Debenture Indenture between Ivanhoe Energy Inc. and BNY Trust Company of Canada (June 9, 2011)

“this Indenture”, “this Convertible Debenture Indenture”, “hereto”, “herein”, “hereby”, “hereunder”, “hereof” and similar expressions refer to this Indenture and not to any particular Article, Section, subsection, clause, subdivision or other portion hereof and include any and every instrument supplemental or ancillary hereto;

“Additional Debentures” means Debentures of any one or more series, other than the first series of Debentures, being the Initial Debentures, issued under this Indenture;

“Applicable Period” means any period announced by the Board of Directors as a period of time for which a cash dividend or distribution will be declared and paid by the Corporation to the holders of all or substantially all of the outstanding Common Shares;

“Applicable Securities Legislation” means applicable securities laws (including rules, regulations, policies and instruments) in each of the applicable provinces of Canada;

“Auditors of the Corporation” means an independent firm of chartered accountants duly appointed as auditors of the Corporation;

“Beneficial Holder” means any person who holds a beneficial interest in a Global Debenture as shown on the books of the Depository or a Depository Participant;

“Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Corporation or any committee thereof;

“Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or any other day that the Trustee in Calgary, Alberta is not generally open for business;

“Cash Change of Control” means a Change of Control in which 10% or more of the consideration for the Common Shares in the transaction or transactions constituting a Change of Control consists of: (i) cash, other than cash payments for fractional Common Shares and cash payments made in respect of dissenter’s appraisal rights; (ii) equity securities that are not traded or intended to be traded immediately following such transactions on a recognized stock exchange; or (iii) other property that is not traded or intended to be traded immediately following such transactions on a recognized stock exchange;

“Cash Change of Control Conversion Period” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.4(k)(i);

“Change of Control” means the acquisition by any Person, or group of Persons acting jointly or in concert (within the meaning of MI 62-104), of voting control or direction of an aggregate of 50% or more of the outstanding Common Shares, but shall not include a sale, merger, reorganization, arrangement, combination or other similar transaction if the previous holders of Common Shares hold at least 50% of the voting control or direction in such merged, reorganized, arranged, combined or other continuing entity immediately following completion of such transaction;

“Change of Control Notice” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.4(j)(i);

“Change of Control Purchase Date” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.4(j)(i);

“Change of Control Purchase Offer” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.4(j)(i);

“Common Shares” means common shares in the capital of the Corporation, as such common shares are constituted on the date of execution and delivery of this Indenture; provided that in the event of a change or a subdivision, revision, reduction, combination or consolidation thereof, any reclassification, capital reorganization, consolidation, amalgamation, arrangement, merger, sale or conveyance or liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, or such successive changes, subdivisions, redivisions, reductions, combinations or consolidations, reclassifications, capital reorganizations, consolidations, amalgamations, arrangements, mergers, sales or conveyances or liquidations, dissolutions or windings-up, then, subject to adjustments, if any, having been made in accordance with the provisions of Section 6.5, “Common Shares” shall mean the shares or other securities or property resulting from such change, subdivision, redivision, reduction, combination or consolidation, reclassification, capital reorganization, consolidation, amalgamation, arrangement, merger, sale or conveyance or liquidation, dissolution or winding-up;

“Common Share Bid Request” means a request for bids to purchase Common Shares (to be issued by the Corporation on the Common Share Delivery Date) made by the Trustee in accordance with the Common Share Interest Payment Election Notice and which shall make the acceptance of any bid conditional upon the acceptance of sufficient bids to result in aggregate proceeds from such issue and sale of Common Shares which, together with the cash payments by the Corporation in lieu of fractional Common Shares, if any, equal the Interest Obligation;

“Common Share Delivery Date” means a date, not more than 90 days and not less than one Business Day prior to the applicable Interest Payment Date, upon which Common Shares are issued by the Corporation and delivered to the Trustee for sale pursuant to Common Share Purchase Agreements;

“Common Share Interest Payment Election” means an election to satisfy an Interest Obligation on the applicable Interest Payment Date in the manner described in the Common Share Interest Payment Election Notice;

“Common Share Interest Payment Election Amount” means the sum of the amount of the aggregate proceeds resulting from the sale of Common Shares on the Common Share Delivery Date pursuant to acceptable bids obtained pursuant to the Common Share Bid Requests, together with any amount paid by the Corporation in respect of fractional Common Shares pursuant to Section 10.1(g), that is equal to the aggregate amount of the Interest Obligation in respect of which the Common Share Interest Payment Election Notice was delivered;

“Common Share Interest Payment Election Notice” means a written notice made by the Corporation to the Trustee specifying:

the Interest Obligation to which the election relates;

the Common Share Interest Payment Election Amount;

the investment banks, brokers or dealers through which the Trustee shall seek bids to purchase the Common Shares and the conditions of such bids, which may include the minimum number of Common Shares, minimum price per Common Share, timing for closing for bids and such other matters as the Corporation may specify; and

that the Trustee shall accept through the investment banks, brokers or dealers selected by the Corporation only those bids which comply with such notice;

“Common Share Proceeds Investment” has the meaning attributed thereto in Section 10.1(h);

“Common Share Purchase Agreement” means an agreement in customary form among the Corporation, the Trustee and the Persons making acceptable bids pursuant to a Common Share Bid Request, which complies with all applicable laws, including the Applicable Securities Legislation and the rules and regulations of any stock exchange on which the Debentures or Common Shares are then listed;

“Common Share Redemption Right” has the meaning attributed thereto in Section 4.6(a);

“Common Share Repayment Right” has the meaning attributed thereto in Section 4.10(a);

“Conversion Price” means the dollar amount for which each Common Share may be issued from time to time upon the conversion of Debentures or any series of Debentures which are by their terms convertible in accordance with the provisions of Article 6;

“Counsel” means a barrister or solicitor or firm of barristers or solicitors retained or employed by the Trustee or retained or employed by the Corporation and reasonably acceptable to the Trustee;

“Current Market Price” means, generally, the volume weighted average trading price of the Common Shares on the Toronto Stock Exchange, if the Common Shares are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange, for the 20 consecutive trading days ending five trading days preceding the applicable date. If the Common Shares are not listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange, reference shall be made for the purpose of the above calculation to the principal securities exchange or market on which the Common Shares are listed or quoted or if no such prices are available “Current Market Price” shall be the fair value of a Common Share as reasonably determined by the Board of Directors;

“Daily Conversion Value” means, for each of the 10 consecutive trading days during the related Observation Period, one-tenth (1/10th) of the product of (i) the Conversion Rate on such day and (ii) the VWAP of the Common Shares on such trading day;

“Date of Conversion” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 6.4(b);

“Debenture Liabilities” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 5.1;

“Debentureholders” or “holders” means the Persons for the time being entered in the register for Debentures as registered holders of Debentures or any transferees of such Persons by endorsement or delivery;

“Debentures” means the debentures, notes or other evidence of indebtedness of the Corporation issued and certified hereunder, or deemed to be issued and certified hereunder, including, without limitation, the Initial Debentures, and for the time being outstanding, whether in definitive or interim form;

“Defeased Debentures” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 9.6(b);

“Definitive Debenture” means a certificated Debenture fully registered in the name of the holder thereof;

“Depository” means, with respect to the Debentures of any series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Debentures, the person designated as depository by the Corporation pursuant to Section 3.2 until a successor depository shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Depository” shall mean each person who is then a depository hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such person, “Depository” as used with respect to the Debentures of any series shall mean each depository with respect to the Global Debentures of such series;

“Depository Participant” means a broker, dealer, bank, other financial institution or other person for whom, from time to time, a Depository effects book entry for a Global Debenture deposited with the Depository;

“Effective Date” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.4(k)(i);

“Event of Default” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 8.1;

“Extraordinary Resolution” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 13.12;

“Freely Tradeable” means, in respect of shares of capital of any class of any corporation, shares which: (i) are issuable without the necessity of filing a prospectus or any other similar offering document (other than such prospectus or similar offering document that has already been filed) under Applicable Securities Legislation and such issue does not constitute a distribution (other than a distribution already qualified by prospectus or similar offering document) under Applicable Securities Legislation; and (ii) can be traded by the holder thereof without any restriction under Applicable Securities Legislation, such as hold periods, except in the case of a control distribution (as defined in National Instrument 45-102 - “Resale of Securities” of the Canadian Securities Administrators), or a transaction or series of transaction incidental to a control distribution;

“generally accepted accounting principles” or “GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles from time to time approved by the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants (including as further described in Section 1.16);

“Global Debenture” means a Debenture that is issued to and registered in the name of the Depository, or its nominee, pursuant to Section 2.6 for purposes of being held by or on behalf of the Depository as custodian for participants in the Depository’s book-entry only registration system;

“Global Note Legend” means the legend identified as such in Exhibit A;

“Government Obligations” means securities issued or guaranteed by the Government of Canada or any province thereof;

“Guarantees” means any guarantee, undertaking to assume, endorse, contingently agree to purchase, or to provide funds for the payment of, or otherwise become liable in respect of, any indebtedness, liability or obligation of any Person;

“Initial Debentures” means the Debentures designated as “5.75% Convertible Unsecured Subordinated Debentures” and described in Section 2.4;

“Interest Account” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 10.1(h);

“Interest Obligation” means the obligation of the Corporation to pay interest on the Debentures, as and when the same becomes due;

“Interest Payment Date” means a date specified in a Debenture as the date on which interest on such Debenture shall become due and payable;

“Ivanhoe” or the “Corporation” means Ivanhoe Energy Inc. and includes any successor to or of Ivanhoe which shall have complied with the provisions of Article 11;

“Make Whole Premium” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.4(k)(i);

“Make Whole Premium Shares” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.4(k)(ii);

“Material Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary of the Corporation which has consolidated assets equal to or greater than 5.0% of the consolidated assets of the Corporation and its Subsidiaries;

“Maturity Account” means an account or accounts required to be established by the Corporation (and which shall be maintained by and subject to the control of the Trustee) for each series of Debentures issued pursuant to and in accordance with this Indenture;

“Maturity Date” means the date specified for maturity of any Debentures;

“Maturity Notice” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.4(g);

“MI 62-104” means Multilateral Instrument 62-104 — Take-Over Bids and Issuer Bids of the Canadian Securities Administrators;

“Non-Recourse Debt” means any indebtedness, liabilities or other obligations (including purchase money obligations), and guarantees, indemnities, endorsements (other than endorsements for collection in the ordinary course of business) or other contingent obligations in respect of obligations of another person and, in each case, incurred to finance the creation, development, construction or acquisition of real and tangible personal property (including fixtures) and any increases in or extensions, renewals or refunding of any such indebtedness, liabilities and obligations, provided that the recourse of the lender thereof or any agent, trustee, receiver or other person acting on behalf of the lender in respect of such indebtedness, liabilities and obligations or any judgment in respect thereof is limited in all circumstances to the real and tangible personal property (including fixtures) created, developed, constructed or acquired in respect of which such indebtedness, liabilities and obligations have been incurred and to any receivables, inventory, equipment, chattel paper, intangibles and other rights or collateral arising from or connected with such property (and, for certainty, shall include the shares or other ownership interests of a Subsidiary of the Corporation which holds only such property and other rights and collateral arising from or connected therewith) and to which the lender has recourse;

“Observation Period” means, in respect of any Initial Debentures as to which a Cash Conversion Option applies: (a) for conversions that occur on or after the 12th scheduled trading day prior to the Maturity Date, the 10 consecutive trading day period beginning on, and including, the 12th scheduled trading day prior to the Maturity Date; and (b) in all other cases, the 10 consecutive trading day period beginning on, and including, the third trading day after the related Date of Conversion.

“Offer Price” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.4(j)(i);

“Offeror’s Notice” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 12.3;

“Offering” means the public offering by short form prospectus dated June 2, 2011 of up to $57,500,000 aggregate principal amount of Initial Debentures;

“Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate of the Corporation signed by any two authorized officers or directors of the Corporation, in their capacities as officers or directors of the Corporation, and not in their personal capacities;

“Periodic Offering” means an offering of Debentures of a series from time to time, the specific terms of which Debentures, including, without limitation, the rate or rates of interest, if any, thereon, the stated maturity or maturities thereof and the redemption provisions, if any, with respect thereto, are to be determined by the Corporation upon the issuance of such Debentures from time to time;

“Person” includes an individual, corporation, company, partnership, joint venture, association, trust, trustee, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof (and for the purposes of the definition of “Change of Control”, in addition to the foregoing, “Person” shall include any syndicate or group that would be deemed to be a “Person” under MI 62-104);

“Privacy Laws” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 15.19;

“Redemption Date” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 4.3;

“Redemption Notice” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 4.3;

“Redemption Price” means, in respect of a Debenture, the amount, including accrued and unpaid interest up to (but excluding) the Redemption Date fixed for such Debenture, payable on the Redemption Date, which amount may be payable by the issuance of Freely Tradeable Common Shares as provided for in Section 4.6;

“Regulation S” means Regulation S adopted by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1933 Act;

“Restricted Definitive Debenture” means a Definitive Debenture that bears the U.S. Legend;

“Restricted Global Debenture” means a Global Debenture that bears the U.S. Legend;

“Senior Creditor” means a holder or holders of Senior Indebtedness and includes any representative or representatives, agent or agents or trustee or trustees of any such holder or holders;

“Senior Indebtedness” means all obligations, liabilities and indebtedness of the Corporation and its subsidiaries, whether outstanding on the date of this Indenture or thereafter created, incurred, assumed or guaranteed which would, in accordance with GAAP, be classified upon a consolidated statement of financial position of the Corporation as liabilities of the Corporation and its subsidiaries and, whether or not so classified, includes (without duplication): (a) indebtedness of the Corporation or its Subsidiaries for borrowed money; (b) obligations of the Corporation or its Subsidiaries evidenced by bonds, debentures, commercial paper, notes or other similar instruments; (c) obligations of the Corporation or its Subsidiaries arising pursuant or in relation to bankers’ acceptances, letters of credit, letters of guarantee, financial leases, performance bonds and surety bonds (including payment and reimbursement obligations in respect thereof) or indemnities issued in connection therewith; (d) obligations of the Corporation or its Subsidiaries under any swap, hedging or other similar contracts or arrangements; (e) obligations of the Corporation or its Subsidiaries under Guarantees, indemnities, assurances, legally binding comfort letters or other contingent obligations relating to the Senior Indebtedness or other obligations of any other person which would otherwise constitute Senior Indebtedness within the meaning of this definition; (f) all indebtedness of the Corporation or its Subsidiaries representing the deferred purchase price of any property including, without limitation, purchase money mortgages; (g) indebtedness to trade creditors; (h) all renewals, extensions, restructurings, refundings and refinancings of any of the foregoing; (i) all accrued and unpaid interest, fees and other amounts in respect of any of the foregoing; and (j) all costs and expenses incurred by or on behalf of any senior creditor in enforcing payment or collection of any such Senior Indebtedness, including enforcing any security interest securing the same; provided that “Senior Indebtedness” shall not include any indebtedness that would otherwise be Senior Indebtedness if it is expressly stated to be subordinate to or rank pari passu with the Debentures;

“Senior Security” means all mortgages, liens, pledges, charges (whether fixed or floating), security interests or other encumbrances of any kind, contingent or absolute, held by or on behalf of any Senior Creditor and in any manner securing any Senior Indebtedness;

“Serial Meeting” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 13.2(b)(i);

“Stock Price” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.4(k)(ii);

“Subsidiary” has the meaning ascribed thereto in the Securities Act (Alberta);

“Time of Expiry” means the time of expiry of certain rights with respect to the conversion of Debentures under Article 6 which is to be set forth separately in the form and terms for each series of Debentures which by their terms are to be convertible;

“Total Offer Price” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.4(j)(i);

“trading day” means, with respect to the Toronto Stock Exchange or other market for securities, any day on which such exchange or market is open for trading or quotation;

“Trustee” means BNY Trust Company of Canada, or its successor or successors for the time being as trustee hereunder;

“Unclaimed Funds Return Date” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.4(j)(vii);

“United States” or “U.S.” means the United States of America, its territories and possessions, any state of the United States and the District of Columbia;

“Unrestricted Definitive Debenture” means a Definitive Debenture that bears the U.S. Legend;

“Unrestricted Global Debenture” means a Global Debenture that does not bear the U.S. Legend;

“U.S. Legend” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.14(a);

“VWAP” means for the Common Shares the per Common Share volume-weighted average price on the Toronto Stock Exchange (or if the Common Shares are no longer traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange, on such other exchange as the Common Shares are then traded) in respect of the period from the scheduled open of trading until the scheduled close of trading of the primary trading session on such trading day; provided, however, that if such volume-weighted average price is unavailable, “VWAP” means the average of the market value of one Common Share on such trading day as determined by three investment banks selected by the Corporation for this purpose, using a volume-weighted method and converted, if necessary, into Canadian dollars at the relevant exchange rate). In each case, the “VWAP” will be determined without regard to after hours trading or any other trading outside of the primary trading session; and

“Written Direction of the Corporation” means an instrument in writing signed by any one officer or director of the Corporation;

“1933 Act” means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended; and

“90% Redemption Right” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2.4(j)(ii).

Debentures which have been partially redeemed, purchased or converted shall be deemed to be outstanding only to the extent of the unredeemed, unpurchased or unconverted part of the principal amount thereof;

when a new Debenture has been issued in substitution for a Debenture which has been lost, stolen or destroyed, only one of such Debentures shall be counted for the purpose of determining the aggregate principal amount of Debentures outstanding; and

for the purposes of any provision of this Indenture entitling holders of outstanding Debentures to vote, sign consents, requisitions or other instruments or take any other action under this Indenture, or to constitute a quorum of any meeting of Debentureholders, Debentures owned directly or indirectly, legally or equitably, by the Corporation shall be disregarded except that:

for the purpose of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such vote, consent, requisition or other instrument or action, or on the holders of Debentures present or represented at any meeting of Debentureholders, only the Debentures which the Trustee knows are so owned shall be so disregarded; and

Debentures so owned which have been pledged in good faith other than to the Corporation shall not be so disregarded if the pledgee shall establish to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right to vote such Debentures, sign consents, requisitions or other instruments or take such other actions in his discretion free from the control of the Corporation or a Subsidiary of the Corporation.

words importing the singular number or masculine gender shall include the plural number or the feminine or neuter genders, and vice versa;

all references to Articles and Schedules refer, unless otherwise specified, to articles of and schedules to this Indenture;

all references to Sections refer, unless otherwise specified, to Sections, subsections or clauses of this Indenture;

words and terms denoting inclusiveness (such as “include” or “includes” or “including”), whether or not so stated, are not limited by and do not imply limitation of their context or the words or phrases which precede or succeed them;

reference to any agreement or other instrument in writing means such agreement or other instrument in writing as amended, modified, replaced or supplemented from time to time;

unless otherwise indicated, reference to a statute shall be deemed to be a reference to such statute as amended, re-enacted or replaced from time to time; and

unless otherwise indicated, time periods within which a payment is to be made or any other action is to be taken hereunder shall be calculated by including the day on which the period commences and excluding the day on which the period ends.

the designation of the Debentures of the series (which need not include the term “Debentures”), which shall distinguish the Debentures of the series from the Debentures of all other series;

any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Debentures of the series that may be certified and delivered under this Indenture (except for Debentures certified and delivered upon registration of, transfer of, amendment of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Debentures of the series pursuant to Sections 2.9, 2.10, 3.2, 3.3 and 3.6 and Article 4 and Article 6);

the date or dates on which the principal of the Debentures of the series is payable;

the rate or rates at which the Debentures of the series shall bear interest, if any, the date or dates from which such interest shall accrue, on which such interest shall be payable and on which record date, if any, shall be taken for the determination of holders to whom such interest shall be payable and/or the method or methods by which such rate or rates or date or dates shall be determined;

the place or places where the principal of and any interest on Debentures of the series shall be payable or where any Debentures of the series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange;

the right, if any, of the Corporation to redeem Debentures of the series, in whole or in part, at its option and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and any terms and conditions upon which, Debentures of the series may be so redeemed;

the obligation, if any, of the Corporation to redeem, purchase or repay Debentures of the series pursuant to any mandatory redemption, sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a holder thereof and the price or prices at which, the period or periods within which, the date or dates on which, and any terms and conditions upon which, Debentures of the series shall be redeemed, purchased or repaid, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligations;

if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which Debentures of the series shall be issuable;

subject to the provisions of this Indenture, any trustee, Depositories, authenticating or paying agents, transfer agents or registrars or any other agents with respect to the Debentures of the series;

any other events of default or covenants with respect to the Debentures of the series;

whether and under what circumstances the Debentures of the series will be convertible into or exchangeable for securities of any Person;

the form and terms of the Debentures of the series;

if applicable, that the Debentures of the series shall be issuable in whole or in part as one or more Global Debentures and, in such case, the Depository or Depositories for such Global Debentures in whose name the Global Debentures will be registered, and any circumstances other than or in addition to those set forth in Section 2.9 or 3.2 or those applicable with respect to any specific series of Debentures, as the case may be, in which any such Global Debenture may be exchanged for Definitive Debentures, or transferred to and registered in the name of a person other than the Depository for such Global Debentures or a nominee thereof;

if other than Canadian currency, the currency in which the Debentures of the series are issuable; and

any other terms of the Debentures of the series (which terms shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture).

The first series of Debentures (the “Initial Debentures”) authorized for issue immediately is limited to an aggregate principal amount of up to $82,500,000 and shall be designated as “5.75% Convertible Unsecured Subordinated Debentures”.

The Initial Debentures shall be dated as of the date of issue of the Initial Debentures and shall mature on June 30, 2016 (the “Maturity Date” for the Initial Debentures).

The Initial Debentures shall bear interest from the date of issue at the rate of 5.75% per annum (based on a year of 365 days and the actual number of days in the relevant interest period), payable in arrears in equal (with the exception of the first interest payment, which will include interest from and including the date of issue of the Initial Debentures as set forth below) semi-annual payments in arrears on June 30 and December 31 in each year, the first such payment to fall due on December 31, 2011 and the last such payment (representing interest payable from the last Interest Payment Date to, but excluding, the Maturity Date of the Initial Debentures) to fall due on June 30, 2016, payable after as well as before maturity and after as well as before default, with interest on amounts in default at the same rate, compounded semi-annually. For certainty, the first interest payment will include interest accrued from and including the date of issue of the Initial Debentures to, but excluding, December 31, 2011, which will be equal to $32.29 for each $1,000 principal amount of Initial Debentures. Any payment required to be made on any day that is not a Business Day will be made on the next succeeding Business Day. The record dates for the payment of interest on the Initial Debentures will be June 15 and December 15 in each year (or the first Business Day prior to such date if not a Business Day).

The Initial Debentures will be redeemable in accordance with the terms of Article 4, provided that the Initial Debentures will not be redeemable before June 30, 2014, except in the event of the satisfaction of certain conditions after a Change of Control has occurred as outlined herein. On and after June 30, 2014 and at any time prior to the Maturity Date, provided that the Current Market Price at the time of the Redemption Notice is at least 125% of the Conversion Price, the Initial Debentures may be redeemed at the option of the Corporation in whole or in part from time to time on notice as provided for in Section 4.3 at a Redemption Price equal to their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon up to (but excluding) the Redemption Date. The Redemption Notice for the Initial Debentures shall be substantially in the form of Schedule “B”. In connection with the redemption of the Initial Debentures, the Corporation may, at its option and subject to the provisions of Section 4.6 and subject to regulatory approval, elect to satisfy its obligation to pay all or a portion of the aggregate Redemption Price of the Initial Debentures to be redeemed by issuing and delivering to the holders of such Initial Debentures, such number of Freely Tradeable Common Shares as is obtained by dividing the aggregate Redemption Price by 95% of the Current Market Price in effect on the Redemption Date. If the Corporation elects to exercise such option, it shall so specify and provide details in the Redemption Notice.

The Initial Debentures will be subordinated to the Senior Indebtedness of the Corporation in accordance with the provisions of Article 5. In accordance with Section 2.12, the Initial Debentures will rank pari passu with each other series of Debentures issued under this Indenture or under indentures supplemental to this Indenture (regardless of their actual date or terms of issue) and, except as prescribed by law, with all other existing and future unsecured indebtedness of the Corporation other than Senior Indebtedness.

Upon and subject to the provisions and conditions of Article 6 and Section 3.7, the holder of each Initial Debenture shall have the right at such holder’s option, at any time prior to the close of business on the earlier of (i) the Business Day immediately preceding the Maturity Date of the Initial Debentures; (ii) if the Initial Debentures are called for redemption, on the Business Day immediately preceding the date specified by the Corporation for redemption of the Initial Debentures; or (iii) if subject to repurchase pursuant to a Change of Control, on the Business Day immediately preceding the payment date, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, by notice to the holders of Initial Debentures in accordance with Sections 2.4(d) and 4.3 (the earlier of which will be the “Time of Expiry” for the purposes of Article 6 in respect of the Initial Debentures), to convert any part, being $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof, of the principal amount of a Debenture into Common Shares at the Conversion Price in effect on the Date of Conversion. To the extent a redemption is a redemption in part only of the Initial Debentures, such right to convert, if not exercised prior to the applicable Time of Expiry, shall survive as to any Initial Debentures not redeemed or converted and be applicable to the next succeeding Time of Expiry.

On redemption or maturity of the Initial Debentures, the Corporation may, at its option and subject to the provisions of Section 4.6 and Section 4.10, as applicable, and subject to regulatory approval, elect to satisfy its obligation to pay all or a portion of the aggregate principal amount of the Initial Debentures due on redemption or maturity, together with all accrued but unpaid interest thereon, by issuing and delivering to such holders of Initial Debentures Freely Tradeable Common Shares pursuant to the provisions of Sections 4.6 and 4.10, as applicable. If the Corporation elects to exercise such option, it shall provide details in the Redemption Notice or deliver a maturity notice (the “Maturity Notice”) to the holders of the Initial Debentures in substantially the form of Schedule “C” and provide the necessary details.

The Initial Debentures shall be issued in denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000. Each Initial Debenture and the certificate of the Trustee endorsed thereon shall be issued in substantially the form set out in Schedule “A” (provided that Initial Debentures issued in the form of Definitive Debentures shall be issued without the Global Note Legends and without the “Schedule of Exchanges of Interests in the Global Note” attached thereto), with such insertions, omissions, substitutions or other variations as shall be required or permitted by this Indenture, and may have imprinted or otherwise reproduced thereon such legend or legends or endorsements, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, as may be required to comply with any law or with any rules or regulations pursuant thereto or with any rules or regulations of any securities exchange or securities regulatory authority or to conform with general usage, all as may be determined by the Board of Directors executing such Initial Debenture in accordance with Section 2.7, as conclusively evidenced by their execution of an Initial Debenture. Each Initial Debenture shall additionally bear such distinguishing letters and numbers as the Trustee shall approve. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an Initial Debenture may be in such other form or forms as may, from time to time, be, approved by a resolution of the Board of Directors, or as specified in an Officers’ Certificate. The Initial Debentures may be engraved, lithographed, printed, mimeographed or typewritten or partly in one form and partly in another.

Upon and subject to the provisions of Article 10, the Corporation may elect, from time to time, to satisfy its Interest Obligation on the Initial Debentures on any Interest Payment Date (including, for greater certainty, following conversion or upon maturity or redemption) by delivering: (i) cash, (ii) Freely Tradeable Common Shares; or (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii) to the Trustee pursuant to the Common Share Interest Payment Election.

Within 30 days following the occurrence of a Change of Control, and subject to the provisions and conditions of this Section 2.4(j), the Corporation shall be obligated to offer to purchase all of the Initial Debentures then outstanding. The terms and conditions of such obligation are set forth below:

Within 30 days following the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Corporation shall deliver to the Trustee, and the Trustee shall promptly deliver to the holders of the Initial Debentures, a notice stating that there has been a Change of Control and specifying the date on which such Change of Control occurred and the circumstances or events giving rise to such Change of Control (a “Change of Control Notice”) together with an offer in writing (the “Change of Control Purchase Offer”) to purchase, on the Change of Control Purchase Date (as defined below), all (or any portion actually tendered to such offer) of the Initial Debentures then outstanding from the holders thereof made in accordance with the requirements of Applicable Securities Legislation at a price per Initial Debenture equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof (the “Offer Price”) plus accrued and unpaid interest on such Initial Debentures up to, but excluding, the Change of Control Purchase Date (collectively, the “Total Offer Price”). If such Change of Control Purchase Date is after a record date for the payment of interest on the Initial Debentures but on or prior to an Interest Payment Date, then the interest payable on such date will be paid to the holder of record of the Debentures on the relevant record date. The “Change of Control Purchase Date” shall be the date that is 30 Business Days after the date that the Change of Control Notice and Change of Control Purchase Offer are delivered to holders of Initial Debentures.

If 90% or more in aggregate principal amount of Initial Debentures outstanding on the date the Corporation provides the Change of Control Notice and the Change of Control Purchase Offer to holders of the Initial Debentures have been tendered for purchase pursuant to the Change of Control Purchase Offer on the expiration thereof, the Corporation has the right upon written notice provided to the Trustee within 10 days following the expiration of the Change of Control Purchase Offer, to redeem all the Initial Debentures remaining outstanding on the expiration of the Change of Control Purchase Offer at the Total Offer Price as at the Change of Control Purchase Date (the “90% Redemption Right”).

Upon receipt of notice that the Corporation has exercised or is exercising the 90% Redemption Right and is acquiring the remaining Initial Debentures, the Trustee shall promptly provide written notice to each Debentureholder that did not previously accept the Offer that:

the Corporation has exercised the 90% Redemption Right and is purchasing all outstanding Initial Debentures effective on the expiry of the Change of Control Purchase Offer at the Total Offer Price, and shall include a calculation of the amount payable to such holder as payment of the Total Offer Price as at the Change of Control Purchase Date;

each such holder must transfer their Initial Debentures to the Trustee on the same terms as those holders that accepted the Change of Control Purchase Offer and must send their respective Initial Debentures, duly endorsed for transfer, to the Trustee within 10 days after the sending of such notice; and

the rights of such holder under the terms of the Initial Debentures and this Indenture cease effective as of the date of expiry of the Change of Control Purchase Offer provided the Corporation has, on or before the time of notifying the Trustee of the exercise of the 90% Redemption Right, paid the Total Offer Price to, or to the order of, the Trustee and thereafter the Initial Debentures shall not be considered to be outstanding and the holder shall not have any right except to receive such holder’s Total Offer Price upon surrender and delivery of such holder’s Initial Debentures in accordance with the Indenture.

The Corporation shall, on or before 11:00 a.m., Calgary time, on the Business Day immediately prior to the Change of Control Purchase Date, deposit with the Trustee or any paying agent to the order of the Trustee, such sums of money as may be sufficient to pay the Total Offer Price of the Initial Debentures to be purchased or redeemed by the Corporation on the Change of Control Purchase Date (less any tax required by law to be deducted in respect of accrued and unpaid interest), provided the Corporation may elect to satisfy this requirement by providing the Trustee with a certified cheque or wire transfer for such amounts required under this Section 2.4(j)(iv) post-dated to the date of expiry of the Change of Control Purchase Offer. The Corporation shall also deposit with the Trustee a sum of money sufficient to pay any charges or expenses which may be incurred by the Trustee in connection with such purchase. Every such deposit shall be irrevocable. From the sums so deposited, the Trustee shall pay or cause to be paid to the holders of such Initial Debentures, the Total Offer Price to which they are entitled (less any tax required by law to be deducted in respect of accrued and unpaid interest) on the Corporation’s purchase.

In the event that one or more of such Initial Debentures being purchased in accordance with this Section 2.4(j) becomes subject to purchase in part only, upon surrender of such Initial Debentures for payment of the Total Offer Price, the Corporation shall execute and the Trustee shall certify and deliver without charge to the holder thereof or upon the holder’s order, one or more new Initial Debentures for the portion of the principal amount of the Initial Debentures not purchased.

Initial Debentures for which holders have accepted the Change of Control Purchase Offer and Initial Debentures which the Corporation has elected to redeem in accordance with this Section 2.4(j) shall become due and payable at the Total Offer Price on the Change of Control Purchase Date, in the same manner and with the same effect as if it were the date of maturity specified in such Initial Debentures, anything therein or herein to the contrary notwithstanding, and from and after the Change of Control Purchase Date, if the money necessary to purchase or redeem, or the Common Shares necessary to purchase or redeem, the Initial Debentures shall have been deposited as provided in this Section 2.4(j) and affidavits or other proofs satisfactory to the Trustee as to the publication and/or mailing of such notices shall have been lodged with it, interest on the Initial Debentures shall cease. If any question shall arise as to whether any notice has been given as above provided and such deposit made, such question shall be decided by the Trustee whose decision shall be final and binding upon all parties in interest.

In case the holder of any Initial Debenture to be purchased or redeemed in accordance with this Section 2.4(j) shall fail on or before the Change of Control Purchase Date to so surrender such holder’s Initial Debenture or shall not within such time accept payment of the monies payable, to take delivery of certificates representing such Common Shares issuable in respect thereof, or give such receipt therefor, if any, as the Trustee may require, such monies may be set aside in trust, or such certificates may be held in trust, without interest, either in the deposit department of the Trustee or in a chartered bank, and such setting aside shall for all purposes be deemed a payment to the Debentureholder of the sum or the Common Shares so set aside and the Debentureholder shall have no other right except to receive payment of the monies so paid and deposited, or take delivery of the certificates so deposited, or both, upon surrender and delivery of such holder’s Initial Debenture. In the event that any money or certificates representing Common Shares required to be deposited hereunder with the Trustee or any depository or paying agent on account of principal, premium, if any, or interest, if any, on Initial Debentures issued hereunder shall remain so deposited for a period of six years from the Change of Control Purchase Date, then such monies, or certificates representing Common Shares, together with any accumulated interest thereon, or any distributions paid thereon, shall at the end of such period be paid over or delivered over by the Trustee or such depository or paying agent to the Corporation and the Trustee shall not be responsible to Debentureholders for any amounts owing to them. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trustee will pay any remaining funds deposited hereunder on that date which is five years less one day after the Change of Control Purchase Date (the “Unclaimed Funds Return Date”) to the Corporation upon receipt from the Corporation of an unconditional letter of credit from a Canadian chartered bank in an amount equal to or in excess of the amount of the remaining funds. If the remaining funds are paid to the Corporation prior to the Unclaimed Funds Return Date, the Corporation shall reimburse the Trustee for any amounts required to be paid by the Trustee to a holder of a Debenture pursuant to the Change of Control Purchase Offer after the date of such payment of the remaining funds to the Corporation but prior to the Unclaimed Funds Return Date.

Subject to the provisions above related to Initial Debentures purchased in part, all Initial Debentures redeemed and paid under this Section 2.4(j) shall forthwith be delivered to the Trustee and cancelled and no Initial Debentures shall be issued in substitution therefor.

In addition to the requirements of Section 2.4(j) in respect of a Change of Control, the following provisions shall apply in respect of the occurrence of a Cash Change of Control:

In the event of the occurrence of a Cash Change of Control, then subject to regulatory approval, during the period (the “Cash Change of Control Conversion Period”) beginning 10 trading days before the anticipated effective date of the Change of Control (the “Effective Date”) and ending on the date that is 30 days after the Change of Control Notice and Change of Control Purchase Offer are delivered or mailed to holders of Initial Debentures in accordance with Section 2.4(j), holders of Initial Debentures will be entitled to convert their Initial Debentures, in whole or in part, and receive, in addition to the number of Common Shares (or cash or other property or securities in substitution therefor) that such holders are entitled to receive upon such conversion in accordance with the provisions and conditions of Section 2.4(f), 2.4(k)(v) and (vi) and Article 6, an additional number of Common Shares (or cash or other property or securities in substitution therefor) per $1,000 principal amount of Initial Debentures converted as set forth below (the “Make Whole Premium”).

The number of additional Common Shares per $1,000 principal amount of Initial Debentures constituting the Make Whole Premium (the “Make Whole Premium Shares”) shall be determined by reference to the table following subsection (iii) below, based on the Effective Date and the price (the “Stock Price”) paid per Common Share in the transaction constituting the Change of Control. If holders of Common Shares receive only cash in the transaction constituting the Change of Control, the Stock Price shall be the cash amount paid per Common Share. Otherwise, the Stock Price shall be equal to the Current Market Price of the Common Shares immediately preceding the Effective Date; provided that for the purposes of this Section 2.4(k)(ii) and the determination of Current Market Price, the applicable period shall be calculated based on the 5 consecutive trading days ending 5 trading days preceding the applicable date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no circumstances can the effective Conversion Price (calculated by dividing $1,000 by the number of Common Shares issuable upon conversion, including the maximum number of Make Whole Premium Shares hereunder) be less than the maximum permitted discounted price permitted by the Toronto Stock Exchange at the time of announcement of the Offering ($1.99), prior to any adjustments that may be made to the Stock Price to correspond to an adjustment to the Conversion Price under this Indenture.

The following table shows the number of Make Whole Premium Shares for each hypothetical Stock Price and Effective Date set forth below, expressed as additional Common Shares per $1,000 principal amount of Debentures. For the avoidance of doubt, the Corporation shall not be obliged to pay the Make Whole Premium otherwise than by issuance of Common Shares upon conversion of the Initial Debentures in accordance with the provisions and conditions of Section 2.4(f) and Article 6. If the Stock Price or Effective Date are not set forth on the table then: (i) if the actual Stock Price on the Effective Date is between two Stock Prices on the table or the Effective Date is between two Effective Dates on the table, the number of Make Whole Premium Shares will be determined by a straight-line interpolation between the amounts set forth for the two Stock Prices and the two Effective Dates on the table based on a 365-day year, as applicable, (ii) if the Stock Price on the Effective Date exceeds $10.00 per Common Share, subject to adjustment as set forth herein, the number of Make Whole Premium Shares to be issued will be zero, and (iii) if the Stock Price on the Effective Date is less than $2.42 per Common Share, subject to adjustment as set forth herein, the number of Make Whole Premium Shares to be issued will be zero.

The Stock Prices set forth in the table above will be adjusted as of any date on which the Conversion Price of the Initial Debentures is adjusted. The adjusted Stock Prices will equal the Stock Prices applicable immediately preceding such adjustment multiplied by a fraction, the denominator of which is the Conversion Price immediately preceding the adjustment giving rise to the Stock Price adjustment and the numerator of which is the Conversion Price as so adjusted. The number of additional Make Whole Premium Shares set forth in the table above will be adjusted in the same manner as the Conversion Price as set forth in Section 6.5, other than as a result of an adjustment of the Conversion Price by adding the Make Whole Premium as described above.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Date of Conversion of any Initial Debentures occurs during the period beginning on the 10th trading day prior to the Effective Date and ending at the close of business on the Effective Date, the holders of such Initial Debentures shall, on conversion of their Initial Debentures, only be entitled to receive that number of Make Whole Premium Shares (as may be adjusted pursuant to Section 6.5) on the Business Day immediately following the Effective Date and, for greater certainty, only if the Change of Control occurs.

The Make Whole Premium Shares shall be deemed to have been issued upon conversion of Initial Debentures on the Business Day immediately following the Effective Date. Section 6.5 shall apply to such conversion and, for greater certainty, the former holders of Initial Debentures in respect of which the Make Whole Premium Shares are issuable shall be entitled to receive and shall accept, in lieu of the Make Whole Premium Shares, the number of shares or other securities or cash or other property of the Corporation or of the Person or other entity resulting from the transaction that constitutes the Cash Change of Control that such holders would have been entitled to receive if such holders had been the registered holders of the applicable number of Make Whole Premium Shares on the Effective Date.

Except as otherwise provided in this Section 2.4(k), all other provisions of this Indenture applicable to a conversion of Initial Debentures shall apply to a conversion of Initial Debentures during the Cash Change of Control Conversion Period.

The Trustee shall be provided with the documents and instruments referred to in Sections 2.5(b), 2.5(c) and 2.5(d) with respect to the Initial Debentures prior to the issuance of the Initial Debentures.

Notwithstanding Section 2.4(f) and subject to Applicable Securities Legislation, upon the conversion of the Initial Debentures by a holder thereof in accordance with Article 6, in lieu of delivering Common Shares, the Corporation may elect to pay the holder cash at the option of the Corporation (the “Cash Conversion Option”). If the Corporation elects the Cash Conversion Option:

it will notify the Trustee in accordance with Article 14:

for conversions that occur on or after the 12th trading day prior to the Maturity Date, by notice to all registered holders of Initial Debentures delivered prior to such trading day (which will apply to all such conversions of Initial Debentures); and

in all other cases, on the business day immediately following the related Date of Conversion;

the Corporation shall pay cash to the converting holder of Initial Debentures in an amount equal to the sum of the Daily Conversion Values for each of the 10 consecutive trading days during the related Observation Period;

the Corporation shall pay the cash to the Trustee, on behalf of the converting holder of the Initial Debentures, no later than the third Business Day following the last day of the related Observation Period;

such election by the Corporation of the Cash Conversion Option in respect of the converting holder of Initial Debentures shall be irrevocable; and

if the notice of the Corporation’s election of the Cash Conversion Option has not been delivered in accordance with Section 2.4(m)(i), the Corporation will no longer have the right to elect the Cash Conversion Option and the Corporation will satisfy its obligations under Article 6 through the delivery of Common Shares in accordance with Article 6 of the Indenture.

an Officers’ Certificate and/or executed supplemental indenture by or pursuant to which the form and terms of such Additional Debentures were established;

a Written Direction of the Corporation requesting certification and delivery of such Additional Debentures and setting forth delivery instructions, provided that, with respect to Debentures of a series subject to a Periodic Offering:

such Written Direction of the Corporation may be delivered by the Corporation to the Trustee prior to the delivery to the Trustee of such Additional Debentures of such series for certification and delivery;

the Trustee shall certify and deliver Additional Debentures of such series for original issue from time to time, in an aggregate principal amount not exceeding the aggregate principal amount, if any, established for such series, pursuant to a Written Direction of the Corporation or pursuant to procedures acceptable to the Trustee as may be specified from time to time by a Written Direction of the Corporation;

the maturity date or dates, issue date or dates, interest rate or rates (if any) and any other terms of Additional Debentures of such series shall be determined by an executed supplemental indenture or by Written Direction of the Corporation or pursuant to such procedures; and

if provided for in such procedures, such Written Direction of the Corporation may authorize certification and delivery pursuant to oral or electronic instructions from the Corporation which oral or electronic instructions shall be promptly confirmed in writing;

an opinion of Counsel, in form and substance satisfactory to the Trustee, acting reasonably, to the effect that all requirements imposed by this Indenture and by law in connection with the proposed issue of Additional Debentures have been complied with, subject to the delivery of certain documents or instruments specified in such opinion; and

an Officers’ Certificate (which Officers’ Certificate shall be in such form that satisfies all applicable laws) certifying that the Corporation is not in default under this Indenture, that the terms and conditions for the certification and delivery of Additional Debentures (including those set forth in Section 15.5), have been complied with subject to the delivery of any documents or instruments specified in such Officers’ Certificate and that no Event of Default exists or will exist upon such certification and delivery.

The Corporation may specify that the Debentures of a series are to be issued in whole or in part as one or more Global Debentures registered in the name of a Depository, or its nominee, designated by the Corporation in the Written Direction of the Corporation delivered to the Trustee at the time of issue of such Debentures, and in such event the Corporation shall execute and the Trustee shall certify and deliver one or more Global Debentures that shall:

represent an aggregate amount equal to the principal amount of the outstanding Debentures of such series to be represented by one or more Global Debentures;

be delivered by the Trustee to such Depository or pursuant to such Depository’s instructions; and

Each Depository designated for a Global Debenture must, at the time of its designation and at all times while it serves as such Depository, be a clearing agency registered or designated under the securities legislation of the jurisdiction where the Depository has its principal offices.

All Debentures issued hereunder, whether originally or upon exchange or in substitution for previously issued Debentures which are interest bearing, shall bear interest (i) from and including their issue date, or (ii) from and including the last Interest Payment Date to which interest shall have been paid or made available for payment on the outstanding Debentures of that series, whichever shall be the later, or, in respect of Debentures subject to a Periodic Offering, from and including their issue date or from and including the last Interest Payment Date to which interest shall have been paid or made available for payment on such Debentures, in all cases, to and excluding the next Interest Payment Date.

Unless otherwise specifically provided in the terms of the Debentures of any series, interest for any period shall be computed on the basis of a year of 365 days and the actual number of days elapsed in such period. With respect to any series of Debentures, for the purposes disclosure under the Interest Act (Canada), whenever interest is computed on the basis of a year (the “deemed year”) which contains fewer days than the actual number of days in the calendar year of calculation, such rate of interest shall be expressed as a yearly rate for purposes of the Interest Act (Canada) by multiplying such rate of interest by the actual number of days in such calendar year of calculation and dividing it by the number of days in the deemed year.

The Debentures and the Common Shares issuable upon conversion thereof have not been and will not be registered under the 1933 Act. All Initial Debentures originally issued and sold in the United States in reliance on an exemption from registration under Rule 144A under the 1933 Act shall bear the following legend (the “U.S. Legend”):

As interest becomes due on each Debenture (except, subject to certain exceptions set forth herein including in Section 2.4(b), on conversion or on redemption, when interest may at the option of the Corporation be paid upon surrender of such Debenture), the Corporation, either directly or through the Trustee or any agent of the Trustee, shall send or forward by prepaid ordinary mail, electronic transfer of funds or such other means as may be agreed to by the Trustee, payment of such interest (less any tax required to be withheld therefrom) to the order of the registered holder of such Debenture appearing on the registers maintained by the Trustee at the close of business on the fifth Business Day prior to the applicable Interest Payment Date and addressed to the holder at the holder’s last address appearing on the register, unless such holder otherwise directs. If payment is made by cheque, such cheque shall be forwarded at least three days prior to each date on which interest becomes due and if payment is made by other means (such as electronic transfer of funds, provided the Trustee must receive confirmation of receipt of funds prior to being able to wire funds to holders), such payment shall be made in a manner whereby the holder receives credit for such payment on the date such interest on such Debenture becomes due. The mailing of such cheque or the making of such payment by other means shall, to the extent of the sum represented thereby, plus the amount of any tax withheld as aforesaid, satisfy and discharge all liability for interest on such Debenture, unless in the case of payment by cheque, such cheque is not paid at par on presentation. In the event of non-receipt of any cheque for or other payment of interest by the person to whom it is so sent as aforesaid, the Corporation will issue to such person a replacement cheque or other payment for a like amount upon being furnished with such evidence of non-receipt as it shall reasonably require and upon being indemnified to its satisfaction. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Corporation is prevented by circumstances beyond its control (including, without limitation, any interruption in mail service) from making payment of any interest due on each Debenture in the manner provided above, the Corporation may make payment of such interest or make such interest available for payment in any other manner acceptable to the Trustee with the same effect as though payment had been made in the manner provided above.

All payments of interest on the Global Debenture shall be made by electronic funds transfer or certified cheque made payable to the Depository or its nominee on the day interest is payable for subsequent payment to Beneficial Holders of the applicable Global Debenture, unless the Corporation and the Depository otherwise agree. None of the Corporation, the Trustee or any agent of the Trustee for any Debenture issued as a Global Debenture will be liable or responsible to any person for any aspect of the records related to or payments made on account of beneficial interests in any Global Debenture or for maintaining, reviewing, or supervising any records relating to such beneficial interests.

With respect to each series of Debentures issuable as Definitive Debentures, the Corporation shall cause to be kept by and at the principal office of the Trustee in Calgary, Alberta and Toronto, Ontario and by the Trustee or such other registrar as the Corporation, with the approval of the Trustee, may appoint at such other place or places, if any, as may be specified in the Debentures of such series or as the Corporation may designate with the approval of the Trustee, a register in which shall be entered the names and addresses of the holders of Definitive Debentures and particulars of the Debentures held by them respectively and of all transfers of Definitive Debentures. Such registration shall be noted on the Debentures by the Trustee or other registrar unless a new Debenture shall be issued upon such transfer.

No transfer of a Definitive Debenture shall be valid unless made on such register referred to in Section 3.1(a) by the registered holder or such holder’s executors, administrators or other legal representatives or an attorney duly appointed by an instrument in writing in form and executed in a manner satisfactory to the Trustee or other registrar upon surrender of the Debentures together with a duly executed form of transfer acceptable to the Trustee and upon compliance with such other reasonable requirements as the Trustee or other registrar may prescribe, or unless the name of the transferee shall have been noted on the Debenture by the Trustee or other registrar. Subject to the foregoing, the provisions of Section 3.2(e) shall apply to the transfer and exchange of Definitive Debentures.

With respect to each series of Debentures issuable in whole or in part as one or more Global Debentures, the Corporation shall cause to be kept by and at the principal offices of the Trustee in Calgary, Alberta and Toronto, Ontario and by the Trustee or such other registrar as the Corporation, with the approval of the Trustee, may appoint at such other place or places, if any, as the Corporation may designate with the approval of the Trustee, a register in which shall be entered the name and address of the holder of each such Global Debenture (being the Depository, or its nominee, for such Global Debenture) as holder thereof and particulars of the Global Debenture held by it, and of all transfers thereof.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, a Global Debenture may not be transferred by the registered holder thereof and accordingly, no definitive certificates shall be issued to Beneficial Holders except in the following circumstances or as otherwise specified in a resolution of the Trustee, a resolution of the Board of Directors, Officers’ Certificate or supplemental indenture relating to a particular series of Additional Debentures:

Global Debentures may be transferred by a Depository to a nominee of such Depository or by a nominee of a Depository to such Depository or to another nominee of such Depository or by a Depository or its nominee to a successor Depository or its nominee;

Global Debentures may be transferred at any time after the Depository for such Global Debentures (i) has notified the Trustee, or the Corporation has notified the Trustee, that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depository for such Global Debentures, or (ii) ceases to be eligible to be a Depository under Section 2.6(b), provided that at the time of such transfer the Corporation has not appointed a successor Depository for such Global Debentures;

Global Debentures may be transferred at any time after the Corporation has determined, in its sole discretion, to terminate the book-entry only registration system in respect of such Global Debentures and has communicated such determination to the Trustee in writing;

Global Debentures may be transferred at any time after the Trustee has determined that an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with respect to the Debentures of the series issued as a Global Debenture, provided that Beneficial Holders representing, in the aggregate, not less than 25% of the aggregate principal amount of the Debentures of such series advise the Depository in writing, through the Depository Participants, that the continuation of the book-entry only registration system for such series of Debentures is no longer in their best interest and also provided that at the time of such transfer the Trustee has not waived the Event of Default pursuant to Section 8.3;

Global Debentures may be transferred if required by applicable law; or

Global Debentures may be transferred if the book-entry only registration system ceases to exist.

With respect to the Global Debentures, unless and until definitive certificates have been issued to Beneficial Holders pursuant to subsection 3.2(b):

the Corporation and the Trustee may deal with the Depository for all purposes (including paying interest on the Debentures) as the sole holder of such series of Debentures and the authorized representative of the Beneficial Holders;

the rights of the Beneficial Holders shall be exercised only through the Depository and shall be limited to those established by law and agreements between such Beneficial Holders and the Depository or the Depository Participants;

the Depository will make book-entry transfers among the Depository Participants; and

whenever this Indenture requires or permits actions to be taken based upon instruction or directions of Debentureholders evidencing a specified percentage of the outstanding Debentures, the Depository shall be deemed to be counted in that percentage only to the extent that it has received instructions to such effect from the Beneficial Holders or the Depository Participant, and has delivered such instructions to the Trustee.

Whenever a notice or other communication is required to be provided to Debentureholders, unless and until definitive certificate(s) have been issued to Beneficial Holders pursuant to this Section 3.2, the Trustee shall provide all such notices and communications to the Depository and the Depository shall deliver such notices and communications to such Beneficial Holders in accordance with Applicable Securities Legislation. Upon the termination of the book-entry only registration system on the occurrence of one of the conditions specified in Section 3.2(b) with respect to a series of Debentures issued hereunder, the Trustee shall notify all applicable Depositary Participants and Beneficial Holders, through the Depository, of the availability of definitive Debenture certificates. Upon surrender by the Depository of the certificate(s) representing the Global Debentures and receipt of new registration instructions from the Depository, the Trustee shall deliver the definitive Debenture certificates for such Debentures to the holders thereof in accordance with the new registration instructions and thereafter, the registration and transfer of such Debentures will be governed by Section 3.1 and the remaining Sections of this Article 3, provided that any Definitive Debentures that are issued in exchange for a Restricted Global Debenture shall bear the U.S. Legend.

Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture or the Debentures, transfers and exchanges of Definitive Debentures and beneficial interests in Global Debentures shall be made in accordance with this subsection 3.2(e).

Transfer of Beneficial Interests in the Same Global Debenture. Except as may be required by the Trustee or the Depository, no written orders or instructions shall be required to be delivered to the Trustee to effect a transfer of a beneficial interest in a Global Debenture to Persons who take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in the same Global Debenture.

Transfer and Exchange of Beneficial Interests in a Restricted Global Debenture for Beneficial Interests in an Unrestricted Global Debenture. A beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Debenture may be exchanged by any holder thereof for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Debenture or transferred to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Debenture if the Trustee receives the following:

if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Debenture proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Debenture, a certificate from such holder in the form of Schedule F hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(a) thereof; or

if the holder of such beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Debenture proposes to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Debenture, a certificate from such holder in the form of Schedule E hereto, including the certifications in items (2) or (3) thereof;

Transfer and Exchange of Beneficial Interests in an Unrestricted Global Debenture for Beneficial Interests in a Restricted Global Debenture. A beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Debenture may be exchanged by any holder thereof for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Debenture or transferred to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Debenture if the Trustee receives the following:

if the holder of such beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Debenture proposes to exchange such beneficial interest for a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Debenture, a certificate from such holder in the form of Schedule F hereto, including the certifications in item (2) thereof; or

if the holder of such beneficial interest in an Unrestricted Global Debenture proposes to transfer such beneficial interest to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of a beneficial interest in a Restricted Global Debenture, a certificate from such holder in the form of Schedule E hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof.

Transfer of Restricted Definitive Debenture for Restricted Definitive Debenture. A Restricted Definitive Debenture may be transferred to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of a Restricted Definitive Debenture if the Trustee receives a certificate to the effect set forth in Schedule E hereto, including the certifications in item (1) thereof.

Transfer and Exchange of Restricted Definitive Debentures for Unrestricted Definitive Debentures. A Restricted Definitive Debenture may be exchanged by the holder thereof for an Unrestricted Definitive Debenture or transferred to a Person who takes delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Debenture if the Trustee receives the following:

if the holder of such Restricted Definitive Debenture proposes to exchange such Debenture for an Unrestricted Definitive Debenture, a certificate from such holder in the form of Schedule F hereto, including the certifications in item (1)(b) thereof; or

if the holder of such Restricted Definitive Debenture proposes to transfer such Debenture to a Person who shall take delivery thereof in the form of an Unrestricted Definitive Debenture, a certificate from such holder in the form of Schedule E hereto, including the certifications in item (2) or (3) thereof; and, in each such case set forth in this subsection 3.2(e)(v), if the Corporation so requests, an opinion of counsel in form reasonably acceptable to the Corporation to the effect that such transfer or exchange is in compliance with the 1933 Act.

Subject to Section 3.1, 3.2 and 3.7, Debentures in any authorized form or denomination, other than Global Debentures, may be exchanged for Debentures in any other authorized form or denomination, of the same series and date of maturity, bearing the same interest rate and of the same aggregate principal amount as the Debentures so exchanged.

In respect of exchanges of Debentures permitted by Section 3.6(a), Debentures of any series may be exchanged only at the principal offices of the Trustee in the cities of Calgary, Alberta and Toronto, Ontario or at such other place or places, if any, as may be specified in the Debentures of such series and at such other place or places as may from time to time be designated by the Corporation with the approval of the Trustee. Any Debentures tendered for exchange shall be surrendered to the Trustee. The Corporation shall execute and the Trustee shall certify all Debentures necessary to carry out exchanges as aforesaid. All Debentures surrendered for exchange shall be cancelled.

Debentures issued in exchange for Debentures which at the time of such issue have been selected or called for redemption at a later date shall be deemed to have been selected or called for redemption in the same manner and shall have noted thereon a statement to that effect.

make transfers or exchanges or convert any of Definitive Debentures on any Interest Payment Date for such Debentures or during the five preceding Business Days;

make transfers or exchanges of, or convert any Debentures on the day of any selection by the Trustee of Debentures to be redeemed or during the five preceding Business Days; or

make exchanges of any Debentures which will have been selected or called for redemption unless upon due presentation thereof for redemption such Debentures shall not be redeemed.

Subject to any restriction herein provided, the Corporation with the approval of the Trustee may at any time close any register for any series of Debentures, other than those kept at the principal offices of the Trustee in Calgary, Alberta and Toronto, Ontario, and transfer the registration of any Debentures registered thereon to another register (which may be an existing register) and thereafter such Debentures shall be deemed to be registered on such other register. Notice of such transfer shall be given to the holders of such Debentures.

for any exchange, registration, transfer or discharge from registration of any Debenture applied for within a period of two months from the date of the first delivery of Debentures of that series or, with respect to Debentures subject to a Periodic Offering, within a period of two months from the date of delivery of any such Debenture;

for any exchange of any interim or temporary Debenture or interim certificate that has been issued under Section 2.9 for a definitive Debenture;

for any exchange of a Global Debenture as contemplated in Section 3.2; or

for any exchange of any Debenture resulting from a partial redemption under Section 4.2.

Unless otherwise required by law, the person in whose name any registered Debenture is registered shall for all purposes of this Indenture be and be deemed to be the owner thereof and payment of or on account of the principal of and premium, if any, on such Debenture and interest thereon shall be made to such registered holder.

The registered holder for the time being of any registered Debenture shall be entitled to the principal, premium, if any, and/or interest evidenced by such instruments, respectively, free from all equities or rights of set-off or counterclaim between the Corporation and the original or any intermediate holder thereof and all persons may act accordingly and the receipt of any such registered holder for any such principal, premium or interest shall be a good discharge to the Trustee, any registrar and to the Corporation for the same and none shall be bound to inquire into the title of any such registered holder.

Where Debentures are registered in more than one name, the principal, premium, if any, and interest from time to time payable in respect thereof may be paid to the order of all such holders, failing written instructions from them to the contrary, and the receipt of any one of such holders therefor shall be a valid discharge, to the Trustee, any registrar and to the Corporation.

In the case of the death of one or more joint holders of any Debenture the principal, premium, if any, and interest from time to time payable thereon may be paid to the order of the survivor or survivors of such registered holders and the receipt of any such survivor or survivors therefor shall be a valid discharge to the Trustee and any registrar and to the Corporation.

the distinguishing letters and numbers of the registered Debentures which are to be redeemed (or of such thereof as are registered in the name of such Debentureholder);

in the case of a published notice, the distinguishing letters and numbers of the Debentures which are to be redeemed or, if such Debentures are selected by terminal digit or other similar system, such particulars as may be sufficient to identify the Debentures so selected;

in the case of a Global Debenture, that the redemption will take place in such manner as may be agreed upon by the Depository, the Trustee and the Corporation; and

in all cases, the principal amounts of such Debentures or, if any such Debenture is to be redeemed in part only, the principal amount of such part.

Subject to the receipt of any required regulatory approvals and the other provisions of this Section 4.6, the Corporation may, at its option, in exchange for or in lieu of paying the Redemption Price in money, elect to satisfy its obligation to pay all or any portion of the Redemption Price by issuing and delivering to holders on the Redemption Date that number of Freely Tradeable Common Shares obtained by dividing the Redemption Price (or applicable portion thereof to be satisfied by the issuance and delivery of Freely Tradeable Common Shares) by 95% of the then Current Market Price of the Common Shares (which will be calculated based on the 20 consecutive trading days ending five days before the Redemption Date) (the “Common Share Redemption Right”).

The Corporation shall exercise the Common Share Redemption Right by so specifying in the Redemption Notice and shall also specify the aggregate principal amount of Debentures in respect of which it is exercising the Common Share Redemption Right in such notice.

The Corporation’s right to exercise the Common Share Redemption Right shall be conditional upon the following conditions being met on the Business Day preceding the Redemption Date:

the issuance of the Common Shares on the exercise of the Common Share Redemption Right shall be made in accordance with Applicable Securities Legislation and such Common Shares shall be issued as Freely Tradeable Common Shares;

such additional Freely Tradeable Common Shares shall be listed on each stock exchange on which the Common Shares are then listed, the Toronto Stock Exchange or national securities exchange or quoted in an inter-dealer quotation system of any registered national securities association;

the Corporation shall be a reporting issuer in good standing under Applicable Securities Legislation where the distribution of such Freely Tradeable Common Shares occurs;

no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing;

the Trustee shall have received an Officers’ Certificate stating that conditions (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) above have been satisfied and setting forth the number of Common Shares to be delivered for each $1,000 principal amount of Debentures and the Current Market Price of the Common Shares on the Redemption Date; and

the Trustee shall have received an opinion of Counsel to the effect that such Common Shares have been duly authorized and, when issued and delivered pursuant to the terms of this Indenture in payment of the Redemption Price, will be validly issued as fully paid and non-assessable, that conditions (i) and (ii) above have been satisfied and that, relying exclusively on certificates of good standing issued by the relevant securities authorities, condition (iii) above is satisfied, except that the opinion in respect of condition (iii) need not be expressed with respect to those provinces where certificates are not issued.

In the event that the Corporation duly exercises its Common Share Redemption Right, upon presentation and surrender of the Debentures for payment on the Redemption Date, at any place where a register is maintained pursuant to Article 3 or any other place specified in the Redemption Notice, the Corporation shall on or before 11:00 a.m. (Calgary time) on the Business Day immediately prior to the Redemption Date make the delivery to the Trustee for delivery to and on account of the holders, of certificates representing the Freely Tradeable Common Shares to which such holders are entitled.

No fractional Freely Tradeable Common Shares shall be delivered upon the exercise of the Common Share Redemption Right but, in lieu thereof, the Corporation shall pay to the Trustee for the account of the holders, at the time contemplated in Section 4.6(d), the cash equivalent thereof determined on the basis of the Current Market Price of the Common Shares on the Redemption Date (less any tax required to be deducted, if any).

A holder shall be treated as the shareholder of record of the Freely Tradeable Common Shares issued on due exercise by the Corporation of its Common Share Redemption Right effective immediately after the close of business on the Redemption Date, and shall be entitled to all substitutions therefor, all income earned thereon or accretions thereto and all dividends or distributions (including distributions and dividends in kind) thereon and arising thereafter, and in the event that the Trustee receives the same, it shall hold the same in trust for the benefit of such holder.

The Corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized Common Shares (if the number thereof is or becomes limited), solely for the purpose of issue and delivery upon the exercise of the Corporation’s Common Share Redemption Right as provided herein, and shall issue to Debentureholders to whom Freely Tradeable Common Shares will be issued pursuant to exercise of the Common Share Redemption Right, such number of Freely Tradeable Common Shares as shall be issuable in such event. All Freely Tradeable Common Shares which shall be so issuable shall be duly and validly issued as fully paid and non-assessable.

The Corporation shall comply with all Applicable Securities Legislation regulating the issue and delivery of Freely Tradeable Common Shares upon exercise of the Common Share Redemption Right and shall cause to be listed and posted for trading such Common Shares on each stock exchange on which the Common Shares are then listed.

The Corporation shall from time to time promptly pay, or make provision satisfactory to the Trustee for the payment of, all taxes and charges which may be imposed by the laws of Canada or any province thereof (except income tax, withholding tax or security transfer tax, if any) which shall be payable with respect to the issuance or delivery of Freely Tradeable Common Shares to holders upon exercise of the Common Share Redemption Right pursuant to the terms of the Debentures and of this Indenture.

If the Corporation elects to satisfy its obligation to pay all or any portion of the Redemption Price by issuing Freely Tradeable Common Shares in accordance with this Section 4.6 and if the Redemption Price (or any portion thereof) to which a holder is entitled is subject to withholding taxes and the amount of the cash payment of the Redemption Price, if any, is insufficient to satisfy such withholding taxes, the Trustee, on the Written Direction of the Corporation but for the account of the holder, shall sell, through the investment banks, brokers or dealers selected by the Corporation, out of the Freely Tradeable Common Shares issued by the Corporation for this purpose, such number of Freely Tradeable Common Shares that together with the cash payment of the Redemption Price, if any, is sufficient to yield net proceeds (after payment of all costs) to cover the amount of taxes required to be withheld, and shall remit same on behalf of the Corporation to the proper tax authorities within the period of time prescribed for this purpose under applicable laws.

Each certificate representing Freely Tradeable Common Shares issued in payment of the Redemption Price of Debentures bearing the U.S. Legend, as well as all certificates issued in exchange for or in substitution of the foregoing securities, shall bear the U.S. Legend; provided that if the Freely Tradeable Common Shares are being sold in compliance with the requirements of Rule 904 of Regulation S, and provided that the Corporation is a “foreign issuer” within the meaning of Regulation S at the time of sale, the U.S. Legend may be removed by providing a declaration to the Trustee, as registrar and transfer agent for the

Subject to the receipt of any required regulatory approvals and the other provisions of this Section 4.10, the Corporation may, at its option, in exchange for or in lieu of repaying the Debentures in money, elect to satisfy its obligation to repay the principal amount of all or any portion of the principal amount of the Debentures outstanding by issuing and delivering to holders on the Maturity Date of such Debentures that number of Freely Tradeable Common Shares obtained by dividing the principal amount of the Debentures (or applicable portion thereof to be satisfied by the issuance and delivery of Freely Tradeable Common Shares) together with all accrued and unpaid interest thereon by 95% of the then Current Market Price of the Common Shares (which will be calculated based on the 20 consecutive trading days ending five trading days before the Maturity Date) (the “Common Share Repayment Right”); provided that all accrued and unpaid interest thereon shall be payable to the holder in cash.

The Corporation shall exercise the Common Share Repayment Right by so specifying in the Maturity Notice, which shall be delivered to the Trustee and the holders of Debentures not more than 60 days and not less than 40 days prior to the Maturity Date, and which shall also specify the aggregate principal amount of Debentures in respect of which it is exercising the Common Share Repayment Right on the Maturity Date.

The Corporation’s right to exercise the Common Share Repayment Right shall be conditional upon the following conditions being met on the Business Day preceding the Maturity Date:

the issuance of the Common Shares on the exercise of the Common Share Repayment Right shall be made in accordance with Applicable Securities Legislation and such Common Shares shall be issued as Freely Tradeable Common Shares;

such additional Freely Tradeable Common Shares shall be listed on each stock exchange on which the Common Shares are then listed, the Toronto Stock Exchange or a national securities exchange or quoted in an inter-dealer quotation system of any registered national securities association;

the Corporation shall be a reporting issuer in good standing under Applicable Securities Legislation where the distribution of such Freely Tradeable Common Shares occurs;

no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing;

the Trustee shall have received an Officers’ Certificate stating that conditions (i), (ii). (iii) and (iv) above have been satisfied and setting forth the number of Common Shares to be delivered for each $1,000 principal amount of Debentures and the Current Market Price of the Common Shares on the Maturity Date; and

the Trustee shall have received an opinion of Counsel to the effect that such Common Shares have been duly authorized and, when issued and delivered pursuant to the terms of this Indenture in payment of the principal amount of the Debentures outstanding will be validly issued as fully paid and non-assessable, that conditions (i) and (ii) above have been satisfied and that, relying exclusively on certificates of good standing issued by the relevant securities authorities, condition (iii) above is satisfied, except that the opinion in respect of condition (iii) need not be expressed with respect to those provinces where certificates are not issued.

In the event that the Corporation duly exercises its Common Share Repayment Right, upon presentation and surrender of the Debentures for payment on the Maturity Date, at any place where a register is maintained pursuant to Article 3 or any other place specified in the Maturity Notice, the Corporation shall on or before 11:00 a.m. (Calgary time) on the Business Day immediately prior to the Maturity Date make the delivery to the Trustee for delivery to and on account of the holders, of certificates representing the Freely Tradeable Common Shares to which such holders are entitled. The Corporation shall also deposit with the Trustee a sum of money sufficient to pay any charges or expenses which may be incurred by the Trustee in connection with the Common Share Repayment Right. Every such deposit shall be irrevocable. From the certificates so deposited in addition to amounts payable by the Trustee pursuant to Section 2.13, the Trustee shall pay or cause to be paid, to the holders of such Debentures, upon surrender of such Debentures, the principal amount of and premium (if any) on the Debentures to which they are respectively entitled on maturity and deliver to such holders the certificates to which such holders are entitled. The delivery of such certificates to the Trustee will satisfy and discharge the liability of the Corporation for the Debentures to which the delivery of certificates relates to the extent of the amount delivered (plus the amount of any certificates sold to pay applicable taxes in accordance with this Section 4.10) and such Debentures will thereafter to that extent not be considered as outstanding under this Indenture and such holder will have no other right in regard thereto other than to receive out of the certificates so delivered, the certificate(s) to which it is entitled.

No fractional Freely Tradeable Common Shares shall be delivered upon the exercise of the Common Share Repayment Right but, in lieu thereof, the Corporation shall pay to the Trustee for the account of the holders, at the time contemplated in Section 4.10(d), the cash equivalent thereof determined on the basis of the Current Market Price of the Common Shares on the Maturity Date (less any tax required to be deducted, if any).

A holder shall be treated as the shareholder of record of the Freely Tradeable Common Shares issued on due exercise by the Corporation of its Common Share Repayment Right effective immediately after the close of business on the Maturity Date, and shall be entitled to all substitutions therefor, all income earned thereon or accretions thereto and all dividends or distributions (including distributions and dividends in kind) thereon and arising thereafter, and in the event that the Trustee receives the same, it shall hold the same in trust for the benefit of such holder.

The Corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized Common Shares (if the number thereof is or becomes limited), solely for the purpose of issue and delivery upon the exercise of the Corporation’s Common Share Repayment Right as provided herein, and shall issue to Debentureholders to whom Freely Tradeable Common Shares will be issued pursuant to exercise of the Common Share Repayment Right, such number of Freely Tradeable Common Shares as shall be issuable in such event. All Freely Tradeable Common Shares which shall be so issuable shall be duly and validly issued as fully paid and non-assessable.

The Corporation shall comply with all Applicable Securities Legislation regulating the issue and delivery of Freely Tradeable Common Shares upon exercise of the Common Share Repayment Right and shall cause to be listed and posted for trading such Freely Tradeable Common Shares on each stock exchange on which the Common Shares are then listed.

The Corporation shall from time to time promptly pay, or make provision satisfactory to the Trustee for the payment of, all taxes and charges which may be imposed by the laws of Canada or any province thereof (except income tax, withholding tax or security transfer tax, if any) which shall be payable with respect to the issuance or delivery of Freely Tradeable Common Shares to holders upon exercise of the Common Share Repayment Right pursuant to the terms of the Debentures and of this Indenture.

If the Corporation elects to satisfy its obligation to pay all or any portion of the principal amount of Debentures due on maturity together with all accrued and unpaid interest thereon by issuing Freely Tradeable Common Shares in accordance with this Section 4.10 and if the amount (or any portion thereof) to which a holder is entitled is subject to withholding taxes and the amount of the cash payment of the amount due on maturity, if any, is insufficient to satisfy such withholding taxes, the Trustee, on the Written Direction of the Corporation but for the account of the holder, shall sell, through the investment banks, brokers or dealers selected by the Corporation, out of the Freely Tradeable Common Shares issued by the Corporation for this purpose, such number of Freely Tradeable Common Shares that together with the cash component of the amount due on maturity is sufficient to yield net proceeds (after payment of all costs) to cover the amount of taxes required to be withheld, and shall remit same on behalf of the Corporation to the proper tax authorities within the period of time prescribed for this purpose under applicable laws.

Each certificate representing Freely Tradeable Common Shares issued in payment of the Debentures bearing the U.S. Legend, as well as all certificates issued in exchange for or in substitution of the foregoing securities, shall bear the U.S. Legend; provided that if the Freely Tradeable Common Shares are being sold in compliance with the requirements of Rule 904 of Regulation S, and provided that the Corporation is a “foreign issuer” within the meaning of Regulation S at the time of sale, the U.S. Legend may be removed by providing a declaration to the Trustee, as registrar and transfer agent for the Common Shares, substantially as set forth in Schedule “E” hereto (or as the Corporation or the Trustee may prescribe from time to time), together with any other evidence reasonably requested by the Corporation or Trustee, which evidence may include an opinion of counsel of recognized standing, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation or the Trustee, to the effect that the U.S. Legend is no longer required pursuant to the requirements of the 1933 Act or applicable state securities laws; and provided further that, if any such securities are being sold within the United States in accordance with Rule 144 under the 1933 Act, the U.S. Legend may be removed by delivery to the Trustee, as registrar and transfer agent for the Common Shares, of an opinion of counsel, of recognized standing, that the U.S. Legend is no longer required under applicable requirements of the 1933 Act or applicable state securities laws. Provided that the Trustee obtains confirmation from the Corporation that such counsel is satisfactory to it, it shall be entitled to rely on such opinion of counsel without further inquiry.

all Senior Indebtedness shall first be paid in full, or provision made for such payment, before any payment is made on account of Debenture Liabilities;

any payment or distribution of assets of the Corporation, whether in cash, property or securities, to which the holders of the Debentures or the Trustee on behalf of such holders would be entitled except for the provisions of this Article 5, shall be paid or delivered by the trustee in bankruptcy, receiver, assignee for the benefit of creditors, or other liquidating agent making such payment or distribution, directly to the holders of Senior Indebtedness or their representative or representatives, or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any instruments evidencing any of such Senior Indebtedness may have been issued, to the extent necessary to pay all Senior Indebtedness in full after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution, or provision therefor, to the holders of such Senior Indebtedness; and

the Senior Creditors or a receiver or a receiver-manager of the Corporation or of all or part of its assets or any other enforcement agent may sell, mortgage, or otherwise dispose of the Corporation’s assets in whole or in part, free and clear of all Debenture Liabilities and without the approval of the Debentureholders or the Trustee or any requirement to account to the Trustee or the Debentureholders.

whether or not the Senior Indebtedness is secured;

the time, sequence or order of creating, granting, executing, delivering of, or registering, perfecting or failing to register or perfect any security notice, caveat, financing statement or other notice in respect of the Senior Security;

the time or order of the attachment, perfection or crystallization of any security constituted by the Senior Security;

the taking of any collection, enforcement or realization proceedings pursuant to the Senior Security;

the date of obtaining of any judgment or order of any bankruptcy court or any court administering bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceedings as to the entitlement of the Senior Creditors, or any of them or the Debentureholders or any of them to any money or property of the Corporation;

the failure to exercise any power or remedy reserved to the Senior Creditors under the Senior Security or to insist upon a strict compliance with any terms thereof;

whether any Senior Security is now perfected, hereafter ceases to be perfected, is avoidable by any trustee in bankruptcy or like official or is otherwise set aside, invalidated or lapses;

the date of giving or failing to give notice to or making demand upon the Corporation; or

any other matter whatsoever.

The holder of a Debenture desiring to convert such Debenture in whole or in part into Common Shares shall surrender such Debenture to the Trustee at either of its principal offices in the City of Calgary, Alberta or the City of Toronto, Ontario together with the conversion notice attached hereto as Schedule “D” or any other written notice in a form satisfactory to the Trustee, in either case duly executed by the holder or his executors or administrators or other legal representatives or his or their attorney duly appointed by an instrument in writing in form and executed in a manner satisfactory to the Trustee, exercising his right to convert such Debenture in accordance with the provisions of this Article; provided that with respect to a Global Debenture, the obligation to surrender a Debenture to the Trustee shall be satisfied if the Trustee makes notation on the Global Debenture of the principal amount thereof so converted and the Trustee is provided with all other documentation which it may request. Thereupon such Debentureholder or, subject to payment of all applicable stamp or security transfer taxes or other governmental charges and compliance with all reasonable requirements of the Trustee, his nominee(s) or assignee(s) shall be entitled to be entered in the books of the Corporation as at the Date of Conversion (or such later date as is specified in Section 6.4(b)) as the holder of the number of Common Shares into which such Debenture is convertible in accordance with the provisions of this Article and, as soon as practicable thereafter, the Corporation shall deliver to such Debentureholder or, subject as aforesaid, his nominee(s) or assignee(s), a certificate or certificates for such Common Shares and make or cause to be made any payment of interest to which such holder is entitled in accordance with Section 6.4(e) hereof.

For the purposes of this Article, a Debenture shall be deemed to be surrendered for conversion on the date (herein called the “Date of Conversion”) on which it is so surrendered when the register of the Trustee is open and in accordance with the provisions of this Article or, in the case of a Global Debenture which the Trustee received notice of and all necessary documentation in respect of the exercise of the conversion rights and, in the case of a Debenture so surrendered by post or other means of transmission, on the date on which it is received by the Trustee at one of its offices specified in Section 6.4(a); provided that if a Debenture is surrendered for conversion on a day on which the register of Common Shares is closed, the person or persons entitled to receive Common Shares shall become the holder or holders of record of such Common Shares as at the date on which such registers are next reopened.

Any part, being $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof, of a Debenture in a denomination in excess of $1,000 may be converted as provided in this Article and all references in this Indenture to conversion of Debentures shall be deemed to include conversion of such parts.

The holder of any Debenture of which only a part is converted shall, upon the exercise of his right of conversion surrender such Debenture to the Trustee in accordance with Section 6.4(a), and the Trustee shall cancel the same and shall without charge forthwith certify and deliver to the holder a new Debenture or Debentures in an aggregate principal amount equal to the unconverted part of the principal amount of the Debenture so surrendered or, with respect to a Global Debenture, the Depository shall make notations on the Global Debentures of the principal amount thereof so converted.

The holder of a Debenture surrendered for conversion in accordance with this Section 6.4 shall not be entitled to receive accrued and unpaid interest in respect thereof to the Date of Conversion and the Common Shares issued upon such conversion shall rank only in respect of distributions or dividends declared in favour of shareholders of record on and after the Date of Conversion or such later date as such holder shall become the holder of record of such Common Shares pursuant to Section 6.4(b), from which applicable date they will for all purposes be and be deemed to be issued and outstanding as fully paid and non-assessable Common Shares.

If and whenever at any time prior to the Time of Expiry the Corporation shall (i) subdivide or redivide the outstanding Common Shares into a greater number of shares, (ii) reduce, combine or consolidate the outstanding Common Shares into a smaller number of shares, or (iii) issue Common Shares to the holders of all or substantially all of the outstanding Common Shares by way of a dividend or distribution (other than the issue of Common Shares to holders of Common Shares who have elected to receive dividends or distributions in the form of Common Shares in lieu of cash dividends or cash distributions paid in the ordinary course on the Common Shares), the Conversion Price in effect on the effective date of such subdivision, redivision, reduction, combination or consolidation or on the record date for such issue of Common Shares by way of a dividend or distribution, as the case may be, shall in the case of any of the events referred to in (i) and (iii) above be decreased in proportion to the number of outstanding Common Shares resulting from such subdivision, redivision or dividend, or shall, in the case of any of the events referred to in (ii) above, be increased in proportion to the number of outstanding Common Shares resulting from such reduction, combination or consolidation. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever any event referred to in this Section 6.5(a) shall occur. Any such issue of Common Shares by way of a dividend or distribution shall be deemed to have been made on the record date for the dividend or distribution for the purpose of calculating the number of outstanding Common Shares under subsections (c) and (d) of this Section 6.5.

If and whenever at any time prior to the Time of Expiry the Corporation shall fix a record date for the payment of a cash dividend or distribution to the holders of all or substantially all of the outstanding Common Shares in respect of any Applicable Period, the Conversion Price shall be adjusted immediately after such record date so that it shall be equal to the price determined by multiplying the Conversion Price in effect on such record date by a fraction, of which the denominator shall be the Current Market Price per Common Share on such record date and of which the numerator shall be the Current Market Price per Common Share on such record date minus the amount in cash per Common Share distributed to holders of Common Shares. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever such a record date is fixed. To the extent that any such cash dividend or distribution is not paid, the Conversion Price shall be re-adjusted to the Conversion Price which would then be in effect if such record date had not been fixed.

If and whenever at any time prior to the Time of Expiry the Corporation shall fix a record date for the issuance of options, rights or warrants to all or substantially all the holders of its outstanding Common Shares entitling them, for a period expiring not more than 45 days after such record date, to subscribe for or purchase Common Shares (or securities convertible into Common Shares) at a price per share (or having a conversion or exchange price per share) less than 95% of the Current Market Price of a Common Share on such record date, the Conversion Price shall be adjusted immediately after such record date so that it shall equal the price determined by multiplying the Conversion Price in effect on such record date by a fraction, of which the numerator shall be the total number of Common Shares outstanding on such record date plus a number of Common Shares equal to the number arrived at by dividing the aggregate price of the total number of additional Common Shares offered for subscription or purchase (or the aggregate conversion or exchange price of the convertible securities so offered) by such Current Market Price per Common Share, and of which the denominator shall be the total number of Common Shares outstanding on such record date plus the total number of additional Common Shares offered for subscription or purchase (or into which the convertible securities so offered are convertible). Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever such a record date is fixed. To the extent that any such options, rights or warrants are not so issued or any such options, rights or warrants are not exercised prior to the expiration thereof, the Conversion Price shall be re-adjusted to the Conversion Price which would then be in effect if such record date had not been fixed or to the Conversion Price which would then be in effect based upon the number of Common Shares (or securities convertible into Common Shares) actually issued upon the exercise of such options, rights or warrants were included in such fraction, as the case may be.

If and whenever at any time prior to the Time of Expiry, there is a reclassification of the Common Shares or a capital reorganization of the Corporation other than as described in Section 6.5(a) or a consolidation, amalgamation, arrangement, binding share exchange, merger of the Corporation with or into any other Person or other entity or acquisition of the Corporation or other combination pursuant to which the Common Shares are converted into or acquired for cash, securities or other property; or a sale or conveyance of the property and assets of the Corporation as an entirety or substantially as an entirety to any other Person (other than a direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Corporation) or other entity or a liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Corporation, any holder of a Debenture who has not exercised its right of conversion prior to the effective date of such reclassification, capital reorganization, consolidation, amalgamation, arrangement, merger, share exchange, acquisition, combination, sale or conveyance or liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, upon the exercise of such right thereafter, shall be entitled to receive and shall accept, in lieu of the number of Common Shares then sought to be acquired by it, such amount of cash or the number of shares or other securities or property of the Corporation or of the Person or other entity resulting from such merger, amalgamation, arrangement, acquisition, combination or consolidation, or to which such sale or conveyance may be made or which holders of Common Shares receive pursuant to such liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, as the case may be, that such holder of a Debenture would have been entitled to receive on such reclassification, capital reorganization, consolidation, amalgamation, arrangement, merger, share exchange, acquisition, combination, sale or conveyance or liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, if, on the record date or the effective date thereof, as the case may be, the holder had been the registered holder of the number of Common Shares sought to be acquired by it and to which it was entitled to acquire upon the exercise of the conversion right. If determined appropriate by the Board of Directors, to give effect to or to evidence the provisions of this Section 6.5(d), the Corporation, its successor, or such purchasing Person or other entity, as the case may be, shall, prior to or contemporaneously with any such reclassification, capital reorganization, consolidation, amalgamation, arrangement, merger, share exchange, acquisition, combination, sale or conveyance or liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, enter into an indenture which shall provide, to the extent possible, for the application of the provisions set forth in this Indenture with respect to the rights and interests thereafter of the holder of Debentures to the end that the provisions set forth in this Indenture shall thereafter correspondingly be made applicable, as nearly as may reasonably be, with respect to any cash, shares or other securities or property to which a holder of Debentures is entitled on the exercise of its acquisition rights thereafter. Any indenture entered into between the Corporation and the Trustee pursuant to the provisions of this Section 6.5(d) shall be a supplemental indenture entered into pursuant to the provisions of Article 16. Any indenture entered into between the Corporation, any successor to the Corporation or such purchasing Person or other entity and the Trustee shall provide for adjustments which shall be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided in this Section 6.5(d) and which shall apply to successive reclassifications, capital reorganizations, amalgamations, consolidations, mergers, share exchanges, acquisitions, combinations, sales or conveyances. For greater certainty, nothing in this Section 6.5(d) shall affect or reduce the requirement for any Person to make a Change of Control Purchase Offer or to pay the Make Whole Premium in accordance with Section 2.4, and notice of any transaction to which this Section 6.5(d) applies shall be given in accordance with Section 6.10.

If the Corporation shall make a distribution to all holders of Common Shares of shares in the capital of the Corporation, other than Common Shares, or evidences of indebtedness or other assets of the Corporation, including securities (but excluding (x) any issuance of rights or warrants for which an adjustment was made pursuant to Section 6.5(c), and (y) any dividend or distribution paid exclusively in cash for which an adjustment was made pursuant to Section 6.5(b)) (the “Distributed Securities”), then in each such case (unless the Corporation distributes such Distributed Securities to the holders of Debentures on such dividend or distribution date (as if each holder had converted such Debenture into Common Shares immediately preceding the record date with respect to such distribution)) the Conversion Price in effect immediately preceding the ex-distribution date fixed for the dividend or distribution shall be adjusted so that the same shall equal the price determined by multiplying the Conversion Price in effect immediately preceding such ex-distribution date by a fraction of which the denominator shall be the 5 day VWAP for the Common Shares immediately prior to the ex-distribution date and of which the numerator shall be the 5 day VWAP for the Common Shares for the first 5 trading days that occur immediately post the ex-distribution date. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever any such distribution is made and shall become effective 5 Business Days immediately after the ex-distribution date. In the event that such dividend or distribution is not so paid or made, the Conversion Price shall again be adjusted to be the Conversion Price that would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared.

If any issuer bid made by the Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries for all or any portion of Common Shares shall expire, then, if the issuer bid shall require the payment to shareholders of consideration per Common Share having a fair market value (determined as provided below) that exceeds the Current Market Price per Common Share on the last date (the “Expiration Date”) tenders could have been made pursuant to such issuer bid (as it may be amended) (the last time at which such tenders could have been made on the Expiration Date is hereinafter sometimes called the “Expiration Time”), the Conversion Price shall be adjusted so that the same shall equal the rate determined by multiplying the Conversion Price in effect immediately preceding the close of business on the Expiration Date by a fraction of which (i) the denominator shall be the sum of (A) the fair market value of the aggregate consideration (the fair market value as determined by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be conclusive evidence of such fair market value and which shall be evidenced by an Officers’ Certificate delivered to the Trustee) payable to shareholders based on the acceptance (up to any maximum specified in the terms of the issuer bid) of all Common Shares validly tendered and not withdrawn as of the Expiration Time (the Common Shares deemed so accepted, up to any such maximum, being referred to as the “Purchased Common Shares”) and (B) the product of the number of Common Shares outstanding (less any Purchased Common Shares and excluding any Common Shares held in the treasury of the Corporation) at the Expiration Time and the Current Market Price per Common Share on the Expiration Date and (ii) the numerator of which shall be the product of the number of Common Shares outstanding (including Purchased Common Shares but excluding any Common Shares held in the treasury of the Corporation) at the Expiration Time multiplied by the Current Market Price per Common Share on the Expiration Date, such increase to become effective immediately preceding the opening of business on the day following the Expiration Date. In the event that the Corporation is obligated to purchase Common Shares pursuant to any such issuer bid, but the Corporation is permanently prevented by applicable law from effecting any or all such purchases or any or all such purchases are rescinded, the Conversion Price shall again be adjusted to be the Conversion Price which would have been in effect based upon the number of Common Shares actually purchased, if any. If the application of this clause (f) of Section 6.5 to any issuer bid would result in a decrease in the Conversion Price, no adjustment shall be made for such issuer bid under this clause (f).

In any case in which this Section 6.5 shall require that an adjustment shall become effective immediately after a record date for an event referred to herein, the Corporation may defer, until the occurrence of such event, issuing to the holder of any Debenture converted after such record date and before the occurrence of such event the additional Common Shares issuable upon such conversion by reason of the adjustment required by such event before giving effect to such adjustment; provided, however, that the Corporation shall deliver to such holder an appropriate instrument evidencing such holder’s right to receive such additional Common Shares upon the occurrence of the event requiring such adjustment and the right to receive any distributions made on such additional Common Shares declared in favour of holders of record of Common Shares on and after the Date of Conversion or such later date as such holder would, but for the provisions of this Section 6.5(g), have become the holder of record of such additional Common Shares pursuant to Section 6.4(b).

The adjustments provided for in this Section 6.5 are cumulative and shall apply to successive subdivisions, redivisions, reductions, combinations, consolidations, distributions, issues or other events resulting in any adjustment under the provisions of this Section, provided that, notwithstanding any other provision of this Section, no adjustment of the Conversion Price shall be required unless such adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least 1% in the Conversion Price then in effect; provided however, that any adjustments which by reason of this Section 6.5(h) are not required to be made shall be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment.

For the purpose of calculating the number of Common Shares outstanding, Common Shares owned by or for the benefit of the Corporation shall not be counted.

In the event of any question arising with respect to the adjustments provided in this Section 6.5, such question shall be conclusively determined by a firm of nationally recognized chartered accountants appointed by the Corporation and acceptable to the Trustee (who may be the Auditors of the Corporation); such accountants shall have access to all necessary records of the Corporation and such determination shall be binding upon the Corporation, the Trustee, and the Debentureholders.

In case the Corporation shall take any action affecting the Common Shares other than action described in this Section 6.5, which in the opinion of the Board of Directors, would materially affect the rights of Debentureholders, the Conversion Price shall be adjusted in such manner and at such time, by action of the Board of Directors, subject to the prior written consent of the Toronto Stock Exchange or such other exchange on which the Debentures are then listed, as the Board of Directors, in their sole discretion may determine to be equitable in the circumstances. Failure of the directors to make such an adjustment shall be conclusive evidence that they have determined that it is equitable to make no adjustment in the circumstances.

Subject to the prior written consent of the Toronto Stock Exchange or such other exchange on which the Debentures are then listed, no adjustment in the Conversion Price shall be made in respect of any event described in Sections 6.5(a), 6.5(b), 6.5(c), 6.5(e) or 6.5(f) other than the events described in 6.5(a)(i) or 6.5(a)(ii) if the holders of the Debentures are entitled to participate in such event on the same terms mutatis mutandis as if they had converted their Debentures prior to the effective date or record date, as the case may be, of such event.

Except as stated above in this Section 6.5, no adjustment will be made in the Conversion Price for any Debentures as a result of the issuance of Common Shares at less than the Current Market Price for such Common Shares on the date of issuance or the then applicable Conversion Price.

shall not at any time be under any duty or responsibility to any Debentureholder to determine whether any facts exist which may require any adjustment in the Conversion Price, or with respect to the nature or extent of any such adjustment when made, or with respect to the method employed in making the same;

shall not be accountable with respect to the validity or value (or the kind or amount) of any Common Shares or of any shares or other securities or property which may at any time be issued or delivered upon the conversion of any Debenture; and

shall not be responsible for any failure of the Corporation to make any cash payment or to issue, transfer or deliver Common Shares or share certificates upon the surrender of any Debenture for the purpose of conversion, or to comply with any of the covenants contained in this Article.

Each certificate representing Common Shares issued upon conversion of Debentures bearing the U.S. Legend shall have imprinted or otherwise reproduced thereon such legend or legends in substantially the form of Schedule “G” attached hereto.

failure for 30 days to pay interest on the Debentures when due;

failure to pay principal or premium, if any, when due on the Debentures whether at maturity, upon redemption or a Change of Control, by declaration or otherwise;

default in the delivery, when due, of any Common Shares or other consideration, including any Make Whole Premium, payable on conversion with respect to the Debentures, which default continues for 15 days;

default in the observance or performance of any covenant or condition of the Indenture by the Corporation and the failure to cure (or obtain a waiver for) such default for a period of 30 days after notice in writing has been given by the Trustee or from holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Debentures to the Corporation specifying such default and requiring the Corporation to rectify such default or obtain a waiver for same;

if a decree or order of a Court having jurisdiction is entered adjudging the Corporation a bankrupt or insolvent under the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) or any other bankruptcy, insolvency or analogous laws, or issuing sequestration or process of execution against, or against any substantial part of, the property of the Corporation, or appointing a receiver of, or of any substantial part of, the property of the Corporation or ordering the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs, and any such decree or order continues unstayed and in effect for a period of 60 days;

if the Corporation institutes proceedings to be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or consents to the institution of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings against it under the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada) or any other bankruptcy, insolvency or analogous laws, or consents to the filing of any such petition or to the appointment of a receiver of, or of any substantial part of, the property of the Corporation or makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or admits in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due;

if a resolution is passed for the winding-up or liquidation of the Corporation except in the course of carrying out or pursuant to a transaction in respect of which the conditions of Section 11.1 are duly observed and performed; or

if, after the date of this Indenture, any proceedings with respect to the Corporation are taken with respect to a compromise or arrangement, with respect to creditors of the Corporation generally, under the applicable legislation of any jurisdiction;

the holders of the Debentures shall have the power (in addition to the powers exercisable by Extraordinary Resolution as hereinafter provided) by requisition in writing by the holders of more than 50% of the principal amount of Debentures then outstanding, to instruct the Trustee to waive any Event of Default and to cancel any declaration made by the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.1 and the Trustee shall thereupon waive the Event of Default and cancel such declaration, or either, upon such terms and conditions as shall be prescribed in such requisition; provided that notwithstanding the foregoing if the Event of Default has occurred by reason of the non-observance or non-performance by the Corporation of any covenant applicable only to one or more series of Debentures, then the holders of more than 50% of the principal amount of the outstanding Debentures of that series shall be entitled to exercise the foregoing power and the Trustee shall so act and it shall not be necessary to obtain a waiver from the holders of any other series of Debentures; and

the Trustee, so long as it has not become bound to declare the principal and interest on the Debentures then outstanding to be due and payable, or to obtain or enforce payment of the same, shall have power to waive any Event of Default if, in the Trustee’s opinion, the same shall have been cured or adequate satisfaction made therefor, and in such event to cancel any such declaration theretofore made by the Trustee in the exercise of its discretion, upon such terms and conditions as the Trustee may deem advisable.

Except as herein otherwise expressly provided, any monies received by the Trustee from the Corporation pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this Article 8, or as a result of legal or other proceedings or from any trustee in bankruptcy or liquidator of the Corporation, shall be applied, together with any other monies in the hands of the Trustee available for such purpose, as follows:

first, in payment or in reimbursement to the Trustee of its compensation, costs, charges, expenses, borrowings, advances or other monies furnished or provided by or at the instance of the Trustee in or about the execution of its trusts under, or otherwise in relation to, this Indenture, with interest thereon as herein provided;

second, but subject as hereinafter in this Section 8.6 provided, in payment, rateably and proportionately to the holders of Debentures, of the principal of and premium (if any) and accrued and unpaid interest and interest on amounts in default on the Debentures which shall then be outstanding in the priority of principal first and then premium and then accrued and unpaid interest and interest on amounts in default unless otherwise directed by Extraordinary Resolution and in that case in such order or priority as between principal, premium (if any) and interest as may be directed by such resolution; and

third, in payment of the surplus, if any, of such monies to the Corporation or its assigns;

The Trustee shall not be bound to apply or make any partial or interim payment of any monies coming into its hands if the amount so received by it, after reserving thereout such amount as the Trustee may think necessary to provide for the payments mentioned in Section 8.6(a), is insufficient to make a distribution of at least 2% of the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Debentures, but it may retain the money so received by it and invest or deposit the same as provided in Section 15.9 until the money or the investments representing the same, with the income derived therefrom, together with any other monies for the time being under its control shall be sufficient for the said purpose or until it shall consider it advisable to apply the same in the manner hereinbefore set forth. The foregoing shall, however, not apply to a final payment in distribution hereunder.

the Corporation shall be entitled to pay or deliver to the Trustee and direct it to set aside; or

in respect of monies or Common Shares in the hands of the Trustee which may or should be applied to the payment of the Debentures, the Corporation shall be entitled to direct the Trustee to set aside; or

if the redemption was pursuant to notice given by the Trustee, the Trustee may itself set aside;

The Corporation shall be deemed to have fully paid, satisfied and discharged all of the outstanding Debentures of any series and the Trustee, at the expense of the Corporation, shall execute and deliver proper instruments acknowledging the full payment, satisfaction and discharge of such Debentures, when, with respect to all of the outstanding Debentures or all of the outstanding Debentures of any series, as applicable:

the Corporation has deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds or property in trust for the purpose of making payment on such Debentures, an amount in money or Common Shares, if applicable, sufficient to pay, satisfy and discharge the entire amount of principal of, premium, if any, and interest, if any, to maturity, or any repayment date or Redemption Dates, or any Change of Control Purchase Date, or upon conversion or otherwise as the case may be, of such Debentures (including the maximum amount that may be payable as a Make Whole Premium);

the Corporation has deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust property in trust for the purpose of making payment on such Debentures:

if the Debentures are issued in Canadian dollars, such amount in Canadian dollars of direct obligations of, or obligations the principal and interest of which are guaranteed by, the Government of Canada or Common Shares, if applicable; or

if the Debentures are issued in a currency or currency unit other than Canadian dollars, cash in the currency or currency unit in which the Debentures are payable and/or such amount in such currency or currency unit of direct obligations of, or obligations the principal and interest of which are guaranteed by, the Government of Canada or the government that issued the currency or currency unit in which the Debentures are payable or Common Shares, if applicable;

all Debentures authenticated and delivered (other than (A) Debentures which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.9 and (B) Debentures for whose payment has been deposited in trust and thereafter repaid to the Corporation as provided in Section 9.3) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;

the Corporation has paid, caused to be paid or made provisions to the satisfaction of the Trustee for the payment of all other sums payable or which may be payable (including the maximum amount that may be payable as a Make Whole Premium) with respect to all of such Debentures (together with all applicable expenses of the Trustee in connection with the payment of such Debentures); and

the Corporation has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that all conditions precedent herein provided relating to the payment, satisfaction and discharge of all such Debentures have been complied with.

Upon the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in this Section 9.5 with respect to all the outstanding Debentures, or all the outstanding Debentures of any series, as applicable, the terms and conditions of the Debentures, including the terms and conditions with respect thereto set forth in this Indenture (other than those contained in Articles Article 2 and Article 4 and the provisions of Article 1 pertaining to Articles Article 2 and Article 4) shall no longer be binding upon or applicable to the Corporation.

Any funds or obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to this Section 9.5 shall be denominated in the currency or denomination of the Debentures in respect of which such deposit is made.

If the Trustee is unable to apply any money or securities in accordance with this Section 9.5 by reason of any legal proceeding or any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, the Corporation’s obligations under this Indenture and the affected Debentures shall be revived and reinstated as though no money or securities had been deposited pursuant to this Section 9.5 until such time as the Trustee is permitted to apply all such money or securities in accordance with this Section 9.5, provided that if the Corporation has made any payment in respect of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on Debentures or, as applicable, other amounts because of the reinstatement of its obligations, the Corporation shall be subrogated to the rights of the holders of such Debentures to receive such payment from the money or securities held by the Trustee.

Where trust funds or trust property have been deposited pursuant to Section 9.5, the holders of Debentures and the Corporation shall continue to have and be subject to their respective rights, duties and obligations under Article 2 and Article 4.

In the event that, after the deposit of trust funds or trust property pursuant to Section 9.5 in respect of a series of Debentures (the “Defeased Debentures”), any holder of any of the Defeased Debentures from time to time converts its Debentures to Common Shares or other securities of the Corporation in accordance with Subsection 2.4(d) (in respect of Initial Debentures or the comparable provision of any other series of Debentures), Article 6 or any other provision of this Indenture, the Trustee shall upon receipt of a Written Direction of the Corporation return to the Corporation from time to time the proportionate amount of the trust funds or other trust property deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 9.5 in respect of the Defeased Debentures which is applicable to the Defeased Debentures so converted (which amount shall be based on the applicable principal amount of the Defeased Debentures being converted in relation to the aggregate outstanding principal amount of all the Defeased Debentures).

In the event that, after the deposit of trust funds or trust property pursuant to Section 9.5, the Corporation is required to make a Change of Control Purchase Offer to purchase any outstanding Debentures pursuant to Subsection 2.4(j) (in respect of Initial Debentures or the comparable provision of any other series of Debentures), in relation to Initial Debentures or to make an offer to purchase Debentures pursuant to any other similar provisions relating to any other series of Debentures, the Corporation shall be entitled to use any trust money or trust property deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 9.5 for the purpose of paying to any holders of Defeased Debentures who have accepted any such offer of the Corporation the Total Offer Price payable to such holders in respect of such Change of Control Purchase Offer in respect of Initial Debentures (or the total offer price payable in respect of an offer relating to any other series of Debentures). Upon receipt of a Written Direction from the Corporation, the Trustee shall be entitled to pay to such holder from such trust money or trust property deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 9.5 in respect of the Defeased Debentures which is applicable to the Defeased Debentures held by such holders who have accepted any such offer to the Corporation (which amount shall be based on the applicable principal amount of the Defeased Debentures held by accepting offerees in relation to the aggregate outstanding principal amount of all the Defeased Debentures).

Provided that the Corporation is not in default under this Indenture and that all applicable regulatory approvals have been obtained (including any required approval of any stock exchange on which the Debentures or Common Shares are then listed), the Corporation shall have the right, from time to time (including following conversion, at the time of redemption, or at the time of maturity), to make a Common Share Interest Payment Election in respect of any Interest Obligation by delivering a Common Share Interest Payment Election Notice to the Trustee no later than the earlier of (i) the date required by applicable law or the rules of any stock exchange on which the Debentures or Common Shares are then listed, and (ii) the day which is 15 Business Days prior to the Interest Payment Date to which the Common Share Interest Payment Election relates. Such Common Share Interest Payment Election Notice shall provide that all or a portion of the Interest Obligation may be paid by the Corporation in Common Shares, and if only a portion of the Interest Obligation is to be paid in Common Shares, the Common Share Interest Payment Election shall state such portion to be paid in Common Shares and such portion to be paid in cash.

Upon receipt of a Common Share Interest Payment Election Notice, the Trustee shall, in accordance with this Article 10 and such Common Share Interest Payment Election Notice, deliver Common Share Bid Requests to the investment banks, brokers or dealers identified by the Corporation, in its absolute discretion, in the Common Share Interest Payment Election Notice. In connection with the Common Share Interest Payment Election, the Trustee shall: (i) accept delivery of the Common Shares from the Corporation and process the Common Shares in accordance with the Common Share Interest Payment Election Notice; (ii) accept bids with respect to, and consummate sales of, such Common Shares, each as the Corporation shall direct in its absolute discretion through the investment banks, brokers or dealers identified by the Corporation in the Common Share Interest Payment Election Notice; (iii) invest the proceeds of such sales on the direction of the Corporation in Government Obligations which mature prior to an applicable Interest Payment Date and use such proceeds to pay the Interest Obligation in respect of which the Common Share Interest Payment Election was made; and (iv) perform any other action necessarily incidental thereto as directed by the Corporation in its absolute discretion. The Common Share Interest Payment Election Notice shall direct the Trustee to solicit and accept only, and each Common Share Bid Request shall provide that the acceptance of any bid is conditional on the acceptance of, sufficient bids to result in aggregate proceeds from such issue and sale of Common Shares which, together with the cash payments by the Corporation in lieu of fractional Common Shares, if any, equal the Interest Obligation on the Common Share Delivery Date.

The Common Share Interest Payment Election Notice shall provide for, and all bids shall be subject to, the right of the Corporation, by delivering written notice to the Trustee at any time prior to the consummation of such delivery and sale of the Common Shares on the Common Share Delivery Date, to withdraw the Common Share Interest Payment Election (which shall have the effect of withdrawing each related Common Share Bid Request), whereupon the Corporation shall be obliged to pay in cash the Interest Obligation in respect of which the Common Share Interest Payment Election Notice has been delivered.

Any sale of Common Shares pursuant to this Article 10 may be made to one or more Persons whose bids are solicited, but all such sales with respect to a particular Common Share Interest Payment Election shall take place concurrently on the Common Share Delivery Date.

The amount received by a holder of a Debenture in respect of the Interest Obligation or the entitlement thereto will not be affected by whether or not the Corporation elects to satisfy the Interest Obligation pursuant to a Common Share Interest Payment Election.

The Trustee shall inform the Corporation promptly following receipt of any bid or bids for Common Shares solicited pursuant to the Common Share Bid Requests. The Trustee shall accept such bid or bids as the Corporation, in its absolute discretion, shall direct by Written Direction of the Corporation, provided that the aggregate proceeds of all sales of Common Shares resulting from the acceptance of such bids, together with the amount of any cash payment by the Corporation in lieu of any fractional Common Shares, on the Common Share Delivery Date, must be equal to the related Common Share Interest Payment Election Amount in connection with any bids so accepted, the Corporation, the Trustee (if required by the Corporation in its absolute discretion) and the applicable bidders shall, not later than the Common Share Delivery Date, enter into Common Share Purchase Agreements and shall comply with all Applicable Securities Legislation, including the securities rules and regulations of any stock exchange on which the Debentures or Common Shares are then listed. The Corporation shall pay all fees and expenses in connection with the Common Share Purchase Agreements including the fees and commissions charged by the investment banks, brokers and dealers and the fees of the Trustee.

Provided that: (i) all conditions specified in each Common Share Purchase Agreement to the closing of all sales thereunder have been satisfied, other than the delivery of the Common Shares to be sold thereunder against payment of the purchase price thereof; and (ii) the purchasers under each Common Share Purchase Agreement shall be ready, willing and able to perform thereunder, in each case on the Common Share Delivery Date, the Corporation shall, on the Common Share Delivery Date, deliver to the Trustee the Common Shares to be sold on such date, an amount in cash equal to the value of any fractional Common Shares and an Officers’ Certificate to the effect that all conditions precedent to such sales, including those set forth in

The Trustee shall, on the Common Share Delivery Date, use the sale proceeds of the Common Shares (together with any cash received from the Corporation in lieu of any fractional Common Shares) to purchase, on the direction of the Corporation in writing, Government Obligations which mature prior to the applicable Interest Payment Date and which the Trustee is required to hold until maturity (the “Common Share Proceeds Investment”) and shall, on such date, deposit the balance, if any, of such sale proceeds in an account established by the Corporation (and which shall be maintained by and subject to the control of the Trustee) (the “Interest Account”) for such Debentures. The Trustee shall hold such Common Share Proceeds Investment (but not income earned thereon) under its exclusive control in an irrevocable trust for the benefit of the holders of the Debentures. At least one Business Day prior to the Interest Payment Date, the Trustee shall deposit amounts from the proceeds of the Common Share Proceeds Investment in the Interest Account to bring the balance of the Interest Account to the Common Share Interest Payment Election Amount. On the Interest Payment Date, the Trustee shall pay the funds held in the Interest Account to the holders of record of the Debentures on the Interest Payment Date (less any tax required to be deducted, if any) and, provided that there is no Event of Default, shall remit amounts, if any, in respect of income earned on the Common Share Proceeds Investment or otherwise in excess of the Common Share Interest Payment Election Amount to the Corporation.

Neither the making of a Common Share Payment Election nor the consummation of sales of Common Shares on a Common Share Delivery Date shall (i) result in the holders of the Debentures not being entitled to receive on the applicable Interest Payment Date cash in an aggregate amount equal to the Interest Obligation payable on such date or (ii) entitle such holders to receive any Common Shares in satisfaction of such Interest Obligation.

No fractional Common Shares will be issued in satisfaction of interest but in lieu thereof the Corporation will satisfy such fractional interest by a cash payment equal to the market price of such fractional interest (less any tax required to be deducted, if any).

The Corporation may not, without the consent of the holders, consolidate with or amalgamate or merge with or into any Person (other than a directly or indirectly wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Corporation) or sell, convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Corporation to another Person (other than a directly or indirectly wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Corporation) unless:

the Person formed by such consolidation or into which the Corporation is amalgamated or merged, or the Person which acquires by sale, conveyance, transfer or lease all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Corporation is a corporation, organized and existing under the laws of Canada or any province or territory thereof or the laws of the United States or any state thereof and such corporation (if other than the Corporation or the continuing corporation resulting from the amalgamation of the Corporation with another corporation under the laws of Canada or any province or territory thereof) expressly assumes, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, the obligations of the Corporation under the Debentures and this Indenture and the performance or observance of every covenant and provision of this Indenture and the Debentures required on the part of the Corporation to be performed or observed and the conversion rights shall be provided for in accordance with Article 4, by supplemental indenture satisfactory in form to the Trustee, executed and delivered to the Trustee, by the Person (if other than the Corporation or the continuing corporation resulting from the amalgamation of the Corporation with another corporation under the laws of Canada or any province or territory thereof) formed by such consolidation or into which the Corporation shall have been merged or by the Person which shall have acquired the Corporation’s assets;

after giving effect to such transaction, no Event of Default, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing; and

if the Corporation or the continuing corporation resulting from the amalgamation or merger of the Corporation with another Person under the laws of Canada or any province or territory thereof or the laws of the United States or any state thereof will not be the resulting, continuing or surviving corporation, the Corporation shall have, at or prior to the effective date of such consolidation, amalgamation, merger or sale, conveyance, transfer or lease, delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger or transfer complies with this Article and, if a supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction, such supplemental indenture complies with this Article, and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction have been complied with.

For purposes of the foregoing, the sale, conveyance, transfer or lease (in a single transaction or a series of related transactions) of the properties or assets of one or more Subsidiaries of the Corporation (other than to the Corporation or another wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Corporation), which, if such properties or assets were directly owned by the Corporation, would constitute all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Corporation and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, shall be deemed to be the sale, conveyance, transfer or lease of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Corporation.

“Affiliate” and “Associate” shall have their respective meanings set forth in the Securities Act (Alberta);

“Dissenting Debentureholders” means a Debentureholder who does not accept an Offer referred to in Section 12.2 and includes any assignee of the Debenture of a Debentureholder to whom such an Offer is made, whether or not such assignee is recognized under this Indenture;

“Offer” means an offer to acquire outstanding Debentures, which is a takeover bid for Debentures within the meaning ascribed thereto in MI 62-104, where as of the date of the offer to acquire, the Debentures that are subject to the offer to acquire, together with the Offeror’s Debentures, constitute in the aggregate 20% or more of the outstanding principal amount of the Debentures;

“offer to acquire” includes an acceptance of an offer to sell;

“Offeror” means a person, or two or more persons acting jointly or in concert, who make an Offer to acquire Debentures;

“Offeror’s Debentures” means Debentures beneficially owned, or over which control or direction is exercised, on the date of an Offer by the Offeror, any Affiliate or Associate of the Offeror or any person or company acting jointly or in concert with the Offeror; and

“Offeror’s Notice” means the notice described in Section 12.3.

within the time provided in the Offer for its acceptance or within 120 days after the date the Offer is made, whichever period is the shorter, the Offer is accepted by Debentureholders representing at least 90% of the outstanding principal amount of the Debentures, other than the Offeror’s Debentures;

the Offeror is bound to take up and pay for, or has taken up and paid for the Debentures of the Debentureholders who accepted the Offer; and

the Offeror complies with Sections 12.3 and 12.5;

Debentureholders holding at least 90% of the principal amount of all outstanding Debentures, other than Offeror’s Debentures, have accepted the Offer;

the Offeror is bound to take up and pay for, or has taken up and paid for, the Debentures of the Debentureholders who accepted the Offer;

Dissenting Debentureholders must transfer their respective Debentures to the Offeror on the terms on which the Offeror acquired the Debentures of the Debentureholders who accepted the Offer within 21 days after the date of the sending of the Offeror’s Notice; and

Dissenting Debentureholders must send their respective Debenture certificate(s) to the Trustee within 21 days after the date of the sending of the Offeror’s Notice.

do all acts and things and execute and cause to be executed all instruments as in the Trustee’s opinion may be necessary or desirable to cause the transfer of the Debentures of the Dissenting Debentureholders to the Offeror;

send to each Dissenting Debentureholder who has complied with Section 12.4 the consideration to which such Dissenting Debentureholder is entitled under this Article 12; and

send to each Dissenting Debentureholder who has not complied with Section 12.4 a notice stating that:

his or her Debentures have been transferred to the Offeror;

the Trustee or some other person designated in such notice are holding in trust the consideration for such Debentures; and

the Trustee, or such other person, will send the consideration to such Dissenting Debentureholder as soon as possible after receiving such Dissenting Debentureholder’s Debenture certificate(s) or such other documents as the Trustee or such other person may require in lieu thereof;

At least 21 days notice of any meeting shall be given to the Debentureholders in the manner provided in Section 14.2 and a copy of such notice shall be sent by post to the Trustee, unless the meeting has been called by it. Such notice shall state the time when and the place where the meeting is to be held and shall state briefly the general nature of the business to be transacted thereat and it shall not be necessary for any such notice to set out the terms of any resolution to be proposed or any of the provisions of this Article. The accidental omission to give notice of a meeting to any holder of Debentures shall not invalidate any resolution passed at any such meeting. A holder may waive notice of a meeting either before or after the meeting.

If the business to be transacted at any meeting by Extraordinary Resolution or otherwise, or any action to be taken or power exercised by instrument in writing under Section 13.15, especially affects the rights of holders of Debentures of one or more series in a manner or to an extent differing in any material way from that in or to which the rights of holders of Debentures of any other series are affected (determined as provided in Sections 13.2(c) and (d)), then:

a reference to such fact, indicating each series of Debentures in the opinion of the Trustee so especially affected (hereinafter referred to as the “especially affected series”) shall be made in the notice of such meeting, and in any such case the meeting shall be and be deemed to be and is herein referred to as a “Serial Meeting” ; and

the holders of Debentures of an especially affected series shall not be bound by any action taken at a Serial Meeting or by instrument in writing under Section 13.15 unless in addition to compliance with the other provisions of this Article 13:

at such Serial Meeting: (I) there are Debentureholders present in person or by proxy and representing at least 25% in principal amount of the Debentures then outstanding of such series, subject to the provisions of this Article 13 as to quorum at adjourned meetings; and (II) the resolution is passed by the affirmative vote of the holders of more than 50% (or in the case of an Extraordinary Resolution not less than 66²/₃%) of the principal amount of the Debentures of such series then outstanding voted on the resolution; or

in the case of action taken or power exercised by instrument in writing under Section 13.15, such instrument is signed in one or more counterparts by the holders of not less than 66²/₃% in principal amount of the Debentures of such series then outstanding.

Subject to Section 13.2(d), the determination as to whether any business to be transacted at a meeting of Debentureholders, or any action to be taken or power to be exercised by instrument in writing under Section 13.15, especially affects the rights of the Debentureholders of one or more series in a manner or to an extent differing in any material way from that in or to which it affects the rights of Debentureholders of any other series (and is therefore an especially affected series) shall be determined by an opinion of Counsel, which shall be binding on all Debentureholders, the Trustee and the Corporation for all purposes hereof.

A proposal:

to extend the maturity of Debentures of any particular series or to reduce the principal amount thereof, the rate of interest or redemption premium thereon or to impair any conversion right thereof;

to modify or terminate any covenant or agreement which by its terms is effective only so long as Debentures of a particular series are outstanding; or

to reduce with respect to Debentureholders of any particular series any percentage stated in this Section 13.2 or Section 13.4, 13.12 and 13.15;

the form of the instrument appointing a proxy, which shall be in writing, and the manner in which the same shall be executed and the production of the authority of any person signing on behalf of a Debentureholder;

the deposit of instruments appointing proxies at such place as the Trustee, the Corporation or the Debentureholder convening the meeting, as the case may be, may, in the notice convening the meeting, direct and the time, if any, before the holding of the meeting or any adjournment thereof by which the same must be deposited; and

the deposit of instruments appointing proxies at some approved place or places other than the place at which the meeting is to be held and enabling particulars of such instruments appointing proxies to be mailed, faxed, cabled, telegraphed or sent by other electronic means before the meeting to the Corporation or to the Trustee at the place where the same is to be held and for the voting of proxies so deposited as though the instruments themselves were produced at the meeting.

power to authorize the Trustee to grant extensions of time for payment of any principal, premium or interest on the Debentures, whether or not the principal, premium, or interest, the payment of which is extended, is at the time due or overdue;

power to sanction any modification, abrogation, alteration, compromise or arrangement of the rights of the Debentureholders or the Trustee against the Corporation, or against its property, whether such rights arise under this Indenture or the Debentures or otherwise;

power to assent to any modification of or change in or addition to or omission from the provisions contained in this Indenture or any Debenture which shall be agreed to by the Corporation and to authorize the Trustee to concur in and execute any indenture supplemental hereto embodying any modification, change, addition or omission;

power to sanction any scheme for the reconstruction, reorganization or recapitalization of the Corporation or for the consolidation, amalgamation, arrangement, combination or merger of the Corporation with any other Person or for the sale, leasing, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of the undertaking, property and assets of the Corporation or any part thereof, provided that no such sanction shall be necessary in respect of any such transaction if the provisions of Section 11.1 shall have been complied with;

power to direct or authorize the Trustee to exercise any power, right, remedy or authority given to it by this Indenture in any manner specified in any such Extraordinary Resolution or to refrain from exercising any such power, right, remedy or authority;

power to waive, and direct the Trustee to waive, any default hereunder and/or cancel any declaration made by the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.1 either unconditionally or upon any condition specified in such Extraordinary Resolution;

power to restrain any Debentureholder from taking or instituting any suit, action or proceeding for the purpose of enforcing payment of the principal, premium or interest on the Debentures, or for the execution of any trust or power hereunder;

power to direct any Debentureholder who, as such, has brought any action, suit or proceeding to stay or discontinue or otherwise deal with the same upon payment, if the taking of such suit, action or proceeding shall have been permitted by Section 8.5, of the costs, charges and expenses reasonably and properly incurred by such Debentureholder in connection therewith;

power to assent to any compromise or arrangement with any creditor or creditors or any class or classes of creditors, whether secured or otherwise, and with holders of any shares or other securities of the Corporation;

power to appoint a committee with power and authority (subject to such limitations, if any, as may be prescribed in the resolution) to exercise, and to direct the Trustee to exercise, on behalf of the Debentureholders, such of the powers of the Debentureholders as are exercisable by Extraordinary Resolution or other resolution as shall be included in the resolution appointing the committee. The resolution making such appointment may provide for payment of the expenses and disbursements of and compensation to such committee. Such committee shall consist of such number of persons as shall be prescribed in the resolution appointing it and the members need not be themselves Debentureholders. Every such committee may elect its chairman and may make regulations respecting its quorum, the calling of its meetings, the filling of vacancies occurring in its number and its procedure generally. Such regulations may provide that the committee may act at a meeting at which a quorum is present or may act by minutes signed by the number of members thereof necessary to constitute a quorum. All acts of any such committee within the authority delegated to it shall be binding upon all Debentureholders. Neither the committee nor any member thereof shall be liable for any loss arising from or in connection with any action taken or omitted to be taken by them in good faith;

power to remove the Trustee from office and to appoint a new Trustee or Trustees provided that no such removal shall be effective unless and until a new Trustee or Trustees shall have become bound by this Indenture;

power to sanction the exchange of the Debentures for or the conversion thereof into shares, bonds, debentures or other securities or obligations of the Corporation or of any other Person formed or to be formed;

power to authorize the distribution in specie of any shares or securities received pursuant to a transaction authorized under the provisions of Section 13.11(l); and

power to amend, alter or repeal any Extraordinary Resolution previously passed or sanctioned by the Debentureholders or by any committee appointed pursuant to Section 13.11(j).

The expression “Extraordinary Resolution” when used in this Indenture means, subject as hereinafter in this Article provided, a resolution proposed to be passed as an Extraordinary Resolution at a meeting of Debentureholders (including an adjourned meeting) duly convened for the purpose and held in accordance with the provisions of this Article at which the holders of not less than 25% of the principal amount of the Debentures then outstanding, and if the meeting is a Serial Meeting, at which holders of not less than 25% of the principal amount of the Debentures then outstanding of each especially affected series, are present in person or by proxy and passed by the favourable votes of the holders of not less than 66 2/3% of the principal amount of the Debentures, and if the meeting is a Serial Meeting by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than 66²/₃% of each especially affected series, in each case present or represented by proxy at the meeting and voted upon on a poll on such resolution.

If, at any such meeting, the holders of not less than 25% of the principal amount of the Debentures then outstanding and, if the meeting is a Serial Meeting, 25% of the principal amount of the Debentures then outstanding of each especially affected series, in each case are not present in person or by proxy within 30 minutes after the time appointed for the meeting, then the meeting, if convened by or on the requisition of Debentureholders, shall be dissolved but in any other case it shall stand adjourned to such date, being not less than 14 nor more than 60 days later, and to such place and time as may be appointed by the chairman. Not less than 10 days notice shall be given of the time and place of such adjourned meeting in the manner provided in Section 14.2. Such notice shall state that at the adjourned meeting the Debentureholders present in person or by proxy shall form a quorum. At the adjourned meeting the Debentureholders present in person or by proxy shall form a quorum and may transact the business for which the meeting was originally convened and a resolution proposed at such adjourned meeting and passed thereat by the affirmative vote of holders of not less than 66²/₃% of the principal amount of the Debentures and, if the meeting is a Serial Meeting, by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than 66²/₃% of the principal amount of the Debentures of each especially affected series, in each case present or represented by proxy at the meeting voted upon on a poll shall be an Extraordinary Resolution within the meaning of this Indenture, notwithstanding that the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Debentures then outstanding, and if the meeting is a Serial Meeting, holders of not less than 25% of the principal amount of the Debentures then outstanding of each especially affected series, are not present in person or by proxy at such adjourned meeting.

Votes on an Extraordinary Resolution shall always be given on a poll and no demand for a poll on an Extraordinary Resolution shall be necessary.

Any request, direction, notice, consent or other instrument which this Indenture may require or permit to be signed or executed by the Debentureholders may be in any number of concurrent instruments of similar tenor signed or executed by such Debentureholders.

The Trustee may, in its discretion, require proof of execution in cases where it deems proof desirable and may accept such proof as it shall consider proper.

a certificate made by any two officers or directors of the Corporation, stating that any such condition precedent has been complied with in accordance with the terms of this Indenture;

in the case of a condition precedent compliance with which is, by the terms of this Indenture, made subject to review or examination by a solicitor, an opinion of Counsel that such condition precedent has been complied with in accordance with the terms of this Indenture; and

in the case of any such condition precedent compliance with which is subject to review or examination by auditors or accountants, an opinion or report of the Auditors of the Corporation whom the Trustee for such purposes hereby approves, that such condition precedent has been complied with in accordance with the terms of this Indenture.

The Trustee may employ or retain and act and rely on the opinion or advice of or information obtained from any solicitor, auditor, valuer, engineer, surveyor, appraiser or other expert, whether obtained by the Trustee or by the Corporation, or otherwise, and shall not be liable for acting, or refusing to act, in good faith on any such opinion or advice and may pay proper and reasonable compensation for all such legal and other advice or assistance as aforesaid; and

The Trustee may employ such agents and other assistants as it may reasonably require for the proper discharge of its duties hereunder, and may pay reasonable remuneration for all services performed for it (and shall be entitled to receive reasonable remuneration for all services performed by it) in the discharge of the trusts hereof and compensation for all disbursements, costs and expenses made or incurred by it in the discharge of its duties hereunder and in the management of the trusts hereof and any solicitors employed or consulted by the Trustee may, but need not be, solicitors for the Corporation. The Trustee shall not be responsible for the actions of such agents provided that it has selected such agents with due care and in a commercially reasonable manner.

The Corporation shall pay to the Trustee from time to time compensation for its services hereunder as agreed separately by the Corporation and the Trustee, and shall pay or reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in the administration or execution of its duties under this Indenture (including the reasonable and documented compensation and disbursements of its Counsel and all other advisers and assistants not regularly in its employ), both before any default hereunder and thereafter until all duties of the Trustee under this Indenture shall be finally and fully performed. The Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust.

The Corporation hereby indemnifies and saves harmless the Trustee and its directors, officers and employees from and against any and all loss, damages, charges, expenses, claims, demands, actions or liability whatsoever which may be brought against the Trustee or which it may suffer or incur as a result of or arising out of the performance of its duties and obligations hereunder save only in the event of gross negligence, wilful misconduct or bad faith of the Trustee. This indemnity will survive the termination or discharge of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee. The Trustee shall notify the Corporation promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. The Corporation shall defend the claim and the Trustee shall co-operate in the defence. The Trustee may have separate Counsel and the Corporation shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such Counsel. The Corporation need not pay for any settlement made without its consent, which consent must not be unreasonably withheld. This indemnity shall survive the resignation or removal of the Trustee or the discharge of this Indenture.

In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war (declared or undeclared) or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, fire, riot, embargo and interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services, government action, including any laws, ordinances, regulations or the like which delay, restrict or prohibit the providing of the services contemplated by this Indenture; it being understood that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances.

The Trustee shall not be liable for any consequential, punitive or special damages;

providing for the issuance of Additional Debentures under this Indenture;

adding to the covenants of the Corporation herein contained for the protection of the Debentureholders, or of the Debentures of any series, or providing for events of default, in addition to those herein specified;

making such provisions not inconsistent with this Indenture as may be necessary or desirable with respect to matters or questions arising hereunder, including the making of any modifications in the form of the Debentures which do not affect the substance thereof and which in the opinion of the Trustee relying on an opinion of Counsel will not be prejudicial to the interests of the Debentureholders;

evidencing the succession, or successive successions, of others to the Corporation and the covenants of and obligations assumed by any such successor in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture;

giving effect to any Extraordinary Resolution passed as provided in Article 13; and

for any other purpose not inconsistent with the terms of this Indenture.

cash, other than cash payments for fractional Common Shares and cash payments made in respect of dissenter’s appraisal rights;

equity securities that are not traded or intended to be traded immediately following such transactions on a recognized stock exchange; or

other property that is not traded or intended to be traded immediately following such transactions on a recognized stock exchange,

The signature(s) to this assignment must correspond with the name(s) as written upon the face of this Initial Debenture in every particular without alteration or any change whatsoever. The signature(s) must be guaranteed by a Canadian chartered bank or trust company or by a member of an acceptable Medallion Guarantee Program. Notarized or witnessed signatures are not acceptable as guaranteed signatures. The Guarantor must affix a stamp bearing the actual words: “SIGNATURE GUARANTEED”.

The registered holder of this Initial Debenture is responsible for the payment of any documentary, stamp or other transfer taxes that may be payable in respect of the transfer of this Debenture.

Holders of 5.75% Convertible Unsecured Subordinated Debentures (the “Debentures”) of Ivanhoe Energy Inc. (the “Corporation”)

All capitalized terms used herein have the meaning ascribed thereto in the Indenture mentioned below, unless otherwise indicated.

Holders of 5.75% Convertible Unsecured Subordinated Debentures (the “Debentures”) of Ivanhoe Energy Inc. (the “Corporation”)

All capitalized terms used herein have the meaning ascribed thereto in the Indenture mentioned below, unless otherwise indicated.

IVANHOE ENERGY INC.

All capitalized terms used herein have the meaning ascribed thereto in the Indenture mentioned below, unless otherwise indicated.