Description of Securities

EX-4.3 2 px-ex4_3.htm EX-4.3 EX-4.3


EXHIBIT 4.3

DESCRIPTION OF REGISTRANTS SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

The following is a description of our capital stock. The following summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws, each of which have been filed as exhibits toour Annual Report on Form 10-K, and by applicable law.

Our authorized capital stock consists of 510,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, 180,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.001 per share and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. Unless our board of directors determines otherwise, we issue all shares of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock in uncertificated form.

Common Stock

Class A common stock

Holders of our Class A common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders.

Stockholders do not have the ability to cumulate votes for the election of directors. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides for a classified board of directors consisting of three classes of approximately equal size, each serving staggered three-year terms. Only one class of directors will be elected at each annual meeting of our stockholders, with the other classes continuing for the remainder of their respective three-year terms.

Holders of our Class A common stock are entitled to receive dividends when and if declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available therefor, subject to any statutory or contractual restrictions on the payment of dividends and to any restrictions on the payment of dividends imposed by the terms of any outstanding preferred stock. Dividends on the Class A common stock and Class B common stock are equivalent.

Shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock receive equivalent economic treatment in any stock reclassification, stock splits or other similar transaction, as well as in any acquisition or merger of the Company.

Upon our dissolution or liquidation or the sale of all or substantially all of our assets, after payment in full of all amounts required to be paid to creditors and to the holders of preferred stock having liquidation preferences, if any, the holders of our Class A and Class B common stock will be entitled to receive pro rata our remaining assets available for distribution, unless otherwise approved by separate votes of the Class A and Class B common stock.

Holders of our Class A common stock do not have preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights.

Class B common stock

Holders of our Class B common stock are entitled to ten votes for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders prior to a Sunset. See “Organizational Structure—Voting Rights of Class A and Class B Common Stock.” A “Sunset” is triggered by the earlier of the following: (a) the Sunset Holders (as defined in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation) cease to maintain direct or indirect beneficial ownership of 10% of the outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock (determined assuming all outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock have been converted into Class A Common Stock); (b) the Sunset Holders collectively cease to maintain direct or indirect beneficial ownership of at least 25% of the aggregate voting power of the outstanding shares of Common Stock; and (c) October 20, 2031.

After a Sunset becomes effective, holders of our Class B common stock automatically convert into Class A common stock. In addition, each share of Class B common stock will automatically convert into Class A common stock upon any transfer except to certain permitted transferees.

Holders of the Class B common stock are not entitled to dividends in respect of their shares of Class B common stock.


 

Holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock will vote together as a single class on all matters presented to our stockholders for their vote or approval, except as otherwise required by applicable law.

Upon our dissolution or liquidation or the sale of all or substantially all of our assets, after payment in full of all amounts required to be paid to creditors and to the holders of preferred stock having liquidation preferences, if any, the holders of our Class B common stock will be entitled to receive their share of our remaining assets available for distribution, pro rata with distributions to the Class A common stock. Holders of our Class B common stock do not have preemptive or subscription rights. There will be no further issuances of Class B common stock except in connection with a stock split, stock dividend, reclassification or similar transaction.

Upon any transfer, Class B common stock converts automatically on a one-for-one basis to shares of Class A common stock, except in the case of transfers to certain permitted transferees, which includes any controlled affiliate of such holder, an investment fund managed and controlled by such holder and any estate planning entity. In addition, holders of Class B common stock may elect to convert shares of Class B common stock on a one-for-one basis into Class A common stock at any time.

Preferred Stock

Our board of directors has the authority to issue preferred stock in one or more classes or series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and related restrictions, including dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, the right to elect directors, terms of redemption, redemption prices, liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting any class or series, or the designation of the class or series, without the approval of our stockholders.

The authority of our board of directors to issue preferred stock without approval of our stockholders may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our company and may adversely affect the voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock. The issuance of preferred stock with voting and conversion rights may adversely affect the voting power of the holders of our common stock, including the loss of voting control to others.

Authorized but Unissued Capital Stock

Delaware law does not require stockholder approval for any issuance of authorized shares. However, the listing requirements of the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE"), which would apply so long as our Class A common stock remains listed on the NYSE, require stockholder approval of certain issuances equal to or exceeding 20% of the then outstanding voting power or then outstanding number of shares of Class A common stock. These additional shares may be used for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings, to raise additional capital or to facilitate acquisitions.

One of the effects of the existence of unissued and unreserved common stock or preferred stock may be to enable our board of directors to issue shares to persons friendly to current management, which issuance could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of our company by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise, and thereby protect the continuity of our management and possibly deprive the stockholders of opportunities to sell their shares of common stock at prices higher than prevailing market prices.

Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock Purchase Rights

The Rights. We issued one right per each outstanding share of our common stock. If the rights become exercisable, each right would allow its holder to purchase from us one one-thousandth of a share of our Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock for a purchase price of $20.00.

Each fractional share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock gives its holder approximately the same dividend, voting and liquidation rights as one share of our Class A common stock. Prior to exercise, however, a right does not give its holder any dividend, voting or liquidation rights.


 

Exercisability. The rights are not exercisable until the earlier of:

10 days after a public announcement by the Company that a person or group has become an person or group that acquires beneficial ownership of 4.99% or more of the outstanding Class A common stock without the prior approval of the board of directors (an “acquiring person”); and

10 business days (or a later date determined by our board of directors) after a person or group begins a tender or an exchange offer that, if completed, would result in that person or group becoming an acquiring person.

We refer to the date that the rights become exercisable as the “distribution date.” Until the distribution date, our common stock certificates will also evidence the rights and will contain a notation to that effect. Any transfer of shares of common stock prior to the distribution date will constitute a transfer of the associated rights. After the distribution date, the rights will separate from the common stock and be evidenced by right certificates, which we will mail to all holders of rights that have not become null and void.

After the distribution date, if a person or group already is or becomes an acquiring person, all holders of rights, except the acquiring person, may exercise their rights upon payment of the purchase price to purchase shares of our common stock (or other securities or assets as determined by the board of directors) with a market value of two times the purchase price. We refer to this as a “flip-in event.”

After the distribution date, if a flip-in event has already occurred and the Company is acquired in a merger or similar transaction, all holders of rights, except the acquiring person, may exercise their rights upon payment of the purchase price, to purchase shares of the acquiring or other appropriate entity with a market value of two times the purchase price of the rights. We refer to this as a “flip-over event.”

Rights may be exercised to purchase our preferred shares only after the distribution date occurs and prior to the occurrence of a flip-in event as described above. A distribution date resulting from the commencement of a tender offer or an exchange offer as described in the second bullet point above could precede the occurrence of a flip-in event, in which case the rights could be exercised to purchase our preferred shares. A distribution date resulting from any occurrence described in the first bullet point above would necessarily follow the occurrence of a flip-in event, in which case the rights could be exercised to purchase shares of common stock (or other securities or assets) as described above.

Exempted Persons and Exempted Transactions. Our board of directors recognizes that there may be instances when an acquisition of our common stock that would cause a stockholder to become an acquiring person may not jeopardize the availability of any tax attributes to the Company. Accordingly, the rights agreement grants discretion to the board of directors to designate a person as an “Exempt Person” or to designate a transaction involving our common stock as an “Exempt Transaction.” An “Exempt Person” cannot become an acquiring person under the rights agreement. Our board of directors can revoke an “Exempt Person” designation if it subsequently makes a contrary determination regarding whether a person jeopardizes the availability of tax attributes to the Company.

Expiration. The rights will expire on the earliest of (i) October 25, 2024, which is the third anniversary of the date on which our board of directors authorized and declared a dividend of the rights, or such earlier date as of which our board of directors determines that the rights agreement is no longer necessary for the preservation of our tax assets, (ii) the time at which the rights are redeemed, (iii) the time at which the rights are exchanged, (iv) the effective time of the repeal of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code (the "Code") or any successor statute if the board of directors determines that the rights agreement is no longer necessary for the preservation of our tax assets, and (v) the first day of a taxable year of the Company to which the board of directors determines that no NOLs or other tax assets may be carried forward.

Redemption. We may redeem all (but not less than all) of the rights for a redemption price of $0.001 per right at any time before a person or group has become an acquiring person. Once the rights are redeemed, the right to exercise the rights will terminate, and the only right of the holders of such rights will be to receive the redemption price. The redemption price will be adjusted if we declare a stock split or issue a stock dividend on our common stock.


 

Exchange. At any time after a person or group has become an acquiring person, but before an acquiring person owns 50% or more of our outstanding common stock, our board of directors may exchange each right (other than rights that have become null and void) for two shares of common stock or equivalent securities.

Anti-Dilution Provisions. Our board of directors may adjust the purchase price of the preferred shares, the number of preferred shares issuable and the number of outstanding rights to prevent dilution that may occur as a result of certain events, including, among others, a stock dividend, a stock split or a reclassification of the preferred shares or our common stock. No adjustments to the purchase price of less than one percent will be made.

Amendments. Before the time a person or group has become an acquiring person, our board of directors may amend or supplement the rights agreement in any respect without the consent of the holders of the rights, except that no amendment may decrease the redemption price below $0.001 per right. At any time, our board of directors may amend or supplement the rights agreement to cure an ambiguity, to alter time period provisions, to correct inconsistent provisions or to make any additional changes to the rights agreement, but after a person or group has become an acquiring person only to the extent that those changes do not impair or adversely affect any rights holder and do not result in the rights again becoming redeemable. The limitations on our board of director’s ability to amend the rights agreement does not affect our board of director’s power or ability to take any other action that is consistent with its fiduciary duties, including, without limitation, accelerating or extending the expiration date of the rights, or making any amendment to the rights agreement that is permitted by the rights agreement or adopting a new rights agreement with such terms as our board of directors determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate.

Anti-Takeover Effects of Provisions of Delaware Law and our Amended and Restated

Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

Certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws could discourage potential acquisition proposals and could delay or prevent a change in control. These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continuity and stability in the composition of our board of directors and in the policies formulated by our board of directors and to discourage certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened change of control. These provisions are designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal or proxy fight. Such provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares and, as a consequence, they also may inhibit fluctuations in the market price of our Class A common stock that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts. Such provisions also may have the effect of preventing changes in our management or delaying or preventing a transaction that might benefit you or other minority stockholders.

These provisions include:

Super Voting Stock. The Class A common stock and Class B common stock vote together on all matters on which stockholders are entitled to vote, except as set forth in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or required by applicable law. However, until a Sunset becomes effective, the Class B common stock have ten votes per share and the Class A common stock has one vote per share. Consequently, the holders of our Class B common stock have greater influence over decisions to be made by our stockholders, including the election of directors.

Action by Written Consent; Special Meetings of Stockholders. The DGCL permits stockholder action by written consent unless otherwise provided by our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation permits stockholder action by written consent so long as the Class B common stock represents a majority of the voting power of our outstanding common stock, and precludes stockholder action by written consent if and when the Class B common stock ceases to represent a majority of the voting power of our outstanding common stock. If permitted by the applicable certificate of designation, future series of preferred stock may take action by written consent. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our bylaws provide that special meetings of stockholders may be called only by the board of directors or the chairman of the board of directors, and only proposals included in the company’s notice may be considered at such special meetings.

Election and Removal of Directors. The DGCL provides that stockholders are not entitled to the right to cumulate votes in the election of directors unless our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation does not expressly provide for cumulative voting. Directors


 

may be removed, but only for cause, upon the affirmative vote of holders of at least 75% of the voting power of the outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class, except that prior to a Sunset, directors may be removed, with or without cause, by the affirmative vote or consent of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors. In addition, the certificate of designation pursuant to which a particular series of preferred stock is issued may provide holders of that series of preferred stock with the right to elect additional directors. In addition, under our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, our board of directors is divided into three classes of directors, each of which holds office for a three-year term. The existence of a classified board could delay a successful tender offeror from obtaining majority control of our board of directors, and the prospect of that delay might deter a potential offeror.

Authorized but Unissued Shares. The authorized but unissued shares of common stock and preferred stock are available for future issuance without stockholder approval, subject to any limitations imposed by the listing rules of the NYSE. The existence of authorized but unissued and unreserved common stock and preferred stock could make more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise.

Business Combinations with Interested Stockholders. In general, Section 203 of the DGCL, an anti-takeover law, prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination, such as a merger, with a person or group owning 15% or more of the corporation’s voting stock, which person or group is considered an interested stockholder under the DGCL, for a period of three years following the date the person became an interested stockholder, unless (with certain exceptions) the business combination or the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder is approved in a prescribed manner.

We elected in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation not to be subject to Section 203. However, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation contains provisions that have the same effect as Section 203, except that it provides that the Sunset Holders, their affiliates, groups that include the Sunset Holders, and certain of their direct and indirect transferees are not deemed to be “interested stockholders,” regardless of the percentage of our voting stock owned by them, and accordingly will not be subject to such restrictions.

Exclusive forum. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that, unless we select or consent in writing to the selection of another forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if the Court of Chancery does not have, or declines to accept, jurisdiction, another state court or a federal court located within the State of Delaware) shall be the exclusive forum for any complaints asserting any “internal corporate claims,” which include claims in the right of our company (i) that are based upon a violation of a duty by a current or former director, officer, employee or stockholder in such capacity or (ii) as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction upon the Court of Chancery. Furthermore, unless we select or consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. Our exclusive forum provision does not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Exchange Act, and investors cannot waive compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring an interest in any shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the forum provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. It is possible that a court could find our exclusive forum provision to be inapplicable or unenforceable. Although we believe this provision benefits us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law in the types of lawsuits to which it applies, the provision may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors and officers.

NOL Protective Provision. We have also included a protective provision in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation designed to assist the Company in protecting the long-term value of its accumulated NOLs by limiting certain transfers of the Company’s common stock, which requires any person attempting to become a holder of 4.99% or more of our common stock to seek the approval of our board of directors. Pursuant to its terms, this provision will expire on October 21, 2024, unless terminated prior to such time at the sole discretion of the board of directors.

Rights Agreement. We entered into a rights agreement in an effort to preserve the value of P10, Inc.’s NOLs and other tax benefits. P10, Inc.’s ability to utilize its NOLs may be substantially limited if P10, Inc. experiences an


 

“ownership change” within the meaning of Section 382 of the Code. In general, an “ownership change” would occur if the percentage of P10, Inc.’s ownership by one or more “5-percent shareholders” (as defined in the Code) increases by more than 50 percent over the lowest percentage owned by such stockholders at any time during the prior three years. The Rights Agreement will be designed to preserve P10, Inc.’s tax benefits by deterring transfers of common stock that could result in an “ownership change” under Section 382 of the Code.

Other Limitations on Stockholder Actions. Our bylaws also impose some procedural requirements on stockholders who wish to:

make nominations in the election of directors;

propose that a director be removed; or

propose any other business to be brought before an annual or special meeting of stockholders.

Under these procedural requirements, in order to bring a proposal before a meeting of stockholders, a stockholder must deliver timely notice of a proposal pertaining to a proper subject for presentation at the meeting to our corporate secretary containing, among other things, the following:

the stockholder’s name and address;

the number of shares beneficially owned by the stockholder and evidence of such ownership;

the names of all persons with whom the stockholder is acting in concert and a description of all arrangements and understandings with those persons

a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding reached with respect to shares of our stock, such as borrowed or loaned shares, short positions, hedging or similar transactions

a description of the business or nomination to be brought before the meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting; and

any material interest of the stockholder in such business.

Our bylaws set out the timeliness requirements for delivery of notice.

In order to submit a nomination for our board of directors, a stockholder must also submit any information with respect to the nominee that we would be required to include in a proxy statement, as well as some other information. If a stockholder fails to follow the required procedures, the stockholder’s proposal or nominee will be ineligible and will not be voted on by our stockholders.

Limitations on Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide indemnification for our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL. We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers that may, in some cases, be broader than the specific indemnification provisions contained under Delaware law. In addition, as permitted by Delaware law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation includes provisions that eliminate the personal liability of our directors for monetary damages resulting from breaches of certain fiduciary duties as a director. The effect of this provision is to restrict our rights and the rights of our stockholders in derivative suits to recover monetary damages against a director for breach of fiduciary duties as a director, except that a director will be personally liable for:

any breach of his duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders;

acts or omissions not in good faith, or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;

unlawful payments of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions as provided in Section 174 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware; or

any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit; or improper distributions to stockholders.

 


 

These provisions may be held not to be enforceable for violations of the federal securities laws of the United States.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our Class A common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC.

Listing

Our Class A common stock is traded on the NYSE under the symbol “PX”.