Description of Securities

EX-4.6 3 ex4-6.htm

 

Exhibit 4.6

 

Description of Securities

 

The following summary of the material terms of the capital stock of RenovoRx, Inc. (“we,” “our,” “us” or the “Company”) is not intended to be a complete description of all of the rights and preferences of such securities. Because it is only a summary, it does not contain all of the information that may be important to you, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our Sixth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the Amended and Restated Bylaws, and the Warrant Agent Agreement, which are exhibits to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, as well as by the applicable provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”). We urge you to read each of the Sixth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the Amended and Restated Bylaws, and the Warrant Agent Agreement in their entirety for a complete description of the rights and preferences of our securities.

 

Authorized Capital Stock

 

Our authorized capital stock consists of 265,000,000 shares, $0.0001 par value per share, of which:

 

250,000,000 shares are designated as common stock; and
   
15,000,000 shares are designated as preferred stock.

 

All of our outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and non-assessable.

 

Common Stock

 

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the trading symbol “RNXT.” The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Philadelphia Stock Transfer, Inc. The transfer agent and registrar’s address is 2320 Haverford Road, Suite 230, Ardmore, Pennsylvania 19003.

 

Voting Rights

 

Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on matters to be voted on by stockholders and also are entitled to receive such dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors in its discretion out of funds legally available therefor. Holders of our common stock have exclusive voting rights for the election of our directors and all other matters requiring stockholder action, except with respect to amendments to our certificate of incorporation that alter or change the powers, preferences, rights or other terms of any outstanding preferred stock if the holders of such affected series of preferred stock are entitled to vote on such an amendment or filling vacancies on the board of directors.

 

Dividends

 

Holders of common stock are entitled to share ratably in any dividends declared by our board of directors, if any, subject to any preferential dividend rights of any outstanding preferred stock. Dividends consisting of shares of common stock may be paid to holders of shares of common stock. We do not intend to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

 

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Liquidation and Dissolution

 

Upon our liquidation or dissolution, the holders of our common stock will be entitled to receive pro rata all assets remaining available for distribution to stockholders after payment of all liabilities and provision for the liquidation of any shares of preferred stock at the time outstanding.

 

Rights and Preferences

 

Holders of our common stock have no preemptive, conversion or subscription rights, and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of our common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate and issue in the future.

 

Preferred Stock

 

Our board of directors will have the authority, without further action by the stockholders, to issue up to 15,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the designations, powers, preferences, privileges, and relative participating, optional, or special rights as well as the qualifications, limitations, or restrictions of the preferred stock, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, and liquidation preferences, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of the common stock. Our board of directors, without stockholder approval, will be able to issue convertible preferred stock with voting, conversion, or other rights that could adversely affect the voting power and other rights of the holders of common stock. Preferred stock could be issued quickly with terms calculated to delay or prevent a change of control or make removal of management more difficult. Additionally, the issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of decreasing the market price of our common stock, and may adversely affect the voting and other rights of the holders of common stock. We have no present plans to issue any shares of preferred stock.

 

Public Warrants

 

On August 25, 2021, the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 relating to its initial public offering (“IPO”) of units of securities, or Units, was declared effective by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, (or “SEC”). In connection with the IPO, the Company issued and sold an aggregate of 1,850,000 units at a price of $9.00 per unit. Each unit consisted of (a) one share of common stock and (b) one warrant to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price equal to $10.80 per share, which is exercisable for a period of five years after the issuance date (“Warrant(s)”). The Company also granted the underwriters an over-allotment option, exercisable for 45 days after August 25, 2021, to purchase any combination of up to 277,500 shares of its common stock and/or common stock warrants to purchase 277,500 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $10.80 per share. The underwriters exercised their over-allotment option to purchase 277,500 common stock warrants on August 30, 2021. In connection with the IPO, the underwriters were issued a five-year warrant, exercisable on or after February 25, 2022, to purchase up to 198,875 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $10.80 (the “Underwriter’s Warrant”).

 

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Warrant Agent

 

The Warrants were issued in registered form under a warrant agent agreement (the “Warrant Agent Agreement”) between us and our warrant agent, Philadelphia Stock Transfer, Inc. (the “Warrant Agent”). The material provisions of the warrants are set forth herein and a copy of the Warrant Agent Agreement has been filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement on Form S-1. The Company and the Warrant Agent may amend or supplement the Warrant Agent Agreement without the consent of any holder for the purpose of curing any ambiguity, or curing, correcting or supplementing any defective provision contained therein or adding or changing any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under the Warrant Agent Agreement as the parties thereto may deem necessary or desirable and that the parties determine, in good faith, shall not adversely affect the interest of the Warrant holders. All other amendments and supplements to the Warrant Agent Agreement shall require the vote or written consent of holders of at least 50.1% of the Warrants.

 

Warrant Terms

 

The Warrants entitle the registered holder to purchase one share of our common stock at a price equal to $10.80 per share, subject to adjustment as discussed below, terminating at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the fifth (5th) anniversary of the date of issuance.

 

The exercise price and number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances, including in the event of a stock dividend, extraordinary dividend or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation.

 

The Warrants may be exercised upon surrender of the warrant certificate on or prior to the expiration date at the offices of the Warrant Agent, with the exercise form attached to the warrant certificate completed and executed as indicated, accompanied by full payment of the exercise price, by certified or official bank check payable to us, for the number of warrants being exercised. The Warrant holders do not have the rights or privileges of holders of common stock or any voting rights until they exercise their Warrants and receive shares of common stock, except as set forth in the Warrants. After the issuance of shares of common stock upon exercise of the Warrants, each holder will be entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be voted on by stockholders.

 

No Warrants will be exercisable for cash unless at the time of the exercise a prospectus or prospectus relating to common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants is current and the common stock has been registered or qualified or deemed to be exempt under the securities laws of the state of residence of the holder of the warrants. Under the terms of the Warrant Agent Agreement, we have agreed to use our best efforts to maintain a current prospectus or prospectus relating to common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants until the expiration of the Warrants. Additionally, the market for the Warrants may be limited if the prospectus or prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants is not current or if the common stock is not qualified or exempt from qualification in the jurisdictions in which the holders of such Warrants reside. In no event will the registered holders of a Warrant be entitled to receive a net-cash settlement in lieu of physical settlement in shares of our common stock.

 

No fractional shares of common stock will be issued upon exercise of the Warrants. If, upon exercise of the Warrants, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, we will, upon exercise, round down to the nearest whole number the number of shares of common stock to be issued to the Warrant holder. If multiple Warrants are exercised by the holder at the same time, we will aggregate the number of whole shares issuable upon exercise of all the Warrants.

 

Private Warrants

 

In the IPO, the Company triggered the automatic conversion of certain outstanding convertible notes plus accrued interest into an aggregate of 708,820 private units, each unit consisting of one share of common stock and one five-year warrant to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price equal to $10.80 per share. The private warrants have substantially the same terms as the public Warrants except that the private warrants were issued in a transaction exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

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Registration Rights of Certain Stockholders

 

The Underwriter’s Warrant contains a right to require us to register the offer and sale of their shares, or to include their shares in any registration statement we file, in each case as described below.

 

Demand Registration Rights

 

The Underwriter’s Warrant will provide for one demand registration right at our expense and an additional demand registration right at the holder’s expense for a period of five years following the date of commencement of the IPO.

 

Piggyback Registration Rights

 

The Underwriter’s Warrant will provide for unlimited piggyback registration rights at our expense for a period of five years following the date of commencement of the IPO.

 

Anti-Takeover Effects of Delaware law and Our Sixth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws

 

Certain provisions of Delaware law and certain provisions that are included in our Sixth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and our Amended and Restated Bylaws may have the effect of delaying, deferring or discouraging another party from acquiring control of us.

 

Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law

 

We are subject to Section 203 of the DGCL, which prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any business combination with any interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date that such stockholder became an interested stockholder, with the following exceptions:

 

● before such date, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

 

● upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction began, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding (but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder) those shares owned (i) by persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

 

● on or after such date, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of the stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder.

 

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In general, Section 203 defines business combination to include the following:

 

● any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

 

● any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation involving the interested stockholder;

 

● subject to certain exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder;

 

● any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock or any class or series of the corporation owned by the interested stockholder; or

 

● any receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits by or through the corporation.

 

In general, Section 203 defines an “interested stockholder” as an entity or person who, together with the person’s affiliates and associates, beneficially owns, or within three years prior to the time of determination of interested stockholder status (subject to certain other requirements) did own, 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation.

 

Board of Directors Vacancies

 

Our Sixth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws authorize only our board of directors to fill vacant directorships. In addition, the number of directors constituting our board of directors may be set only by resolution of the majority of the incumbent directors.

 

Removal of Directors

 

Our Sixth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that stockholders may only remove a director for cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds in voting power of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company entitled to vote at an election of directors.

 

No Cumulative Voting

 

Our Sixth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that stockholders do not have the right to cumulate votes in the election of directors.

 

Stockholder Action; Special Meeting of Stockholders

 

Our Sixth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws provide that our stockholders may not take action by written consent. Our Sixth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws further provide that special meetings of our stockholders may be called by a majority of the board of directors, the Chief Executive Officer, or the Chairman of the board of directors.

 

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Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations

 

Our Amended and Restated Bylaws provide that stockholders seeking to bring business before our annual meeting of stockholders, or to nominate candidates for election as directors at our annual meeting of stockholders, must provide timely notice of their intent in writing. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to the secretary at our principal executive offices not later than 5 p.m., local time, on the 90th day nor earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event the date of the annual meeting is more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after such anniversary date, or if no annual meeting was held in the preceding year, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than 5 p.m., local time, on the 120th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than 5 p.m., local time, on the later of the 90th day prior to such annual meeting or the 10th day following the day on which a public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by us. These provisions may preclude our stockholders from bringing matters before our annual meeting of stockholders or from making nominations for directors at our annual meeting of stockholders.

 

Authorized but Unissued Shares

 

Our authorized but unissued shares of common stock and preferred stock are available for future issuance without stockholder approval and may be utilized for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings to raise additional capital, corporate acquisitions and employee benefit plans. The existence of authorized but unissued and unreserved common stock and preferred stock could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise. If we issue such shares without stockholder approval and in violation of limitations imposed by the Nasdaq Capital Market or any stock exchange on which our stock may then be trading, our stock could be delisted.

 

Exclusive Forum

 

Our Sixth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the State of Delaware is the sole and exclusive forum for: (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of us, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of our Company to us or our stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against us, our directors, officers or employees arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or our Sixth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or our Amended and Restated Bylaws, or (iv) any action asserting a claim against us, our directors, officers, employees or agents governed by the internal affairs doctrine, except for, as to each of (i) through (iv) above, any claim as to which the Court of Chancery determines that there is an indispensable party not subject to the jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery (and the indispensable party does not consent to the personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery within ten days following such determination), which is vested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery, or for which the Court of Chancery does not have subject matter jurisdiction.

 

Additionally, our Sixth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock are deemed to have notice of and consented to this provision.

 

Limitation of Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors

 

Our Sixth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws provide that we must indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL.

 

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