Debenture Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 6, 2022, between Remark Holdings, Inc. and Ionic Ventures, LLC

This DEBENTURE PURCHASE AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), dated as of October 6, 2022, is by and among Remark Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the buyer signatory made a party hereto (“Buyer”).

A. Each of the Company and Buyer is executing and delivering this Agreement in reliance upon the exemption from securities registration afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), and/or Rule 506(b) of Regulation D (“Regulation D”) as promulgated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the 1933 Act.

B. The Company has authorized the issuance and sale of a convertible subordinated debenture of the Company, in the aggregate original principal amount of $2,778,000, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Debenture”), which Debenture shall be convertible into Common Shares (as defined below) (the Common Shares issuable pursuant to the terms of the Debenture, including, without limitation, upon conversion of principal and any interest, late charges or additional amounts or otherwise thereunder, collectively, the “Conversion Shares”), in accordance with the terms of the Debenture.

C. Buyer wishes to purchase, and the Company wishes to sell, upon the terms and conditions stated in this Agreement, a Debenture in the aggregate original principal amount of $2,778,000 issuable on the Closing Date (as defined below).

D. On the Closing Date, the parties hereto shall execute and deliver a Registration Rights Agreement, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “RRA”), pursuant to which the Company shall agree to provide certain registration rights with respect to the Registrable Securities (as defined in the RRA), under the 1933 Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and applicable state securities laws.

G. Except as may be otherwise limited hereby or thereby, the Debenture will be unsecured and subordinated to any existing or future debt obligations of the Company.

H. The Debenture and the Conversion Shares are collectively referred to herein as the “Securities”.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants contained herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and Buyer hereby agree as follows:

(a)Purchase of the Debenture. Subject to the satisfaction (or waiver) of the conditions set forth in Sections 6 and 7 below, the Company shall issue and sell to Buyer, and Buyer agrees to purchase from the Company on the Closing Date, the Debenture in the original principal amount of $2,778,000.

(b)Closing. The closing of the purchase of the Debenture by Buyer (the “Closing” and the date of such Closing, the “Closing Date”) shall occur at the offices of K&L Gates LLP, 599 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10022-6030. The date and time of the Closing shall be 10:00 a.m., New York time, on the first (1st) Business Day after the date on which all of the conditions to the Closing set forth in Sections 6 and 7 below are satisfied or waived (or such other date as is mutually agreed to by the Company and Buyer). As used herein “Business Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized or required by law to remain closed; provided, however, for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to be authorized or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”, “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential employee” or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction of any governmental authority so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The City of New York generally are open for use by customers on such day.

(c)Purchase Price. The purchase price for the Debenture to be purchased by Buyer (the “Purchase Price”) shall be $2,500,000.

(d)Form of Payment. On the Closing Date, (A) Buyer shall pay the Purchase Price (less the amounts withheld pursuant to Section 4(g)) to the Company for the Debenture to be issued and sold to Buyer on the Closing Date, by wire transfer of immediately available funds in accordance with a Flow of Funds Letter (as defined below) and (B) the Company shall deliver to Buyer the Debenture in the aggregate original principal amount of $2,778,000, duly executed on behalf of the Company and registered in the name of Buyer or its designee.

Buyer represents and warrants to the Company that, as of the date hereof and as of the Closing:

(a)Organization; Authority. Buyer is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization with the requisite corporate power and authority to conduct its business as currently conducted and to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder.

(b)No Public Sale or Distribution. Buyer (i) is acquiring the Debenture and (ii) upon conversion of the Debenture will acquire the Conversion Shares issuable upon conversion thereof, in each case, for its own account and not with a view towards, or for resale in connection with, the public sale or distribution thereof in violation of applicable securities laws, except pursuant to sales registered or exempted under the 1933 Act and any applicable state securities

laws; provided, however, by making the representations herein, Buyer does not agree, or make any representation or warranty, to hold any of the Securities for any minimum or other specific term and reserves the right to dispose of the Securities at any time in accordance with or pursuant to a registration statement or an exemption from registration under the 1933 Act and any applicable state securities laws. Buyer does not presently have any agreement or understanding, directly or indirectly, with any Person to distribute any of the Securities in violation of applicable securities laws. For purposes of this Agreement, “Person” means an individual, a limited liability company, a partnership, a joint venture, a corporation, a trust, an unincorporated organization, any other entity and any Governmental Entity (as defined below) or any department or agency thereof.

(c)Accredited Investor Status. Buyer is an “accredited investor” as that term is defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D.

(d)Reliance on Exemptions. Buyer understands that the Securities are being offered and sold to it in reliance on specific exemptions from the registration requirements of United States federal and state securities laws and that the Company is relying in part upon the truth and accuracy of, and Buyer’s compliance with, the representations, warranties, agreements, acknowledgments and understandings of Buyer set forth herein in order to determine the availability of such exemptions and the eligibility of Buyer to acquire the Securities.

(e)Information. Buyer and its advisors, if any, have been furnished with all materials relating to the business, finances, and operations of the Company and materials relating to the offer and sale of the Securities that have been requested by Buyer. Buyer and its advisors, if any, have been afforded the opportunity to ask questions of the Company. Neither such inquiries nor any other due diligence investigations conducted by Buyer or its advisors, if any, or its representatives shall modify, amend or affect Buyer’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained herein. Buyer understands that its investment in the Securities involves a high degree of risk. Buyer has sought such accounting, legal and tax advice as it has considered necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to its acquisition of the Securities.

(f)No Governmental Review. Buyer understands that no United States federal or state agency or any other government or governmental agency has passed on or made any recommendation or endorsement of the Securities or the fairness or suitability of the investment in the Securities nor have such authorities passed upon or endorsed the merits of the offering of the Securities.

(g)Transfer or Resale. Buyer understands that except as provided in the RRA and Section 4(h) hereof: (i) the Securities have not been and are not being registered under the 1933 Act or any state securities laws, and may not be offered for sale, sold, assigned or transferred unless (A) subsequently registered thereunder, (B) Buyer shall have delivered to the Company (if requested by the Company) an opinion of counsel, in a form reasonably acceptable to the Company, to the effect that such Securities to be sold, assigned or transferred may be sold, assigned or transferred pursuant to an exemption from such registration, or (C) Buyer provides the Company with reasonable assurance that such Securities can be sold, assigned or transferred pursuant to Rule 144 or Rule 144A promulgated under the 1933 Act (or a successor rule thereto) (collectively, “Rule 144”); (ii) any sale of the Securities made in reliance on Rule 144 may be made only in accordance with the terms of Rule 144, and further, if Rule 144 is not applicable, any resale of the Securities under circumstances in which the seller (or the Person through whom the sale is made) may be deemed to be an underwriter (as that term is defined in the 1933 Act) may require compliance with some other exemption under the 1933 Act or the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder; and (iii) neither the Company nor any other Person is under any obligation to register the Securities under the 1933 Act or any state securities

laws or to comply with the terms and conditions of any exemption thereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Securities may be pledged in connection with a bona fide margin account or other loan or financing arrangement secured by the Securities and such pledge of Securities shall not be deemed to be a transfer, sale or assignment of the Securities hereunder, and no Buyer effecting a pledge of Securities shall be required to provide the Company with any notice thereof or otherwise make any delivery to the Company pursuant to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, including, without limitation, this Section 2(g).

(h)Validity; Enforcement. This Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party have been duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered on behalf of Buyer and shall constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations of Buyer enforceable against Buyer in accordance with their respective terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by general principles of equity or applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation and other similar laws relating to, or affecting generally, the enforcement of applicable creditors’ rights and remedies.

(i)No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by Buyer of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the consummation by Buyer of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby will not (i) result in a violation of the organizational documents of Buyer, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, indenture or instrument to which Buyer is a party, or (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including federal and state securities laws) applicable to Buyer, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for such conflicts, defaults, rights or violations which could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the ability of Buyer to perform its obligations hereunder.

(j)No Short Selling. The Buyer represents and warrants to the Company that at no time prior to the date of this Agreement has any of the Buyer, its agents, representatives or affiliates engaged in or effected, and shall not engage in or effect, in any manner whatsoever, directly or indirectly, any (i) “short sale” (as such term is defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), of the Common Shares (excluding transactions properly marked “short exempt”) or (ii) hedging transaction, which establishes a net short position with respect to the Common Shares.

The Company represents and warrants to Buyer that, as of the date hereof and as of the Closing:

(a)Organization and Qualification. Except as set forth on Schedule 3(a), each of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries are entities duly organized and validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction in which they are formed, and have the requisite corporate power and authority to own their properties and to carry on their business as now being conducted. Each of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries is duly qualified as a foreign entity to do business and is in good standing in every jurisdiction in which its ownership of property or the nature of the business conducted by it makes such qualification necessary. As used in this Agreement, “Material Adverse Effect” means any material adverse effect on (i) the business, properties, assets, liabilities, operations (including results thereof), condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the Company or any Subsidiary, taken as a whole, (ii) the transactions contemplated hereby or in any of the other Transaction Documents or any other agreements or instruments to be entered into in connection herewith or therewith or (iii) the authority or ability of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to perform any of their respective obligations under

any of the Transaction Documents. The Company has no Subsidiaries except as set forth on Schedule 3(a). “Subsidiaries” means any Person in which the Company, directly or indirectly, (I) owns a majority of the outstanding share capital or holds a majority of the equity or similar interest of such Person or (II) controls or operates all or any part of the business, operations or administration of such Person, and each of the foregoing, is individually referred to herein as a “Subsidiary”.

(b)Authorization; Enforcement; Validity. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and to issue the Securities in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents by the Company, and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (including, without limitation, the issuance of the Debenture and the reservation for issuance and issuance of the Conversion Shares issuable upon conversion of the Debenture) have been duly authorized by the Company’s board of directors (the “Signing Resolutions”), and the Signing Resolutions are valid, in full force and effect, have been furnished to Buyer, and have not been modified or supplemented in any respect. Other than the filing with the SEC of one or more Registration Statements in accordance with the requirements of the RRA, the filing of a Form D with the SEC, any other filings as may be required by any state securities agencies, and the submission of a Listing of Additional Shares Notification with the Principal Market (as defined below) (collectively, the “Required Filings”), no further filing, consent or authorization is required by the Company, its Subsidiaries, their respective boards of directors or other governing body, as applicable, or their respective shareholders or stockholders, as applicable, in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. This Agreement has been, and the other Transaction Documents to which the Company is a party will be prior to the applicable Closing, duly executed and delivered by the Company, and each constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by general principles of equity or applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally, the enforcement of applicable creditors’ rights and remedies and except as rights to indemnification and to contribution may be limited by federal or state securities law. “Transaction Documents” means, collectively, this Agreement, the Debenture, the RRA, the purchase agreement with respect to the Company’s equity line financing, the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions (as defined below) and each of the other agreements and instruments entered into and delivered by any of the parties hereto or any of the Subsidiaries in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, as may be amended from time to time.

(c)Issuance of Securities. The issuance of the Debenture is duly authorized and, upon issuance in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents, shall be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free from all preemptive or similar rights, mortgages, defects, claims, liens, pledges, charges, taxes, rights of first refusal, encumbrances, security interests and other encumbrances (collectively “Liens”) with respect to the issuance thereof. As of the Closing Date, the Company shall have reserved from its duly authorized share capital not less than 150% of the maximum number of Conversion Shares issuable upon conversion of the Debenture (assuming for purposes hereof that (x) the Debenture are convertible at the Standard Conversion Price (as defined in the Debenture) and (y) any such conversion shall not take into account any limitations on the conversion of the Debenture set forth in the Debenture). Upon issuance or conversion in accordance with the Debenture, the Conversion Shares, when issued, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free from all preemptive or similar rights or Liens with respect to the issue thereof, with the holders thereof being entitled to all rights accorded to a holder of Common Shares. Subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of Buyer in this Agreement, the offer and issuance by the Company of the Securities is exempt from registration under the 1933 Act.

(d)No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (including, without limitation, the issuance of the Debenture, the Conversion Shares and the reservation for issuance of the Conversion Shares) will not (i) result in a violation of the Certificate of Incorporation (as defined below) (including, without limitation, any certificate of designation contained therein) or the Bylaws (as defined below), (ii) except as set forth on Schedule 3(d), conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) in any respect under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, indenture or instrument to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party, or (iii) assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties in Section 2 and the making of the Required Filings, result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including, without limitation, foreign, federal and state securities laws and regulations and the rules and regulations of the Nasdaq Capital Market (the “Principal Market”) and including all applicable foreign, federal and state laws, rules and regulations) applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or by which any property or asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound or affected, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for such breaches, violations or conflicts as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect.

(e)Consents. Other than the Required Filings and such consents, authorizations, filings or registrations the absence of which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is required to obtain any consent from, authorization or order of, or make any filing or registration with, any Governmental Entity or any regulatory or self-regulatory agency or any other Person in order for the Company and such Subsidiaries to execute, deliver or perform any of their respective obligations under or contemplated by the Transaction Documents, in each case, in accordance with the terms hereof or thereof. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is aware of any facts or circumstances that might prevent the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from obtaining or effecting any of the Required Filings or any other registrations, applications or filings contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Other than as set forth on Schedule 3(e), the Company is not in violation of the requirements of the Principal Market and has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances that could reasonably lead to delisting or suspension of the Common Shares in the foreseeable future. “Governmental Entity” means any nation, state, province, region, county, prefecture, city, town, township, village, district, or other political jurisdiction of any nature, federal, state, local, municipal, foreign, or other government, governmental or quasi-governmental authority of any nature (including any governmental agency, branch, department, official, or entity and any court or other tribunal), multi-national organization or body; or body exercising, or entitled to exercise, any administrative, executive, judicial, legislative, police, regulatory, or taxing authority or power of any nature or instrumentality of any of the foregoing, including any entity or enterprise owned or controlled by a government or a public international organization or any of the foregoing.

(f)Acknowledgment Regarding Buyer’s Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that Buyer is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and that Buyer is not (i) an officer or director of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) an “affiliate” (as defined in Rule 144) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (iii) to the Company’s knowledge, a “beneficial owner” (as defined for purposes of Rule 13d-3 of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”)) of more than 10% of the Common Shares. The Company further acknowledges that Buyer is not acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, and any advice given by Buyer or any of its representatives or agents in connection

with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby is merely incidental to Buyer’s purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to Buyer that the Company’s and each Subsidiary’s decision to enter into the Transaction Documents to which each is a party has been based solely on the independent evaluation by the Company, each Subsidiary and their respective representatives. For the avoidance of doubt, Company further acknowledges to Buyer that Buyer is not a broker dealer nor is Buyer registered or required to be registered as a broker dealer.

(g)No General Solicitation; Placement Agent’s Fees. Neither the Company, nor any of its Subsidiaries or affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf, has engaged in any form of general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of Regulation D) in connection with the offer or sale of the Securities. The Company shall be responsible for the payment of any placement agent’s fees, financial advisory fees, or brokers’ commissions (other than for Persons engaged by Buyer or its investment advisor) relating to or arising out of the transactions contemplated hereby. The Company shall pay, and hold Buyer harmless against, any liability, loss or expense (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees and out-of-pocket expenses) arising in connection with any such claim. Except as set forth on Schedule 3(g), neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged any placement agent, broker, finder, or other agent in connection with the offer or sale of the Securities.

(h)No Integrated Offering. None of the Company, its Subsidiaries or any of their affiliates, nor any Person acting on their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would require registration of the issuance of any of the Securities under the 1933 Act, whether through integration with prior offerings or otherwise, or cause this offering of the Securities to require approval of stockholders of the Company in connection with the offering of the Securities for purposes of the 1933 Act or under any applicable stockholder approval provisions, including, without limitation, under the rules and regulations of any exchange or automated quotation system on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated for quotation. None of the Company, its Subsidiaries, their affiliates, nor any Person acting on their behalf will take any action or steps that would require registration of the issuance of any of the Securities under the 1933 Act or cause the offering of any of the Securities to be integrated with other offerings of securities of the Company.

(i)Dilutive Effect. The Company understands and acknowledges that the number of Conversion Shares will increase in certain circumstances. The Company further acknowledges that its obligation to issue the Conversion Shares pursuant to the terms of the Debenture in accordance with this Agreement and the Debenture is, in each case, absolute and unconditional regardless of the dilutive effect that such issuance may have on the ownership interests of other shareholders of the Company, which may be substantial under various market conditions.

(j)Application of Takeover Protections; Rights Agreement. The Company and its board of directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, interested shareholder, business combination, poison pill (including, without limitation, any distribution under a rights agreement), shareholder rights plan or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws or other organizational documents or the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or otherwise which is or could become applicable to any Buyer as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, without limitation, the Company’s issuance of the Securities and any Buyer’s ownership of the Securities. The Company and its board of directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any shareholder rights plan or similar arrangement relating to accumulations of beneficial ownership of Common Shares or a change in control of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

(k)SEC Documents; Financial Statements. Except as set forth on Schedule 3(k), since December 31, 2020, the Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, proxy statements, information statements and other documents required to be filed or furnished by it with the SEC pursuant to the reporting requirements of the 1934 Act (reports filed in compliance with the time period specified in Rule 12b-25 promulgated under the 1934 Act shall be considered timely for this purpose) (all of the foregoing filed prior to the date hereof and all exhibits and appendices included therein and financial statements, notes and schedules thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein being hereinafter referred to as the “SEC Documents”). The Company has delivered or has made available to Buyer or its representatives true, correct and complete copies of each of the SEC Documents not available on the EDGAR system. As of their respective dates, the SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the requirements of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder applicable to the SEC Documents, and none of the SEC Documents, at the time they were filed with the SEC, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. As of their respective dates, the financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Documents (the “Financial Statements”) complied in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto as in effect as of the time of filing. Such Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”), consistently applied, during the periods involved (except (i) as may be otherwise indicated in such financial statements or the notes thereto, or (ii) in the case of unaudited interim statements, to the extent they may exclude footnotes or may be condensed or summary statements) and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company as of the dates thereof and the results of its operations and cash flows for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments which will not be material, either individually or in the aggregate). The reserves, if any, established by the Company or the lack of reserves, if applicable, are reasonable based upon facts and circumstances known by the Company on the date hereof and there are no loss contingencies that are required to be accrued by the Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 5 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board which are not provided for by the Company in its financial statements or otherwise. No other information provided by or on behalf of the Company to Buyer which is not included in the SEC Documents (including, without limitation, information referred to in Section 2(e) of this Agreement or in the disclosure schedules to this Agreement) contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading, in the light of the circumstance under which they are or were made. The Company is not currently contemplating to amend or restate any of the Financial Statements (including, without limitation, any notes or any letter of the independent accountants of the Company with respect thereto), nor is the Company currently aware of facts or circumstances which would require the Company to amend or restate any of the Financial Statements, in each case, in order for any of the Financials Statements to be in material compliance with U.S. GAAP and the rules and regulations of the SEC. The Company has not been informed by its independent accountants that they recommend that the Company amend or restate any of the Financial Statements or that there is any need for the Company to amend or restate any of the Financial Statements.

(l)Absence of Certain Changes. Since the date of the Company’s most recent audited Financial Statements filed with the SEC, there has been no material adverse change and no material adverse development in the business, assets, liabilities, properties, operations (including results thereof), condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Since the date of the Company’s most recent audited Financial Statements filed with the SEC, except as set forth on Schedule 3(l), neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has (i) declared or paid any dividends, (ii) sold any assets, individually or in the aggregate, outside of the ordinary course of business or (iii) made any capital expenditures,

individually or in the aggregate, outside of the ordinary course of business. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has taken any steps to seek protection pursuant to any law or statute relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, receivership, liquidation or winding up, nor does the Company or any Subsidiary have any knowledge or reason to believe that any of their respective creditors intend to initiate involuntary bankruptcy proceedings or any actual knowledge of any fact which would reasonably lead a creditor to do so. The Company and its Subsidiaries, individually and on a consolidated basis, are not as of the date hereof, and after giving effect to the transactions contemplated hereby to occur at the Closing, will not be Insolvent (as defined below). For purposes of this Section 3(l), “Insolvent” means, (i) with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, (A) the present fair saleable value of the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ assets is less than the amount required to pay the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ total Indebtedness (as defined below), (B) the Company and its Subsidiaries are unable to pay their debts and liabilities, subordinated, contingent or otherwise, as such debts and liabilities become absolute and matured or (C) the Company and its Subsidiaries intend to incur or believe that they will incur debts that would be beyond their ability to pay as such debts mature; and (ii) with respect to the Company and each Subsidiary, individually, (A) the present fair saleable value of the Company’s or such Subsidiary’s (as the case may be) assets is less than the amount required to pay its respective total Indebtedness, (B) the Company or such Subsidiary (as the case may be) is unable to pay its respective debts and liabilities, subordinated, contingent or otherwise, as such debts and liabilities become absolute and matured or (C) the Company or such Subsidiary (as the case may be) intends to incur or believes that it will incur debts that would be beyond its respective ability to pay as such debts mature. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in any business or in any transaction, and is not about to engage in any business or in any transaction, for which the Company’s or such Subsidiary’s remaining assets constitute unreasonably small capital with which to conduct the business in which it is engaged as such business is now conducted and is proposed to be conducted.

(m)No Undisclosed Events, Liabilities, Developments or Circumstances. No event, liability, development or circumstance has occurred or exists, or is reasonably expected to exist or occur with respect to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective businesses, properties, liabilities, prospects, operations (including results thereof) or condition (financial or otherwise), that (i) would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws on a registration statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC relating to an issuance and sale by the Company of its Common Shares and which has not been publicly announced or (ii) could have a Material Adverse Effect.

(n)Violations; Regulatory Permits. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of any term of or in default under the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, any certificate of designation, preferences or rights of any outstanding series of preferred shares or other special shares of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the certificate of formation, memorandum of association, articles of association, articles of incorporation, certificate of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational documents of any of the Subsidiaries, as applicable. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of any judgment, decree or order or any statute, ordinance, rule or regulation applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries will conduct its business in violation of any of the foregoing, except in all cases for possible violations which could not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, except as set forth on Schedule 3(n), the Company is not in violation of any of the rules, regulations or requirements of the Principal Market and has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances that could reasonably lead to delisting or suspension of the Common Shares by the Principal Market in the foreseeable future. Except as set forth on Schedule 3(n), since December 31, 2020, (i) the Common Shares have been listed or designated for quotation on the Principal Market, (ii) trading in the Common Shares has not been suspended by the SEC or the

Principal Market and (iii) the Company has received no communication, written or oral, from the SEC or the Principal Market regarding the suspension or delisting of the Common Shares from the Principal Market. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses, except where the failure to possess such certificates, authorizations or permits would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, and neither the Company nor any such Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, authorization or permit. There is no agreement, commitment, judgment, injunction, order or decree binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party which has or would reasonably be expected to have the effect of prohibiting or materially impairing any business practice of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any acquisition of property by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the conduct of business by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as currently conducted other than such effects, individually or in the aggregate, which have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

(o)Foreign Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company any of its Subsidiaries or to the Company’s knowledge any director, officer, agent, employee, nor any other Person acting for or on behalf of the foregoing (individually and collectively, a “Company Affiliate”) have violated the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act or any other applicable anti-bribery or anti-corruption laws, nor to the Company’s knowledge has any Company Affiliate offered, paid, promised to pay, or authorized the payment of any money, or offered, given, promised to give, or authorized the giving of anything of value, to any officer, employee or any other Person acting in an official capacity for any Governmental Entity to any political party or official thereof or to any candidate for political office (individually and collectively, a “Government Official”) or to any Person under circumstances where such Company Affiliate knew or was aware of a high probability that all or a portion of such money or thing of value would be offered, given or promised, directly or indirectly, to any Government Official, for the purpose of:

(i)(A) influencing any act or decision of such Government Official in his/her official capacity, (B) inducing such Government Official to do or omit to do any act in violation of his/her lawful duty, (C) securing any improper advantage, or (D) inducing such Government Official to influence or affect any act or decision of any Governmental Entity, or

(ii)assisting the Company or its Subsidiaries in obtaining or retaining business for or with, or directing business to, the Company or its Subsidiaries.

(p)Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Company and each Subsidiary is in compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder.

(q)Transactions With Affiliates. No current or former employee, partner, director, officer of the Company or its Subsidiaries, or equityholder of any Subsidiary, or 5% or greater equityholder (direct or indirect) of the Company (an “Equityholder”), or any associate, or, to the knowledge of the Company, any affiliate of any of the foregoing, or, to the knowledge of the Company, any relative with a relationship no more remote than first cousin of any of the foregoing, is presently, or has ever been, (i) a party to any transaction with the Company or its Subsidiaries (including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services by, or rental of real or personal property from, or otherwise requiring payments to, any such director, officer, equityholder or Equityholder or such associate or affiliate or relative (other than for ordinary course services as employees, officers or directors of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries)) or (ii) the direct or indirect owner of an interest in any

corporation, firm, association or business organization which is a competitor, supplier or customer of the Company or its Subsidiaries (except for a passive investment (direct or indirect) in less than 5% of the common equity of a company whose securities are traded on or quoted through an Eligible Market (as defined herein)), nor does any such Person receive income from any source other than the Company or its Subsidiaries which relates to the business of the Company or its Subsidiaries or should properly accrue to the Company or its Subsidiaries. No employee, officer, or director of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any Equityholder of the Company or equityholder of any Subsidiary or member of any of the foregoing’s immediate family is indebted to the Company or its Subsidiaries, as the case may be, nor is the Company or any of its Subsidiaries indebted (or committed to make loans or extend or guarantee credit) to any of them, other than (i) for payment of salary for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for reasonable expenses incurred on behalf of the Company, and (iii) for other standard employee benefits made generally available to all employees or executives (including share option agreements outstanding under any share option plan approved by the Board of Directors of the Company).

(r)Equity Capitalization.

(i)Definition: “Common Shares” means (x) the Company’s shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, and (y) any share capital into which such Common Shares shall have been changed or any share capital resulting from a reclassification of such Common Shares.

(ii)Authorized and Outstanding Share Capital. As of September 30, 2022, the authorized share capital of the Company consists of 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 175,000,000 Common Shares, of which 106,407,769 shares are issued and outstanding and 25,238,160 shares are reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding securities exercisable or exchangeable for, or convertible into, Common Shares. No Common Shares are held in the treasury of the Company.

(iii)Valid Issuance; Available Shares; Affiliates. All of such outstanding shares are duly authorized and have been validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable. All shares underlying Convertible Securities are duly authorized and, upon issuance in accordance with the terms of the agreements governing such Convertible Securities, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. Schedule 3(r)(iii) sets forth the number of Common Shares that are (A) reserved for issuance pursuant to Convertible Securities (other than the Debenture) and (B) as of the date hereof, owned by Persons who are “affiliates” (as defined in Rule 405 of the 1933 Act and calculated based on the assumption that only officers, directors and holders of at least 10% of the Company’s issued and outstanding Common Shares are “affiliates” without conceding that any such Persons are “affiliates” for purposes of federal securities laws) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. To the Company’s knowledge, no Person owns 10% or more of the Company’s issued and outstanding Common Shares (calculated based on the assumption that all Convertible Securities, whether or not presently exercisable or convertible, have been fully exercised or converted (as the case may be) taking account of any limitations on exercise or conversion (including “blockers”) contained therein without conceding that such identified Person is a 10% shareholder for purposes of federal securities laws).

(iv)Existing Securities; Obligations. Except as disclosed on Schedule 3(r)(iv): (A) none of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s shares, interests or share capital is subject to preemptive rights or any other similar rights or Liens suffered or permitted by the Company or any Subsidiary; (B) there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or

securities or rights convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, any shares, interests or share capital of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may become bound to issue additional shares, interests or share capital of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, any shares, interests or share capital of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (C) there are no agreements or arrangements under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is obligated to register the sale of any of their securities under the 1933 Act (except pursuant to the RRA); (D) there are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (E) there are no securities or instruments containing anti-dilution or similar provisions that will be triggered by the issuance of the Securities; and (F) neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any share appreciation rights or “phantom share” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement.

(v)Organizational Documents. The Company has furnished to Buyer true, correct and complete copies of the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended through, and as in effect on, the date hereof (the “Certificate of Incorporation”), and the Company’s bylaws, as amended through, and as in effect on, the date hereof (the “Bylaws”), and the material terms of all Convertible Securities and the material rights of the holders thereof in respect thereto that are not described in the SEC Documents.

(s)Indebtedness and Other Contracts. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, (i) except as disclosed on Schedule 3(s), has any outstanding debt securities, notes, credit agreements, credit facilities or other agreements, documents or instruments evidencing Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may become bound, (ii) except as disclosed in Schedule 3(s), is a party to any contract, agreement or instrument, the violation of which, or default under which, by the other party or parties to such contract, agreement or instrument could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (iii) has any financing statements securing obligations in any amounts filed in connection with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (iv) is in violation of any term of, or in default under, any contract, agreement or instrument relating to any Indebtedness, except where such violations and defaults would not result, individually or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect, or (v) is a party to any contract, agreement or instrument relating to any Indebtedness, the performance of which, in the judgment of the Company’s officers, has or is expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries have any liabilities or obligations required to be disclosed in the SEC Documents which are not so disclosed in the SEC Documents, other than those incurred in the ordinary course of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ respective businesses and which, individually or in the aggregate, do not or could not have a Material Adverse Effect. For purposes of this Agreement: (x) “Indebtedness” of any Person means, without duplication (A) all indebtedness for borrowed money, (B) all obligations issued, undertaken or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property or services (including, without limitation, “capital leases” in accordance with U.S. GAAP) (other than trade payables entered into in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice), (C) all reimbursement or payment obligations with respect to letters of credit, surety bonds and other similar instruments, (D) all obligations evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures or similar instruments, including obligations so evidenced incurred in connection with the acquisition of property, assets or businesses, (E) all indebtedness created or arising under any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, or incurred as financing, in either case with respect to any property or assets acquired with the proceeds of such indebtedness (even

though the rights and remedies of the seller or bank under such agreement in the event of default are limited to repossession or sale of such property), (F) all monetary obligations under any leasing or similar arrangement which, in connection with U.S. GAAP, consistently applied for the periods covered thereby, is classified as a capital lease, (G) all indebtedness referred to in clauses (A) through (F) above secured by (or for which the holder of such indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien upon or in any property or assets (including accounts and contract rights) owned by any Person, even though the Person which owns such assets or property has not assumed or become liable for the payment of such indebtedness, and (H) all Contingent Obligations in respect of indebtedness or obligations of others of the kinds referred to in clauses (A) through (G) above; and (y) “Contingent Obligation” means, as to any Person, any direct or indirect liability, contingent or otherwise, of that Person with respect to any Indebtedness, lease, dividend or other obligation of another Person if the primary purpose or intent of the Person incurring such liability, or the primary effect thereof, is to provide assurance to the obligee of such liability that such liability will be paid or discharged, or that any agreements relating thereto will be complied with, or that the holders of such liability will be protected (in whole or in part) against loss with respect thereto.

(t)Litigation. There is no material action, suit, arbitration, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or by the Principal Market, any court, public board, other Governmental Entity, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the Common Shares or any of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ officers or directors, whether of a civil or criminal nature or otherwise, in their capacities as such, except as set forth in Schedule 3(t). To the Company’s knowledge, no director, officer or employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has willfully violated 18 U.S.C. §1519 or engaged in spoliation in reasonable anticipation of litigation. Without limitation of the foregoing, there has not been, there is not pending, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not contemplated, any investigation by the SEC involving the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any current or former director or officer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. The SEC has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company under the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act. The Company has no knowledge of any fact that might result in or form the basis for any such action, suit, arbitration, investigation, inquiry or other proceeding. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any order, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, determination, or award of any Governmental Entity.

(u)Insurance. The Company and its subsidiaries have insurance coverage against losses and risk to their respective businesses as such other similarly situated companies.

(v)Employee Relations. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any collective bargaining agreement or employs any member of a union. The Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relations with their employees are good. No executive officer (as defined in Rule 501(f) promulgated under the 1933 Act) or other key employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has notified the Company or any such Subsidiary that such officer or employee intends to leave the Company or any such Subsidiary or otherwise terminate such officer’s or employee’s employment with the Company or any such Subsidiary. No executive officer or other key employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement, non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant, and the continued employment of each such executive officer or other key employee (as the case may be) does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations respecting labor, employment and employment practices and benefits, terms and conditions of

employment and wages and hours, except where failure to be in compliance would not, either individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(w)Title.

(i)Real Property. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries holds good title to all real property, leases in real property, facilities or other interests in real property owned or held by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (the “Real Property”) owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (as applicable). Such Real Property is free and clear of all Liens and is not subject to any rights of way, building use restrictions, exceptions, variances, reservations, or limitations of any nature except for (a) Liens for current taxes not yet due, (b) zoning laws and other land use restrictions that do not impair the present or anticipated use of the property subject thereto and (c) those that are not likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Any Real Property held under lease by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with such exceptions as are not material and do not interfere in any material respect with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

(ii)Fixtures and Equipment. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries (as applicable) has good title to, or a valid leasehold interest in, the tangible personal property, equipment, improvements, fixtures, and other personal property and appurtenances that are used by the Company or such Subsidiaries in connection with the conduct of their respective businesses (the “Fixtures and Equipment”). The Fixtures and Equipment are structurally sound, are in good operating condition and repair, are adequate for the uses to which they are being put, are not in need of maintenance or repairs except for ordinary, routine maintenance and repairs and are sufficient for the conduct of the Company’s and/or its Subsidiaries’ businesses (as applicable) in the manner as conducted prior to the Closing. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries owns all of their respective Fixtures and Equipment free and clear of all Liens except for (a) liens for current taxes not yet due and (b) zoning laws and other land use restrictions that do not impair the present or anticipated use of the property subject thereto.

(iii)Intellectual Property Rights. The Company and its Subsidiaries own or possess adequate rights or licenses to use all trademarks, trade names, service marks, service mark registrations, service names, original works of authorship, patents, patent rights, copyrights, inventions, licenses, approvals, governmental authorizations, trade secrets and other intellectual property rights and all applications and registrations therefor (“Intellectual Property Rights”) necessary to conduct their respective businesses as now conducted. Each of the patents owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is set forth on Schedule 3(w)(iii). The Company does not have any knowledge of any infringement by the Company or its Subsidiaries of Intellectual Property Rights of others. There is no claim, action or proceeding being made or brought, or to the knowledge of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, being threatened, against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries regarding its Intellectual Property Rights except where such claim, action or proceeding is not likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is aware of any facts or circumstances that might give rise to any of the foregoing infringements or claims, actions or proceedings. The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality, and value of all of their Intellectual Property Rights.

(x)Environmental Laws. To the Company’s knowledge, the Company and its Subsidiaries (A) are in compliance with any and all Environmental Laws (as defined below), (B) have received all permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable

Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses and (C) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval except where, in each of the foregoing clauses (A), (B) and (C), the failure to so comply would be reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. The term “Environmental Laws” means all federal, state, local or foreign laws relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata), including, without limitation, laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder.

(y)Subsidiary Rights. Except as otherwise disclosed in Schedule 3(y), the Company or one of its Subsidiaries has the unrestricted right to vote, and (subject to limitations imposed by applicable law) to receive dividends and distributions on, all capital securities of its Subsidiaries as owned by the Company or such Subsidiary.

(z)Tax Status. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries (i) have made or filed all foreign, federal and state income and all other tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) have paid all material taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations, except those being contested in good faith and for which reserves required by U.S. GAAP have been created in the financial statements of the Company and (iii) have set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company and its Subsidiaries know of no basis for any such claim. The Company is not operated in such a manner as to qualify as a passive foreign investment company, as defined in Section 1297 of the United States Internal Revenue Code, as amended (the “Code”). The net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) for United States federal income tax purposes of the consolidated group of which the Company is the common parent, if any, shall not be adversely affected by the transactions contemplated hereby. The transactions contemplated hereby do not constitute an “ownership change” within the meaning of Section 382 of the Code, thereby preserving the Company’s ability to utilize such NOLs.

(aa)Internal Accounting and Disclosure Controls. Except as set forth in Schedule 3(aa), the Company and each of its Subsidiaries maintains internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the 1934 Act) that is effective to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP, including that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP and to maintain asset and liability accountability, (iii) access to assets or incurrence of liabilities is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets and liabilities is compared with the existing assets and liabilities at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any difference. Except as set forth in Schedule 3(aa), the Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the 1934 Act) that are effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the 1934 Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, including, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed

by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the 1934 Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer or officers and its principal financial officer or officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Except as set forth in Schedule 3(aa), neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice or correspondence from any accountant, Governmental Entity or other Person relating to any potential material weakness or significant deficiency in any part of the internal controls over financial reporting of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

(bb)Off Balance Sheet Arrangements. There is no transaction, arrangement, or other relationship between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and an unconsolidated or other off balance sheet entity that is required to be disclosed by the Company in its 1934 Act filings and is not so disclosed or that otherwise could be reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect.

(cc)Investment Company Status. The Company is not, and upon consummation of the sale of the Securities will not be, an “investment company,” an affiliate of an “investment company,” a company controlled by an “investment company” or an “affiliated person” of, or “promoter” or “principal underwriter” for, an “investment company” as such terms are defined in the United States Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

(dd)Manipulation of Price. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has, and, to the knowledge of the Company, no Person acting on their behalf has, directly or indirectly, (i) taken any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (iv) paid or agreed to pay any Person for research services with respect to any securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

(ff) U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is, or has ever been, and so long as any of the Securities are held by Buyer, shall become, a United States real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897 of the Code, and the Company and each Subsidiary shall so certify upon Buyer’s request.

(ee)Registration Eligibility. The Company is eligible to register the Registrable Securities for resale by Buyer using Form S-1 promulgated under the 1933 Act.

(ff)Transfer Taxes. On or prior to the Closing, all share transfer or other taxes (other than income or similar taxes) which are required to be paid in connection with the issuance, sale and transfer of the Debenture to be sold to Buyer hereunder will be, or will have been, fully paid or provided for by the Company, and all laws imposing such taxes will be or will have been complied with.

(ii)Illegal or Unauthorized Payments; Political Contributions. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the best of the Company’s knowledge (after reasonable inquiry of its officers and directors), any of the officers, directors, employees, agents or other representatives of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any other business entity or enterprise with which the Company or any Subsidiary is or has been affiliated or associated, has, directly or indirectly, made or authorized any payment, contribution or gift of money, property, or services, whether or not in contravention of applicable law, (i) as a kickback or bribe to any Person or (ii) to any political organization, or the holder of or any aspirant to any elective or appointive public office except for personal political contributions not involving the direct or indirect use of funds of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

(jj)Money Laundering. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with, and have not previously violated, the USA Patriot Act of 2001 and all other applicable U.S. and non-U.S. anti-money laundering laws and regulations, including, without limitation, the laws, regulations and Executive Orders and sanctions programs administered by the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control, including, but not limited, to (i) Executive Order 13224 of September 23, 2001 entitled, “Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions With Persons Who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism” (66 Fed. Reg. 49079 (2001)); and (ii) any regulations contained in 31 CFR, Subtitle B, Chapter V.

(kk)Management. Except as set forth in Schedule 3(kk) hereto, during the past five-year period, no current officer or director or, to the knowledge of the Company, no former officer or director or current 10% or greater equityholder of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has been the subject of:

(i)a petition under bankruptcy laws or any other insolvency or moratorium law or the appointment by a court of a receiver, fiscal agent or similar officer for such Person, or any partnership in which such Person was a general partner at or within two years before the filing of such petition or such appointment, or any corporation or business association of which such Person was an executive officer at or within two years before the time of the filing of such petition or such appointment;

(ii)a conviction in a criminal proceeding or a named subject of a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations that do not relate to driving while intoxicated or driving under the influence);

(iii)any order, judgment or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction, permanently or temporarily enjoining any such Person from, or otherwise limiting, the following activities:

(1)acting as a futures commission merchant, introducing broker, commodity trading advisor, commodity pool operator, floor broker, leverage transaction merchant, any other Person regulated by the United States Commodity Futures Trading Commission or an associated Person of any of the foregoing, or as an investment adviser, underwriter, broker or dealer in securities, or as an affiliated Person, director or employee of any investment company, bank, savings and loan association or insurance company, or engaging in or continuing any conduct or practice in connection with such activity;

(2)engaging in any particular type of business practice; or

(3)engaging in any activity in connection with the purchase or sale of any security or commodity or in connection with any violation of securities laws or commodities laws;

(iv)any order, judgment or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any authority barring, suspending or otherwise limiting for more than sixty (60) days the right of any such Person to engage in any activity described in the preceding sub paragraph, or to be associated with Persons engaged in any such activity;

(v)a finding by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the SEC or other authority to have violated any securities law, regulation or decree and the judgment in such civil action or finding by the SEC or any other authority has not been subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated; or

(vi)a finding by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated any federal commodities law, and the judgment in such civil action or finding has not been subsequently reversed, suspended, or vacated.

(ll)Share Option Plans. Each share option granted by the Company was granted (i) in accordance with the terms of the applicable share option plan of the Company and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of the Common Shares on the date such share option would be considered granted under U.S. GAAP and applicable law. No share option granted under the Company’s share option plan has been backdated. The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been no policy or practice of the Company to knowingly grant, share options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of share options with, the release or other public announcement of material information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or their financial results or prospects.

(mm)No Disagreements with Accountants and Lawyers. There are no material disagreements of any kind presently existing, or reasonably anticipated by the Company to arise, between the Company and the accountants and lawyers formerly or presently employed by the Company and the Company is current with respect to any fees owed to its accountants and lawyers which could affect the Company’s ability to perform any of its obligations under any of the Transaction Documents. In addition, on or prior to the date hereof, the Company has had discussions with its accountants about its financial statements previously filed with the SEC. Based on those discussions, the Company has no reason to believe that it will need to restate any such financial statements or any part thereof.

(nn)No Disqualification Events. With respect to Securities to be offered and sold hereunder in reliance on Rule 506(b) under the 1933 Act (“Regulation D Securities”), none of the Company, any of its predecessors, any affiliated issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the offering contemplated hereby, any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act) connected with the Company in any capacity at the time of sale (each, an “Issuer Covered Person”) is subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the 1933 Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3). The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Issuer Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. The Company has complied, to the extent applicable, with its disclosure obligations under Rule 506(e), and has furnished to Buyer a copy of any disclosures provided thereunder.

(oo)Other Covered Persons. The Company is not aware of any Person that has been or will be paid (directly or indirectly) remuneration for solicitation of Buyer or potential purchasers in connection with the sale of any Regulation D Securities.

(pp)No Additional Agreements. The Company does not have any agreement or understanding with Buyer with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents other than as specified in the Transaction Documents.

(qq)Public Utility Holding Act. None of the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a “holding company,” or an “affiliate” of a “holding company,” as such terms are defined in the Public Utility Holding Act of 2005.

(rr)Federal Power Act. None of the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to regulation as a “public utility” under the Federal Power Act, as amended.

(ss)Disclosure. The Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided Buyer or Buyer’s agents or counsel with any information that constitutes or could reasonably be expected to constitute material, non-public information concerning the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, other than the existence of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and the disclosures contained in the Company’s disclosure schedules to this Agreement. The Company understands and confirms that Buyer will rely on the foregoing representations in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All disclosure provided to Buyer in the Transaction Documents regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, including the disclosures schedules to this Agreement, furnished by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. All of the written information furnished after the date hereof by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to Buyer pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, taken as a whole, will be true and correct in all material respects as of the date on which such information is so provided and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. No event or circumstance has occurred or information exists with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or its or their business, properties, liabilities, prospects, operations (including results thereof) or conditions (financial or otherwise), which, under applicable law, rule or regulation, requires public disclosure at or before the date hereof or announcement by the Company but which has not been so publicly disclosed. All financial projections and forecasts that have been prepared by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and made available to Buyer have been prepared in good faith based upon reasonable assumptions and represented, at the time each such financial projection or forecast was delivered to Buyer, the Company’s best estimate of future financial performance (it being recognized that such financial projections or forecasts are not to be viewed as facts and that the actual results during the period or periods covered by any such financial projections or forecasts may differ from the projected or forecasted results). The Company acknowledges and agrees that Buyer has not made and is not making any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Section 2.

(a)Reasonable Best Efforts. Buyer shall use its reasonable best efforts to timely satisfy each of the covenants hereunder and conditions to be satisfied by it as provided in Section 6 of this Agreement. The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to timely satisfy each of the covenants hereunder and conditions to be satisfied by it as provided in Section 7 of this Agreement.

(b)Form D and Blue Sky. The Company shall file a Form D with respect to the Securities as required under Regulation D and to provide a copy thereof to Buyer promptly after such filing. The Company shall, on or before the Closing, take such action as the Company shall reasonably determine is necessary in order to obtain an exemption for, or to, qualify the Securities for sale to Buyer at the Closing pursuant to this Agreement under applicable securities or “Blue Sky” laws of the states of the United States (or to obtain an exemption from such qualification), and shall provide evidence of any such action so taken to Buyer on or prior to the Closing. Without limiting any other obligation of the Company under this Agreement, the Company shall make all filings and reports relating to the offer and sale of the Securities required under all applicable securities laws (including, without limitation, all applicable federal securities laws and all applicable “Blue Sky” laws), and the Company shall comply with all

applicable foreign, federal, state and local laws, statutes, rules, regulations and the like relating to the offering and sale of the Securities to Buyer.

(c)Reporting Status. Until the date on which Buyer shall have sold all of the Registrable Securities (the “Reporting Period”), the Company shall timely file all reports required to be filed with the SEC pursuant to the 1934 Act, in accordance with the requirements of the 1934 Act (reports filed in compliance with the time period specified in Rule 12b-25 promulgated under the 1934 Act shall be considered timely for this purpose), and the Company shall not terminate its status as an issuer required to file reports under the 1934 Act even if the 1934 Act or the rules and regulations thereunder would otherwise permit such termination. From the time Form S-1 is available to the Company for the registration of the Registrable Securities, the Company shall take all actions reasonably necessary to maintain its eligibility to register the Registrable Securities for resale by Buyer on Form S-1.

(d)Use of Proceeds. The Company will use the proceeds from the sale of the Securities for general corporate purposes, but not, directly or indirectly, for (i) except as set forth on Schedule 4(d), the satisfaction of any Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) the redemption or repurchase of any securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (iii) the settlement of any outstanding litigation.

(e)Financial Information. The Company agrees to send the following to each Investor (as defined in the RRA) during the Reporting Period (i) unless the following are filed or furnished with the SEC through EDGAR and are available to the public through the EDGAR system, within one (1) Business Day after the filing or furnishing thereof with the SEC, a copy of its Annual Report on Form 10-K, any Current Report on Form 8-K, any other interim reports or any consolidated balance sheets, income statements, shareholders’ equity statements and/or cash flow statements for any period other than annual contained in such reports, and any registration statements or amendments filed pursuant to the 1933 Act, (ii) unless the following are either filed with the SEC through EDGAR or are otherwise widely disseminated via a recognized news release service (such as PR Newswire), on the same day as the release thereof, email copies of all press releases issued by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (iii) unless the following are filed with the SEC through EDGAR, copies of any notices and other information made available or given to the shareholders of the Company generally, contemporaneously with the making available or giving thereof to such shareholders.

(f)Listing. The Company shall promptly secure the listing or designation for quotation (as the case may be) of all of the Registrable Securities upon each national securities exchange (as such term is used in Section 6 of the 1934 Act) and automated quotation system, if any, upon which the Common Shares is then listed or designated for quotation (as the case may be) (subject to official notice of issuance) and shall maintain such listing or designation for quotation (as the case may be) of all Registrable Securities from time to time issuable under the terms of the Transaction Documents on such national securities exchange or automated quotation system. The Company shall use reasonable best efforts to maintain the Common Shares’ listing or authorization for quotation (as the case may be) on the Principal Market, The New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Global Market or the Nasdaq Global Select Market (each, an “Eligible Market”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall take any action that could be reasonably expected to result in the delisting or suspension of the Common Shares on an Eligible Market. The Company shall pay all fees and expenses in connection with satisfying its obligations under this Section 4(f).

(g)Fees. The Company shall reimburse Buyer for all actual costs and expenses incurred by it or its affiliates in connection with the structuring, documentation, negotiation and closing of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (including, without limitation, as applicable, all reasonable legal fees of outside counsel and disbursements of K&L

Gates LLP, counsel to Buyer, any other reasonable fees and expenses in connection with the structuring, documentation, negotiation and closing of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and due diligence and regulatory filings in connection therewith) (the “Transaction Expenses”) and the Transaction Expenses accrued to the date of the Closing, less, $10,000 previously paid by the Company to Buyer, shall be withheld by Buyer from the Purchase Price at the Closing; provided, that the aggregate Transaction Expenses shall not exceed $45,000 (the “Fee Cap”) and the Company shall promptly reimburse K&L Gates LLP on demand for all Transaction Expenses not so reimbursed through withholding at Closing. The Company shall be responsible for the payment of any placement agent’s fees, financial advisory fees, transfer agent fees, DTC (as defined below) fees or broker’s commissions (other than for Persons engaged by Buyer) relating to or arising out of the transactions contemplated hereby. The Company shall pay, and hold Buyer harmless against, any liability, loss or expense (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees and out-of-pocket expenses) arising in connection with any claim relating to any such payment. Except as otherwise set forth in the Transaction Documents, each party to this Agreement shall bear its own expenses in connection with the sale of the Securities to Buyer.

(h)Pledge of Securities. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Company acknowledges and agrees that the Securities may be pledged by an Investor (as defined in the RRA) in connection with a bona fide margin agreement or other loan or financing arrangement that is secured by the Securities. The pledge of Securities shall not be deemed to be a transfer, sale or assignment of the Securities hereunder, and no Investor effecting a pledge of Securities shall be required to provide the Company with any notice thereof or otherwise make any delivery to the Company pursuant to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, including, without limitation, Section 2(g) hereof; provided that an Investor and its pledgee shall be required to comply with the provisions of Section 2(g) hereof in order to effect a sale, transfer or assignment of Securities to such pledgee. The Company hereby agrees to execute and deliver such documentation as a pledgee of the Securities may reasonably request in connection with a pledge of the Securities to such pledgee by Buyer.

(i)Disclosure of Transactions and Other Material Information.

(i)Disclosure of Transaction. The Company, on or before 9:30 a.m., New York time, on the first (1st) Business Day after the date of this Agreement, may issue a press release (the “Press Release”) reasonably acceptable to Buyer disclosing all the material terms of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. On or before 9:30 a.m., New York time, on the first (1st) Business Day after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall furnish a Current Report on Form 8-K describing all the material terms of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents in the form required by the 1934 Act and attaching all the material Transaction Documents (including, without limitation, this Agreement, the form of Debenture and the form of the RRA) (including all attachments, the “8-K Filing”). From and after the furnishing of the 8-K Filing, the Company shall have disclosed all material, non-public information (if any) provided to Buyer by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. In addition, effective upon the furnishing of the 8-K Filing, the Company acknowledges and agrees that any and all confidentiality or similar obligations under any agreement, whether written or oral, between the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, affiliates, employees or agents, on the one hand, and Buyer or any of its affiliates, on the other hand, shall terminate.

(ii)Limitations on Disclosure. The Company shall not, and the Company shall cause each of its Subsidiaries and each of its and their respective officers, directors,

employees and agents not to, provide Buyer with any material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from and after the date hereof without the express prior written consent of Buyer (which may be granted or withheld in Buyer’s sole discretion). In the event of a breach of any of the foregoing covenants or any of the covenants or agreements contained in any other Transaction Document, by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of its or their respective officers, directors, employees and agents (as determined in the reasonable good faith judgment of Buyer), in addition to any other remedy provided herein or in the Transaction Documents, Buyer shall have the right to make a public disclosure, in the form of a press release, public advertisement or otherwise, of such breach or such material, non-public information, as applicable, without the prior approval by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of its or their respective officers, directors, employees or agents. Buyer shall not have any liability to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of its or their respective officers, directors, employees, affiliates, equityholders or agents, for any such disclosure. To the extent that the Company delivers any material, non-public information to Buyer without Buyer’s consent, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that Buyer shall not have any duty of confidentiality with respect to, or a duty not to trade on the basis of, such material, non-public information. Subject to the foregoing, neither the Company, its Subsidiaries nor Buyer shall issue any press releases or any other public statements with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby; provided, however, the Company shall be entitled, without the prior approval of Buyer, to make the Press Release and any press release or other public disclosure with respect to such transactions (i) in substantial conformity with the 8-K Filing and contemporaneously therewith and (ii) as is required by applicable law and regulations (provided that in the case of clause (i) Buyer shall be consulted by the Company in connection with any such press release or other public disclosure prior to its release). Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary and without implication that the contrary would otherwise be true, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that Buyer shall not have (unless expressly agreed to by Buyer after the date hereof in a written definitive and binding agreement executed by the Company and Buyer), any duty of confidentiality with respect to, or a duty not to trade on the basis of, any material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

(iii)Other Confidential Information. Disclosure Failures; Disclosure Delay Payments. In addition to other remedies set forth in this Section 4(i), and without limiting anything set forth in any other Transaction Document, at any time after the Closing Date if the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents, provides Buyer with material non-public information relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (each, the “Confidential Information”), the Company shall, on or prior to the applicable Required Disclosure Date (as defined below), publicly disclose such Confidential Information on a Current Report on Form 8-K or otherwise (each, a “Disclosure”). From and after such Disclosure, the Company shall have disclosed all Confidential Information provided to Buyer by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, or agents in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. In the event that the Company fails to effect such Disclosure on or prior to the Required Disclosure Date and Buyer shall have possessed Confidential Information for at least five (5) consecutive Trading Days (as defined in the Debenture) (each, a “Disclosure Failure”), then, as partial relief for the damages to Buyer by reason of any such delay in, or reduction of, its ability to buy or sell Common Shares after such Required Disclosure Date (which remedy shall not be exclusive of any other remedies available at law or in equity), the Company shall pay to Buyer an amount in cash equal to the greater of (I) 2% of the aggregate Purchase Price and (II) the applicable Disclosure Restitution Amount (as defined below), on each of the following dates (each, a “Disclosure Delay Payment

Date”): (i) on the date of such Disclosure Failure and (ii) on every thirty (30) day anniversary of such Disclosure Failure until the earlier of (x) the date such Disclosure Failure is cured and (y) such time as all such non-public information provided to Buyer shall cease to be Confidential Information (as evidenced by a certificate, duly executed by an authorized officer of the Company to the foregoing effect) (such earlier date, as applicable, a “Disclosure Cure Date”). Following the initial Disclosure Delay Payment for any particular Disclosure Failure, without limiting the foregoing, if a Disclosure Cure Date occurs prior to any thirty (30) day anniversary of such Disclosure Failure, then such Disclosure Delay Payment (prorated for such partial month) shall be made on the second (2nd) Business Day after such Disclosure Cure Date. The payments to which Buyer shall be entitled pursuant to this Section 4(i)(iii) are referred to herein as “Disclosure Delay Payments”. In the event the Company fails to make Disclosure Delay Payments in a timely manner in accordance with the foregoing, such Disclosure Delay Payments shall bear interest at the rate of 2% per month (prorated for partial months) until paid in full.

(iv)For the purpose of this Agreement the following definitions shall apply:

(1)“Disclosure Failure Market Price” means, as of any Disclosure Delay Payment Date, the price computed as the quotient of (I) the sum of the five (5) highest VWAPs (as defined in the Debenture) of the Common Shares during the applicable Disclosure Restitution Period (as defined below), divided by (II) five (5) (such period, the “Disclosure Failure Measuring Period”). All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any share dividend, share split, share combination, reclassification, or similar transaction that proportionately decreases or increases the Common Shares during such Disclosure Failure Measuring Period.

(2)“Disclosure Restitution Amount” means, as of any Disclosure Delay Payment Date, the product of (x) difference of (I) the Disclosure Failure Market Price less (II) the lowest purchase price, per Common Shares, of any Common Shares issued or issuable to Buyer pursuant to this Agreement or any other Transaction Documents, multiplied by (y) 10% of the aggregate daily dollar trading volume (as reported on Bloomberg, L.P.) of the Common Shares on the Principal Market for each Trading Day either (1) with respect to the initial Disclosure Delay Payment Date, during the period commencing on the applicable Required Disclosure Date through and including the Trading Day immediately prior to the initial Disclosure Delay Payment Date or (2) with respect to each other Disclosure Delay Payment Date, during the period commencing the immediately preceding Disclosure Delay Payment Date through and including the Trading Day immediately prior to such applicable Disclosure Delay Payment Date (such applicable period, the “Disclosure Restitution Period”).

(3)“Required Disclosure Date” means (x) if Buyer authorized the delivery of such Confidential Information, either (I) if the Company and Buyer have mutually agreed upon a date (as evidenced by an e-mail or other writing) of Disclosure of such Confidential Information, such agreed upon date or (II) otherwise, the seventh (7th) calendar day after the date Buyer first received any Confidential Information or (y) if Buyer did not authorize the delivery of such Confidential Information, the first (1st) Business Day after Buyer’s receipt of such Confidential Information.

(j)Additional Registration Statements. Until the Applicable Date (as defined below) and at any time thereafter while any Registration Statement (as defined in the RRA) is not effective or the prospectus contained therein is not available for use, the Company shall not file a

registration statement or an offering statement under the 1933 Act relating to securities that are not the Registrable Securities (other than such supplements or amendments to registration statements that are outstanding and have been declared effective by the SEC as of the date hereof (solely to the extent necessary to keep such registration statements effective and available and not with respect to any Subsequent Placement) and such other registration statements (and prospectuses relating thereto) that the Company is required to file under the existing agreements which are identified in Schedule 4(j), that the Company entered into prior to the date of this Agreement). “Applicable Date” means the earlier of (x) the first date on which the resale by Buyer of all the Registrable Securities required to be filed on the initial Registration Statement (as defined in the RRA) pursuant to the RRA is declared effective by the SEC (and each prospectus contained therein is available for use on such date) or (y) the first date on which all of the Registrable Securities are eligible to be resold by Buyer pursuant to Rule 144 (or, if a Current Public Information Failure has occurred and is continuing, such later date after which the Company has cured such Current Public Information Failure).

(k)Additional Issuance of Securities. So long as Buyer beneficially owns any Securities, the Company will not, without the prior written consent of Buyer, issue any Debenture (other than to Buyer as contemplated hereby) and the Company shall not issue any other securities that would cause a breach or default under the Debenture. The Company agrees that for the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the date immediately following the 30th Trading Day after the Applicable Date (provided that such period shall be extended by the number of calendar days during such period and any extension thereof contemplated by this proviso on which any Registration Statement is not effective or any prospectus contained therein is not available for use or any Current Public Information Failure exists) (the “Restricted Period”), neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall directly or indirectly issue, offer, sell, grant any option or right to purchase, or otherwise dispose of (or announce any issuance, offer, sale, grant of any option or right to purchase or other disposition of) any equity security or any equity-linked or related security (including, without limitation, any “equity security” (as that term is defined under Rule 405 promulgated under the 1933 Act), any Convertible Securities, any debt, any preferred shares or other special shares or any purchase rights) (any such issuance, offer, sale, grant, disposition or announcement (whether occurring during the Restricted Period or at any time thereafter) is referred to as a “Subsequent Placement”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 4(k) shall not apply in respect of the issuance of (i) Common Shares or standard options to purchase Common Shares to directors, officers, employees or other service providers of the Company in their capacity as such pursuant to an Approved Share Plan (as defined below), provided that (1) all such issuances (taking into account the Common Shares issuable upon exercise of such options) after the date hereof pursuant to this clause (i) do not, in the aggregate, exceed more than 5% of the Common Shares issued and outstanding immediately prior to the date hereof and (2) the exercise price of any such options is not lowered, none of such options are amended to increase the number of shares issuable thereunder and none of the terms or conditions of any such options are otherwise materially changed in any manner that adversely affects Buyer; (ii) Common Shares issued upon the conversion or exercise of Convertible Securities (other than standard options to purchase Common Shares issued pursuant to an Approved Share Plan that are covered by clause (i) above) issued prior to or after the date hereof, provided that the conversion, exercise or other method of issuance (as the case may be) of any such Convertible Security is made solely pursuant to the conversion, exercise or other method of issuance (as the case may be) provisions of such Convertible Security that were in effect on the date immediately prior to the date of this Agreement, the conversion, exercise or issuance price of any such Convertible Securities (other than standard options to purchase Common Shares issued pursuant to an Approved Share Plan that are covered by clause (i) above) is not lowered, none of such Convertible Securities (other than standard options to purchase Common Shares issued pursuant to an Approved Share Plan that are covered by clause (i) above) are amended to increase the number of shares issuable thereunder and none of the terms or conditions of any such Convertible Securities (other than standard options to purchase Common

Shares issued pursuant to an Approved Share Plan that are covered by clause (i) above) are otherwise materially changed in any manner that adversely affects Buyer; (iii) the Conversion Shares, (iv) any Common Shares issued and sold by the Company to Buyer not pursuant to the Transaction Documents, (v) any Common Shares or Convertible Securities issued by reason of a dividend, stock split, split-up or other distribution on Common Shares, and (vi) any Common Shares issuable in connection with acquisitions, strategic partnerships and other such transactions not for purposes of raising capital (each of the foregoing in clauses (i) through (vi), collectively the “Excluded Securities”). “Approved Share Plan” means any employee benefit or equity incentive plan which has been approved by the board of directors of the Company prior to or subsequent to the date hereof pursuant to which Common Shares and standard options to purchase Common Shares may be issued to any employee, officer, or director for services provided to the Company in their capacity as such. “Convertible Securities” means any share capital or other security of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that is at any time and under any circumstances directly or indirectly convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or which otherwise entitles the holder thereof to acquire, any share capital or other security of the Company (including, without limitation, Common Shares) or any of its Subsidiaries.

(l)Reservation of Shares. So long as any of the Debenture remain outstanding, the Company shall take all action necessary to at all times have authorized, and reserved for the purpose of issuance, no less than 150% of the maximum number of Common Shares issuable upon conversion of all the Debenture then outstanding (assuming for purposes hereof that (x) the Debenture are convertible at the Standard Conversion Price, and (y) any such conversion shall not take into account any limitations on the conversion of the Debenture set forth in the Debenture) (collectively, the “Required Reserve Amount”); provided that at no time shall the number of Common Shares reserved pursuant to this Section 4(l) be reduced other than proportionally in connection with any conversion and/or redemption, as applicable, of Debenture or any reverse stock split. If at any time the number of Common Shares authorized and reserved for issuance is not sufficient to meet the Required Reserve Amount, the Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to, as promptly as reasonably practicable, take all corporate action necessary to authorize and reserve a sufficient number of shares, including, without limitation, calling a special meeting of stockholders to authorize additional shares to meet the Company’s obligations pursuant to the Transaction Documents or to approve a reserve stock split, in the case of an insufficient number of authorized shares, obtain stockholder approval of an increase in such authorized number of shares or a reverse stock split, and causing its directors and executive officers to vote their respective shares of the Company in favor of an increase in the authorized shares of the Company or a reverse stock split to ensure that the number of authorized shares is sufficient to meet the Required Reserve Amount.

(m)Conduct of Business. The business of the Company and its Subsidiaries shall not be conducted in violation of any law, ordinance, or regulation of any Governmental Entity, except where such violations would not reasonably be expected to result, either individually or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect.

(n)Other Debenture; Variable Securities. So long as the Debenture remain outstanding, the Company and each Subsidiary shall be prohibited from effecting or entering into an agreement to affect any Subsequent Placement involving a Variable Rate Transaction, except with respect to any such transaction with Buyer. “Variable Rate Transaction” means a transaction in which the Company or any Subsidiary (i) issues or sells any Convertible Securities either (A) at a conversion, exercise or exchange rate or other price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for the Common Shares at any time after the initial issuance of such Convertible Securities, or (B) with a conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such Convertible Securities or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly related to the business of the Company or the market for the Common Shares, other than pursuant to a

customary “weighted average” anti-dilution provision or (ii) enters into any agreement (including, without limitation, an equity line of credit or an “at-the-market” offering) whereby the Company or any Subsidiary may sell securities at a future determined price (other than standard and customary “preemptive” or “participation” rights). Buyer shall be entitled to obtain injunctive relief against the Company and its Subsidiaries to preclude any such issuance, which remedy shall be in addition to any right to collect damages.

(o)Passive Foreign Investment Company. The Company shall conduct its business, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to conduct their respective businesses, in such a manner as will ensure that the Company will not be deemed to constitute a passive foreign investment company within the meaning of Section 1297 of the Code.

(p)Corporate Existence. So long as Buyer beneficially owns the Debenture, the Company shall not be party to any Fundamental Transaction (as defined in the Debenture) unless the Company is in compliance with the applicable provisions governing Fundamental Transactions set forth in the Debenture.

(q)Regulation M. The Company will not take any action prohibited by Regulation M under the 1934 Act, in connection with the distribution of the Securities contemplated hereby.

(r)General Solicitation. None of the Company, any of its affiliates (as defined in Rule 501(b) under the 1933 Act) or any Person acting on behalf of the Company or such affiliate will solicit any offer to buy or offer or sell the Securities by means of any form of general solicitation or general advertising within the meaning of Regulation D, including: (i) any advertisement, article, notice or other communication published in any newspaper, magazine or similar medium or broadcast over television or radio; and (ii) any seminar or meeting whose attendees have been invited by any general solicitation or general advertising.

(s)Integration. None of the Company, any of its affiliates (as defined in Rule 501(b) under the 1933 Act), or any Person acting on behalf of the Company or such affiliate has or will sell, offer for sale, or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in the 1933 Act) which will be integrated with the sale of the Securities in a manner which would require the registration of the Securities under the 1933 Act or require stockholder approval under the rules and regulations of the Principal Market and the Company will take all action that is appropriate or necessary to assure that its offerings of other securities will not be integrated for purposes of the 1933 Act or the rules and regulations of the Principal Market, with the issuance of Securities contemplated hereby.

(t)Notice of Disqualification Events. The Company will notify Buyer in writing, prior to the Closing of (i) any Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person and (ii) any event that would, with the passage of time, become a Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person.

(u)Closing Documents. On or prior to fourteen (14) calendar days after the the Closing, the Company agrees to deliver, or cause to be delivered, to Buyer and K&L Gates LLP a complete closing set of the Transaction Documents executed at the Closing, the Securities issued at the Closing and any other document required to be delivered to any party pursuant to Section 7 hereof or otherwise.

(v)Prohibition of Short Sales and Hedging Transactions. Buyer agrees that while the Debenture remains outstanding, Buyer and its agents, representatives and affiliates shall not in any manner whatsoever enter into or effect, directly or indirectly, any (i) “short sale” (as such term is defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO of the Exchange Act) of the Common Shares or

(ii) hedging transaction, which establishes a net short position with respect to the Common Shares.

(a)Register. The Company shall maintain at its principal executive offices (or such other office or agency of the Company as it may designate by notice to each holder of the Debenture), a register for the Debenture in which the Company shall record the name and address of the Person in whose name the Debenture have been issued (including the name and address of each transferee), the principal amount of the Debenture held by such Person, and the number of Conversion Shares issuable pursuant to the terms of the Debenture held by such Person. The Company shall keep the register open and available at all times during business hours for inspection of holders of the Debenture or their legal representatives.

(b)Transfer Agent Instructions. The Company shall issue irrevocable instructions to its transfer agent and any subsequent transfer agent (as applicable, the “Transfer Agent”) in a form acceptable to Buyer (the “Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions”) to issue certificates or credit shares to the applicable balance accounts at The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), registered in the name of Buyer or its nominee(s), for the Conversion Shares in such amounts as specified from time to time by Buyer to the Company upon automatic conversion of the Debenture. The Company represents and warrants that no instruction other than the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions referred to in this Section 5(b), and stop transfer instructions to give effect to Section 2(g) hereof, will be given by the Company to its transfer agent with respect to the Securities, and that the Securities shall otherwise be freely transferable on the books and records of the Company, as applicable, to the extent provided in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents. If Buyer effects a sale, assignment or transfer of the Securities in accordance with Section 2(g), the Company shall permit the transfer and shall promptly instruct its transfer agent to issue one or more certificates or credit shares to the applicable balance accounts at DTC in such name and in such denominations as specified by Buyer to effect such sale, transfer or assignment. In the event that such sale, assignment, or transfer involves Conversion Shares sold, assigned, or transferred pursuant to an effective registration statement or in compliance with Rule 144, the transfer agent shall issue such shares to Buyer, assignee or transferee (as the case may be) without any restrictive legend in accordance with Section 5(d) below. The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to Buyer. Accordingly, the Company acknowledges that the remedy at law for a breach of its obligations under this Section 5(b) will be inadequate and agrees, in the event of a breach or threatened breach by the Company of the provisions of this Section 5(b), that Buyer shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an order and/or injunction restraining any breach and requiring immediate issuance and transfer, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required. The Company shall cause its counsel to issue the legal opinion referred to in the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions to the Company’s transfer agent on each Effective Date (as defined in the RRA). Any fees (with respect to the transfer agent, counsel to the Company or otherwise) associated with the issuance of such opinion or the removal of any legends on any of the Securities shall be borne by the Company.

(c)Legends. Buyer understands that the Securities have been issued (or will be issued in the case of the Conversion Shares) pursuant to an exemption from registration or qualification under the 1933 Act and applicable state securities laws, and except as set forth below, the Securities shall bear any legend as required by the “blue sky” laws of any state and a restrictive legend in substantially the following form (and a stop-transfer order may be placed against transfer of such share certificates):

[NEITHER THE ISSUANCE AND SALE OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THESE SECURITIES ARE CONVERTIBLE HAVE BEEN] [THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN] REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, SOLD, TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED (I) IN THE ABSENCE OF (A) AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR THE SECURITIES UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR (B) AN OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE HOLDER (IF REQUESTED BY THE COMPANY), IN A FORM REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY, THAT REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED UNDER SAID ACT OR (II) UNLESS SOLD OR ELIGIBLE TO BE SOLD PURSUANT TO RULE 144 OR RULE 144A UNDER SAID ACT. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, THE SECURITIES MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN OR FINANCING ARRANGEMENT SECURED BY THE SECURITIES.

(d)Removal of Legends. Certificates evidencing Securities shall not be required to contain the legend set forth in Section 5(c) above or any other legend (i) while a registration statement (including a Registration Statement) covering the resale of such Securities is effective under the 1933 Act, (ii) following any sale of such Securities pursuant to Rule 144 (assuming the transferor is not an affiliate of the Company), (iii) if such Securities are eligible to be sold, assigned or transferred under Rule 144 (provided that Buyer provides the Company with reasonable assurances that such Securities are eligible for sale, assignment or transfer under Rule 144 which shall not be required to include an opinion of Buyer’s counsel), (iv) in connection with a sale, assignment or other transfer (other than under Rule 144), provided that Buyer provides the Company with an opinion of counsel to Buyer, in a generally acceptable form, to the effect that such sale, assignment or transfer of the Securities may be made without registration under the applicable requirements of the 1933 Act or (v) if such legend is not required under applicable requirements of the 1933 Act (including, without limitation, controlling judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the SEC). If a legend is not required pursuant to the foregoing, the Company shall no later than two (2) Trading Days (or such earlier date as required pursuant to the 1934 Act or other applicable law, rule or regulation for the settlement of a trade initiated on the date Buyer delivers such legended certificate representing such Securities to the Company) following the delivery by Buyer to the Company or the transfer agent (with notice to the Company) of a legended certificate representing such Securities (endorsed or with share powers attached, signatures guaranteed, and otherwise in form necessary to effect the reissuance and/or transfer, if applicable), together with any other deliveries from Buyer as may be required above in this Section 5(d), as directed by Buyer, either: (A) provided that the Company’s transfer agent is participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program and such Securities are Conversion Shares, credit the aggregate number of Common Shares to which Buyer shall be entitled to Buyer’s or its designee’s balance account with DTC through its Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian system or (B) if the Company’s transfer agent is not participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, issue and deliver (via reputable overnight courier) to Buyer, a certificate representing such Securities that is free from all restrictive and other legends, registered in the name of Buyer or its designee (the date by which such credit is so required to be made to the balance account of Buyer’s or Buyer’s designee with DTC or such certificate is required to be delivered to Buyer pursuant to the foregoing is referred to herein as the “Required Delivery Date”, and the date such Common Shares are actually delivered without restrictive legend to Buyer or Buyer’s designee with DTC, as applicable, the “Share Delivery Date”). The Company shall be responsible for any transfer

agent fees or DTC fees with respect to any issuance of Securities or the removal of any legends with respect to any Securities in accordance herewith.

(e)Failure to Timely Deliver; Buy-In. If the Company fails, for any reason or for no reason, to issue and deliver (or cause to be delivered) to Buyer (or its designee) such Securities that are not required to be legended pursuant to Section 5(d) above by the Required Delivery Date, either (I) if the Transfer Agent is not participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, a certificate for the number of Conversion Shares to which Buyer is entitled and register such Conversion Shares on the Company’s share register or, if the Transfer Agent is participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, to credit the balance account of Buyer or Buyer’s designee with DTC for such number of Conversion Shares submitted for legend removal by Buyer pursuant to Section 5(d) above or (II) if the Registration Statement covering the resale of the Conversion Shares submitted for legend removal by Buyer pursuant to Section 5(d) above (the “Unavailable Shares”) is not available for the resale of such Unavailable Shares and the Company fails to promptly, but in no event later than as required pursuant to the RRA (x) so notify Buyer and (y) deliver the Conversion Shares electronically without any restrictive legend by crediting such aggregate number of Conversion Shares submitted for legend removal by Buyer pursuant to Section 5(d) above to Buyer’s or its designee’s balance account with DTC through its Deposit/Withdrawal At Custodian system (the event described in the immediately foregoing clause (II) is hereinafter referred as a “Notice Failure” and together with the event described in clause (I) above, a “Delivery Failure”), then, in addition to all other remedies available to Buyer, the Company shall pay in cash to Buyer on each day after the Share Delivery Date and during such Delivery Failure an amount equal to 2% of the product of (A) the aggregate number of Common Shares not issued to Buyer on or prior to the Required Delivery Date and to which Buyer is entitled, multiplied by (B) the highest trading price of the applicable Conversion Shares for the period between the Required Delivery Date and the Share Delivery Date. In addition to the foregoing, if on or prior to the Required Delivery Date either (I) if the Transfer Agent is not participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, the Company shall fail to issue and deliver a certificate to Buyer and register such Common Shares on the Company’s share register or, if the Transfer Agent is participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, credit the balance account of Buyer or Buyer’s designee with DTC for the number of Common Shares to which Buyer submitted for legend removal by Buyer pursuant to Section 5(d) above or clause (ii) below or (II) a Notice Failure occurs, and if on or after such Trading Day Buyer purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) Common Shares to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by Buyer of Common Shares submitted for legend removal by Buyer pursuant to Section 5(d) above that Buyer is entitled to receive from the Company (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall, within two (2) Business Days after Buyer’s request and in Buyer’s discretion, either (i) pay cash to Buyer in an amount equal to Buyer’s total purchase price (including reasonable brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any, for the Common Shares so purchased) (the “Buy-In Price”), at which point the Company’s obligation to so deliver such certificate or credit Buyer’s balance account shall terminate and such shares shall be cancelled, or (ii) promptly honor its obligation to so deliver to Buyer a certificate or certificates or credit the balance account of Buyer or Buyer’s designee with DTC representing such number of Common Shares that would have been so delivered if the Company timely complied with its obligations hereunder and pay cash to Buyer in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Buy-In Price over the product of (A) such number of shares of Conversion Shares that the Company was required to deliver to Buyer by the Required Delivery Date multiplied by (B) the price at which Buyer sold such Conversion Shares in anticipation of the Company’s timely compliance with its delivery obligations hereunder. Nothing shall limit Buyer’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity, including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver certificates representing Common Shares (or to electronically deliver such Common Shares) as required pursuant to the terms hereof. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, with respect to

any given Notice Failure and/or Delivery Failure, this Section 5(e) shall not apply to Buyer the extent the Company has already paid such amounts in full to Buyer with respect to such Notice Failure and/or Delivery Failure, as applicable, pursuant to the analogous sections of the Debenture held by Buyer.

(f)FAST Compliance. While the Debenture remains outstanding, the Company is eligible to participate in, and shall remain eligible to participate in, the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program. Upon any resignation or replacement of Computershare as the Company’s transfer agent, the Company agrees to provide to any successor transfer agent new irrevocable transfer agent instructions in a form mutually agreed to by the Company and Buyer.

(a)The obligation of the Company hereunder to issue and sell the Debenture to Buyer on the Closing Date is subject to the satisfaction, at or before the Closing, of each of the following conditions, provided that these conditions are for the Company’s sole benefit and may be waived by the Company at any time in its sole discretion by providing Buyer with prior written notice thereof:

(i)Buyer shall have executed each of the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and delivered the same to the Company.

(ii)Buyer shall have delivered to the Company the Purchase Price (less the amounts withheld pursuant to Section 4(g)) for the Debenture being purchased by Buyer on the Closing Date by wire transfer of immediately available funds in accordance with the applicable Flow of Funds Letter.

(iii)The representations and warranties of Buyer shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the date when made and as of the Closing as though originally made at that time (except for representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which shall be true and correct as of such specific date), and Buyer shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with the covenants, agreements and conditions required by this Agreement to be performed, satisfied or complied with by Buyer at or prior to the Closing.

(iv)The Company shall have obtained the waiver and consent of Mudrick Capital Management, LP to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

(a)The obligation of Buyer hereunder to purchase its Debenture at the Closing is subject to the satisfaction, at or before the date of the Closing, of each of the following conditions, provided that these conditions are for Buyer’s sole benefit and may be waived by Buyer at any time in its sole discretion by providing the Company with prior written notice thereof:

(i)The Company shall have duly executed and delivered to Buyer each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the Company shall have duly executed and delivered to Buyer the Debenture in the original principal amount of $2,778,000 purchased by Buyer at the Closing, pursuant to this Agreement.

(ii)Buyer shall have received the opinion of Olshan Frome Wolosky LLP, the Company’s special securities counsel, dated as of the date of the Closing, in a form reasonably acceptable to Buyer.

(iii)[Reserved].

(iv)The Company shall have delivered to Buyer a certificate of good standing evidencing the formation and good standing of the Company issued by the Secretary of State of Delaware as of a date within ten (10) days of the date of the Closing.

(v)The Company shall have delivered to Buyer a certificate evidencing the Company’s qualification as a foreign corporation and good standing issued by the Secretary of State (or comparable office) of each jurisdiction in which the Company and conducts business in the United States, if any, and is required to so qualify, as of a date within ten (10) days of the Closing.

(vi)The Company shall have delivered to Buyer a certified copy of the Certificate of Incorporation as certified by the Secretary of State of Delaware within ten (10) days of the Closing.

(vii)The Company shall have delivered to Buyer a certificate, in a form acceptable to Buyer, executed by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company and dated as of the Closing, as to (i) the Signing Resolutions consistent with Section 3(b) as adopted by the Company’s board of directors in a form reasonably acceptable to Buyer, (ii) the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company and (iii) the Bylaws of the Company, each as in effect at the Closing.

(viii)Each and every representation and warranty of the Company shall be true and correct as of the date when made and as of the date of the Closing as though originally made at that time (except for representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which shall be true and correct as of such specific date) and the Company shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all respects with the covenants, agreements and conditions required to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Company at or prior to the date of the Closing. Buyer shall have received a certificate, duly executed by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, dated as of the date of the Closing, to the foregoing effect and as to such other matters as may be reasonably requested by Buyer in a form acceptable to Buyer.

(ix)The Company shall have delivered to Buyer a letter from the Company’s transfer agent certifying the number of Common Shares outstanding on the date immediately prior to the Closing.

(x)The Common Shares (A) shall be designated for quotation or listed (as applicable) on the Principal Market and (B) shall not have been suspended, as of the date of the Closing, by the SEC or the Principal Market from trading on the Principal Market.

(xi)The Company shall have obtained all governmental, regulatory or third party consents and approvals, if any, necessary for the sale of the Securities, including without limitation, those required by the Principal Market, if any.

(xii)No statute, rule, regulation, executive order, decree, ruling, or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated, or endorsed by any court or Governmental Entity of competent jurisdiction that prohibits the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.

(xiii)Since the date of execution of this Agreement, no event or series of events shall have occurred that reasonably would have or result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(xiv)The Company shall have obtained, if required, approval of the Principal Market to list or designate for quotation (as the case may be) the Conversion Shares.

(xv)Buyer shall have received a letter on the letterhead of the Company, duly executed by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, setting forth the wire amounts of Buyer and the wire transfer instructions of the Company for the Closing (each, a “Flow of Funds Letter”).

(xvi)The Company shall have delivered to Buyer a certificate, duly executed by the auditor of the Company, in a form reasonably acceptable to Buyer, certifying that such auditor is registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board.

(xvii)The Company and its Subsidiaries shall have delivered to Buyer such other documents, instruments or certificates relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement as Buyer or its counsel may reasonably request.

Following the Closing and in all events before any Common Shares are required to be delivered by the Company under this Agreement, the Company and Buyer shall use commercially reasonable efforts to agree on the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions, with the Company’s transfer agent.

(a)Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Jury Trial. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Agreement shall be governed by the internal laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of Delaware or any other jurisdictions) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than the State of Delaware. The Company hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in Delaware, for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or under any of the other Transaction Documents or with any transaction contemplated hereby or thereby, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof to such party at the address for such notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed or operate to preclude Buyer from bringing suit or taking other legal action against the Company in any other jurisdiction to collect on the Company’s obligations to Buyer or to enforce a judgment or other court ruling in favor of Buyer. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO, AND AGREES NOT TO REQUEST, A JURY TRIAL FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR UNDER ANY OTHER TRANSACTION DOCUMENT OR IN CONNECTION WITH OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT, ANY OTHER TRANSACTION DOCUMENT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY.

(b)Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more identical counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party. In

the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by an e-mail which contains a portable document format (.pdf) file of an executed signature page, such signature page shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such signature page were an original thereof.

(c)Headings; Gender. The headings of this Agreement are for convenience of reference and shall not form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this Agreement. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, each pronoun herein shall be deemed to include the masculine, feminine, neuter, singular, and plural forms thereof. The terms “including,” “includes,” “include” and words of like import shall be construed broadly as if followed by the words “without limitation.” The terms “herein,” “hereunder,” “hereof” and words of like import refer to this entire Agreement instead of just the provision in which they are found.

(d)Severability; Maximum Payment Amounts. If any provision of this Agreement is prohibited by law or otherwise determined to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the provision that would otherwise be prohibited, invalid or unenforceable shall be deemed amended to apply to the broadest extent that it would be valid and enforceable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of such provision shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of this Agreement so long as this Agreement as so modified continues to express, without material change, the original intentions of the parties as to the subject matter hereof and the prohibited nature, invalidity or unenforceability of the provision(s) in question does not substantially impair the respective expectations or reciprocal obligations of the parties or the practical realization of the benefits that would otherwise be conferred upon the parties. The parties will endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s) with a valid provision(s), the effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document (and without implication that the following is required or applicable), it is the intention of the parties that in no event shall amounts and value paid by the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries (as the case may be), or payable to or received by Buyer, under the Transaction Documents (including without limitation, any amounts that would be characterized as “interest” under applicable law) exceed amounts permitted under any applicable law. Accordingly, if any obligation to pay, payment made to Buyer, or collection by any Buyer pursuant the Transaction Documents is finally judicially determined to be contrary to any such applicable law, such obligation to pay, payment or collection shall be deemed to have been made by mutual mistake of Buyer, the Company and its Subsidiaries and such amount shall be deemed to have been adjusted with retroactive effect to the maximum amount or rate of interest, as the case may be, as would not be so prohibited by the applicable law. Such adjustment shall be effected, to the extent necessary, by reducing or refunding, at the option of Buyer, the amount of interest or any other amounts that would constitute unlawful amounts required to be paid or actually paid to Buyer under the Transaction Documents. For greater certainty, to the extent that any interest, charges, fees, expenses or other amounts required to be paid to or received by Buyer under any of the Transaction Documents or related thereto are held to be within the meaning of “interest” or another applicable term to otherwise be violative of applicable law, such amounts shall be pro-rated over the period of time to which they relate.

(e)Entire Agreement; Amendments. This Agreement, the other Transaction Documents and the schedules and exhibits attached hereto and thereto and the instruments referenced herein and therein supersede all other prior oral or written agreements between Buyer, the Company, the Subsidiaries, their affiliates and Persons acting on their behalf, including, without limitation, any transactions by Buyer with respect to Common Shares or the Securities, and the other matters contained herein and therein, and this Agreement, the other Transaction Documents, the schedules and exhibits attached hereto and thereto and the instruments referenced herein and therein contain the entire understanding of the parties solely with respect

to the matters covered herein and therein; provided, however, nothing contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document shall (or shall be deemed to) (i) have any effect on any agreements Buyer has entered into with, or any instruments Buyer has received from, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries prior to the date hereof with respect to any prior investment made by Buyer in the Company or (ii) waive, alter, modify or amend in any respect any obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any rights of or benefits to Buyer or any other Person, in any agreement entered into prior to the date hereof between or among the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries and Buyer, or any instruments Buyer received from the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries prior to the date hereof, and all such agreements and instruments shall continue in full force and effect. Except as specifically set forth herein or therein, neither the Company nor Buyer makes any representation, warranty, covenant, or undertaking with respect to such matters. For clarification purposes, the Recitals are part of this Agreement. No provision of this Agreement may be amended other than by an instrument in writing signed by the Company and Buyer, and any amendment to any provision of this Agreement made in conformity with the provisions of this Section 9(e) shall be binding on Buyer and all holders of Securities, as applicable; provided that no such amendment shall be effective to the extent that it (A) applies to less than all of the holders of the Securities then outstanding or (B) imposes any obligation or liability on Buyer without Buyer’s prior written consent (which may be granted or withheld in Buyer’s sole discretion). No waiver shall be effective unless it is in writing and signed by an authorized representative of the waiving party. The Company has not, directly or indirectly, made any agreements with Buyer relating to the terms or conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents except as set forth in the Transaction Documents. Without limiting the foregoing, the Company confirms that, except as set forth in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, Buyer has not made any commitment or promise, and Buyer does not have any other obligation, to provide any financing to the Company, any Subsidiary or otherwise. As a material inducement for Buyer to enter into this Agreement, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (x) no due diligence or other investigation or inquiry conducted by Buyer, any of its advisors or any of its representatives shall affect Buyer’s right to rely on, or shall modify or qualify in any manner or be an exception to any of, the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document and (y) unless a provision of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document is expressly preceded by the phrase “except as disclosed in the SEC Documents,” nothing contained in any of the SEC Documents shall affect Buyer’s right to rely on, or shall modify or qualify in any manner or be an exception to any of, the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document.

(f)Notices. Any notices, consents, waivers or other communications required or permitted to be given under the terms of this Agreement must be in writing and will be deemed to have been delivered: (i) upon receipt, when delivered personally; (ii) upon receipt, when sent by electronic mail (provided that such sent email is kept on file (whether electronically or otherwise) by the sending party and the sending party does not receive an automatically generated message from the recipient’s email server that such e-mail could not be delivered to such recipient); or (iii) one (1) Business Day after deposit with an overnight courier service with next day delivery specified, in each case, properly addressed to the party to receive the same. The addresses, e-mail addresses for such communications shall be:

If to the Company:

 

Remark Holdings, Inc.

800 S. Commerce St.

Las Vegas, NV 89106

Telephone: (702) 701-9514

Attention: Kai-Shing Tao

Email: stao@remarkholdings.com

 

With a copy (for informational purposes only) to:

 

Attention: Robert H. Friedman, Esq.

Email: rfriedman@olshanlaw.com

 

If to the Transfer Agent:

 

Computershare LLC

150 Royall Street

Canton, MA 02021

Attention: Consuelo Galicia

Email: consuelo.galicia@computershare.com

or to such other address, and/or e-mail address and/or to the attention of such other Person as the recipient party has specified by written notice given to each other party five (5) days prior to the effectiveness of such change. Written confirmation of receipt (A) given by the recipient of such notice, consent, waiver or other communication, (B) mechanically or electronically generated by the sender’s e-mail containing the time and date, or (C) provided by an overnight courier service shall be rebuttable evidence of personal service or receipt from an overnight courier service in accordance with clause (i), (ii) or (iii) above, respectively.

(g)Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and assigns, including any purchasers of any of the Debenture. The Company shall not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of Buyer. Buyer may assign some or all of its rights hereunder in connection with any transfer of any of its Securities made in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents without the consent of the Company, in which event such assignee shall be deemed to be a purchaser hereunder with respect to such assigned rights.

(h)No Third Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, other than the Indemnitees referred to in Section 9(k).

(i)Survival. The representations, warranties, agreements, and covenants shall survive the Closing.

(j)Further Assurances. Each party shall do and perform, or cause to be done and performed, all such further acts and things, and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments and documents, as may be reasonably necessary in order to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.

(k)Indemnification. In consideration of Buyer’s execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and acquiring the Securities thereunder and in addition to all of the Company’s other obligations under the Transaction Documents, the Company shall defend, protect, indemnify and hold harmless Buyer and each holder of any Securities and all of their (including Buyer’s) respective shareholders, partners, managers, members, officers, directors, employees and direct or indirect investors and any of the foregoing Persons’ agents or other representatives (including, without limitation, those retained in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement) (collectively, the “Indemnitees”) from and against any and all actions, causes of action, suits, claims, losses, costs, penalties, fees, liabilities and damages, and expenses in connection therewith (irrespective of whether any such Indemnitee is a party to the action for which indemnification hereunder is sought), and including reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements (the “Indemnified Liabilities"), incurred by any Indemnitee as a result of, or arising out of, or relating to (i) any misrepresentation or breach of any representation or warranty made by the Company or any Subsidiary in any of the Transaction Documents, (ii) any breach of any covenant, agreement or obligation of the Company or any Subsidiary contained in any of the Transaction Documents or (iii) any cause of action, suit, proceeding or claim brought or made against such Indemnitee by a third party (including for these purposes a derivative action brought on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary) or which otherwise involves such Indemnitee that arises out of or results from (A) the execution, delivery, performance or enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents, (B) any disclosure properly made by Buyer pursuant to Section 4(i), or (C) the status of Buyer or holder of the Securities either as an investor in the Company pursuant to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents or as a party to this Agreement (including, without limitation, as a party in interest or otherwise in any action or proceeding for injunctive or other equitable relief). To the extent that the foregoing undertaking by the Company may be unenforceable for any reason, the Company shall make the maximum contribution to the payment and satisfaction of each of the Indemnified Liabilities, which is permissible under applicable law. Except as otherwise set forth herein, the mechanics and procedures with respect to the rights and obligations under this Section 9(k) shall be the same as those set forth in Section 6 of the RRA.

(l)Construction. The language used in this Agreement will be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party. No specific representation or warranty shall limit the generality or applicability of a more general representation or warranty. Each and every reference to share prices, Common Shares and any other numbers in this Agreement that relate to the Common Shares shall be automatically adjusted for any share splits, share dividends, share combinations, recapitalizations or other similar transactions that occur with respect to the Common Shares after the date of this Agreement. It is expressly understood and agreed that for all purposes of this Agreement, and without implication that the contrary would otherwise be true, neither transactions nor purchases nor sales shall include the location and/or reservation of borrowable Common Shares.

(m)Remedies. Buyer and in the event of assignment by Buyer of its rights and obligations hereunder, each holder of Securities, shall have all rights and remedies set forth in the Transaction Documents and all rights and remedies which such holders have been granted at any time under any other agreement or contract and all of the rights which such holders have under any law. Any Person having any rights under any provision of this Agreement shall be entitled to enforce such rights specifically (without posting a bond or other security), to recover damages by

reason of any breach of any provision of this Agreement and to exercise all other rights granted by law. Furthermore, the Company recognizes that in the event that it or any Subsidiary fails to perform, observe, or discharge any or all of its or such Subsidiary’s (as the case may be) obligations under the Transaction Documents, any remedy at law would inadequate relief to Buyer. The Company therefore agrees that Buyer shall be entitled to specific performance and/or temporary, preliminary and permanent injunctive or other equitable relief from any court of competent jurisdiction in any such case without the necessity of proving actual damages and without posting a bond or other security. The remedies provided in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available under this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, at law or in equity (including a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief).

(n)Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) the Transaction Documents, whenever Buyer exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and the Company or any Subsidiary does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then Buyer may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company or such Subsidiary (as the case may be), any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights.

(o)Payment Set Aside; Currency. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to Buyer hereunder or pursuant to any of the other Transaction Documents or Buyer enforces or exercises its rights hereunder or thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, foreign, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred. Unless otherwise expressly indicated, all dollar amounts referred to in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents are in United States Dollars (“U.S. Dollars”), and all amounts owing under this Agreement and all other Transaction Documents shall be paid in U.S. Dollars. All amounts denominated in other currencies (if any) shall be converted into the U.S. Dollar equivalent amount in accordance with the Exchange Rate on the date of calculation. “Exchange Rate” means, in relation to any amount of currency to be converted into U.S. Dollars pursuant to this Agreement, the U.S. Dollar exchange rate as published in the Wall Street Journal on the relevant date of calculation.

(p)Judgment Currency.

(i)If for the purpose of obtaining or enforcing judgment against the Company in connection with this Agreement or any other Transaction Document in any court in any jurisdiction it becomes necessary to convert into any other currency (such other currency being hereinafter in this Section 9(p) referred to as the “Judgment Currency”) an amount due in U.S. Dollars under this Agreement, the conversion shall be made at the Exchange Rate prevailing on the Trading Day immediately preceding:

(1)the date actual payment of the amount due, in the case of any proceeding in the courts of New York or in the courts of any other jurisdiction that will give effect to such conversion being made on such date: or

(2)the date on which the foreign court determines, in the case of any proceeding in the courts of any other jurisdiction (the date as of which such

conversion is made pursuant to this Section 9(p)(i)(2) being hereinafter referred to as the “Judgment Conversion Date”).

(ii)If in the case of any proceeding in the court of any jurisdiction referred to in Section 9(p)(i)(2) above, there is a change in the Exchange Rate prevailing between the Judgment Conversion Date and the date of actual payment of the amount due, the applicable party shall pay such adjusted amount as may be necessary to ensure that the amount paid in the Judgment Currency, when converted at the Exchange Rate prevailing on the date of payment, will produce the amount of U.S. Dollars which could have been purchased with the amount of Judgment Currency stipulated in the judgment or judicial order at the Exchange Rate prevailing on the Judgment Conversion Date.

(iii)Any amount due from the Company under this provision shall be due as a separate debt and shall not be affected by judgment being obtained for any other amounts due under or in respect of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Buyer and the Company have caused their respective signature page to this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first written above.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Buyer and the Company have caused their respective signature page to this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first written above.