charter and corporate governance guidelines;
•that includes provisions that would operate to materially impede or frustrate the accumulation of shares of stock by any purchaser of the securities of the Roll-up Entity, except to the minimum extent necessary to preserve the tax status of the Roll-up Entity, or which would limit the ability of an investor to exercise the voting rights of its securities of the Roll-up Entity on the basis of the number of shares of stock held by that investor;
•in which investors’ rights to access of records of the Roll-up Entity will be less than those provided in our charter and the corporate governance guidelines; or
•in which any of the costs of the Roll-up Transaction would be borne by us if the Roll-up Transaction is rejected by our common stockholders.
Registration Rights Agreements
The advisory agreement among us, Sculptor Diversified REIT Operating Partnership LP (the “Operating Partnership”) and the Adviser (the “Advisory Agreement”) provides that with respect to any Class E shares paid as a management fee or received upon conversion of any Class E units paid as a management fee (together, the “Management Fee Shares”), within six months after a listing on a national securities exchange of any class of
Exhibit 4.3
common shares, we will enter into a registration rights agreement with our Adviser for the Management Fee Shares, with terms mutually agreeable to us and our Adviser. This obligation survives the termination of the Advisory Agreement.
Similarly, the limited partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership provides that with respect to any shares of our common stock held by Sculptor Diversified REIT Special Limited Partner LP (the “Special Limited Partner”) or its affiliates that were issued (or are issuable) upon exchange of Class E units issued in connection with the performance participation interest (the “SLP Shares”), within six months after a listing of any class of our shares on a national securities exchange, we will enter into a registration rights agreement with the Special Limited Partner for the SLP Shares, with terms mutually agreeable to us and the Special Limited Partner.
Business Combinations
Under the MGCL, business combinations between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or an affiliate of an interested stockholder are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. These business combinations include a merger, consolidation, share exchange, or, in circumstances specified in the statute, an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities. An interested stockholder is defined as:
•any person who beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 10.0% or more of the voting power of the corporation’s outstanding voting stock; or
•an affiliate or associate of the corporation who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of 10.0% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding stock of the corporation.
A person is not an interested stockholder under the statute if the board of directors approved in advance the transaction by which he otherwise would have become an interested stockholder. However, in approving a transaction, the board of directors may provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the time of approval, with any terms and conditions determined by the board of directors.
After the five-year prohibition, any business combination between the Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by the board of directors of the corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least:
•80.0% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares of voting stock of the corporation; and
•two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting stock of the corporation other than shares of stock held by the interested stockholder with whom or with whose affiliate the business combination is to be effected or held by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder.
These super-majority vote requirements do not apply if, among other things, the corporation’s common stockholders receive a minimum price, as defined under the MGCL, for their shares of our common stock and the consideration is received in cash or in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder.
The statute permits various exemptions from its provisions, including business combinations that are exempted by the board of directors before the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. Our board of
Exhibit 4.3
directors has adopted a resolution providing that any business combination between us and any other person is exempted from this statute, provided that such business combination is first approved by our board of directors. This resolution, however, may be altered or repealed in whole or in part at any time. If this resolution is repealed or our board of directors fails to first approve the business combination, the statute may discourage others from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating any offer.
Control Share Acquisitions
The MGCL provides that a holder of control shares of a Maryland corporation acquired in a control share acquisition has no voting rights except to the extent approved by a vote of stockholders entitled to cast two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Shares of stock owned by the acquiror, by officers or by employees who are directors of the corporation are excluded from shares of stock entitled to vote on the matter. Control shares are voting shares of stock which, if aggregated with all other shares of stock owned by the acquiror or in respect of which the acquiror is able to exercise or direct the exercise of voting power (except solely by virtue of a revocable proxy), would entitle the acquiror to exercise voting power in electing directors within one of the following ranges of voting power:
•one-tenth or more but less than one-third;
•one-third or more but less than a majority; or
•a majority or more of all voting power.
Control shares do not include shares of stock the acquiring person is then entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained stockholder approval or shares acquired directly from the corporation. A control share acquisition means the acquisition of issued and outstanding control shares, subject to certain exceptions.
A person who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition may compel our board of directors to call a special meeting of stockholders to be held within 50 days of demand to consider the voting rights of the shares of stock. The right to compel the calling of a special meeting is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including an undertaking to pay the expenses of the meeting. If no request for a meeting is made, the corporation may itself present the question at any stockholders’ meeting.
If voting rights are not approved at the meeting or if the acquiring person does not deliver an acquiring person statement as required by the statute, then the corporation may redeem for fair value any or all of the control shares, except those for which voting rights have previously been approved. The right of the corporation to redeem control shares is subject to certain conditions and limitations. Fair value is determined, without regard to the absence of voting rights for the control shares, as of the date of any meeting of stockholders at which the voting rights of the shares of stock are considered and not approved or, if no such meeting is held, as of the date of the last control share acquisition by the acquiror. If voting rights for control shares are approved at a stockholders’ meeting and the acquiror becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares of stock entitled to vote, all other stockholders may exercise appraisal rights. The fair value of the shares of stock as determined for purposes of appraisal rights may not be less than the highest price per share paid by the acquiror in the control share acquisition.
The control share acquisition statute does not apply (1) to shares of stock acquired in a merger, consolidation or share exchange if the corporation is a party to the transaction, or (2) to acquisitions approved or exempted by the charter or bylaws of the corporation.
Exhibit 4.3
Our bylaws contain a provision exempting from the Control Share Acquisition Act any and all acquisitions of our stock by any person. There can be no assurance that this provision will not be amended or eliminated at any time in the future.
Subtitle 8
Subtitle 8 of Title 3 of the MGCL permits a Maryland corporation with a class of equity securities registered under the Exchange Act, and at least three independent directors to elect to be subject, by provision in its charter or bylaws or a resolution of its board of directors and notwithstanding any contrary provision in the charter or bylaws, to any or all of five provisions:
•a classified board of directors;
•a two-thirds vote requirement for removing a director;
•a requirement that the number of directors be fixed only by vote of the directors;
•a requirement that a vacancy on the board of directors be filled only by the remaining directors and for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred; and
•a majority requirement for the calling of a stockholder-requested special meeting of stockholders.
In our charter, we have elected that at such time as we become eligible to make the election provided for under Subtitle 8 of Title 3 of the MGCL, vacancies on our board of directors be filled only by the remaining directors and for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred. Through provisions in our charter and bylaws unrelated to Subtitle 8, we vest in our board of directors the exclusive power to fix the number of directorships, provided that the number is not less than three. We have not elected to be subject to any of the other provisions of Subtitle 8.
Vacancies on Board of Directors; Removal of Directors
Unless filled by a vote of the stockholders as permitted by Maryland law, a vacancy that results from the removal of a director will be filled by a vote of a majority of the remaining directors. Any vacancy on our board of directors for any other cause will be filled by a majority of the remaining directors, even if such majority is less than a quorum. Any director elected to fill a vacancy will serve for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred and until a successor is duly elected and qualifies. Pursuant to our corporate governance guidelines, only independent directors may nominate replacements to fill vacancies in our independent director positions.
Any director may resign at any time and may be removed with or without cause by our stockholders upon the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast generally in the election of directors. The notice of any special meeting called for the purpose of the proposed removal shall indicate that the purpose, or one of the purposes, of the meeting is to determine if the director shall be removed.
Advance Notice of Director Nominations and New Business
Our bylaws provide that with respect to an annual meeting of stockholders, nominations of individuals for election to the board of directors and the proposal of business to be considered by our stockholders may be made only
Exhibit 4.3
(1) pursuant to our notice of the meeting, (2) by or at the direction of our board of directors or (3) by a stockholder who is a stockholder of record at the record date set by our board of directors for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to vote at the annual meeting, at the time of giving the advance notice required by the bylaws and at the time of the meeting (and any postponement or adjournment thereof), who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual nominated or on such other business and who has complied with the advance notice procedures of the bylaws. With respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business specified in our notice of the meeting may be brought before the meeting and, except as contemplated by and in accordance with our bylaws, no stockholder may nominate an individual for election to the board of directors or make a proposal of other business to be considered at a special meeting. Nominations of individuals for election to our board of directors at a special meeting may be made only (1) by or at the direction of our board of directors or (2) provided that the meeting has been called for the purpose of electing directors, by a stockholder who is a stockholder of record at the record date set by our board of directors for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to vote at the special meeting, at the time of giving the advance notice required by the bylaws and at the time of the meeting (and any postponement or adjournment thereof), who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual nominated and who has complied with the advance notice provisions of the bylaws.
Forum for Certain Litigation
Our bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland or, if that court does not have jurisdiction, the United States District Court for the District of Maryland, Baltimore Division, shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action brought on our behalf, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the Company to us or to our stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Maryland General Corporation Law or (iv) any action asserting a claim that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. In the event that any action or proceeding described in the preceding sentence is pending in the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland, any record or beneficial stockholder of the Company who commences such an action shall cooperate in a request that the action be assigned to the court’s Business and Technology Case Management Program. This provision of our bylaws does not apply to claims brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction or to claims under state securities laws.
Tender Offers
Our charter provides that any tender offer made by any person, including any “mini-tender” offer, must comply with the provisions of Regulation 14D of the Exchange Act, including the notice and disclosure requirements. Among other things, the offeror must provide us notice of such tender offer at least ten business days before initiating the tender offer. If a person makes a tender offer that does not comply with such provisions, we may elect to grant tendering stockholders a rescission right with respect to their tendered shares. In addition, the non-complying offeror will be responsible for all of our expenses in connection with that offeror’s noncompliance.
Effect of Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of our Charter and Bylaws
The business combination provisions and the control share acquisition provisions of Maryland law, the provision of our charter electing to be subject to a provision of Subtitle 8, and the advance notice provisions of our bylaws could delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change in control of our company that might involve a premium price for stockholders or otherwise be in their best interest.
Exhibit 4.3
Special Dissolution Voting Provisions
Our charter contains special provisions regarding the dissolution of our company. As we have not raised $450 million in gross proceeds from the sale of capital stock before December 31, 2024, then between January 1, 2025 and March 31, 2025, any beneficial owner of 10% or more of our capital stock may direct a majority of the board of directors to adopt a resolution declaring that dissolution of our company is advisable and submit the proposed dissolution for consideration at the next annual meeting of the stockholders. Pursuant to our charter, the board of directors may recommend against any such dissolution in a communication to stockholders. In such a circumstance, our dissolution would be subject to a stockholder vote (without neutral voting) and we may have to dissolve even if we do not believe it to be in our best interest.
Springing Charter Provisions in the Event of an Initial Public Offering
In the future, we may conduct an initial public offering of our common stock. Because shares of our common stock are not listed on a national securities exchange, and are not expected to be listed in connection with a future public offering of shares of our common stock, we would be required to register an initial public offering with the state securities administrators in each state in which we desired to offer securities for sale. In offerings that are subject to their regulation, most states hold real estate investment trusts to the standards set forth in the Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment Trusts promulgated by the North American Securities Administrators Association, Inc., or the “NASAA REIT Guidelines.” As a result, our current charter includes a number of “springing” provisions that are required by the NASAA REIT Guidelines and will come into effect only upon the commencement of an initial public offering. Many of these provisions are substantially similar to those in our governance guidelines, but there are additional “springing” charter provisions that go beyond our current governance guidelines. Unlike our corporate governance guidelines, once these “springing” charter provisions come into effect, they cannot be waived or amended by our board; rather they can only be amended with the approval of holders of a majority of our outstanding common stock.