Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, dated February 21, 2025, by and among Inhibikase Therapeutics, Inc., Project IKT Merger Sub, Inc., CorHepta Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Sellers' Representative
CERTAIN INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN EXCLUDED PURSUANT TO REGULATION S-K, ITEM 601(B)(10) AND REPLACED WITH [***]. SUCH EXCLUDED INFORMATION IS NOT MATERIAL AND WOULD LIKELY CAUSE COMPETITIVE HARM TO THE REGISTRANT IF PUBLICLY DISCLOSED.
EXHIBIT 2.1
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER AND REORGANIZATION
INHIBIKASE THERAPEUTICS, INC.,
PROJECT IKT MERGER SUB, INC.,
CORHEPTA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.,
and
SELLERS’ REPRESENTATIVE
DATED AS OF FEBRUARY 21, 2025
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. | The Merger | 2 |
1.1 | The Merger | 2 |
1.2 | Effective Time; Effect of the Merger | 2 |
1.3 | Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation | 2 |
1.4 | Directors and Officers of the Surviving Corporation | 2 |
1.5 | Conversion of Shares | 2 |
1.6 | Exchange Procedures | 4 |
1.7 | Appraisal Rights | 5 |
1.8 | Holdback Shares | 5 |
1.10 | Merger Consideration | 6 |
1.11 | Closing. | 7 |
1.12 | Closing Payments | 10 |
2. | REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY. | 10 |
2.1 | Organization | 10 |
2.2 | Capitalization of the Company; Title to Shares | 10 |
2.3 | No Subsidiaries | 11 |
2.4 | Power and Authorization | 11 |
2.5 | Consents and Approvals | 12 |
2.6 | Non-contravention | 12 |
2.7 | Financial Information | 12 |
2.8 | Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities | 12 |
2.9 | Absence of Certain Developments | 13 |
2.10 | Assets. | 14 |
2.11 | Real Property | 15 |
2.12 | Intellectual Property; Privacy | 15 |
2.13 | Legal Compliance; Permits | 19 |
2.14 | Employee Benefit Plans. | 21 |
2.15 | Environmental Matters | 23 |
2.16 | Contracts. | 24 |
2.17 | Affiliate Transactions | 26 |
2.18 | Employees | 26 |
2.19 | Litigation; Governmental Orders. | 28 |
2.20 | Insurance | 28 |
2.21 | Banking Facilities | 28 |
2.22 | Powers of Attorney | 28 |
2.23 | No Brokers | 28 |
2.24 | Taxes | 28 |
2.25 | No Additional Representations | 30 |
3. | REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB | 31 |
3.1 | Organization | 31 |
3.2 | Capitalization of Parent and Merger Sub | 31 |
3.3 | Valid Issuance of Parent Common Stock | 31 |
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3.4 | Power and Authorization | 31 |
3.5 | Consents and Approvals | 31 |
3.6 | Non-contravention | 32 |
3.7 | No Brokers | 32 |
3.8 | Reorganization Status | 32 |
3.9 | Parent SEC Reports; Financial Statements. | 32 |
3.10 | Securities Law Matters. | 33 |
3.11 | Governmental Orders | 33 |
3.12 | No Prior Merger Sub Operations | 33 |
3.13 | Litigation | 33 |
3.14 | No Additional Representations | 33 |
4. | COVENANTS | 33 |
4.1 | Confidentiality | 33 |
4.2 | Parent Equity Issuances | 34 |
4.3 | Bank Accounts; Powers of Attorney | 34 |
4.4 | Surviving Corporation Strategy | 34 |
4.5 | Directors | 35 |
4.6 | Employees | 35 |
4.7 | Officers and Directors Insurance and Indemnification | 36 |
5. | INDEMNIFICATION. | 36 |
5.1 | Indemnification by the Stockholders | 36 |
5.2 | Indemnity by Parent and the Surviving Corporation | 37 |
5.3 | Survival of Representations and Warranties | 37 |
5.4 | Limitations on Indemnification | 38 |
5.5 | Third Party Claims. | 40 |
5.6 | Direct Claims | 41 |
5.7 | Remedies Cumulative | 42 |
5.8 | Merger Consideration Adjustment | 42 |
6. | TAX MATTERS | 42 |
6.1 | Tax Returns. | 42 |
6.2 | Tax Contests. | 43 |
6.3 | Transfer Taxes | 44 |
6.4 | Disputes | 44 |
6.5 | Tax Treatment of Merger | 44 |
7. | MISCELLANEOUS | 44 |
7.1 | Notices | 44 |
7.2 | Sellers’ Representative | 45 |
7.3 | Publicity | 48 |
7.4 | Succession and Assignment; No Third-Party Beneficiary | 48 |
7.5 | Amendments and Waivers | 48 |
7.6 | Further Assurances | 48 |
7.7 | Entire Agreement | 48 |
7.8 | Schedules; Listed Documents, etc. | 49 |
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7.9 | Counterparts; Execution | 49 |
7.10 | Survival | 49 |
7.11 | Severability | 49 |
7.12 | Headings | 49 |
7.13 | Construction | 49 |
7.14 | Governing Law | 49 |
7.15 | Jurisdiction; Venue; Service of Process. | 50 |
7.16 | Waiver of Jury Trial | 50 |
7.17 | Expenses | 50 |
7.18 | Specific Performance | 51 |
7.19 | Non-Recourse | 51 |
7.20 | Investigation and Non-Reliance | 51 |
7.21 | Conflict of Interest | 51 |
7.22 | Attorney-Client Privilege | 52 |
8. | DEFINITIONS; CERTAIN RULES OF CONSTRUCTION. | 52 |
8.1 | Definitions | 52 |
8.2 | Other Defined Terms | 63 |
8.3 | Rules of Construction | 64 |
Exhibits
Exhibit A Form of Joinder
Exhibit B Certificate of Merger
Exhibit C Surviving Corporation Strategy
Exhibit D Form of Lock-Up Agreement
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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER AND REORGANIZATION
This Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, dated as of February 21, 2025 (this “Agreement”), by and among CorHepta Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), Inhibikase Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Parent”), Project IKT Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Merger Sub”), and Preston S. Klassen, an individual, solely in the capacity of a representative of the Stockholders, and any successor or additional representative of the Stockholders designated pursuant to Section 7.2 (“Sellers’ Representative”).
recitals
WHEREAS, the Company Board, by resolutions thereof duly adopted, has approved this Agreement and the merger of Merger Sub with and into the Company (the “Merger”), whereby, at the Effective Time, each issued and outstanding share of common stock, $0.0001 par value, of the Company (the “Shares”) not owned by Parent, Merger Sub or the Company and other than certain Shares as provided in Section 1.5(b) and Section 1.7, will be converted into the right to receive the Per Share Parent Common Stock, upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement;
WHEREAS, the Company Board, by resolutions thereof duly adopted, has declared this Agreement and the Merger advisable and in the best interests of the Stockholders and has recommended that the Stockholders vote in favor of adopting this Agreement and the Merger;
WHEREAS, the respective Boards of Directors of Parent and Merger Sub have each, by resolutions thereof duly adopted: (a) determined that it is in the best interests of Parent and Merger Sub, respectively, and their respective stockholders, and declared it advisable, to enter into this Agreement; and (b) approved the execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the Contemplated Transactions, and, in the case of Parent, the issuance of the Parent Common Stock, in each case, in accordance with the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”);
WHEREAS, as an inducement for Parent and Merger Sub to enter into this Agreement, concurrently with the execution and delivery hereof, each of the Stockholders is entering into a Joinder Agreement in favor of Parent, substantially in the form of Exhibit A (a “Joinder Agreement”);
WHEREAS, each of the parties hereto intends that (a) the Merger qualify as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder and (b) this Agreement is, and is hereby adopted as, a “plan of reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368 of the Code and Treasury Regulations Sections 1.368-2(g) and 1.368-3(a); and
WHEREAS, Parent, Merger Sub and the Company desire to make certain representations, warranties, covenants and agreements in connection with the Merger.
agreement
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing recitals (which are incorporated herein and made a part hereof) and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which hereby are acknowledged, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
1. The Merger
1.1 The Merger. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Closing the parties hereto shall cause the Merger to be consummated by the Company executing,
delivering and filing a Certificate of Merger, substantially in the form of Exhibit B (the “Certificate of Merger”), with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with the DGCL. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, at the Effective Time, Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company in accordance with, and with the effects provided in, the applicable provisions of the DGCL, and the Company shall be the surviving corporation resulting from the Merger (sometimes hereinafter referred to as the “Surviving Corporation”) and, as a result, shall become a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent, shall continue to be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware and shall succeed to and assume all of the rights and obligations of Merger Sub, and the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall cease.
1.2 Effective Time; Effect of the Merger.
(a) The Merger shall become effective at such time as the Certificate of Merger is duly filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the time the Merger becomes effective under the DGCL being the “Effective Time”).
(b) The Merger shall have the effects set forth in Section 259 of the DGCL.
1.3 Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation.
(a) The Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation shall be amended and restated at the Effective Time to read the same as the certificate of incorporation of Merger Sub as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time (except that the name of the Surviving Corporation shall be changed to CorHepta Pharmaceuticals, Inc.), and as so amended and restated, such Certificate of Incorporation shall be the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter amended as provided therein or by applicable Law.
(b) The Bylaws of Merger Sub in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be and become the Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter amended as provided therein or by applicable Law; provided, that all references in such Bylaws to the name of Merger Sub shall be amended to refer to “CorHepta Pharmaceuticals, Inc.”
1.4 Directors and Officers of the Surviving Corporation.
(a) The directors of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the directors of the Surviving Corporation immediately following the Effective Time, until their respective successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified or their earlier death, resignation or removal.
(b) The individuals set forth on Schedule 1.4(b) shall be the officers of the Surviving Corporation immediately following the Effective Time until their respective successors are duly appointed and qualified or their earlier death, resignation or removal.
1.5 Conversion of Shares. At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holders of any securities of the Company:
(a) Each share of capital stock of Merger Sub issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be automatically converted into and become one (1) validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Surviving Corporation.
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(b) All Shares that are owned by the Company as treasury stock immediately prior to the Effective Time, together with any Shares owned by Parent or Merger Sub, shall be automatically canceled and shall cease to exist and no consideration shall be delivered in exchange therefor.
(c) Each Share (other than (i) Shares to be canceled in accordance with Section 1.5(b) and (ii) any Appraisal Shares) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be automatically converted into the right to receive a number of shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share of Parent (“Parent Common Stock”), equal to the Exchange Ratio (such number of shares of Parent Common Stock, the “Per Share Parent Common Stock”), on the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement, including the vesting terms as set forth on Schedule 1.5(c). All such Shares, when so converted, shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be canceled and shall cease to exist, and each Stockholder shall cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive the Per Share Parent Common Stock.
(d) No fractional shares of Parent Common Stock shall be issued in connection with the Merger as a result of the conversion provided for in Section 1.5(c), and no certificates or scrip for any such fractional shares shall be issued. If a holder of Shares would otherwise be entitled to receive less than one but one half or greater of a share of Parent Common Stock (after aggregating all fractional shares of Parent Common Stock issuable to such holder) pursuant to Section 1.5(c), then the total number of shares of Parent Common Stock to be received by such holder will be rounded up to the nearest whole number of such shares of Parent Common Stock. If a holder of Shares would otherwise be entitled to receive less than one half of a share of Parent Common Stock (after aggregating all fractional shares of Parent Common Stock issuable to such holder) pursuant to Section 1.5(c), then the total number of shares of Parent Common Stock to be received by such holder will be rounded down to the nearest whole number of such shares of Parent Common Stock, and such holder of Shares shall not be entitled to receive any cash payment or any other consideration in lieu of any fractional shares that would have been issued in the absence of this Section 1.5(d).
(e) In no event will the number of shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued in respect of all Shares be greater or less than the quotient of the Merger Consideration divided by the Parent Stock Price, except to the extent resulting from the operation of Section 1.5(d).
(f) Parent shall be entitled to place appropriate legends on the book entries and/or certificates evidencing any shares of Parent Common Stock to be received in the Merger by equityholders of the Company and to issue appropriate stop transfer instructions to the transfer agent for Parent Common Stock, including a legend identical or similar in effect to the following legend (together with any other legend or legends required by applicable state securities applicable Law or otherwise, if any):
(g) “THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “ACT”), OR UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE. THESE SECURITIES ARE SUBJECT TO RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFERABILITY AND RESALE AND MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OR RESOLD EXCEPT AS PERMITTED UNDER THE ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS, PURSUANT TO REGISTRATION OR EXEMPTION THEREFROM THE ISSUER OF THESE SECURITIES MAY REQUIRE AN OPINION OF COUNSEL IN FORM AND SUBSTANCE REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO THE ISSUER, TO THE EFFECT THAT ANY PROPOSED TRANSFER OR RESALE IS IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE ACT AND ANY APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS.”
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1.6 Exchange Procedures.
(a) Exchange Agent. On the Closing Date, Parent shall deposit (or cause to be deposited) with a bank, trust company or shareholder service provider designated by Parent, which may be the Company’s transfer agent (the “Exchange Agent”), for exchange in accordance with this Section 1, certificates representing shares of Parent Common Stock issuable pursuant to Section 1.5(c) or otherwise make available book-entry shares of Parent Common Stock in accordance with the applicable procedures of the Exchange Agent. Parent shall make available by depositing with the Exchange Agent, as necessary from time to time after the Effective Time, any dividends or distributions payable pursuant to Section 1.6(b). All certificates (or book-entries) representing shares of Parent Common Stock and cash, if any, deposited with the Exchange Agent are hereinafter referred to as the “Exchange Fund”. The Exchange Agent shall invest any cash included in the Exchange Fund as directed by Parent on a daily basis. Any interest and other income resulting from such investments shall be paid to the Stockholders in accordance with their Pro Rata Interests. Subject to receipt of a Joinder, duly completed and validly executed in accordance with the instructions therewith, and such other documents as the Exchange Agent may reasonably require, the holder of such Shares shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor (x) a certificate (or evidence of book-entry issuance) representing that number of whole shares of Parent Common Stock (after taking into account all Shares surrendered by such holder) to which such holder of Shares shall have become entitled pursuant to the provisions of Section 1.5(c) and (y) any dividends or distributions payable pursuant to Section 1.6(b).
(b) Dividends. Until surrendered as contemplated by Section 1.6(a), each Share shall be deemed at any time after the Effective Time to represent only the right to receive upon such surrender the shares of Parent Common Stock payable in respect of Shares as contemplated by this Section 1, and no dividends or other distributions with respect to Parent Common Stock with a record date after the Effective Time shall be paid to the holder of any Shares that have not been so surrendered. Upon surrender of such Shares in accordance with Section 1.6(a), there shall be paid to the record holder thereof, without interest, the amount of any dividends or other distributions with a record date after the Effective Time theretofore paid with respect to such whole shares of Parent Common Stock.
(c) Transfer Books; No Further Ownership Rights in Shares. The shares of Parent Common Stock and any dividends or other distributions payable pursuant to Section 1.6(b) issued and paid in respect of Shares upon the surrender of such Shares in accordance with the terms of this Section 1 shall be deemed to have been issued and paid in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to such Shares. At the Effective Time, the stock transfer books of the Company shall be closed and thereafter there shall be no further registration of transfers on the stock transfer books of the Surviving Corporation of the Shares that were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. From and after the Effective Time, the Stockholders shall cease to have any rights with respect to such Shares, except as otherwise provided for herein or by applicable Law. If, at any time after the Effective Time, Shares are presented to the Surviving Corporation or the Exchange Agent for any reason, they shall be deemed surrendered and exchanged as provided in this Section 1.
(d) Undistributed Exchange Fund. Any portion of the Exchange Fund that remains undistributed to the holders of Shares twelve (12) months after the Effective Time shall be delivered to Parent, upon demand, and each Stockholder whose Shares were converted pursuant to Section 1.5(c) into the right to receive Parent Common Stock with respect thereto and any dividends or distributions payable pursuant to Section 1.6(b) shall thereafter look only to Parent for satisfaction of their claims for the Merger Consideration, in each case, without any interest thereon.
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(e) No Liability. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, none of the parties hereto nor the Surviving Corporation shall be liable to any Person for shares of Parent Common Stock or dividends or other distributions with respect thereto delivered to a public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar Law. Any Merger Consideration or other amounts remaining unclaimed by Stockholders three (3) years after the Effective Time (or such earlier date immediately prior to such time as such amounts would otherwise escheat to or become property of any Governmental Authority) shall, to the extent permitted by applicable Laws, become the property of Parent free and clear of any Encumbrance.
(f) Tax Withholding. The Surviving Corporation and any other Person making payment of money or payments in kind in connection with this Agreement shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from any amount otherwise payable to any Person in connection with this Agreement such amounts as are required to be deducted and withheld with respect to the making of such payment under any Tax Law. To the extent amounts are so withheld and paid over to the appropriate Taxing Authority, the withheld amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the Person in respect of which such deduction and withholding were made. Except for payments that are reasonably expected to be compensatory in nature, or payments to a Person who does not provide a duly completed and executed Internal Revenue Service Form W-9, in the event that Parent or the Surviving Corporation determines that withholding from any consideration payable or otherwise deliverable pursuant to this Agreement is required under applicable Tax Law, Parent or the Surviving Corporation will notify the applicable payee(s) reasonably in advance of the Closing or the Sellers’ Representative in the case of any subsequent date that the applicable payment is to be made, in each case, to provide such recipient with an opportunity to provide any form or documentation or take such other steps to avoid such withholding. The parties shall cooperate in good faith to report and mitigate any such deduction or withholding.
1.7 Appraisal Rights. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, Shares (“Appraisal Shares”) that are outstanding immediately before the Effective Time and that are held by any Person who is entitled to demand and properly demands appraisal of such Appraisal Shares pursuant to, and who complies in all respects with, Section 262 of the DGCL (“Section 262”), shall not be converted into the right to receive the Parent Common Stock as provided in Section 1.5, but rather, each such holder of Appraisal Shares shall be entitled to receive only those rights provided under Section 262; provided, however, that if any such holder shall fail to perfect or otherwise shall waive, withdraw or lose the right to appraisal under Section 262, then the right of such holder to receive such rights provided under Section 262 shall cease and such Appraisal Shares shall be deemed to have been converted as of the Effective Time into solely the right to receive the Parent Common Stock as provided in Section 1.5 and any dividends or distributions payable pursuant to Section 1.6(b), in each case, without interest.
1.8 Holdback Shares.
(a) On the Closing Date, Parent shall issue and set aside an aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock equal to the Indemnity Amount (the “Indemnity Holdback Fund”). The Indemnity Holdback Fund will be available to hold harmless and indemnify each of the Parent Indemnified Persons in accordance with, and subject to the terms and limitations of, Section 5. The Indemnity Holdback Fund shall be held by Parent in trust and shall not be subject to any lien, attachment, trustee process or any other judicial process of any creditor of any Person, and shall be held and disbursed solely for the purposes and in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. Except to the extent permanently retained by Parent or released to a Parent Indemnified Person pursuant to this Section 1.8 or Article 5, the Parent Common Stock included in the Indemnity Holdback Fund shall be legally outstanding under applicable state law as of the Effective Time, shall be treated by Parent as issued and outstanding capital stock of Parent (including being
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shown on Parent’s financial statements), and such shares shall be treated as owned by the Stockholders from the Effective Time (notwithstanding that Parent sets aside or retains such shares). The Stockholders will be entitled to exercise voting rights and receive dividends (provided that any stock dividends shall be withheld by Parent and included as part of the Indemnity Holdback Fund), in each case with respect to such Parent Common Stock, and no portion of such Parent Common Stock shall be treated as “imputed interest” upon delivery by Parent to the Stockholders.
(b) Within five Business Days following the date that is 12 months after the Closing Date (the “Indemnity Holdback Release Date”), Parent shall release to each Stockholder its Pro Rata Interest of a number of shares of Parent Common Stock equal to (i) the Indemnity Amount less (ii) any shares deducted from the Indemnity Holdback Fund to satisfy obligations pursuant to any fully determined Third Party Claim or a Direct Claim by a Parent Indemnified Person pursuant to Section 5; provided, that if on or prior to the Indemnity Holdback Release Date, a Parent Indemnified Person has delivered to the Seller’s Representative a Third Party Claim or a Direct Claim Notice containing a claim which has not been resolved prior to such release, Parent shall hold back from such distribution and retain a number of shares of Parent Common Stock equal to the quotient of (A) the amount of damages set forth on such Third Party Claim or Direct Claim Notice divided by (ii) the Parent Stock Price. Promptly, and in any event, within five Business Days following the date that such unresolved claim is resolved, Parent shall release to each Stockholder its Pro Rata Interest equal to the product of (1)(I) the number of the shares retained by Parent pending resolution of such unresolved claim minus (II) the amount of damages resolved to be actually incurred by the Parent Indemnified Person pursuant to Section 5 divided by (2) the Parent Stock Price.
1.10 Merger Consideration.
(a) On or prior to the fifth (5th) Business Day prior to the date hereof, the Company shall have prepared and delivered a statement (the “Closing Statement”) to Parent setting forth the Company’s reasonable, good faith estimates of (i) Cash as of the close of business on the Closing Date, (ii) all Indebtedness of the Company as of the close of Business on the Closing Date, (iii) Current Liabilities as of the close of business on the Closing Date, (iv) the Seller Transaction Expenses to the extent not paid prior to the Closing, and (v) the Company’s calculation of the Merger Consideration, together with reasonable supporting documentation in respect of all items contained on the Closing Statement. The Closing Statement (including the Cash, Indebtedness, Current Liabilities and Seller Transaction Expenses) shall be as provided in the definitions of this Agreement.
(b) No later than three (3) Business Days after the delivery of the Closing Statement, Parent shall have the right to dispute any part of the computation of any of the items included in the Closing Statement by delivering a written notice to that effect to the Company (a “Dispute Notice”). Any Dispute Notice shall identify in reasonable detail and to the extent known the nature and amounts of any proposed revisions to the Closing Statement and will be accompanied by reasonably detailed materials supporting the basis for such revisions.
(c) Following delivery of the Closing Statement, the Company shall have permitted Parent and its Representatives at all reasonable times and upon reasonable notice to review the Company’s working papers relating to the calculation and preparation of the Cash, Indebtedness, Current Liabilities and Seller Transaction Expenses, as well as the Company’s accounting books and records relating thereto, and the Company shall have made reasonably available its Representatives (if any) responsible for the preparation of the Closing Statement in order to respond to the inquiries of Parent and its Representatives. Prior to the Closing, the parties shall have acted reasonably in resolving in good faith any disagreements
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concerning the computation of any of the items included in the Closing Statement (including the calculations of the Cash, Indebtedness, Current Liabilities and Seller Transaction Expenses).
(d) If the parties are unable to resolve all of their disagreements with respect to the Closing Statement within three (3) Business Days of delivery of the Dispute Notice, then they shall jointly retain the CPA Firm, which, acting as an expert and not as an arbitrator, shall determine, on the basis set forth herein and in accordance with this Section 1.10 and only with respect to those items specifically described in the Dispute Notice, whether and to what extent, if any, the Merger Consideration requires adjustment. At the time of retention of the CPA Firm, the parties shall promptly deliver to the CPA Firm the work papers and back-up materials used in preparing the Closing Statement and the Dispute Notice, and the parties shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the CPA Firm to make its determination within five (5) Business Days of accepting its selection. The parties shall be afforded the opportunity to present to the CPA Firm any material related to the unresolved disputes and to discuss the issues with the CPA Firm; provided, however, that no such presentation or discussion shall occur without the presence of a representative of each of the Company and Parent. The CPA Firm’s determination shall be final and binding on Parent and the Company and shall (absent manifest error) be deemed to have been finally determined for purposes of this Agreement. The parties shall delay the Closing until the resolution of the matters described in this Section 1.10. The fees and expenses of the CPA Firm shall be allocated between Parent and the Company in the same proportion that the disputed amount of the Merger Consideration that was unsuccessfully disputed by such party (as finally determined by the CPA Firm) bears to the total disputed amount of the Merger Consideration.
1.11 Closing.
(a) Closing Date. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the closing of the Contemplated Transactions (the “Closing” and the date on which the Closing actually occurs, the “Closing Date”) shall take place on the date hereof remotely via the electronic exchange of documents and signatures, or at such other time, date or place as the parties may mutually agree. All deliveries by the parties at Closing shall be deemed to have occurred simultaneously, and none shall be effective until and unless all have occurred in accordance with this Agreement or have been waived.
(b) Deliveries at Closing. At the Closing (unless another time or date is specified):
(i) Deliveries by the Company. The Company will deliver, or cause to be delivered to Parent:
(1) letters of resignation in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Parent and duly executed by those directors and officers of the Company identified on Schedule 1.11(b)(i)(1);
(2) the Certificate of Merger, duly executed by the Company;
(3) the Lock-Up Agreement, duly executed by each Person set forth on Schedule 1.11(b)(i)(3);
(4) employment agreements, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Parent and the Key Employees, duly executed by the Company and each Key Employee;
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(5) non-competition, non-solicitation, confidentiality and assignment agreements, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Parent, duly executed by each Key Employee;
(6) true and complete copies of all resolutions of the Stockholders holding at least a majority of the issued and outstanding Shares entitled to vote on the Merger adopting this Agreement, including the “agreement of merger” contained herein, and the Merger, that are in full force and effect and are the only resolutions (other than any resolutions adopted by Stockholders in respect of Section 280G of the Code, if any) adopted by the Stockholders in connection with the Contemplated Transactions;
(7) a certificate of good standing of the Company from the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware dated as of a date that is not more than five (5) days prior to the Closing Date;
(8) a certificate of the Secretary (or equivalent officer) of the Company, dated as of the Closing Date, certifying that attached thereto are:
1 true and complete copies of all resolutions adopted by the Company Board (i) authorizing and approving the Contemplated Transactions, including approval of this Agreement and “agreement of merger” contained in this Agreement in accordance with the DGCL, (ii) directing that the “agreement of merger” contained in this Agreement be submitted to the Stockholders for adoption, and (iii) authorizing and approving the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Agreements, and that all such resolutions are in full force and effect and are the only resolutions adopted by the Company Board in connection with the Contemplated Transactions;
2 the incumbency and signatures of the officers of the Company who are executing this Agreement and any other Transaction Agreement, certificate or document delivered thereby in connection with this Agreement;
3 true and complete copies of the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Company as in effect at the time of the Closing.
(9) a duly executed certificate in compliance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.1445-2(c)(3) certifying that shares of capital stock of the Company and other interests in the Company are not “United States real property interests” within the meaning of Section 897(c) of the Code and that the Company is not and has not been a “United States real property holding corporation” (within the meaning of Section 897 of the Code) during the applicable period specified in Section 897(c)(1)(A)(ii) of the Code in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Parent, and a notice to the Internal Revenue Service in compliance with and containing the information required by Treasury Regulations Section 1.897-2(h) in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Parent;
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(10) evidence reasonably satisfactory to Parent that (i) there are no potential “parachute payments” (as defined in Section 280G of the Code) in connection with the Contemplated Transactions (alone or in combination with any other event), (ii) if applicable, that the Company, pursuant to and in accordance with Treasury Regulation Section 1.280G-1 and Q&A-7, solicited an equity holder vote seeking approval of any amounts that would otherwise be parachute payments, (iii) if applicable, such vote was either approved or not approved, and (iv) if applicable, prior to such vote, the Company obtained a waiver from each “disqualified individual” (as defined in Section 280G of the Code) of his, her or its rights to any parachute payments, in each case of (ii) and (iv) pursuant to forms approved by Parent in advance;
(11) executed payoff letters, releases, or other similar instruments, in each case in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Parent, providing for the repayment in full of the Indebtedness of the Company which is set forth on Schedule 1.11(b)(i)(11), and, in each case, the release of all Encumbrances granted with respect thereto, together with all instruments, documents and UCC financing statements relating thereto (the “Payoff Letters”); and
(12) such other customary instruments of transfer, assumption, filings or documents, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Parent, as may be required to give effect to this Agreement.
(ii) Deliveries by Parent. Parent will deliver, or cause to be delivered, to Sellers’ Representative:
(1) a certificate of the Secretary (or equivalent officer) of Merger Sub, dated as of the Closing Date, certifying that attached thereto are:
1 true and complete copies of all resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors of Merger Sub (i) authorizing and approving the Contemplated Transactions, including approval of this Agreement and the “agreement of merger” contained in this Agreement in accordance with the DGCL, (ii) directing that the “agreement of merger” contained in this Agreement be submitted to Parent, as Merger Sub’s sole stockholder, for adoption, and (iii) authorizing and approving the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Agreements;
2 true and complete copies of all resolutions of Parent, as Merger Sub’s sole stockholder, adopting this Agreement, including the “agreement of merger” contained herein, and the Merger, and that all such resolutions are in full force and effect and are the only resolutions adopted by Parent, as Merger Sub’s sole stockholder, in connection with the Contemplated Transactions;
3 the incumbency and signatures of the officers of Merger Sub who are executing this Agreement and any other Transaction Agreement, certificate or document delivered thereby in connection with this Agreement.
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(2) a certificate of good standing of Merger Sub from the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware dated as of a date that is not more than five (5) days prior to the Closing Date; and
(3) such other customary instruments of transfer, assumption, filings or documents, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Stockholders, as may be required to give effect to this Agreement.
1.12 Closing Payments. At the Closing, Parent shall pay, on behalf of the Company: (i) all Indebtedness to the applicable recipients thereof in accordance with the Payoff Letters, (ii) the Reimbursable Transaction Expenses to Cooley LLP and (iii) all Seller Transaction Expenses to the applicable recipients thereof in accordance with invoices therefor delivered by the Company to Parent prior to the Closing; provided, that, any Seller Transaction Expenses that are payable to any current or former employees of the Company shall be paid to the Company, which shall in turn cause such amounts to be paid to such individuals through payroll, less applicable withholdings, within ten (10) days following the Closing Date.
2. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY.
In order to induce Parent and Merger Sub to enter into and perform this Agreement and to consummate the Contemplated Transactions, except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedule, the Company hereby represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub as follows as of the date hereof:
2.1 Organization. The Company is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has all corporate power and authority to own, operate or lease the properties and assets now owned, operated or leased by it and to carry on the Business as presently conducted. The Company is duly qualified and in good standing as a foreign entity authorized to do business in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its activities or the character of the properties it owns or leases makes such qualification necessary, except in such cases where the lack of said authorization or qualification has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. True, accurate and complete copies of (1) the Organizational Documents of the Company, as amended as of the date hereof and currently in effect, and (2) the minute books of the Company, which contain records of all meetings held and other actions taken by its board of directors (and each committee thereof) and Stockholders, have been made available to Parent and Merger Sub by the Company. The Company is not in violation of any provision of its Organizational Documents.
2.2 Capitalization of the Company; Title to Shares.
(a) Capital Stock. The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of (i) 7,500,000 Shares, of which, as of the date of this Agreement, 5,094,126 Shares were issued and outstanding and no shares were held in the treasury of the Company. Schedule 2.2(a) sets forth a complete and accurate list, as of the date of this Agreement, of the holders of record of capital stock of the Company, showing the number of Shares held by each holder of record. All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have been and as of the date hereof are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid, non-assessable and free of all Encumbrances other than restrictions on transfer imposed by virtue of applicable federal and state securities laws and the right of the Company to reacquire the Shares subject to any vesting terms. All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have been offered, issued and sold by the Company in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities Laws. Except for the Shares, there are no outstanding Equity Securities of the Company, including any Equity Securities
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issued or issuable under any equity compensation plan or arrangement (a “Company Stock Plan”). Each Company Stock Plan is identified on Schedule 2.2(a).
(b) Encumbrances, etc. Except as contemplated in this Agreement, there are no outstanding Contractual Obligations to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound obligating the Company to issue, deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, delivered or sold, Equity Securities. There are no outstanding obligations of the Company (contingent or otherwise) to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of the Shares or other Equity Securities of the Company or any other Person. There are no stock-appreciation rights, equity-based performance units or shares, “phantom” stock rights or other Contractual Obligations (contingent or otherwise) pursuant to which any Person is or may be entitled to receive any payment or other value based on the revenues, earnings or financial performance or other attribute of the Company or the Business, or calculated in accordance therewith or to cause the Company to file a registration statement under the 1933 Act, or which otherwise relates to the registration of any securities (debt or Equity Securities) of the Company. There are no voting trusts, proxies or other Contractual Obligations to which the Company or, to the Company’s Knowledge, any Stockholder is a party or by which any of them is bound with respect to the issuance, holding, acquisition, voting or disposition of the Shares or other Equity Securities of the Company. There are no Contractual Obligations between the Company or, to the Company’s Knowledge, any Stockholder, on the one hand, and any other Person, on the other hand, regarding any Shares.
(c) Except for vesting restrictions imposed on any Shares by the Company and the Organizational Documents, there is no Contractual Obligation between the Company and any holder of its Equity Securities, or, to the Company’s Knowledge, among any holders of its Equity Securities, relating to the sale or transfer (including, without limitation, Contractual Obligations relating to rights of first refusal, preemptive rights, repurchase or redemption rights, co-sale rights or “drag along” rights), registration under the 1933 Act or the applicable securities Laws of any other jurisdiction, or voting, of the capital stock of the Company.
2.3 No Subsidiaries. The Company has no Subsidiaries and does not own beneficially or of record, either directly or indirectly, equity interests, capital interests, profit interests, membership interests, or any other Equity Securities in any Person.
2.4 Power and Authorization. The Company has all requisite power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and, to the extent it is a party thereto, each other agreement, document, instrument or certificate contemplated by this Agreement, or to otherwise be executed by it, in connection with the consummation of the Contemplated Transactions (the “Transaction Agreements”), and to consummate the Contemplated Transactions. The execution and delivery by the Company of this Agreement and each Transaction Agreement to which it is a party and the consummation by the Company of the Contemplated Transactions has been duly and properly authorized, and other than the approval of the Contemplated Transactions by the Stockholders, no other authorization on its part or by any other Person is necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Transaction Agreements (as applicable), or to consummate the Contemplated Transactions. This Agreement has been and each Transaction Agreement (as applicable) will be at or prior to the date hereof duly executed and delivered by the Company, and this Agreement constitutes, and the Transaction Agreements to which the Company is a party will constitute, assuming the due execution and delivery of the other parties hereto or thereto, the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, Enforceable against it in accordance with its and their terms, except as limited by the Enforceability Exceptions.
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2.5 Consents and Approvals. Except for the filing of the Certificate of Merger, no consent, approval, authorization or other action by, or filing with or notification to, any Governmental Authority or Person on the part of the Company is required for, or in connection with (a) the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the Transaction Agreements, (b) the consummation of the Contemplated Transactions or (c) the transfer of any Contractual Obligation as a result of a change in the Company’s ownership.
2.6 Non-contravention. None of the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement, the Transaction Agreements or the consummation of the Contemplated Transactions will:
(i) violate any provision of any Legal Requirement applicable to the Company;
(ii) conflict with, result in a breach or violation of, or default under, or give rise to a right for any third-party to accelerate, terminate or obtain any prepayment penalty under (in any such case, with or without notice, lapse of time or both) any Contractual Obligation of the Company;
(iii) result in the creation or imposition of an Encumbrance upon, or the forfeiture of, any Asset of the Company, other than Permitted Encumbrances;
(iv) result in a breach or violation of, or default under, the Organizational Documents of the Company; or
(v) require any action by (including any authorization, consent or approval) or in respect of (including notice to), any Person under any material Contractual Obligation of the Company.
2.7 Financial Information.
(a) Financial Information. Since December 31, 2024, (i) the Company has not distributed, sold or otherwise disposed of any property or other non-cash assets other than in the Ordinary Course of Business, and (ii) the Company has not made or granted any distributions or dividends, other than distributions or dividends solely of cash.
(b) Indebtedness; Guarantees. Except as set forth in the Closing Statement, the Company has no Indebtedness. The Company has no Liability in respect of a Guarantee of any Liability of any other Person.
2.8 Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities. The Company has no material Liability (whether or not required to be reflected in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP, and whether due or to become due), except for (a) those which have been provided or made available to Parent, (b) those which have been incurred in the Ordinary Course of Business since December 31, 2024 (none of which results from, arises out of, or relates to any breach or violation of, or default under, a Contractual Obligation or Legal Requirement and none of which has or would reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect), and (c) those incurred in connection with this Agreement or the Contemplated Transactions to which the Company is a party.
2.9 Absence of Certain Developments. Except as set forth on Schedule 2.9, since December 31, 2024, the Business has been conducted only in the Ordinary Course of Business and:
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(a) the Company has not (i) amended its certificate of incorporation or bylaws or (ii) issued, sold, granted, awarded or otherwise disposed of any Equity Security;
(b) the Company has not split, combined or reclassified any shares of its capital stock or declared, set aside or paid any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, stock or property or any combination thereof) in respect of its capital stock;
(c) the Company has not become liable in respect of any Guarantee;
(d) the Company has not sold, leased, licensed, transferred or otherwise disposed of any of its Assets or property (including any shares or other Equity Securities or other securities of the Company or any other corporation, partnership, association or other business organization or division thereof), except in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(e) the Company has not sold, assigned, transferred, licensed or sublicensed any Company Intellectual Property, other than pursuant to non-exclusive licenses with customers entered into in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(f) the Company has not failed to take any action necessary to preserve the validity of any Company Intellectual Property or Permit;
(g) the Company has not permitted any of its Assets to become subject to an Encumbrance other than a Permitted Encumbrance;
(h) the Company has not discharged or satisfied any Encumbrance or paid any obligation or liability that is not yet due and payable;
(i) the Company has not made or committed to make any capital expenditure;
(j) the Company has not other than dividends or distributions in respect of Shares payable solely in cash, made any declaration, setting aside or payment of any distribution with respect to, or any repurchase, redemption or other acquisition of, any Equity Security;
(k) there has been no material loss, destruction, damage or eminent domain taking (in each case, whether or not insured) affecting the Business or any material Asset;
(l) the Company has not increased the Compensation payable or paid, whether conditionally or otherwise, to (i) any employee, consultant, Company Independent Contractor or agent, (ii) any officer or manager of the Company or (iii) any Stockholder or any Affiliate or Members of the Immediate Family thereof;
(m) the Company has not entered into any Contractual Obligation providing for the employment or consultancy of any Person other than in the Ordinary Course of Business or providing for Compensation other than in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(n) the Company has not terminated, laid off or materially reduced the Compensation of any employee, consultant, independent contractor or agent other than in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(o) the Company has not made any material change in its methods of accounting or accounting practices (including with respect to reserves) or its pricing policies, payment or credit practices
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or failed to pay any creditor any amount owed to such creditor when due or granted any extensions of credit other than in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(p) the Company has not terminated or closed any Facility, business or operation;
(q) the Company has not entered into, adopted, amended, terminated or modified any Employee Plan or any employment or severance agreement or entered into or terminated any collective bargaining agreement;
(r) the Company has not hired or fired any officer or any employee whose annual Compensation is or was in excess of $100,000 per annum;
(s) the Company has not modified or cancelled any third-party Indebtedness or written up or written down any of its material Assets or revalued its Inventory, other than in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(t) the Company has not failed to make any scheduled capital expenditures or investments or failed to pay trade accounts payable or any other material Liability when due, other than in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(u) the Company has not failed to maintain or properly repair any of its material Assets;
(v) the Company has not Threatened, commenced or settled any Action;
(w) the Company has not entered into any Contractual Obligation to do any of the things referred to elsewhere in this Section 2.9; and
(x) no event or circumstance has occurred which has had, will have or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
2.10 Assets.
(a) Ownership of Assets. The Company has sole and exclusive, good and marketable title to, or, in the case of property held under a lease or other Contractual Obligation, a sole and exclusive, Enforceable (except as limited by the Enforceability Exceptions) leasehold interest in, or right to use all of its Assets. None of the Assets is subject to any Encumbrance other than Permitted Encumbrances.
(b) Tangible Personal Property. All of the fixtures and other improvements to the Real Property included in the Assets (including any Facilities) and all of the tangible personal property other than inventory included in the Assets (the “Equipment”) (i) are adequate and suitable for their present and intended uses, (ii) are in good working order, operating condition and state of repair, reasonable wear and tear excepted, (iii) to the Company’s Knowledge have no material defects and (iv) have been maintained all in accordance with the standards of any manufacturer or any other governmental or regulatory entities.
2.11 Real Property. The Company does not own any real property or interest therein. The Company does not have a leasehold interest in real property leased, subleased by, licensed or with respect to which a right to use or occupy has been granted to or by the Company (such leased real property is referred to as the “Real Property”) or a lease or any other Contractual Obligation under which such Real Property is leased by the Company (the “Real Property Leases”). There are no written or oral subleases,
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licenses, concessions, occupancy agreements or other Contractual Obligations granting to any other Person the right of use or occupy any of the Real Property, and there is no Person in possession of the Real Property. The Company has valid leasehold interests in and to the Real Property, as applicable, and any and all Facilities located thereon, free and clear of all Encumbrances other than Permitted Encumbrances. The Company has made available to Parent true, correct and complete copies of all of the Real Property Leases, including all amendments and modifications thereto.
2.12 Intellectual Property; Privacy.
(a) Schedule 2.12(a) identifies all Intellectual Property owned or used by the Company, including all Intellectual Property with respect to Company Technology and Company Products, which Intellectual Property is composed of (and Schedule 2.12(a) lists): (i) all registered Intellectual Property which has been issued to or is otherwise owned by the Company, all Intellectual Property that is the subject of a pending registration application owned by the Company and all material Intellectual Property owned by the Company that is unregistered, including any Software (collectively, “Company Owned Intellectual Property”); (ii) all Intellectual Property that has been licensed to the Company by a third party or that is otherwise used by the Company but is not owned by the Company (“Company Licensed Intellectual Property”); and (iii) each Contractual Obligation pursuant to which the Company has granted or has been granted rights to any Intellectual Property or to which the Company is otherwise bound to any third party (excluding currently-available, “off the shelf” Software programs licensed to the Company that are not included in Company Products, the total fees associated with which are less than $5,000 per license). The Company is the sole and exclusive owner of all Company Owned Intellectual Property free and clear of any Encumbrances, other than the IP Reversion Letters (as defined below). True, accurate and complete copies of all such Contractual Obligations, as amended or otherwise modified and in effect, as well as such Company Registrations and pending applications, have been provided to Parent, together with true, accurate and complete copies of all other written documentation evidencing ownership and prosecution (if applicable) of each item of Company Owned Intellectual Property. All such Company Registrations and Contractual Obligations are valid and enforceable and all such registrations, pending applications and Contractual Obligations are in full force and effect. There does not exist any claim, allegation, or basis for any claim or allegation, that any Company Owned Intellectual Property or Intellectual Property otherwise used by the Company or any filings for the same listed in Schedule 2.12(a) are invalid or unenforceable or that the Company’s rights with respect thereto are subject to claims or defenses that would impair or preclude enforcement of such rights, including misuse, laches, acquiescence, statute of limitations, abandonment, statutory bars against obtaining a patent or other registration for same, or fraudulent registration. No application for a patent or for a copyright, mask work or trademark registration or any other type of Intellectual Property filing filed by or on behalf of the Company has been rejected, abandoned, allowed to lapse or is subject to any statutory bar against patenting or other registration. Schedule 2.12(a) accurately identifies and describes each filing, payment, and action that must be made or taken on or before the date that is 120 days after the date of this Agreement in order to maintain each such registration or filing for any Company Owned Intellectual Property in full force and effect. No interference, opposition, reissue, reexamination or other legal proceeding of any nature is or has been pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, Threatened, in which the scope, validity or enforceability of any Company Owned Intellectual Property is being, has been or could reasonably be expected to be contested or challenged. Except as described on Schedule 2.12(a) for the applicable Contractual Obligations listed therein, the Company has not agreed to indemnify any Person against any infringement, violation or misappropriation of any third party Intellectual Property rights.
(b) There are no inventorship challenges, opposition or nullity proceedings or interferences declared or commenced against the Company, or to the Company’s Knowledge, Threatened,
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with respect to any Patent Rights included in the Company Registrations or that concern the ownership, validity or enforceability of any Intellectual Property owned or purported to be owned by the Company. The Company has complied with its duty of candor and disclosure to the United States Patent and Trademark Office and any relevant foreign patent office with respect to all patent and trademark applications filed by or on behalf of the Company and has made no misrepresentation in such applications. Other than as made known to the Company during the ordinary course of the application process for Company Registrations, there is no circumstance, fact, event or information that would result in the Company not having clear title to the Company Registrations or affecting the patentability or enforceability of any Company Registrations.
(c) Each item of Company Intellectual Property will be owned or available for use, as applicable, by Parent or a Subsidiary of Parent immediately following the date hereof on substantially identical terms (including duration) and conditions as it was immediately prior to the Closing. The Company Intellectual Property constitutes in all material respects all Intellectual Property necessary to (i) Exploit the Company Products and Company Technology in the manner so done currently and as currently contemplated to be done by the Company (ii) Exploit the Business Systems as they are currently Exploited and contemplated to be Exploited by the Company and (iii) otherwise to conduct the Company’s business in the manner currently conducted by the Company.
(d) Each Company Employee and Company Independent Contractor who has contributed to the research, development, conception, reduction to practice, authorship, creation, modification or improvement of any Company Product, Company Technology or Intellectual Property in the course of such Company Employee’s employment by, or such Company Independent Contractor’s work for, the Company, including any Company Owned Intellectual Property, in whole or in part, has either (i) to the Company’s Knowledge, done so in the course of and in the scope of his or her employment or engagement with the Company, such that pursuant to applicable Law all Intellectual Property arising therefrom is owned exclusively by the Company, as applicable, or (ii) signed written agreements including present assignments of all Intellectual Property with respect thereto ensuring that all such Intellectual Property is owned exclusively by the Company, and, to the Company’s Knowledge, there are no claims or interests of third parties (including current and former Company Employees or Company Independent Contractors or their current or former employers) alleging ownership interests in any such Intellectual Property. Subject to the agreements herein related to the IP Reversion Letters, the Contemplated Transactions shall not grant to or allow any Company Employee or Company Independent Contractor to claim any ownership interest in, or the right to use, any Company Intellectual Property.
(e) No current or former Company Independent Contractor who is or was involved in the research, development, conception, reduction to practice, authorship, creation, modification or improvement of any Company Product, Company Technology or Company Intellectual Property performed or is performing services for, or is or was an employee of, or was otherwise engaged by any third party, including any Governmental Authority, quasi-governmental agency or funding source, government-owned institution, university, college, other educational institution or research center, including as an employee, contractor, consultant or graduate student, during the time period in which such Company Independent Contractor worked for, the Company, in a manner which may reasonably provide the basis for any claim, interest, or right of any third party with respect to any of the Company Intellectual Property. The Company has not engaged in any work for any customer or other third party which is subject to any contractual right of assignment resulting in any Intellectual Property in such work being owned by the customer or any third party. The Company is not a member of or party to any patent pool, industry standards body, trade association or other organization pursuant to the rules of which it is obligated to license any existing or future Intellectual Property to any Person. The Company has not sought, applied for or received any
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support, funding, resources or assistance from any Governmental Authority, quasi-governmental agency or funding source, government-owned institution, university, college, other educational institution or research center.
(f) The Company has taken reasonable measures to protect the proprietary nature of each item of Company Owned Intellectual Property, and to maintain the secrecy of all Trade Secrets and confidential information comprising a part thereof, including by obtaining from all Company Employees, Company Independent Contractors and any other third parties having access to or receiving disclosure of any Trade Secrets forming part of the Company Owned Intellectual Property a valid and enforceable written agreement obligating them to maintain the confidentiality of such Trade Secrets and prohibiting use of such Trade Secrets other than as necessary for their work for the Company.
(g) None of (i) the Company Products, Company Technology or (ii) the Business Systems, or the Exploitation of either (i) or (ii) by the Company or the conduct of the Business or any other activity of the Company, has infringed or violated or constituted a misappropriation of, or infringes or violates, or constitutes a misappropriation of, any Intellectual Property of any third party. Schedule 2.12(g) lists any written complaint, claim or notice, or threat of any of the foregoing (including any notification that a license under any patent is or may be required), received in writing by the Company alleging any such infringement, violation or misappropriation and any request or demand for indemnification or defense received in writing by the Company from any reseller, distributor, customer, user or any other third party; and the Company has made available to Parent copies of all such complaints, claims, notices, requests, demands or threats made in writing, as well as any written legal opinions, studies, market surveys and analyses relating to any alleged or potential infringement, violation or misappropriation. For clarity, as used in this Agreement, the reference to “Internal Systems used directly in the providing or delivery of Customer Offerings” is not intended to include Internal Systems used for bugs and errors ticketing and tracking, for the Company’s accounting or otherwise for the administration of the business of the Company.
(h) To the Company’s Knowledge, no Person (including any current or former Company Employee or consultant of the Company) is infringing, violating or misappropriating any of the Company Intellectual Property. The Company has made available to Parent copies of all written correspondence, analyses, legal opinions, complaints, claims, notices or threats concerning the infringement, violation or misappropriation of any Company Owned Intellectual Property.
(i) Schedule 2.12(i) lists all Company Products and describes the features, functionalities and uses of each Company Product. Except as otherwise disclosed in Schedule 2.12(i): (a) no Person has any claim, right (whether or not currently exercisable) or interest to or in any Intellectual Property forming part of, used in or embodied by any Company Product; and (b) neither the Company nor to the Company’s Knowledge any Person has assigned or otherwise transferred ownership of, or agreed to assign or otherwise transfer ownership of, any Intellectual Property forming part of, used in or embodied by any Company Owned Intellectual Property or any other Company Owned Intellectual Property to any other Person. The Company Products are free from any substantial defects and substantially conform to the written documentation and specifications therefor.
(j) The Business Systems: (i) are in working order and are scalable to meet current and reasonably anticipated capacity, including the ability to process current and anticipated peak volumes in a timely manner; (ii) have commercially reasonably appropriate security; (iii) are configured and maintained to minimize the effects of viruses; and (iv) to the Company’s Knowledge, do not contain viruses, Trojan horses, back doors or other malicious code and have not suffered any failures, breakdowns, continued substandard performance or other adverse events that have caused or could reasonably be
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expected to result in the substantial disruption or interruption in or to the use of the Company Technology and/or the conduct of the Business. To the Company’s Knowledge none of the Business Systems: (i) contain any bug, defect or error that materially and adversely affects the use, functionality or performance of such Business Systems or any product or system containing or used in conjunction with such Business Systems; or (ii) fail to comply with any applicable warranty or other contractual commitment relating to the use, functionality or performance of such Business Systems or any product or system containing or used in conjunction with such Business Systems.
(k) The Company owns all rights, title and interests in and to or otherwise has all rights, permissions, licenses or authorizations required under applicable Laws and relevant Contractual Obligations to retain, produce copies, prepare derivative works, disclose, Process, combine with other data and otherwise use, and grant third parties rights to do the same, as the case may be, to all data in its possession or control as necessary for the operation of the Business as presently conducted. To the Company’s Knowledge, any third party who has provided Personal Data to the Company has done so in compliance with all applicable Data Security Requirements, including providing any notice and obtaining any consent required under such Data Security Requirements.
(l) The Company has at all times complied in all material respects with all applicable Data Security Requirements. The Company implements and uses appropriate technical, physical and organizational measures and controls with respect to the privacy and security of all non-public data, including Personal Data collected, received, stored, disclosed, sold, shared and transferred, or otherwise processed or used by the Company (collectively “Processed” or “Process”). Such policies are and have been at all times in material compliance with applicable Data Security Requirements. The Company has, when required to do so by applicable Data Security Requirements, with respect to any Personal Data Processed by it related to the Business, provided notice of its privacy practices related to any such Personal Data Processed by the Company through a Privacy Policy or other notice or disclosure provided to the Persons whose Personal Data is Processed. Such Privacy Policy or other notice or disclosure has been provided to Parent.
(m) No claims have been asserted or, to the Company’s Knowledge, are Threatened against the Company by any Person alleging a violation of any Data Security Requirements. The Company has not received any (i) notice, request, correspondence or other communication from any Governmental Authority or quasi-governmental agency or been subject to any enforcement action (including any fines or other sanctions), in each case relating to a breach or alleged breach of the Company’s privacy obligations related to Personal Data; or (ii) claim, complaint, correspondence or other communication from a data subject or any other Person claiming a right to compensation under or alleging breach of any applicable Data Security Requirements. There has been no occurrence of (x) unlawful, accidental or unauthorized destruction, loss, use, modification, acquisition or disclosure of or access to Personal Data owned, stored, used, maintained or controlled by or on behalf of the Company, or (y) a data breach or security incident. All Personal Data is transferable without the consent of any Person that has not already been obtained and without violation of any Data Security Requirements. In connection with each third-party servicing, outsourcing or similar arrangement involving such Personal Data, the Company has contractually obligated the service provider to take reasonable measures to protect the confidentiality of all Personal Data and restrict the use of such Personal Data by such service provider to use only to the extent necessary to provide the applicable services. Except for disclosures of information required by applicable Data Security Requirements, authorized by the provider of such Personal Data or otherwise provided for in a Privacy Policy, the Company has not sold, rented or otherwise made available to third parties any Personal Data. Neither the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement nor any of the transactions contemplated hereby, nor the continued Processing of any Personal Data by the Company in the same manner as
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Processed by the Company prior to the Closing will result in any violation of any applicable Data Security Requirements.
2.13 Legal Compliance; Permits.
(a) The Company has, and to the Company’s Knowledge, its Representatives have, since the Company’s inception, complied, and are now complying, in all material respects with all Laws applicable to the Business, properties or Assets, including the FDCA, its implementing regulations and similar foreign, state and local Laws, related to the research (including preclinical, nonclinical, and clinical research or studies), development and testing, and the manufacture of pharmaceutical product candidates.
(b) The Company has all Permits required to conduct the Company’s Business in all material respects, and all such Permits are valid and in full force and effect (including all Permits required by the FDA, NIH or any other Governmental Authority engaged in the regulation of the operations of the Company’s Business). All fees and charges with respect to such Permits that are due and owing as of the date hereof have been paid in full and all filing, reporting, and maintenance obligations have been timely satisfied in all material respects. Schedule 2.13(b) lists all current Permits issued to the Company with respect to the conduct of the Company’s Business (the “Company Permits”), including the names of the Permits, the holder(s) of the Permits, and their respective dates of issuance and expiration. All Company Permits are valid and in full force and effect and will continue to be so and no circumstances exist that would reasonably be expected to prevent or delay the transfer of any permits upon consummation of the Contemplated Transactions. To the Company’s Knowledge, no event has occurred that, with or without notice lapse or limitation of time or both, would reasonably be expected to result in the revocation, suspension, or lapse of any Company Permit. The Company is in compliance with the terms of the Company Permits, except for such failures to comply that, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to be material to the Company. The Company, and to the Company’s Knowledge, the Company’s Representatives, have not received any notice or other communication from any Governmental Authority regarding (i) any material adverse change in any Company Permit, or any failure to comply with any applicable Laws of any Governmental Authority or any term or requirement of any Company Permit or (ii) any lapse, revocation, withdrawal, suspension, cancellation, limitation, subjection to an integrity review, termination, material modification of, or any other action against any Company Permit.
(c) (i) None of the Company and, to the Company’s Knowledge, any of its Representatives have been convicted of any crime, engaged in any conduct, or have been the subject of any proceeding that has previously caused or would reasonably be expected to result in (A) debarment or suspension from participation in any activities or programs related to pharmaceutical product candidates or pharmaceutical products pursuant to 21 U.S.C. § 335a; (B) exclusion under 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7 or any similar law, rule or regulation of any Governmental Authority, (C) exclusion, debarment, suspension or ineligibility to participate in federal procurement and non-procurement programs, including those produced by the U.S. General Services Administration; (D) charging or conviction of a criminal or civil offense or otherwise named in an action that falls within the ambit of 21 U.S.C. § 331, 21 U.S.C. § 333, 21 U.S.C. § 334, 21 U.S.C. § 335a, 21 U.S.C. § 335b, 42 U.S.C. § 1320a - 7, 31 U.S.C. §§ 3729 – 3733, 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7a, or any other statute pertaining to the development, testing, manufacturing, labeling, packaging, distribution, sale, marketing, promotion, or advertising of biologics; or (E) disqualified or deemed ineligible pursuant to 21 C.F.R. Parts 312 (collectively (A)-(E), “Debarred”); (ii) the Company does not employ or use the services of any Person who is Debarred; (iii) the Company has not employed or used the services of any Person who, during the time when such Person was employed by or provided services to the Company, was Debarred; and (iv) neither the Company nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, its directors or
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officers, has received any notice or other communication from any Governmental Authority threatening, investigating, or pursuing debarment or alleging any acts that could reasonably be expected to result in debarment.
(d) All material filings, declarations, registrations, reports, submissions, documents, claims, notices and other submissions required to be filed, maintained, or furnished to the FDA, NIH, or any other Governmental Authority by the Company, have been so filed, maintained or furnished and were complete and correct in all material respects on the date filed (or were corrected in or supplemented by a subsequent filing). Except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, all such filings, declarations, registrations, reports, submissions, documents, claims or notices were in compliance with applicable Laws when filed, and no deficiencies have been asserted by any applicable Governmental Authority. For all pre-clinical studies and, if applicable, clinical trials conducted or being conducted by, in conjunction with, or on behalf of the Company or a Representative of the Company or otherwise contemplated by the Company or a Representative of the Company (collectively “Studies”), the Company has made available to Parent and Merger Sub true, complete and correct copies of all study reports, protocols, and statistical analysis plans (collectively, the “Data”). All Data accurately, completely, and fairly reflects the results from and plans for the Studies in all material respects. To the Company’s Knowledge, there are no other studies, the results of which are inconsistent with, or otherwise call into question, the Data, nor any material adverse events, safety signals, or other material findings arising from the Studies that have not been properly reported to the applicable Governmental Authority or otherwise disclosed to Parent and Merger Sub.
(e) The Company has made available to Parent each annual report filed by or on behalf of the Company with the FDA, NIH or any similar Governmental Authority with respect to any product candidates, if any. The Company has made available to Parent all material information in its possession about adverse drug events or experiences obtained or otherwise received by or on behalf of the Company from any source, including information derived from clinical investigations, animal or pre-clinical investigations, and reports in the scientific literature, and unpublished scientific papers relating to any product candidate.
(f) The Company has made available to Parent (i) all material correspondence or submissions, including summaries of oral interactions, sent to and received from the FDA, NIH, and similar Governmental Authority by the Company or, to the Company’s Knowledge, a Representative of the Company that concerns or would reasonably be expected to impact a product candidate of the Company or Study, if any and (ii) all existing written records relating to all material discussions and all meetings between the Company and the FDA, NIH, or similar Governmental Authority with respect to each product candidate or Study, if any.
(g) Since the Company’s inception, the Company has not received verbal nor written notice of any pending or Threatened claim, suit, proceeding, hearing, enforcement, audit, investigation, arbitration or other action from any Governmental Authority alleging that any operation or activity of the Company, in connection with Company product candidates, is in material violation of any regulatory Laws.
(h) The Studies have, since the Company’s inception, been and are being conducted in all material respects in accordance with all applicable Law and requirements of the FDA, NIH, and similar Governmental Authorities, including, as applicable, the Good Laboratory Practice (“GLP”) requirements promulgated by the FDA under and in accordance with 21 C.F.R. Part 58, and the requirements of Good Clinical Practice, informed consent, and all other applicable requirements relating to protection of human subjects and the conduct of clinical trials contained in 21 C.F.R. Parts 50, 56, and 312,
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except for any noncompliance, either individually or in the aggregate, which would not reasonably be expected to be material to the Company.
(i) Neither the Company nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any Representative of the Company, has received any written or other notice or communication from the FDA, NIH, any other Governmental Authority, any Institutional Review Board (“IRB”), or other Person or board responsible for the oversight or conduct of any Study, requiring or threatening the termination, suspension, material modification or restriction, delay, or clinical hold of, or otherwise rejecting, any Study that was, is planned to be, or is being conducted, nor has any such action commenced. All Studies whether past, current or planned, were and, if still pending, are being conducted in all respects in accordance with applicable Laws and regulations, the protocols, procedures and controls designed and approved for such Studies, with standard medical and scientific research procedures, and in accordance with any requirement of an IRB or other Person or board responsible for review of such Studies. All Studies have obtained all applicable approvals from an IRB or other Person or board responsible for review of such Studies. In the case of any Studies involving human subjects, all subjects, or their legal representatives, have provided their informed consent for participation.
(j) The Company has not, and to the Company’s Knowledge, none of the Company’s Representatives, has made an untrue statement of a material fact or fraudulent or misleading statement to the FDA, NIH, or other Governmental Authority, failed to disclose a material fact required to be disclosed to the FDA, NIH or other Governmental Authority, or otherwise committed an act, made a statement, or failed to make a statement that, would reasonably be expected to provide a basis for the FDA to invoke its policy respecting “Fraud, Untrue Statements of Material Facts, Bribery, and Illegal Gratuities” Final Policy and any amendments thereto (the “FDA Application Integrity Policy”). Neither the Company nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any directors and officers, of the Company is the subject of any pending or, to Company’s Knowledge, Threatened investigation pursuant to the FDA Application Integrity Policy, or resulting from any other untrue or false statement or omission.
(k) All Company product candidates developed by or on behalf of the Company have been manufactured, packaged, labeled, stored, distributed, imported, or exported in accordance with current Good Manufacturing Practice (“GMP”) requirements and Laws, including the FDCA, 21 C.F.R. Parts 210, 211, 601, and 610, as applicable, and any similar foreign Laws.
(l) The Company and its Representatives, are currently in compliance in all material respects with, and since the Company’s inception, have complied in all material respects with, all applicable security and privacy standards regarding protected health information, including the standards under (i) the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, (42 U.S.C. § 1320d et seq.), as amended, and its implementing Administrative Simplification regulations related to the privacy of Protected Health Information and the Security Standards, as defined by law (45 C.F.R. parts 160, 162 and 164), also known as the HIPAA Privacy Rule, and the Standards for Electronic Transactions, the Security Standards and the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act as incorporated in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 and (ii) any applicable state privacy Laws, including the California Consumer Privacy Act, Cal. Civ. Code §1798.100 et seq., and its implementing regulations. No claims have been asserted or, to the Company’s Knowledge, are Threatened against the Company or its Representatives by any Person or Governmental Authority alleging a violation of any privacy, personal or confidentiality rights under any applicable Laws.
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2.14 Employee Benefit Plans.
(a) Schedule 2.14(a) contains a true, correct and complete list of each Employee Plan. For purposes of this Agreement, an “Employee Plan” shall mean each (i) Company Stock Plan and (ii) each independent contractor agreement, benefit or compensation plan, program or arrangement currently sponsored, maintained or contributed to by the Company or any Subsidiary, or with respect to which the Company has or may have any actual or contingent liability or obligation (including on account of any ERISA Affiliate) including, without limitation, any “employee benefit plan” (within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA, including multiemployer plans within the meaning of Section 3(37) of ERISA, each a “Multiemployer Plan”), all stock purchase, stock option, severance, employment, change-in-control, fringe benefit, collective bargaining, bonus, incentive, deferred compensation, vacation, employee loan and all other benefit or compensation plans, agreements, programs, policies or other arrangements, whether or not subject to ERISA (including any funding mechanism therefor now in effect or required in the future as a result of the Contemplated Transactions or otherwise), whether formal or informal, or oral or written. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “ERISA Affiliate” shall mean any entity that together with the Company is or at any relevant time was deemed to be a single employer within the meaning of Section 414 of the Code or Section 4001(b)(i) of ERISA.
(b) With respect to each Employee Plan, the Company has made available to Parent a current, true and complete copy (or, to the extent no such copy exists, an accurate description) thereof and, to the extent applicable: (i) any plan documents, contracts and/or agreements relating to any Employee Plan and amendments thereto; (ii) the most recent determination letter, if applicable; (iii) any summary plan description with respect to each Employee Plan and summaries of material modifications thereto; (iv) for the three most recent years (1) the Form 5500 and attached schedules, (2) reviewed financial statements, (3) actuarial valuation reports and (4) any non-discrimination testing results; and (v) any non-routine correspondence with any Governmental Authority in the past three (3) years.
(c) (i) Each Employee Plan is and has been established and administered in all material respects in accordance with its terms, and in compliance with the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 and other applicable Laws; (ii) each Employee Plan which is intended to be qualified within the meaning of Section 401(a) of the Code has received a favorable determination or IRS opinion letter as to its qualification, and nothing has occurred, whether by action or failure to act, that could reasonably be expected to cause the loss of such qualification; (iii) to the Company’s Knowledge, no event has occurred and no condition exists that would subject the Company, either directly or by reason of its affiliation with any ERISA Affiliate, to any material Tax, fine, Encumbrance (other than Permitted Encumbrances), penalty or other Liability imposed by ERISA, the Code or other applicable Laws; (iv) no Employee Plan is, or within the past six years has been, the subject of an application or filing under a government sponsored amnesty, voluntary compliance, or similar program, or been the subject of any self-correction under any such program; no “reportable event” (as such term is defined in Section 4043 of the Code) that could reasonably be expected; (v) no nonexempt “prohibited transaction” (as such term is defined in Section 406 of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code) has occurred with respect to any Employee Plan that has resulted or could reasonably be expected to result in material Liability to the Company; (vi) there is no present intention that any Employee Plan be materially amended, suspended or terminated, or otherwise modified to change benefits (or the levels thereof) under any Employee Plan at any time within the twelve months immediately following the date hereof; (vii) no Employee Plan is a split-dollar life insurance program or otherwise provides for loans to executive officers (within the meaning of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act); and (viii) the Company has not incurred any current or projected Liability in respect of post-employment or post-retirement health, medical or life insurance benefits for current, former or retired employees of the Company, except as required to avoid an excise tax
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under Section 4980B of the Code or otherwise except as may be required pursuant to any other applicable Law.
(d) No Employee Plan is (i) an “employee pension benefit plan” (within the meaning of Section 3(2) of ERISA) subject to Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code, (ii) a Multiemployer Plan, (iii) a funded welfare benefit plan within the meaning of Section 419 of the Code, (iv) a “multiple employer plan” (within the meaning of Section 210 of ERISA or Section 413(c) of the Code), or (v) a “multiple employer welfare arrangement” (as such term is defined in Section 3(40) of ERISA), and neither the Company nor any ERISA Affiliate has any obligation to contribute, and has not incurred any actual or contingent Liability or obligation (including any obligation to make any contribution) to or in respect of any such plans. No Employee Plan is a self-insured group health plan. No Employee Plan has any participating employers other than the Company.
(e) With respect to each Employee Plan, (i) no actions, suits or claims (other than routine claims for benefits in the ordinary course) are pending or to Company’s Knowledge Threatened; (ii) to the Company’s Knowledge no facts or circumstances exist that could give rise to any such actions, suits or claims; (iii) no administrative investigation, audit or other administrative proceeding by the Department of Labor, the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (the “PBGC”), the IRS or other governmental agencies are pending, in progress or to Company’s Knowledge Threatened (including any routine requests for information from the PBGC), (iv) all payments and/or contributions required to have been made with respect to all Employee Plans either have been timely made or have been accrued in accordance with the terms of the applicable Employee Plan and applicable law and (v) the Employee Plans satisfy in all material respects the minimum coverage, affordability and non-discrimination requirements under the Code.
(f) No Employee Plan or Legal Requirement exists that, as a result of the execution of this Agreement, approval of this Agreement by the Company’s board of directors, or the Contemplated Transactions (whether alone or in connection with any subsequent event(s)), would (i) result in severance pay, termination indemnity or any similar payment or any increase in severance pay, termination indemnity or any similar payment, (ii) accelerate the time of payment or vesting or result in any payment or funding (through a grantor trust or otherwise) of Compensation or benefits under, increase the amount payable or result in any other material obligation pursuant to, any of the Employee Plans, or (iii) result in payments or benefits which would not be deductible by reason of Section 280G of the Code or be subject to an excise tax under Section 4999 of the Code.
(g) No Compensation under any Employee Plan subject to Section 409A of the Code is or has been required to be includible in the gross income of any participant or beneficiary by reason of Section 409A(a)(i)(A) of the Code or is or has been subject to any additional tax in any material respect under Section 409A(a)(i)(B) of the Code, and no amounts are or have been includible in the gross income of any participants or beneficiaries by reason of Section 409A(b) of the Code.
2.15 Environmental Matters.
(a) The Company has complied in all material respects, and currently is in compliance in all material respects, with all applicable Environmental Laws. The Company has not received any unresolved written order or notice of any actual or potential violation or failure by the Company to comply with any Environmental Laws.
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(b) The Company has not received any unresolved written notice that there are any pending or Threatened Actions or Encumbrances arising under or pursuant to any Environmental Law with respect to or affecting any of the Facilities or Real Property.
(c) The Company has not Released any Contaminants, or owned or operated any property or facility that is or has been contaminated by any Contaminants, so as would reasonably be expected to give rise to any material Liability of the Company pursuant to any Environmental Laws.
(d) The Company has not contractually assumed, or provided any indemnity with respect to, any material Liability pursuant to any Environmental Laws of any other Person.
2.16 Contracts.
(a) Contracts. Except as disclosed on Schedule 2.16(a) (collectively with the Real Property Lease, the “Disclosed Contracts”), the Company is not bound by or a party to:
(i) any Contractual Obligation (or group of related Contractual Obligations) for the purchase or sale of inventory, raw materials, commodities, supplies, goods, products, equipment or other personal property, or for the furnishing or receipt of services, for which the Company paid, has an obligation to pay, received, or is entitled to receive, in excess of $50,000 for the year ended December 31, 2024;
(ii) (1) any capital lease or (2) any other lease or other Contractual Obligation relating to the Equipment providing for annual rental payments in excess of $50,000, under which any Equipment is held or used by the Company;
(iii) any Contractual Obligation relating to the lease or license of any Asset, including Technology and Intellectual Property (and including all customer license and maintenance agreements), other than (1) Real Property Leases or leases relating to the Equipment and (2) Contractual Obligations that include the license of Company Technology and are entered into by the Company in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(iv) any Contractual Obligation for the purchase or sale of products or for the furnishing or receipt of services (1) which involves annualized expenditure of more than $50,000, or (2) in which the Company has granted manufacturing rights, “most favored nation” or “best price” pricing provisions or marketing or distribution rights relating to any services, products or territory, or has agreed to purchase a minimum quantity of goods or services or has agreed to purchase goods or services exclusively from a certain party;
(v) any Contractual Obligation relating to the acquisition or disposition of (i) any business (whether by merger, consolidation or other business combination, sale of securities, sale of assets or otherwise) or (ii) any Asset other than in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(vi) any Contractual Obligation under which the Company is, or may become, obligated to pay any amount in respect of indemnification obligations, purchase price adjustment or otherwise in connection with any (1) acquisition or disposition of assets or securities (other than the sale of inventory in the Ordinary Course of Business), (2) merger, consolidation or other business combination or (3) series or group of related transactions or events of the type specified in the immediately preceding clauses (1) and (2).
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(vii) any Contractual Obligation concerning or consisting of a partnership, limited liability company or joint venture agreement or any other relationship involving the sharing of profits, losses or costs;
(viii) any Contractual Obligation (or group of related Contractual Obligations) (1) under which the Company has created, incurred, assumed or guaranteed any Indebtedness or (2) under which the Company has permitted any Asset to become subject to an Encumbrance, other than a Permitted Encumbrance;
(ix) any Contractual Obligation under which any other Person has guaranteed any Indebtedness of the Company;
(x) any Contractual Obligation involving any obligation on the part of the Company to refrain from competing with any Person, from soliciting any employees, independent contractors or customers of any Person or from conducting any other lawful commercial activity (including in any geographic region);
(xi) any Contractual Obligation under which the Company is, or may become, obligated to incur any severance pay, retention, change of control, or other compensation which would become payable by reason of this Agreement or the Contemplated Transactions;
(xii) any Contractual Obligations with any labor union or other labor organization, including any collective bargaining agreement;
(xiii) any Contractual Obligation under which the Company has, or may have, any Liability to any investment bank, broker, financial advisor, finder or other similar Person (including an obligation to pay any legal, accounting, brokerage, finder’s, or similar fees or expenses in connection with this Agreement or the Contemplated Transactions);
(xiv) any Contractual Obligation providing for the employment or consultancy (including on an independent contractor basis) with an individual (or in the case of a consultant or independent contractor, an entity) providing for Compensation in excess of $50,000 per annum (other than an Employee Plan) and that is not terminable at-will by the Company;
(xv) any Contractual Obligation under which the Company has advanced or loaned an amount to any of its Affiliates or Company Employee (other than travel allowances in the Ordinary Course of Business);
(xvi) any Contractual Obligation with any (i) Stockholder or (ii) current or former officer, director or employee of the Company or any Affiliate thereof that is not related to such Person’s employment or service as a director.
(xvii) any settlement, conciliation or similar Contractual Obligations imposing an obligation on the Company after the date hereof;
(xviii) any Contractual Obligation that limits the ability of the Company or any of its Affiliates to incur any Indebtedness or to Guarantee any Indebtedness or other obligation of any Person, or that limits the amount of any Indebtedness that the Company may incur or Guarantee, or prohibits it from granting any Encumbrance, or than any Permitted Encumbrance, on any Asset to secure any Indebtedness incurred or Guaranteed;
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(xix) any Contractual Obligation under which the consequences of a default or termination could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;
(xx) any Contractual Obligation that cannot be terminated by the Company for convenience that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; or
(xxi) any Contractual Obligation not otherwise disclosed on Schedule 2.16(a) and (A) pursuant to which the Company has an aggregate future liability to any Person in excess of $50,000, (B) entered into other than in the Ordinary Course of Business or other than on arms-length terms, or (C) that is material to the conduct or operation of the Business.
(b) The Company has made available to Parent true, accurate and complete copies of each written Contractual Obligation (or to the extent no such copy exists, an accurate description thereof) listed on Schedule 2.16(a), in each case, as amended or otherwise modified and in effect.
(c) Breach, etc. Neither the Company nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any other party to any Disclosed Contract is in material breach or violation of, or default under, or has repudiated any provision of, any Disclosed Contract (including all warranty obligations or otherwise), nor to the Company’s Knowledge has any event occurred which, with the passage of time or the giving of notice, or both, would constitute a material breach or violation of, or default under, any Disclosed Contract (including all warranty obligations or otherwise). No party to any Disclosed Contract has given the Company written notice of any action to terminate, cancel, rescind or procure a judicial reformation any Disclosed Contract nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, are there any circumstances which are reasonably likely to lead to any of the foregoing.
2.17 Affiliate Transactions. Except for any Organizational Document, any Disclosed Contract or Employee Plan and the matters disclosed on Schedule 2.17, no Stockholder nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any Affiliate or Members of the Immediate Family thereof, directly or indirectly, is an officer, director, employee, consultant, competitor, creditor, debtor, customer, distributor, supplier or vendor of, or is a party to any Contractual Obligation with, the Company. Except for any Disclosed Contract and as disclosed on Schedule 2.17, no Stockholder nor to the Company’s Knowledge, any Affiliate or Members of the Immediate Family thereof owns or has any ownership interest in any Asset used in, or necessary to, the Business. Except for any Organizational Document, any Disclosed Contract or Employee Plan and as disclosed on Schedule 2.17, no officer, director or employee of the Company is, directly or indirectly, a creditor, debtor, customer, distributor, supplier or vendor of, or is a party to any Contractual Obligation with, the Company.
2.18 Employees.
(a) A true, correct and complete schedule of all employees of the Company, including (i) name; (ii) title or position (including whether full or part time); (iii) hire date; (iv) whether paid on a salary, hourly or commission basis and the employee’s current annual base salary, hourly rate or other rate of compensation; (v) commission, bonus or other incentive-based compensation potential; (vi) whether classified as exempt or non-exempt for wage and hour purposes; (vii) any visa or work permit status and the date of expiration, if applicable; and (viii) obligations to make any severance, bonus, retention, change in control or any other payments in connection with the Contemplated Transactions, has been provided to Parent. No employee of the Company within the last three years is bound by a non-competition or non-solicitation Contractual Obligation with the Company.
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(b) A true, correct and complete schedule of all Company Independent Contractors, including (i) engagement date; (ii) end date (if applicable); (iii) role in the business; (iv) work location; (v) fee or compensation arrangements; and (vi) any other material contractual terms with the Company has been provided to Parent.
(c) There are no and never have been any work slowdowns, lockouts, stoppages, picketings, strikes, or similar labor activities, or to Company’s Knowledge, Threatened between the Company, on the one hand, and its employees, on the other hand. (i) No employee of the Company is represented by a labor union, association or representative body in connection with such employee’s employment with the Company, (ii) the Company is not and never has been a party to, or otherwise subject to, any collective bargaining agreement or other labor union, association or representative body Contractual Obligation, (iii) no petition has been filed or proceedings instituted by an employee or group of employees of the Company with any labor relations board seeking recognition of a bargaining representative and (iv) there is no organizational effort currently being made or, to Company’s Knowledge, Threatened by, or on behalf of, any labor union, association or representative body to organize employees of the Company and no demand for recognition of employees of the Company has been made by, or on behalf of, any labor union, association, representative body, or other Governmental Authority. The Company is not a party to, or otherwise bound by, any consent decree with, or citation or other Governmental Order relating to employees or employment practices.
(d) The Company is and has been for the last three (3) years in compliance in all material respects with applicable Legal Requirements and Contractual Obligations to which the Company is a party relating to employment, independent contractors, employment practices, wages, hours, and terms and conditions of employment, including the obligations of the Fair Labor Standards Act and the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of 1988 (“WARN”), and all other notification and bargaining obligations arising under any collective bargaining agreement, by Legal Requirement or otherwise, labor relations, harassment, discrimination, retaliation, reasonable accommodation, civil rights, immigration, equal employment opportunities, fair employment practices, work authorization and immigration, child labor, meal and break periods, affirmative action, leaves of absences, unemployment insurance, and safety and health and workers’ compensation. The Company has not effectuated a “plant closing” or “mass layoff” (as those terms are defined in WARN) that required compliance with the notice requirement under WARN, or implemented any early retirement, separation or window program within the past five (5) years nor has the Company planned or announced any such action or program for the future. Other than the Key Employees, no executive officer or key employee intends to continue to provide services to the Company following the Contemplated Transactions. All Company Independent Contractors are currently and have been properly treated as independent contractors under all applicable Laws. All employees of the Company classified as exempt under the Fair Labor Standards Act and state and local wage and hour laws are currently and have been properly classified. The Company is not liable for any payment to any trust or other fund governed by or maintained by or on behalf of any Governmental Authority with respect to unemployment compensation benefits, social security or other benefits or obligations for employees (other than routine payments to be made in the normal course of business and consistent with past practice).
(e) The Company is not delinquent in payments to any of its (a) employees for any earned but unpaid wages, salaries, overtime pay, commissions, bonuses, or any other earned but unpaid Compensation or as otherwise required by Legal Requirement or (b) except as set forth in the Closing Statement, Company Independent Contractors for earned, accrued but unpaid fees for any services arising under any Contractual Obligation to which the Company is a party or as otherwise required by Legal Requirement. To the Company’s Knowledge, none of the Company’s employment policies or practices is currently being audited or investigated by any Governmental Authority. Currently and within the three (3)
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years preceding the date of this Agreement, the Company is, and has not been involved in any way in, any form of litigation, governmental audit, governmental investigation, administrative agency proceeding, private dispute resolution procedure, or investigation of alleged employee misconduct, in each case with respect to employment or labor matters (including but not limited to allegations of employment discrimination, retaliation, noncompliance with wage and hour laws, the misclassification of independent contractors or employees, violation of restrictive covenants, sexual harassment, other unlawful harassment or unfair labor practices). To the Company’s Knowledge, there is no Threatened Action, unfair labor practice charge, or other charge or inquiry against the Company brought by or on behalf of any employee, prospective employee, former employee, retiree, labor organization or other representative of the Company’s employees, or other individual or any Governmental Authority with respect to employment practices brought by or before any Governmental Authority.
(f) To the Company’s Knowledge, (i) no contractor of the Company is subject to any Contractual Obligation or Legal Requirement that would interfere with such contractor’s performance of services to the Company or otherwise interfere with the Business; (ii) the conduct of the Business has not, and the consummation of the Contemplated Transactions will not, result in a material breach of the terms, conditions or provisions, or constitute a default under any Contractual Obligation under which any employee, officer, contractor or consultant of the Company is obligated with the Company and (iii) no Key Employee or group of employees has expressed any plans to terminate his, her or their employment with the Company.
2.19 Litigation; Governmental Orders.
(a) Litigation. There is no Action to which the Company is a party (whether as plaintiff, defendant or otherwise) or to which its Assets are subject pending, or to the Company’s Knowledge, Threatened. There is no Action that the Company presently intends to initiate.
(b) Governmental Orders. No Governmental Order has been issued that is directly applicable to the Company, the Assets or the Business.
2.20 Insurance. The Company has never maintained insurance. The Company does not have any self-insurance arrangements affecting the Company.
2.21 Banking Facilities. Schedule 2.21 sets forth a true, correct and complete list of: (a) each bank, savings and loan or similar financial institution with which the Company has an account or safety deposit box or other arrangement; (b) the names of all Persons authorized to draw on any such account or to have access to any such safety deposit box facility or such other arrangement; and (c) any outstanding powers of attorney executed by or on behalf of the Company in respect of any such account, safety deposit box or other arrangement.
2.22 Powers of Attorney. The Company has no general or special powers of attorney outstanding (whether as grantor or grantee thereof).
2.23 No Brokers. No broker, finder, investment banker or agent is entitled to any brokerage, finder’s or other fee or commission in connection with the Contemplated Transactions based upon any arrangements by or on behalf of the Company, for which Merger Sub, Parent or the Company may become liable.
2.24 Taxes.
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(a) All income and other material Tax Returns required to be filed by, or with respect to, the Company have been accurately prepared and timely filed (taking into account any available extensions) in accordance with all applicable Laws. All of those Tax Returns are true, correct and complete in all material respects. All material Taxes imposed on the Company or for which the Company may otherwise be liable, whether or not shown on a Tax Return, have been paid within the time and in the manner prescribed by applicable Law.
(b) The Company has provided to Parent true, accurate and complete copies of all Income Tax Returns filed by the Company.
(c) No written agreement or document extending the period of assessment or collection of any Tax payable by the Company is currently in effect, and there are no currently outstanding requests or demands from a Taxing Authority to extend or waive any period of limitations. To the Company’s Knowledge, no audit or other proceeding by any Taxing Authority is pending with respect to any Taxes or Tax Returns of the Company. The Company has made available correct and complete copies of all audit, examination, revenue agent’s and other reports of, and any closing agreement with, any Taxing Authority relating to the Company with respect to all taxable periods.
(d) There are no Encumbrances, other than Permitted Encumbrances, on any of the assets of the Company that arose in connection with any failure (or alleged failure) to pay any Tax.
(e) The Company does not have any material liability for Taxes incurred after December 31, 2024 other than Taxes incurred by it in the ordinary course of business or in connection with the Contemplated Transactions.
(f) The Company (i) has not been a member of an Affiliated Group for Tax purposes other than the Affiliated Group the common parent of which is the Company, (ii) has no liability for Taxes of any other Person (A) under Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6 (or any comparable provision of Tax Law) other than as a result of being a member of the Affiliated Group the common parent of which is the Company, (B) as a transferee or successor, or (C) otherwise by operation of Law and (iii) is not and has never been a party to or bound by or had any Liability or potential Liability with respect to any Tax Sharing Agreement.
(g) (i) The Company is not, nor has it ever been, subject to income Tax in any country other than the United States by virtue of having a permanent establishment, trade or business, office or other fixed place of business or other presence in that jurisdiction, and (ii) no claim has ever been made in writing by a Taxing Authority against the Company in a jurisdiction where the Company does not file Tax Returns that the Company is or may be subject to taxation in that jurisdiction.
(h) The Company has collected and withheld all material Taxes required to be collected and withheld by it and duly paid over to the appropriate Taxing Authority all amounts of those Taxes, including all Taxes required by applicable Law with respect to amounts paid or owing to any non-U.S. person, employee (including with respect to any salaries, wages and other Compensation), independent contractor, creditor, stockholder or other third party.
(i) The Company has not been a “distributing corporation” or a “controlled corporation” in a distribution of stock intended to qualify for tax-free or partly tax-free treatment under Section 355 of the Code.
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(j) The Company is not currently and has not been a United States real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the Code during the applicable period specified in Section 897(c)(1)(A)(ii) of the Code.
(k) No closing agreement pursuant to Section 7121 of the Code (or any predecessor provision) (or any similar or corresponding provision of any state, local or non-U.S. Law) has been entered into by the Company.
(l) The Company is not a partnership, a partner in a partnership or a party to any joint venture, contract or other arrangement that is properly treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. The Company does not own any interest in any “controlled foreign corporation” (as defined in Section 957 of the Code), “passive foreign investment company” (as defined in Section 1297 of the Code) or other entity the income of which is or could be required to be included in the income of the Company.
(m) The Company will not be required to include any material item of income in, or exclude any material item of deduction from, taxable income for any taxable period (or portion thereof) ending on or after the Closing Date as a result of (i) an open transaction disposition made on or before the Closing Date, (ii) a prepaid amount, deposit, advance payment or deferred revenue received or arising on or before the Closing Date outside of the Ordinary Course of Business, (iii) the application of the installment method of accounting or the long-term contract method of accounting, in each case, to any transaction occurring on or before the Closing Date, or (iv) any change in its method of accounting for a taxable period (or portion thereof) ending on or before the Closing Date, including by reason of Section 481 of the Code, or any comparable provisions of other applicable Tax Law.
(n) The Company has not consummated or participated in, and is not currently participating in any transaction that was or is a “listed transaction” within the meaning of Section 6707A(c)(2) of the Code or Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4(b)(2).
(o) All private letter rulings issued by the Internal Revenue Service to the Company (and any similar or corresponding ruling or determination of any state, local or non-U.S. Taxing Authority) have been disclosed on Schedule 2.24(o), and there are no pending written requests for any such rulings (or corresponding determinations).
(p) The Company has not ever been an S corporation (within the meaning of Section 1361(a)(1) of the Code).
(q) The Company has not taken or agreed to take any action, and the Company is not aware of any fact or circumstance, that could reasonably be expected to prevent or impede the Merger from qualifying as a Reorganization.
(r) The Company does not have any Subsidiaries.
(s) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, no representation or warranty in this Agreement, other than those set forth in Sections 2.24(f), (i), (k), (l) or (m) is made with respect to Taxes payable by or with respect to the Company for any taxable period (or portion thereof) beginning after the Closing Date. The Company makes no representation or warranty regarding the amount, value or condition of, or any limitations on, any Tax Attribute of the Company, including the ability of Parent or any of its Affiliates to utilize any such Tax Attributes after the Closing.
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2.25 No Additional Representations. THE COMPANY ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT, EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN SECTION 3, NEITHER PARENT NOR MERGER SUB, NOR ANY REPRESENTATIVE OF PARENT OR MERGER SUB OR ANY OTHER PERSON MAKES ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, AT LAW OR IN EQUITY, WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE CONTEMPLATED TRANSACTIONS, PARENT OR MERGER SUB, OR ANY INFORMATION PROVIDED OR MADE AVAILABLE TO THE COMPANY OR ITS REPRESENTATIVES IN CONNECTION WITH THE CONTEMPLATED TRANSACTIONS (INCLUDING ANY FORECASTS, PROJECTIONS, ESTIMATES OR BUSINESS PLANS), AND ALL OTHER SUCH REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES ARE HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED.
3. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB.
In order to induce the Company to enter into and perform this Agreement and to consummate the Contemplated Transactions, Parent and Merger Sub hereby jointly and severally represent and warrant to the Company as follows:
3.1 Organization. Each of Parent and Merger Sub is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has all corporate power and authority to own its properties and to carry on its business as it is now being conducted.
3.2 Capitalization of Parent and Merger Sub.
(a) The authorized capital stock of Parent is 500,000,000 shares of Parent Common Stock, 69,362,439 of which are outstanding as of the second (2nd) Business Day immediately preceding the date of this Agreement, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, none of which are outstanding. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of Parent were duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable.
(b) The authorized capital stock of Merger Sub is 5,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, all of which are outstanding. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of Merger Sub were duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable.
3.3 Valid Issuance of Parent Common Stock. The shares of Parent Common Stock to be issued pursuant to this Agreement (including the shares of Parent Common Stock issuable pursuant to the exercise of Parent Stock Options) will, when issued, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable (assuming, in the case of the shares of Parent Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Parent Stock Options, the Company’s receipt of the consideration payable for such shares of Parent Common Stock in accordance with the terms of the Parent Stock Options) and issued in compliance with federal and state securities Laws, free and clear of all Encumbrances.
3.4 Power and Authorization. The execution, delivery and performance by each of Parent and Merger Sub of this Agreement and the consummation of the Contemplated Transactions, including the Merger, are within the power and authority of Parent and Merger Sub and have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of Parent and Merger Sub, and no other corporate or other action on the part of Parent or Merger Sub or any other Person is necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub or the consummation by Parent and Merger Sub of the Contemplated Transactions, other than the approval of Parent as the sole Stockholder of Merger Sub,
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which approval shall have been obtained on or prior to the date hereof. This Agreement (a) has been duly executed and delivered by Parent and Merger Sub and (b) is a legal, valid and binding obligation of Parent and Merger Sub, Enforceable against Parent and Merger Sub in accordance with its terms (subject to the Enforceability Exceptions).
3.5 Consents and Approvals. Except for the filing of the Certificate of Merger, no consent, approval, authorization or other action by, or filing with or notification to, any Governmental Authority on the part of Parent or Merger Sub is required for, or in connection with the valid and lawful (a) execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the Transaction Agreements or (b) the consummation of the Contemplated Transactions. No vote or other action of the stockholders of Parent is required by applicable Law, any rules or regulations of any securities exchange on which the securities of Parent may be listed or traded, Parent’s Organizational Documents or otherwise in order for Parent and Merger Sub to consummate the Merger and the Contemplated Transactions.
3.6 Non-contravention. Neither the execution, delivery and performance by Parent and Merger Sub of this Agreement nor the consummation of the Contemplated Transactions will:
(i) violate any provision of any Legal Requirement applicable to Parent or Merger Sub;
(ii) conflict with, result in a breach or violation of, or default under, or give rise to a right for any third-party to accelerate, terminate or obtain any prepayment penalty under (in any such case, with or without notice, lapse of time or both) any Contractual Obligation of Parent or Merger Sub;
(iii) require any action by (including any authorization, consent or approval) or in respect of (including notice to), any Person under any Contractual Obligation; or
(iv) result in a breach or violation of, or default under, Parent’s or Merger Sub’s respective Organizational Documents.
3.7 No Brokers. No broker, finder, investment banker or agent is entitled to any brokerage, finder’s or other fee or commission in connection with the Contemplated Transactions based upon any arrangements by or on behalf of Parent or Merger Sub for which Merger Sub, Parent or the Company may become liable.
3.8 Reorganization Status. Parent is a domestic corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and the Parent Common Stock is voting stock within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code. Parent has not taken or agreed to take any action, and Parent is not aware of any fact or circumstance, that could reasonably be expected to prevent or impede the Merger from qualifying as a Reorganization.
3.9 Parent SEC Reports; Financial Statements.
(a) Since January 1, 2024, Parent has timely filed with or furnished to, as applicable, the SEC all forms, reports, statements and other documents (including exhibits and all other information incorporation by reference) required to be filed or furnished by it under the 1933 Act or Exchange Act (the “Parent SEC Reports”). Such reports, including any financial statements or schedules included therein, when filed, complied in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the 1933 Act, Exchange
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Act or Sarbanes-Oxley Act, as the case may be, and the applicable rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(b) Each of the consolidated financial statements (including, in each case, any notes thereto) contained (or incorporated by reference) in the Parent SEC Reports was prepared in accordance with GAAP (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto or, in the case of unaudited statements, as permitted by Form 10-Q of the SEC) and each fairly presents, in all material respects, the consolidated financial condition, results of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows of Parent and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of the respective dates thereof and for the respective periods indicated therein (subject, in the case of unaudited financial statements, to normal year-end adjustments).
(c) Parent maintains disclosure controls and procedures required by Rule 13a-15 or Rule 15d-15 under the Exchange Act and such controls and procedures were, as of the most recent management evaluation as required by applicable SEC rules, effective to ensure that all material information concerning Parent and its Subsidiaries is made known on a timely basis to the individuals responsible for the preparation of Parent’s SEC filings and other public disclosure documents.
(d) None of the Parent SEC Reports at the time they were filed (or, if amended or superseded by a subsequent filing prior to the date hereof, as of the date of the last such amendment or superseding filing), contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except that information filed or furnished as of a later date (but before the date of this Agreement) shall be deemed to modify information as of an earlier date. To the knowledge of Parent, none of the Parent SEC Reports is the subject of ongoing SEC review or outstanding SEC investigation and there are no outstanding or unresolved comments received from the SEC with respect to any of the Parent SEC Reports.
3.10 Securities Law Matters.
(a) The Parent Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, and no securities commission or similar regulatory authority has issued any order preventing or suspending trading of any securities of Parent.
(b) Parent is in compliance in all material respects with all of the applicable listing and corporate governance rules of Nasdaq for the continued listing of the Parent Common Stock thereon.
(c) To the knowledge of Parent, no delisting, suspension of trading or cease trading order with respect to any securities of Parent is pending or Threatened.
3.11 Governmental Orders. Except as set forth in the Parent SEC Reports, no Governmental Order has been issued that is directly applicable to Parent, its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses or material assets that could reasonably be expected to be materially adverse to the business, operations, assets, condition (financial or otherwise) or results of operations of Parent, or prevent or materially delay Parent’s ability to perform its obligations hereunder.
3.12 No Prior Merger Sub Operations. Merger Sub was formed solely for the purpose of effecting the Merger and has not engaged in any business activities or conducted any operations other than in connection with the Contemplated Transactions.
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3.13 Litigation. There is no Action pending, or to the knowledge of Parent, Threatened against Parent or Merger Sub that would delay, restrain, prevent, enjoin or otherwise prohibit the consummation of the Merger and/or the Contemplated Transactions.
3.14 No Additional Representations. EACH OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT, EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN SECTION 2, NEITHER THE COMPANY NOR ITS REPRESENTATIVES OR ANY OTHER PERSON MAKES ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, AT LAW OR IN EQUITY, WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE CONTEMPLATED TRANSACTIONS, THE COMPANY, OR ANY INFORMATION PROVIDED OR MADE AVAILABLE TO PARENT, MERGER SUB OR THEIR REPRESENTATIVES IN CONNECTION WITH THE CONTEMPLATED TRANSACTIONS (INCLUDING ANY FORECASTS, PROJECTIONS, ESTIMATES, BUDGETS OR BUSINESS PLANS), AND ALL OTHER SUCH REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES ARE HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED.
4. COVENANTS
4.1 Confidentiality. The Stockholders acknowledge that the success of the Company after the Closing Date depends upon the continued preservation of the confidentiality of certain information possessed by the Stockholders, that the preservation of the confidentiality of such information by the Stockholders is an essential premise of the bargain among the Company, Parent and Merger Sub, and that both Parent and Merger Sub would be unwilling to enter into this Agreement in the absence of this Section 4.1. Accordingly, the Stockholders hereby agree with Parent and Merger Sub that, the Stockholders and their respective Representatives will not, and that the Stockholders will cause their respective Affiliates not to, (a) if the Surviving Corporation does not execute the License on or prior to the first anniversary of the Closing Date, until the first anniversary of the Closing Date or (b) if the Surviving Corporation does execute the License on or prior to the first anniversary of the Closing Date, at any time after the Closing Date, directly or indirectly, without the prior written consent of Parent, disclose or use any confidential or proprietary information involving or relating to the Business or the Company, including, but not limited to, (1) supplier information, including lists of names and addresses of suppliers of the Company or their Affiliates, (2) business plans and strategies, Compensation plans, Compensation information, sales plans and strategies, pricing and other terms applicable to transactions between existing and prospective customers, suppliers or business associates of the Company, (3) market research and databases, sources of leads and methods of obtaining new business, and methods of purchasing, marketing, selling, performing and pricing products and services employed by the Company, (4) information concerning the configuration and architecture, technical data, networks, methods, practices, standards and capacities of the Company’s information systems, all Software owned or leased by the Company in the conduct of the Business, and Company Technology, (5) information identified as confidential and/or proprietary in internal Company documents and (6) all information that would be a Company trade secret under any applicable Law; provided, however, that the information subject to the foregoing provisions of this sentence will not include any information generally available to, or known by, the public (other than as a result of disclosure in violation hereof); and provided, further, that the provisions of this Section 4.1 will not prohibit any retention of copies of records or disclosure (i) required by any applicable Legal Requirement so long as reasonable prior notice is given to Parent of such retention and disclosure and a reasonable opportunity is afforded to Parent to contest the same, (ii) made in connection with the enforcement of any right or remedy relating to, or the performance of any obligation arising under, this Agreement or the Contemplated Transactions, (iii) of information obtained by a Stockholder or his, her, or its Representatives on a non-confidential basis from a third party that, to the Stockholder’s knowledge, was not contractually restricted from disclosing such information, or (iv)
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to Tax, accounting, legal, financial or business advisors who have a need for such information and agree to keep such information confidential (or are otherwise bound by customary duties of confidentiality). The Stockholders agree that they shall be responsible for any breach or violation of the provisions of this Section 4.1 by any of their respective Representatives.
4.2 Parent Equity Issuances. Promptly following the Closing, Parent will issue to the individuals named on Schedule 4.2 the number of Parent Stock Options, and the vesting schedule thereof, set forth opposite such individuals’ respective names. The Parent Stock Options shall be issued pursuant to the Parent Stock Plan.
4.3 Bank Accounts; Powers of Attorney. At the Closing, at Merger Sub’s request, the Company shall cause, and Sellers’ Representative shall use reasonable best efforts to cause, Merger Sub’s designees to be added, and the Company’s respective designees to be removed, as signatories with respect to the Company’s bank accounts and to terminate any powers of attorney in respect of such accounts.
4.4 Surviving Corporation Strategy. Following the Closing, Parent shall use commercially reasonable efforts to negotiate in good faith an in-license (the “License”) of certain programs from [***], as set forth on Exhibit C. Parent and Merger Sub covenant and agree that the Company, prior to the Effective Time, and the Surviving Corporation, after the Effective Time, is and will continue to remain a party to those certain letters listed on Schedule 4.4 (the “IP Reversion Letters”) and will continue to be bound by their terms such that, if the Surviving Corporation does not execute the License as of the first anniversary of the Closing Date, Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation to, and the Surviving Corporation shall, effect the Reversion (as that term is defined in the IP Reversion Letters) with respect to the applicable counterparties of each IP Reversion Letter. Parent and Merger Sub further covenant and agree that: (a) Parent will not permit the Surviving Corporation to, and the Surviving Corporation shall not, assign, sell, transfer or convey any of the subject matter of any Reversion to any third party without the prior written consent of Sellers’ Representative until the earlier of (i) the effectuation of all Reversions or (ii) execution of the License; (b) the counterparties to the IP Reversion Letters would suffer irreparable damage if Parent, Merger Sub or the Surviving Corporation were to breach the foregoing clause (a) for which money damages would not be a sufficient remedy; and (c) Sellers’ Representative, on behalf of the counterparties to the IP Reversion Letters, shall be entitled to specific performance and injunctive and other equitable relief as a remedy for any such breach or threatened breach of the covenants in clause (a), in addition to all other remedies available at law.
4.5 Directors. In connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Parent Board shall increase the size of the Board to eight (8) directors and appoint Vincent Aurentz to fill the vacancy resulting from such increase as a Class I director, to serve until Parent’s 2027 annual meeting of stockholders.
4.6 Employees.
(a) Parent will use commercially reasonable efforts to treat, or cause the Surviving Corporation to treat, and cause the applicable Employee Plans to treat, the service of the Company Employees with the Company attributable to any period before the Effective Time as service rendered to Parent, the Surviving Corporation or any applicable Affiliate of Parent for purposes of eligibility, vesting, and accrual under Parent’s, the Surviving Corporation’s or any applicable Affiliate(s)’ paid time off program, severance program, and health or welfare plan(s) maintained by Parent, the Surviving Corporation or any applicable Affiliate and in which the Company Employees participate, and for eligibility and vesting
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purposes under Parent’s, the Surviving Corporation’s or any applicable Affiliate(s)’ defined contribution plans in which the Company Employees participate, except where credit would result in duplication of benefits and solely to the extent service was credited to such employee for such purposes under a comparable Employee Plan immediately prior to the Closing Date. Without limiting the foregoing, to the extent that any Company Employee participates in any health plan of Parent, the Surviving Corporation or any Affiliate(s) of Parent following the Effective Time, Parent, the Surviving Corporation or any applicable Affiliate(s) shall use commercially reasonable efforts to procure that (A) any pre-existing conditions or limitations, eligibility waiting periods or required physical examinations be waived with respect to the Company Employees and their eligible dependents, to the extent waived under the corresponding plan in which the Company Employee participated immediately prior to the Effective Time, and (B) any deductibles, co-insurance and covered out-of-pocket expenses paid by a Company Employee (or covered dependent thereof) under any of the Company’s health plans in the plan year in which the Effective Time occurs shall be credited towards deductibles, co-insurance and maximum out-of-pocket provisions under the health plan(s) of Parent, the Surviving Corporation or any applicable Affiliate(s) in which such Company Employee participates.
(b) The provisions of this Section 4.6 are solely for the benefit of the parties to this Agreement, and no Company Employee (including any beneficiary or dependent thereof) or any other person shall be regarded for any purpose as a third-party beneficiary of the Agreement and no provision of this Section 4.6 shall create such rights in any such persons. Nothing in this Agreement shall confer upon any Company Employee any right to continue in the employ or service of Parent, the Surviving Corporation or an Affiliate of Parent, or shall interfere with or restrict in any way the rights of Parent, the Surviving Corporation or an Affiliate of Parent, which rights are hereby expressly reserved, to discharge or terminate the services of any Company Employee at any time for any reason whatsoever, with or without cause. Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement to the contrary, nothing in this Section 4.6 shall (i) be deemed or construed to be an amendment or other modification of any Employee Plan or Parent employee benefit plan, or (ii) create any third party rights in any current or former employee, director or other service provider of Parent, the Company or any of their respective affiliates (or any beneficiaries or dependents thereof).
4.7 Officers and Directors Insurance and Indemnification. Prior to the Closing Date, the Company may obtain, at its sole expense, a prepaid extended reporting period or tail policy insuring the current and former officers or directors of the Company (the “D&O Indemnified Persons”) under the current program of directors’ and officers’ liability insurance maintained by the Company which would be effective commencing on the Closing Date and ending six (6) years thereafter (the “D&O Term”) and which would afford coverage for actual or alleged acts or omissions occurring on or prior to the Closing Date including with respect to the Contemplated Transactions (the “D&O Tail Insurance”). Parent will cause the Surviving Corporation to enforce any such D&O Tail Insurance upon request of the D&O Indemnified Persons and will cause the Surviving Corporation to not cancel any such D&O Tail Insurance during the D&O Term. In addition, Parent and the Surviving Corporation agree that all rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses and exculpation by the Company now existing in favor of each D&O Indemnified Person as provided in the Organizational Documents of the Company or written agreement providing for indemnification of such individual and made available to Parent prior to the date of this Agreement, in each case as in effect on the date of this Agreement, or pursuant to any other contract, agreement or other arrangement in effect on the date hereof, shall be assumed by the Surviving Corporation, without further action, and shall remain in full force and effect in accordance with their terms other than in connection with any amendment, replacement or modification that would not materially and adversely affect the rights of the D&O Indemnified Persons thereunder or an amendment, replacement or modification which is required by applicable Law, and, in the event that any proceeding
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is pending or asserted or any claim made during such period, until the final disposition of such proceeding or claim. The obligations of Parent and the Surviving Corporation and its successors under this Section 4.7 shall not be terminated, amended or otherwise modified in such a manner as to materially and adversely affect any D&O Indemnified Person (or his or her heirs, personal representatives, successors or assigns) without the prior written consent of such D&O Indemnified Person (or his or her heirs, personal representatives, successors or assigns, as applicable).
5. INDEMNIFICATION.
5.1 Indemnification by the Stockholders.
(a) Subject to the limitations set forth in this Section 5, from and after Closing, the Stockholders, severally and not jointly, in accordance with the Stockholders’ respective Pro Rata Interests, shall indemnify and hold harmless Parent, Merger Sub and each of their respective Affiliates (including, following the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation), and the respective Representatives and Affiliates of each of the foregoing Persons (each, a “Parent Indemnified Person”), from, against and in respect of any and all Losses, whether or not involving a Third Party Claim, incurred or suffered by Parent Indemnified Persons or any of them as a result of, in connection with, or arising from:
(i) any breach of, or inaccuracy in, any representation or warranty made by the Company in Section 2 or in any certificate delivered by the Company at Closing pursuant to this Agreement;
(ii) any breach or violation of any covenant or agreement of the Company to the extent required to be performed or complied with by the Company (including under this Section 5), in or pursuant to this Agreement;
(iii) any Seller Transaction Expenses, to the extent the Merger Consideration (as finally determined in accordance with Section 1.10) was not reduced by such Seller Transaction Expenses;
(iv) any Indebtedness (other than Indemnified Taxes) that remains outstanding as of immediately prior to the Closing, to the extent the Merger Consideration (as finally determined in accordance with Section 1.10) was not reduced by such Indebtedness; or
(v) any Indemnified Taxes to the extent not taken into account in the calculation of the Merger Consideration.
(b) Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, for purposes of determining whether any representation or warranty is inaccurate or has been breached and for purposes of determining the amount of Losses arising therefrom, the representations and warranties of the Company shall not be deemed qualified by any references to materiality, Material Adverse Effect or any similar qualifier (as if such words or phrases were deleted from such representation and warranty).
5.2 Indemnity by Parent and the Surviving Corporation. Subject to the limitations set forth in this Section 5, from and after the Effective Time, Parent and the Surviving Corporation, jointly and severally, will indemnify and hold harmless the Stockholders and their respective Affiliates, and the respective Representatives and Affiliates of each of the foregoing Persons (each, a “Seller Indemnified
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Person”), from, against and in respect of any and all Losses incurred or suffered by Seller Indemnified Persons or any of them as a result of, arising out of or relating to, directly or indirectly:
(a) any breach of, or inaccuracy in, any representation or warranty made by Parent or Merger Sub in Section 3 or in any certificate delivered by Parent or Merger Sub at Closing pursuant to this Agreement; or
(b) any breach or violation of any covenant or agreement of Parent or Merger Sub (including under this Section 5) or any covenant or agreement of the Surviving Corporation to the extent required to be performed or complied with by the Surviving Corporation after the Effective Time, in either case in or pursuant to this Agreement.
5.3 Survival of Representations and Warranties.
(a) The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and shall remain in full force and effect until the date that is twelve (12) months following the Closing Date; provided, that, the Fundamental Representations shall terminate ninety (90) days after the date upon which the applicable statute of limitations with respect to the Liabilities in question expire.
(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, any representation or warranty in respect of which indemnity may be sought under Section 5.1 and Section 5.2, and the indemnity with respect thereto, shall survive the time at which it would otherwise terminate pursuant to this Section 5.3 if notice of a Third Party Claim or a Direct Claim Notice giving rise to such right or potential right of indemnity shall have been given to the party against whom such indemnity may be sought (in each case in accordance with this Section 5) prior to the applicable termination date (regardless of when the Losses in respect thereof may actually be incurred), and any such representation or warranty shall survive thereafter for the maximum period permitted by Law in respect of any such claim for which notice has been given in accordance with this Section 5 prior to such applicable termination date.
(c) Notwithstanding anything in this Section 5 to the contrary, in the event of any claim for Fraud against a Stockholder, the relevant representation or warranty shall survive consummation of the Contemplated Transactions and continue in full force and effect against such Stockholder that committed the Fraud without any time limitation and such claims shall be made solely against such Stockholder who committed the Fraud.
5.4 Limitations on Indemnification.
(a) Notwithstanding Section 5.1(a)(i) hereof, the Stockholders shall not be required to indemnify the Parent Indemnified Persons in respect of any Loss subject to indemnification under Section 5.1(a)(i) (x) if the amount of Losses suffered by the Parent Indemnified Persons with respect to an individual claim (or series of one or more claims arising from the same or substantially similar facts or circumstances) does not exceed $20,000 (a “De Minimis Claim”), nor shall any De Minimis Claim be applied to or considered for purposes of calculating the aggregate amount of Parent Indemnified Persons’ Losses, including for purposes of determining whether the Deductible shall have been satisfied, and (y) unless and until the aggregate amount of all Losses subject to indemnification under Section 5.1(a)(i) (which, for the elimination of doubt, excludes all De Minimis Claims) exceeds $75,000 (the “Deductible”), in which case the Stockholders shall be liable only for such Losses in excess of the Deductible. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, neither the De Minimis Claim limitation nor the Deductible shall apply to Losses to the extent such Losses arise from or relate to Fraud by a particular Stockholder solely against such
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Stockholder who committed such Fraud or a breach of any Company Fundamental Representation, and, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not apply in any claim for indemnification pursuant to Section 5.1(a)(ii), Section 5.1(a)(iii), Section 5.1(a)(iv), or Section 5.1(a)(v). Except for claims as a result of Fraud by a particular Stockholder solely against such Stockholder who committed such Fraud or as a result of a breach of any Company Fundamental Representation, in no event shall the Stockholders’ aggregate liability to indemnify the Parent Indemnified Persons for any Losses pursuant to Section 5.1(a)(i) exceed the Indemnity Amount. Except for claims as a result of Fraud by a particular Stockholder solely against such Stockholder who committed such Fraud, in no event shall the Stockholders’ aggregate liability to indemnify the Parent Indemnified Persons for any Losses pursuant to this Section 5 exceed (i) prior to the vesting in full of the Contingent Merger Consideration, the vested Upfront Merger Consideration and (ii) following the vesting in full of the Contingent Merger consideration, the Merger Consideration (in each case, actually received by such Stockholder).
(b) Notwithstanding Section 5.2 hereof, Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall not be required to indemnify any Seller Indemnified Person in respect of any Loss subject to indemnification under Section 5.2(a) unless and until the aggregate amount of all Losses subject to indemnification under Section 5.2(a) exceeds the Deductible, in which case Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall be liable only for such Losses in excess of the Deductible. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Deductible shall not apply to Losses to the extent such Losses arise from or relate to Fraud or a breach of a Parent Fundamental Representation.
(c) Except for claims as a result of Fraud by a particular Stockholder solely against such Stockholder who committed such Fraud, (i) any indemnification of the Parent Indemnified Persons pursuant to Section 5.1(a)(i) (other than as a result of a breach of any Company Fundamental Representation, which is discussed in clause (ii) below) shall be satisfied solely by setoff against the Indemnity Holdback Fund pursuant to Section 1.8, and (ii) any indemnification of the Parent Indemnified Persons as a result of a breach of any Company Fundamental Representation or pursuant to Section 5.1(a)(ii), Section 5.1(a)(iii), Section 5.1(a)(iv), or Section 5.1(a)(v) where the Losses exceed the Indemnity Holdback Fund shall be satisfied within fifteen (15) days after a determination thereof that is binding on the Stockholders, by the Stockholders, severally, and not jointly, in accordance with each Stockholders’ respective Pro Rata Interest, transferring, for no consideration, to the Parent Indemnified Persons shares of Parent Common Stock based on the Parent Stock Price and then beneficially owned by such Stockholders having an aggregate value equal to the amount of such outstanding Losses. Any indemnification of the Seller Indemnified Persons pursuant to this Section 5 shall be effected by, at Parent’s option, and within fifteen (15) days after the date of determination thereof, (x) wire transfer of immediately available funds from the Surviving Corporation to an account designated in writing by such Seller Indemnified Person, (y) the issuance to such Seller Indemnified Person of Parent Common Stock having an aggregate value equal to the amount of such outstanding Losses based on the Parent Stock Price, or (z) a combination of the payment of cash and the issuance of Parent Common Stock in accordance with the immediately preceding clauses (x) and (y).
(d) The amount of any Losses for which indemnification is provided under this Section 5 shall be reduced by (i) the insurance proceeds actually received with respect to any such Losses and (ii) any other amount, if any, recovered from third parties (as a result of indemnification, contribution, guarantee or otherwise) by the Indemnified Person (or its Affiliates) with respect to any Losses less in the case of each of the immediately preceding clauses (i) and (ii) all reasonable costs (including reasonable and documented attorneys’ fees) of the Indemnified Person to collect such proceeds and any increase in insurance premiums resulting from such recovery.
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(e) No Indemnified Person shall be entitled to recover from an Indemnifying Person more than once for any particular Loss, nor shall any Indemnifying Person be liable or otherwise obligated to indemnify any Indemnified Person for the same Loss more than once, even if the Loss may have resulted from the breach of more than one of the representations, warranties, agreements and covenants in this Agreement.
(f) Parent and Merger Sub acknowledge and agree that, except in the case of Fraud by a particular Stockholder solely against such Stockholder who committed such Fraud, Parent Indemnified Persons’ sole and exclusive remedy with respect to any and all claims relating to this Agreement, whether based on contract, tort, strict liability, other laws or otherwise, including any breach or alleged breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement shall be pursuant to the indemnification provisions set forth in this Section 5.
(g) An Indemnified Person shall use commercially reasonable efforts to mitigate Losses (other than Taxes) suffered, incurred or sustained by such Indemnified Person arising out of any matter for which such Indemnified Person has sought indemnification hereunder; provided that no such Indemnified Person shall be required to take any action or refrain from taking any action that is contrary to any applicable Contractual Obligation or Law binding on such Indemnified Person thereof.
5.5 Third Party Claims.
(a) Notice of Claim. If any third party notifies an Indemnified Person with respect to any matter (a “Third Party Claim”) which may give rise to an Indemnity Claim against an Indemnifying Person under this Section 5, then the Indemnified Person will promptly (and in any event within five (5) Business Days) give written notice to the Indemnifying Person(s); provided, however, that no delay on the part of the Indemnified Person in notifying the Indemnifying Person will relieve the Indemnifying Person from any obligation under this Section 5, except to the extent that the Indemnifying Person is actually prejudiced by the Indemnified Person’s failure to give such notice in such a timely manner. A notice of a Third Party Claim must describe the Third Party Claim in reasonable detail, if known, and indicate the estimated amount of Losses (if reasonably estimable) that have been or may be sustained by the Indemnified Person.
(b) Assumption of Defense, etc. The Indemnifying Person will be entitled to participate, at such Indemnifying Person’s expense, in the defense of any Third Party Claim that is the subject of a notice given by the Indemnified Person pursuant to Section 5.5(a). In addition, the Indemnifying Person will have the right to assume the defense of the Indemnified Person against the Third Party Claim with reputable counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Person so long as (i) the Indemnifying Person gives written notice to the Indemnified Person within twenty (20) days after the Indemnified Person has given notice of the Third Party Claim that the Indemnifying Person will indemnify the Indemnified Person from and against any and all Losses the Indemnified Person may suffer resulting from, arising out of, relating to, in the nature of, or caused by the Third Party Claim (subject to the limitations contained in this Section 5), (ii) the Third Party Claim involves only money damages and does not seek an injunction or other equitable relief against the Indemnified Person, (iii) the Indemnified Person has not been advised by counsel that an actual or potential conflict exists between the Indemnified Person and the Indemnifying Person in connection with the defense of the Third Party Claim, (iv) the Third Party Claim does not relate to or otherwise arise in connection with Taxes (provided, that with respect to Taxes, this Section 5.5(b) shall not affect the Stockholders’ right to defend any claim of a Governmental Authority as permitted by Section 6) or any criminal or regulatory enforcement Action, (v) the claim for indemnification does not relate to or arise in connection with any criminal or quasi‑criminal proceeding,
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action, indictment, allegation or investigation, (vi) the Indemnified Person does not reasonably believe that an adverse determination with respect to any Action or Threatened Action in respect of the Third Party Claim could be detrimental to or injure the Indemnified Person’s reputation or future business prospects and (vii) the Indemnifying Person conducts the defense of the Third Party Claim actively and diligently. The Indemnified Person may retain separate co-counsel at its sole cost and expense and participate in the defense of the Third Party Claim; provided, however, that the Indemnifying Person will pay the fees and expenses of a single co-counsel retained by the Indemnified Person (y) that are incurred prior to the Indemnifying Person’s assumption of control of the defense of the Third Party Claim, or (z) if the Indemnified Person has been advised by counsel that a reasonable likelihood exists of a conflict of interest between the Indemnified Person and Indemnifying Person.
(c) Limitations on Indemnifying Person. The Indemnifying Person shall not consent to the entry of any judgment or enter into any compromise or settlement with respect to the Third Party Claim without the prior written consent of the Indemnified Person, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, unless such judgment, compromise or settlement (i) provides for the payment by the Indemnifying Person of money as sole relief for the claimant, (ii) results in the full and general release of all Parent Indemnified Persons or Seller Indemnified Persons, as applicable, from all Liabilities arising or relating to, or in connection with, the Third Party Claim and (iii) involves no finding or admission of any violation of Legal Requirements or the rights of any Person and has no effect on any other claims that may be made against the Indemnified Person.
(d) Indemnified Person’s Control. If the Indemnifying Person does not deliver the notice contemplated by clause (i) of Section 5.5(b) within twenty (20) days after the Indemnified Person has given notice of the Third Party Claim, or otherwise at any time fails to conduct the defense of the Third Party Claim actively and diligently, the Indemnified Person may, without waiving any right that the Indemnified Person may have against the Indemnifying Person for indemnification, defend, and may consent to the entry of any judgment or enter into any compromise or settlement with respect to, the Third Party Claim with the consent of the Indemnifying Person, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. If such notice is given on a timely basis and the Indemnifying Person conducts the defense of the Third Party Claim actively and diligently but any of the other conditions in Section 5.5(b) is or becomes unsatisfied, the Indemnified Person may, without waiving any right that the Indemnified Person may have against the Indemnifying Person for indemnification, defend, and may consent to the entry of any judgment or enter into any compromise or settlement with respect to, the Third Party Claim with the consent of the Indemnifying Person, which consent shall not be unreasonably delayed, conditioned or withheld. In the event that the Indemnified Person conducts the defense of the Third Party Claim pursuant to this Section 5.5(d), the Indemnifying Person shall (i) unless the Indemnifying Person is in good faith contesting whether such Third Party Claim is valid or would result in indemnifiable Losses pursuant to this Agreement, advance the Indemnified Person promptly and periodically for the costs of defending against the Third Party Claim (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) and (ii) remain responsible for any and all other Losses that the Indemnified Person may incur or suffer resulting from, arising out of, relating to, in the nature of or caused by the Third Party Claim to the fullest extent provided in this Section 5.
(e) Reasonable Cooperation. The party not in control of the prosecution or defense of a Third Party Claim will reasonably cooperate with the other party in the conduct of the prosecution or defense of such Third Party Claim.
5.6 Direct Claims. Any claim by an Indemnified Person on account of Losses which do not result from a Third Party Claim (a “Direct Claim”) shall be asserted by giving the Indemnifying Person
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reasonably prompt written notice thereof (such notice, a “Direct Claim Notice”), but in any event not later than five (5) Business Days after such Indemnified Person becomes aware of such Direct Claim; provided, however, that no delay on the part of the Indemnified Person in notifying the Indemnifying Person will relieve the Indemnifying Person from any obligation under this Section 5, except to the extent that the Indemnifying Person is actually prejudiced by the Indemnified Person’s failure to give such notice in such a timely manner. A Direct Claim Notice must describe the Direct Claim in reasonable detail, if known, and indicate the estimated amount of Losses (if reasonably estimable) that have been or may be sustained by the Indemnified Person. The Indemnifying Person will have a period of thirty (30) days within which to respond in writing to such Direct Claim. If the Indemnifying Person does not so respond within such 30-day period, the Indemnified Person shall be free to pursue such reasonable remedies as may be available to the Indemnified Person on the terms and subject to the provisions of this Agreement. If an objection is timely interposed by the Indemnifying Person, then the Indemnified Person and the Indemnifying Person shall discuss such objection in good faith for a period of thirty (30) days from the date the Indemnified Person receives such objection (such period, or such longer period as mutually agreed upon in writing by the parties, is hereinafter referred to as the “Discussion Period”), and all such discussions (unless otherwise mutually agreed upon by the Indemnified Person and the Indemnifying Person) shall be governed by Rule 408 of the Federal Rules of Evidence and any applicable similar Law. If the Direct Claim that is the subject of the Direct Claim Notice has not been resolved prior to the expiration of the Discussion Period, then the Indemnified Person and the Indemnifying Person may submit the dispute for resolution to a court of competent jurisdiction in accordance with Section 7.15 and each will be free to pursue such remedies as may be available to them on the terms and subject to the provisions of this Agreement.
5.7 Remedies Cumulative. The rights of each Parent Indemnified Person and Seller Indemnified Person under this Section 5 are cumulative, and each Parent Indemnified Person and Seller Indemnified Person, as the case may be, will have the right in any particular circumstance, in its sole discretion, to enforce any provision of this Section 5 without regard to the availability of a remedy under any other provision of this Section 5.
5.8 Merger Consideration Adjustment. Payments received by any party pursuant to this Section 5 shall be treated by the parties as an adjustment to the Merger Consideration, including for Tax purposes.
6. TAX MATTERS
6.1 Tax Returns.
(a) Parent shall, at its expense, timely file (or cause to be timely filed) all Tax Returns of the Company that are required to be filed after the Closing Date (taking into account any available extensions) and, subject to Section 6.1(a), pay (or cause to be paid) all Taxes due with respect to those Tax Returns within the time and in the manner required by applicable Law. All of those Tax Returns for taxable periods beginning before the Closing Date shall be prepared in a manner consistent with past practice, except as required by applicable Law or unless otherwise first consented to in writing by Sellers’ Representative. With respect to Tax Returns of the Company that include a Pre-Closing Tax Period, Parent shall and shall cause its Affiliates to use reasonable best efforts to make those Tax Returns available for review and approval (that approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) by the Sellers’ Representative sufficiently in advance of the due date for filing those Tax Returns (after taking into account available extensions), but in all events at least thirty (30) days prior to the date those Tax Returns are required to be filed. The Sellers’ Representative shall notify Parent of any comments or disputes with
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respect to those Tax Returns in advance of the due date for filing those Tax Returns (after taking into account available extensions), but in all events at least ten (10) days prior to the date the Tax Returns are required to be filed. In the event of any disagreement between Parent and Sellers’ Representative, the disagreement shall be resolved by the CPA Firm, and any determination by the CPA Firm shall be final. The fees and expenses of the CPA Firm shall be borne equally by Parent and Sellers’ Representative. If the CPA Firm does not resolve any differences between Sellers’ Representative and Parent with respect to a Tax Return at least five (5) Business Days prior to the due date therefor, the Tax Return shall be filed as prepared by Parent and subsequently amended to reflect the CPA Firm’s resolution.
(b) Unless otherwise directed in writing by Parent, all powers of attorney with respect to Tax matters granted by or on behalf of the Company prior to the Closing Date will be terminated as of the day prior to the Closing Date.
(c) Unless otherwise directed in writing by Parent, all Tax Sharing Agreements with respect to or involving the Company shall be terminated as of the day prior to the Closing Date, and the Company shall not be bound thereby or have any obligation or Liability thereunder at any time thereafter.
(d) After the Closing Date, the Sellers’ Representative and Parent shall, and shall cause their respective Affiliates to, (i) reasonably cooperate with each other with respect to the preparation and filing of Tax Returns of the Company and its Subsidiaries, any audit or other legal proceeding with respect to Taxes or Tax Returns of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company for a Pre-Closing Tax Period or Straddle Period, and (ii) timely sign and deliver such certificates, forms or other documents as may be necessary or appropriate to establish an exemption from (or otherwise reduce) Transfer Taxes, or to file Tax Returns; provided, however, that neither Parent nor its Affiliates shall be required to disclose any books, records, Tax Returns, schedules, work papers or other documents or data consisting of, or relating to, any Affiliated Group for Tax purposes.
(e) For purposes of this Agreement, in the case of Taxes of the Company that are imposed with respect to any Straddle Period, the portion of the Tax that is allocable to the portion of the Straddle Period that is a Pre-Closing Tax Period shall be:
(i) in the case of Taxes that are based upon or related to income or receipts, payroll or other similar levels of activities, the amount of Tax determined on an interim closing of the books method as of (and including) the Closing Date (and the parties hereto shall elect to adopt that method if permitted by applicable Law); and
(ii) in the case of Taxes not covered by clause (i) above, including Taxes imposed on a periodic basis with respect to the assets of the Company, the amount of Tax for the entire Straddle Period multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of days in the portion of the Straddle Period ending on the Closing Date and the denominator of which is the number of days in the entire Straddle Period.
(f) Without the prior written consent of the Sellers’ Representative, Parent and its Affiliates (including the Surviving Corporation following the Closing) shall not: (i) make, change or revoke any Tax election, accounting period or accounting method with respect to any Pre-Closing Tax Period of the Company (including any election under Section 338 of the Code), (ii) except for the filing of Tax Returns in accordance with Section 6.1(a), file any Tax Return of the Company for a Pre-Closing Tax Period, (iii) file any amended Tax Return of the Company for a Pre-Closing Tax Period, (iv) consent to any extension or waiver of the limitation period applicable to any Tax claim or assessment relating to the
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Company for a Pre-Closing Tax Period, or (v) file or otherwise initiate or pursue any voluntary disclosure agreement or similar self-corrective action with respect to Taxes or Tax Returns of the Company for a Pre-Closing Tax Period, in each case except to the extent such action would not increase the indemnification obligations of the Stockholders under Section 5 or impede qualification of the Merger as a Reorganization. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the Sellers’ Representative shall not be permitted to withhold, condition or delay consent to any of the foregoing actions if required by applicable Law.
6.2 Tax Contests.
(a) If a claim shall be made by any Taxing Authority that, if successful, would result in the indemnification of a Parent Indemnified Person or disqualification of the Merger as a Reorganization, Parent shall promptly notify Sellers’ Representative in writing of that fact; provided, however, that any failure to give the notice will not waive any rights of the Parent Indemnified Person except to the extent the rights of the Stockholders are actually prejudiced.
(b) Sellers’ Representative shall have the right to defend any Tax Claim relating to Taxes or Tax Returns of the Company for a taxable period that ends on or prior to the Closing Date at the Stockholders’ sole expense with counsel of its choice reasonably satisfactory to Parent; provided, that, Sellers’ Representative shall not settle, compromise and/or concede any portion of such claim without the written consent of Parent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. If Sellers’ Representative undertakes to defend a claim hereunder, Sellers’ Representative shall keep Parent fully informed of all communications with Governmental Authorities and developments relating to the claim and shall permit representatives of Parent, at Parent’s cost, to be present at all conferences and proceedings, whether such conferences or proceedings are conducted in person or otherwise.
(c) Parent shall control all proceedings taken in connection with any Tax Claim relating to (A) Taxes or Tax Returns of the Company for a Straddle Period, (B) Taxes or Tax Returns of the Company for a taxable period that ends on or prior to the Closing Date that the Sellers’ Representative does not elect to control pursuant to Section 6.2(b), or (c) qualification of the Merger as a Reorganization. To the extent such proceedings affect the amount of Taxes for which the Stockholders are liable under this Agreement or qualification of the Merger as a Reorganization, (x) Parent shall not settle or otherwise conclude such Tax Claim without the prior written consent of Sellers’ Representative (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), and (y) Sellers’ Representative and counsel of its choosing shall have the right to participate fully in all aspects of the prosecution or defense of the Tax Claim at the sole cost of the Stockholders.
(d) In the event of any inconsistence, the provisions of this Section 6.2 shall be controlling over the provisions of Section 5 with respect to Tax-related matters.
6.3 Transfer Taxes. All Transfer Taxes shall be borne and paid fifty percent (50%) by each of the Stockholders and fifty percent (50%) by the Surviving Corporation. Sellers’ Representative and Parent will cooperate (and cause their Affiliates to cooperate) to timely prepare any Tax Returns or other filings relating to Transfer Taxes, including any claim for exemption or exclusion from the application or imposition of any Transfer Taxes. Parent will, at its own expense, file all necessary Tax Returns and other documentation with respect to all Transfer Taxes and fees, and, if required by applicable Law, the Stockholders will join in the execution of any of those Tax Returns and other documentation.
6.4 Disputes. Any disputes between the parties with respect to the application and/or interpretation of this Section 6 shall be resolved by a CPA Firm whose determination shall be binding on
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all parties. The fees and expenses of the CPA Firm’s involvement shall be borne 50% by the Stockholders and 50% by Parent.
6.5 Tax Treatment of Merger. The parties agree that the Merger will be treated for federal income tax purposes as a reorganization pursuant to Section 368(a) of the Code (the “Reorganization”). This Agreement is intended to constitute, and the parties hereto hereby adopt this Agreement as, a “plan of reorganization” for purposes of Sections 354, 361 and 368 of the Code. Each party hereto will file their respective Tax Returns in accordance with such treatment and will take no action or position which is inconsistent with such treatment unless otherwise required by a change in Law following the date of this Agreement.
7. MISCELLANEOUS
7.1 Notices. All notices, requests, demands, claims and other communications required or permitted to be delivered, given or otherwise provided under this Agreement must be in writing and must be delivered, given or otherwise provided:
(i) by hand (in which case, it will be effective upon delivery);
(ii) by e-mail (in which case, it will be effective when sent; provided that the sender does not receive an automated notice that such e-mail was not delivered); or
(iii) by overnight delivery by a nationally recognized courier service (in which case, it will be effective on the Business Day after being deposited with such courier service);
in each case, to the physical or e-mail address listed below:
If to the Stockholders (after Closing) or to Sellers’ Representative: | Preston S. Klassen [***] |
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to: | Cooley LLP 10265 Science Center Drive San Diego, CA 92121 Attention: Steven M. Przesmicki Email: ***@*** ***@*** |
If to Parent, Merger Sub (or, after the Effective time, the Surviving Corporation), to: |
Inhibikase Therapeutics, Inc. 3350 Riverwood Parkway SE, Suite 1900 Atlanta, GA 30339 Attention: Mark Iwicki Email: [***]
|
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with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to: | Goodwin Procter LLP 100 Northern Avenue Boston, Massachusetts 02210 Attention: Danielle M. Lauzon, Esq. Marishka DeToy, Esq. Email: ***@*** ***@***
|
Each of the parties to this Agreement may specify a different physical or e-mail address by giving notice in accordance with this Section 7.1 to each of the other parties hereto.
7.2 Sellers’ Representative.
(a) Appointment. At the Closing, Preston S. Klassen shall be designated by the Stockholders to serve as the Representative with respect to the matters set forth in this Agreement to be performed by Sellers’ Representative. By voting in favor of the adoption of this Agreement, the execution of this Agreement (and/or delivery of an executed Joinder), and the consummation of the Merger and receipt of the benefits thereof, including the right to receive the consideration payable in connection with the Merger, each Stockholder shall be deemed to have irrevocably constituted and appointed Sellers’ Representative as such Stockholder’s attorney-in-fact and agent to act in such Stockholder’s name, place and stead in connection with all matters arising from and under this Agreement, each of the Transaction Agreements and any other agreements, documents or instruments related to the Contemplated Transactions and acknowledges that such appointment is coupled with an interest. Sellers’ Representative hereby accepts such appointment and authorization.
(b) Authority. Each Stockholder shall be bound by all notices received or given by, and all agreements and determinations made by, and all documents executed and delivered by Sellers’ Representative under this Agreement; authorizes Sellers’ Representative to assert claims, make demands and commence actions on behalf of the Stockholders under this Agreement, dispute or to refrain from disputing any claim made by the Stockholders, negotiate and compromise any dispute that may arise under, and exercise or refrain from exercising remedies available to the Stockholders under, this Agreement, and to sign any releases or other documents with respect to such dispute or remedy (and to bind the Stockholders in so doing), give such instructions and do such other things and refrain from doing such things as Sellers’ Representative shall deem appropriate to carry out the provisions of this Agreement, give any and all consents and notices under this Agreement, and perform all actions, exercise all powers, receive service of process with respect to any Action under this Agreement, the Transaction Agreements and any other agreement or instrument in connection with the Contemplated Transactions, agree to, negotiate and authorize payments in connection with indemnification pursuant to Section 5, the Indemnity Amount and any other payment pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, fulfill all duties otherwise assigned to Sellers’ Representative in this Agreement and engage attorneys, accountants, financial and other advisors, paying agents and other persons necessary or appropriate in the judgment of the Sellers’ Representative for the accomplishment of the foregoing; provided, however, that the Sellers’ Representative shall have no obligation to act on behalf of the Stockholders, except as expressly provided herein and in any other agreement between the Sellers’ Representative and one or more of the Stockholders relating to the Sellers’ Representative acting as a Representative on behalf of the Stockholders (any such agreement, the “Sellers’ Representative Engagement Agreement”), and for purposes of clarity, there are no obligations of the Sellers’ Representative in any Transaction Agreement, schedule, exhibit or the Disclosure Schedule. Sellers’ Representative has the sole and exclusive authority to act on such Stockholder’s behalf in respect of all matters arising under or in connection with this Agreement after execution thereof, notwithstanding
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any dispute or disagreement among them, and that no Stockholder shall have any authority to act unilaterally or independently of Sellers’ Representative in respect to any such matter. Upon request of Sellers’ Representative, the Stockholders, in accordance with their respective Pro Rata Interests, shall reimburse Sellers’ Representative for any and all costs and expenses incurred by Sellers’ Representative in performing the Sellers’ Representative’s obligations hereunder. Parent, Merger Sub and, after the Closing, the Surviving Corporation shall be entitled to rely on any and all actions taken by Sellers’ Representative under this Agreement without any Liability to, or obligation to inquire of, any Stockholder. All notices, counter notices or other instruments or designations delivered by any Stockholder in regard to this Agreement shall not be effective unless, but shall be effective if, signed or delivered by or on behalf of Sellers’ Representative (or a Representative of the Sellers’ Representative), and if not, such document shall have no force or effect whatsoever, and Parent, Merger Sub, the Surviving Corporation (after the Closing) and any other Person may proceed without regard to any such document.
(c) Change of Representative. Sellers’ Representative may be changed by the Stockholders upon not less than twenty (20) calendar days prior written notice to Sellers’ Representative and Parent; provided, that Sellers’ Representative may not be removed unless the Stockholders that held a majority of the Shares (calculated based on the Stockholders’ Pro Rata Interest) agree to such removal and to the identity of the substituted agent or agents. Sellers’ Representative may resign at any time upon notice to Parent. In the event Sellers’ Representative dies, becomes unable to perform their responsibilities hereunder or resigns from such position, the Stockholders that held a majority of the Shares (calculated based on the Stockholders’ Pro Rata Interest) shall be authorized to and shall select another Representative to fill such vacancy and such substituted representative shall be deemed to be the Sellers’ Representative for all purposes of this Agreement and the documents delivered pursuant hereto. No bond shall be required of Sellers’ Representative. Notices or communications to or from Sellers’ Representative shall constitute notice to or from the Stockholders.
(d) A decision, act, consent or instruction of Sellers’ Representative, including an amendment, extension or waiver of this Agreement, shall constitute a decision of the Stockholders and shall be final, binding and conclusive upon the Stockholders; and Parent, Merger Sub, and, after the Closing, the Surviving Corporation may conclusively and absolutely, rely, without any inquiry, upon any such decision, act, consent or instruction of Sellers’ Representative as being the decision, act, consent or instruction of the Stockholders. Parent, Merger Sub and, after the Closing, the Surviving Corporation are hereby relieved from any Liability to any Person, including any Stockholder, for any acts done by any of them in accordance with or reliance on such decision, act, consent or instruction of Sellers’ Representative.
(e) All notices or other communications required to be made or delivered by Parent, Merger Sub or, after the Closing, the Surviving Corporation to Stockholders shall be made to Sellers’ Representative for the benefit of the Stockholders, and any notices so made shall discharge in full all notice requirements of Parent, Merger Sub or the Surviving Corporation to the Stockholders with respect thereto. All notices or other communications required to be made or delivered by the Stockholders to Parent, Merger Sub or the Surviving Corporation shall be made by Sellers’ Representative for the benefit of the Stockholders and any notices so made shall discharge in full all notice requirements of the Stockholders to Parent, Merger Sub and the Surviving Corporation with respect thereto.
(f) By voting in favor of the adoption of this Agreement, the execution of this Agreement (and/or delivery of an executed Joinder), and the consummation of the Merger and receipt of the benefits thereof, including the right to receive the consideration payable in connection with the Merger, each Stockholder shall be deemed to further agree:
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(i) all actions, decisions and instructions of the Sellers’ Representative shall be conclusive and binding upon each of the Stockholders, and no Stockholder shall have any cause of action against the Sellers’ Representative, and the Sellers’ Representative will not be liable for any action taken, decision made or instruction given by the Sellers’ Representative under this Agreement, except for Fraud or willful breach of this Agreement on the part of the Sellers’ Representative;
(ii) all defenses which may be available to any Stockholder to contest, negate or disaffirm the action of the Sellers’ Representative taken in good faith under this Agreement or the Sellers’ Representative Engagement Agreement are waived;
(iii) the provisions of this Section 7.2 (Sellers’ Representative) and the powers, immunities and rights granted to the Sellers’ Representative hereunder: (A) are independent and severable, are irrevocable and coupled with an interest, and shall survive the death, incompetence, bankruptcy or liquidation of any Stockholder and shall be binding on any successor thereto; and (B) shall be enforceable notwithstanding any rights or remedies that any Stockholder may have in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;
(iv) the Sellers’ Representative shall be entitled to: (A) rely upon the Closing Statement, (B) rely upon any signature believed by it to be genuine, and (C) reasonably assume that a signatory has proper authorization to sign on behalf of the applicable Stockholder or other party;
(v) the provisions of this Section 7.2 (Sellers’ Representative) shall be binding upon the executors, heirs, legal representatives, successors and assigns of each Stockholder, and any references in this Agreement to a Stockholder or the Stockholders shall mean and include the successors to the Stockholders’ rights hereunder, whether pursuant to testamentary disposition, the laws of descent and distribution or otherwise;
(vi) the Sellers’ Representative is not providing any investment supervision, recommendations or advice; and
(vii) the Sellers’ Representative shall not be required to take any action unless the Sellers’ Representative has been provided with funds, security or indemnities which, in its determination, are sufficient to protect the Sellers’ Representative against the costs, expenses and liabilities which may be incurred by the Sellers’ Representative in performing such actions.
7.3 Publicity. No public announcement or disclosure will be made by any party with respect to the subject matter of this Agreement or the Contemplated Transactions without the prior written consent of Parent, Merger Sub and Sellers’ Representative. Additionally, Parent, Merger Sub and Sellers’ Representative shall agree on the form and content of any public announcement or disclosure with respect to this Agreement or the Contemplated Transactions prior to the issuance thereof, including providing each other the opportunity to review and comment upon, and use all reasonable efforts to agree upon, any such public announcement or disclosure, and no such public announcement or disclosure shall be issued prior to such consultation and prior to considering in good faith any such comments; provided, however, that the provisions of this Section 7.3 will not prohibit (a) any disclosure required by any applicable Legal Requirements, including any disclosure necessary or desirable to provide proper disclosure under applicable securities Laws or under any rules or regulations of any securities exchange on which the securities of such party may be listed or traded or (b) any disclosure made in connection with the enforcement of any right or remedy relating to, or the performance of any obligation arising under, this Agreement or the Contemplated Transactions.
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7.4 Succession and Assignment; No Third-Party Beneficiary. Subject to the immediately following sentence, this Agreement will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns, each of which successors and permitted assigns will be deemed to be a party hereto for all purposes hereof. No party may assign, delegate or otherwise transfer either this Agreement or any of its rights, interests, or obligations hereunder (other than transfers by operation of Law) without the prior written approval of the other parties. Except as expressly set forth in (a) Section 4.7 with respect to the D&O Indemnified Persons, (b) Section 5 with respect to Indemnified Persons who are not parties to this Agreement, (c) the Stockholders intended to benefit from their right to receive their respective portions of the Merger Consideration in accordance with, and subject to, the terms and conditions of this Agreement (d) Section 4.4 with respect to the counterparties to the IP Reversion Letters and (e) and Section 7.21, intended to benefit Cooley LLP, this Agreement is for the sole benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assignees and nothing herein expressed or implied will give or be construed to give any Person, other than the parties and such successors and assignees, any legal or equitable rights hereunder.
7.5 Amendments and Waivers. No amendment or waiver of any provision of this Agreement will be valid and binding unless it is in writing and signed, in the case of an amendment, by Parent, Merger Sub and Sellers’ Representative, or in the case of a waiver, by the party or parties against whom the waiver is to be effective. No waiver by any party of any breach or violation or, default under or inaccuracy in any representation, warranty or covenant hereunder, whether intentional or not, will be deemed to extend to any prior or subsequent breach, violation, default of, or inaccuracy in, any such representation, warranty or covenant hereunder or affect in any way any rights arising by virtue of any prior or subsequent such occurrence. No delay or omission on the part of any party in exercising any right, power or remedy under this Agreement will operate as a waiver thereof.
7.6 Further Assurances. From and after the date hereof, upon the request of Sellers’ Representative (on behalf of the Stockholders), Parent, Merger Sub or, after the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation, each party will do, execute, acknowledge and deliver all such further acts, assurances, deeds, assignments, transfers, conveyances and other instruments and papers as may be reasonably required or appropriate to carry out the Contemplated Transactions.
7.7 Entire Agreement. This Agreement, the Transaction Agreements, and the other agreements and documents to be executed and delivered pursuant hereto or contemporaneously herewith constitute the entire agreement among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede any and all prior and contemporaneous discussions, negotiations, proposals, undertakings, understandings and agreements, whether written or oral, with respect thereto.
7.8 Schedules; Listed Documents, etc. The information and disclosures contained in any Disclosure Schedule shall be deemed to be disclosed and incorporated by reference in any other Disclosure Schedule as though fully set forth in such Disclosure Schedule for which applicability of such information and disclosure is readily apparent on its face. The fact that any item of information is disclosed in any Disclosure Schedule shall not be construed to mean that such information is required to be disclosed by this Agreement. Such information and the dollar thresholds set forth herein shall not be used as a basis for interpreting the terms “material” or “Material Adverse Effect” or other similar terms in this Agreement.
7.9 Counterparts; Execution. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which will be deemed an original, but all of which together will constitute but one and the same instrument. This Agreement will become effective when duly executed by each party hereto. Facsimile
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or other electronically scanned and transmitted signatures, including by email attachment, as well as DocuSign and similar electronic signatures, shall be deemed originals and shall constitute valid execution and acceptance of this Agreement by the signing/transmitting party.
7.10 Survival. All covenants and agreements of the parties contained in this Agreement (i) that are to be performed at or prior to the Closing and the right to bring an indemnifiable claim with respect thereto shall survive the Closing and expire on the date that is 12 months after the Closing Date and (ii) that are to be performed following the Closing and the right to bring an indemnifiable claim with respect thereto shall continue in effect and expire in accordance with their respective terms.
7.11 Severability. Any term or provision of this Agreement that is invalid or unenforceable in any situation in any jurisdiction will not affect the validity or enforceability of the remaining terms and provisions hereof or the validity or enforceability of the offending term or provision in any other situation or in any other jurisdiction. If any provision hereof would, under applicable Law, be invalid or unenforceable in any respect, then each party hereto intends that such provision will be construed by modifying or limiting it so as to be valid and enforceable to the maximum extent compatible with, and possible under, applicable Law.
7.12 Headings. The headings contained in this Agreement are for convenience purposes only and will not in any way affect the meaning or interpretation hereof.
7.13 Construction. The parties have participated jointly in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement. In the event an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement will be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties and no presumption or burden of proof will arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any of the provisions of this Agreement. The parties intend that each representation, warranty and covenant contained herein will have independent significance. If any party has breached or violated, or if there is an inaccuracy in, any representation, warranty or covenant contained herein, the fact that there exists another representation, warranty or covenant relating to the same subject matter (regardless of the relative levels of specificity) which the party has not breached or violated, or in respect of which there is not an inaccuracy, will not detract from or mitigate the fact that the party has breached or violated, or there is an inaccuracy in, the first representation, warranty or covenant.
7.14 Governing Law. This Agreement, the rights of the parties and all Actions arising in whole or in part under or in connection herewith, will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to any choice or conflict of law provision or rule of the State of Delaware or of any other jurisdiction that would cause the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction other than Delaware.
7.15 Jurisdiction; Venue; Service of Process.
(a) Jurisdiction. Each party, by its execution hereof, (a) hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the federal or state courts of the State of Delaware for the purpose of any Action between the parties arising in whole or in part under or in connection with this Agreement, (b) hereby waives to the extent not prohibited by applicable Law, and agrees not to assert, by way of motion, as a defense or otherwise, in any such Action, any claim that it is not subject personally to the jurisdiction of the above-named courts, that its property is exempt or immune from attachment or execution, that any such Action brought in one of the above-named courts should be dismissed on grounds of forum non conveniens, should be transferred or removed to any court other than one of the above-named courts, or
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should be stayed by reason of the pendency of some other proceeding in any other court other than one of the above-named courts, or that this Agreement or the subject matter hereof may not be enforced in or by such court and (c) hereby agrees not to commence any such Action other than before one of the above-named courts. Notwithstanding the previous sentence a party may commence any Action in a court other than the above-named courts solely for the purpose of enforcing an order or judgment issued by one of the above-named courts.
(b) Venue. Each party agrees that for any Action between the parties arising in whole or in part under or in connection with this Agreement, such party will bring Actions only in the state or federal courts located in Delaware. Each party further waives any claim and will not assert that venue should properly lie in any other location within the selected jurisdiction.
(c) Service of Process. Each party hereby (a) consents to service of process in any Action between the parties arising in whole or in part under or in connection with this Agreement in any manner permitted by Delaware law, (b) agrees that service of process made in accordance with clause (a) or made by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, at its address specified pursuant to Section 7.1, will constitute good and valid service of process in any such Action and (c) waives and agrees not to assert (by way of motion, as a defense, or otherwise) in any such Action any claim that service of process made in accordance with clause (a) or (b) does not constitute good and valid service of process.
7.16 Waiver of Jury Trial. TO THE EXTENT NOT PROHIBITED BY APPLICABLE LAW THAT CANNOT BE WAIVED, THE PARTIES HEREBY WAIVE, AND COVENANT THAT THEY WILL NOT ASSERT (WHETHER AS PLAINTIFF, DEFENDANT OR OTHERWISE), ANY RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION ARISING IN WHOLE OR IN PART UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OF THE CONTEMPLATED TRANSACTIONS, WHETHER NOW EXISTING OR HEREAFTER ARISING, AND WHETHER SOUNDING IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE. THE PARTIES AGREE THAT ANY OF THEM MAY FILE A COPY OF THIS PARAGRAPH WITH ANY COURT AS WRITTEN EVIDENCE OF THE KNOWING, VOLUNTARY AND BARGAINED-FOR AGREEMENT AMONG THE PARTIES IRREVOCABLY TO WAIVE THEIR RIGHTS TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION WHATSOEVER BETWEEN OR AMONG THEM RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OF THE CONTEMPLATED TRANSACTIONS, WHICH ACTION WILL INSTEAD BE TRIED IN A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION BY A JUDGE SITTING WITHOUT A JURY.
7.17 Expenses. Except for the Reimbursable Transaction Expenses and as expressly provided herein, including Section 7.2, each party shall bear its own expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement and the Contemplated Transactions.
7.18 Specific Performance. Parent and Merger Sub shall have the right and remedy, in addition to any others that may be available, at law or in equity, to have the provisions of this Agreement specifically enforced through injunctive or other relief, without the necessity of posting a bond, it being acknowledged that the Company is a unique asset, with value to Parent’s and Merger Sub’s businesses not readily quantifiable and any breach by the Company which causes the Closing not to occur will cause irreparable injury to Parent and Merger Sub, the amount of which will be difficult to determine, and that money damages will not provide an adequate remedy to Parent and Merger Sub. The Company covenants and agrees that it shall not, and shall not authorize any other Person to, challenge the enforceability of any provision of this Section 7.18.
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7.19 Non-Recourse. This Agreement may be enforced only against, and any Liability or Action (whether in contract or tort, in law or in equity, or granted by statute) based upon, arising out of, or related to this Agreement (including any representation or warranty made in, in connection with, or as an inducement to, this Agreement), or the negotiation, execution or performance of this Agreement, may be brought only against the individuals or entities that are expressly named as parties hereto and then only with respect to the specific obligations set forth herein with respect to such party.
7.20 Investigation and Non-Reliance. Each of the Company, on one hand, and Parent and Merger Sub, on the other, is a sophisticated seller or purchaser, as the case may be, and has made its own independent investigation, review and analysis regarding the other party and the Contemplated Transactions, which investigation, review and analysis were conducted by such party together with its advisors, including legal counsel, that it has engaged for such purpose. No party or any of its Affiliates or Representatives has made any representation or warranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of any information concerning such party made available in connection with any investigation of such party, except as expressly set forth in this Agreement. No party has relied and no party is relying on any statement, representation or warranty, oral or written, express or implied, made by the other party, or any of its Affiliates or Representatives, except as expressly set forth in Section 2 or Section 3 or in any certificate delivered in connection with the Closing. No party or any of its Affiliates or Representatives shall have or be subject to any liability to any other party or any other Person resulting from the distribution to any other party, or such other party’s use of, any information, documents or materials made available to such party by any other Person. No party or any of its Affiliates or Representatives is making, directly or indirectly, any representation or warranty with respect to any estimates, projections or forecasts involving such party or any other Person. Each party acknowledges that there are inherent uncertainties in attempting to make such estimates, projections and forecasts and that it takes full responsibility for making its own evaluation of the adequacy and accuracy of any such estimates, projections or forecasts (including the reasonableness of the assumptions underlying any such estimates, projections and forecasts).
7.21 Conflict of Interest. If Sellers’ Representative so desires, acting on behalf of the Stockholders and without the need for any consent or waiver by the Surviving Corporation or Parent, Cooley LLP (“Cooley”) shall be permitted to represent the Stockholders after the Closing in connection with any matter, including anything related to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, any other agreements referenced herein or any disagreement or dispute relating thereto. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, after the Closing, Cooley shall be permitted to represent the Stockholders, any of their agents and Affiliates, or any one or more of them, in connection with any negotiation, transaction or dispute (including any litigation, arbitration or other adversarial proceeding) with Parent, the Surviving Corporation or any of their agents or Affiliates under or relating to this Agreement, any transaction contemplated by this Agreement, and any related matter, such as claims or disputes arising under other agreements entered into in connection with this Agreement. Upon and after the Closing, the Surviving Corporation shall cease to have any attorney-client relationship with Cooley, unless and to the extent Cooley is specifically engaged in writing by the Surviving Corporation to represent the Surviving Corporation after the Closing and either such engagement involves no conflict of interest with respect to the Stockholders or the Sellers’ Representative consents in writing at the time to such engagement. Any such representation of the Surviving Corporation by Cooley after the Closing shall not affect the foregoing provisions hereof. Cooley shall be an intended third-party beneficiary for the purpose of this Section 7.19.
7.22 Attorney-Client Privilege. All communications involving attorney-client confidences between a Stockholder, its Representatives or Affiliates, or the Company and Cooley in the course of the
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negotiation, documentation and consummation of the Merger and the Contemplated Transactions shall be deemed to be attorney-client confidences and communications that belong solely to the Sellers’ Representative and not that of the Surviving Corporation, following the Closing, and may be waived only by the Sellers’ Representative. Absent the consent of the Sellers’ Representative, neither Parent nor the Surviving Corporation shall have a right to access attorney-client privileged material of the Company related to the Merger and the Contemplated Transactions following the Closing and neither the Parent nor the Surviving Corporation shall assert that the attorney-client privilege of the Company related to the Merger was waived due to the inadvertent transfer of attorney-client privileged material after the Closing (either because they were included in the computer server(s) of the Surviving Corporation or were otherwise within the records of the Surviving Corporation after the Closing).
8. DEFINITIONS; CERTAIN RULES OF CONSTRUCTION.
8.1 Definitions. As used herein, the following terms will have the following meanings:
“1933 Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
“Accounts Receivable” means the aggregate amount of accounts, commissions and debts payable to the Company. For all purposes hereunder, the Accounts Receivable shall be valued at their net realizable value, net of an allowance for bad debts.
“Action” means any claim, action, cause of action or suit (whether in contract, tort or otherwise), litigation (whether at law or in equity, whether civil or criminal), controversy, assessment, arbitration, investigation, hearing, charge, complaint, demand, notice or proceeding to, from, by or before any Governmental Authority.
“Affiliate” means with respect to any specified Person, each Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person at such time. For purposes of this definition, “control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “controlled by” and “under common control with”), as used with respect to any Person, means possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.
“Affiliated Group” means any affiliated group within the meaning of Code §1504(a) or any affiliated, consolidated, combined, unitary, aggregate or similar group under any Legal Requirement.
“Assets” means all properties, rights and assets of the Company, whether real or personal and whether tangible or intangible.
“Business” means the Company’s business as currently conducted.
“Business Day” means any weekday other than a weekday on which banks in Boston, Massachusetts are authorized or required to be closed.
“Business Systems” means the Software and documentation and the computer, communications and network hardware, equipment and systems (both desktop and enterprise wide), laboratory equipment, reagents, materials and test, calibration and measurement apparatus used by the Company in the Business or operations or to develop, manufacture, produce, provide, distribute, support, maintain or test the Company Products, whether located on the premises of the Company or hosted at a third party site.
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“Cash” means the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, net of outstanding checks, but shall, in any event, not include any Restricted Cash.
“CERCLA” means the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act of 1980.
“Code” means the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.
“Company Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.
“Company Employee” means any employee (whether current or former) of the Company.
“Company Fundamental Representations” means the representations and warranties made in Section 2.1 (Organization), Section 2.2 (Capitalization of the Company; Title to the Shares), Section 2.3 (No Subsidiaries), Section 2.4 (Power and Authorization), Section 2.23 (No Brokers) and Section 2.26 (Taxes).
“Company Independent Contractor” means any individual (whether current of former) providing services to the Company, as an independent contractor, consultant, temporary employee, leased employee or other agent other than an employee including through an entity wholly owned by such individual.
“Company Intellectual Property” means, collectively, the Company Owned Intellectual Property and the Company Licensed Intellectual Property.
“Company’s Knowledge” means the actual knowledge of the Key Employees, who will be deemed to have actual knowledge of all such matters as he would have discovered, had he made due inquiries.
“Company Products” means the product candidates and services (including immunotherapeutics and other biotherapeutics product candidates and services) that the Company currently develops, researchers, tests, manufactures or has manufactured on its behalf, packages, labels, stores, markets, distributes, makes available, sells, licenses to third parties or uses to provide products or services to third parties, including any product candidates or services in any stage of research, discovery, preclinical or clinical development, regulatory approval, or commercialization, as well as those that the Company is currently or reasonably plans to develop, research, test, manufacture or have manufactured on its behalf, package, label, store, market, distribute, make available, sell, license to third parties or use to provide products or services to third parties in the future.
“Company Registrations” means Intellectual Property Registrations that are registered or filed in the name of the Company, alone or jointly with others.
“Company Source Code” means any source code, or any portion, aspect or segment of any source code, relating to any Software Company Technology.
“Company Technology” means any and all Technology, including Company Products and Business Systems, used or useful in connection with the Business.
“Compensation” means, with respect to any Person, all salaries, compensation, remuneration, bonuses or benefits of any kind or character whatever, paid or provided directly or indirectly by the Company to such Person or Affiliates of such Person.
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“Contaminant” means any pollutant, hazardous substance, radioactive substance, toxic substance, hazardous waste, medical waste, radioactive waste, special waste, petroleum or petroleum-derived substance or waste, asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls, or any hazardous or toxic constituent thereof and includes any substance defined in or regulated under any Environmental Law.
“Contemplated Transactions” means the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the Merger.
“Contingent Merger Consideration” means one-third of the Merger Consideration.
“Contractual Obligation” means, with respect to any Person, any contract, agreement, deed, mortgage, lease, license or warranty obligation, whether written or oral and whether express or implied, or other document or instrument (including any document or instrument evidencing or otherwise relating to any Indebtedness), to which or by which such Person is a party or otherwise subject or bound.
“CPA Firm” means a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public accountants selected by mutual agreement of Parent and Sellers’ Representative, such agreement not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed.
“Current Liabilities” means the total amount of the Company’s current liabilities and which current liabilities, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not be less than zero and shall not include any liabilities included in Indebtedness or Seller Transaction Expenses.
“Data Room” means the datasite maintained by Microsoft 365 at corheptapharmaceuticals.sharepoint.com by the Company as of Closing.
“Data Security Requirements” means all of the following to the extent relating to data, including Personal Data (including the access and Processing of such data): Laws, Contractual Obligations which the Company has entered into or by which it is otherwise bound, and the Company’s own Privacy Policy(ies).
“Disclosure Schedule” means the disclosure schedules attached hereto and delivered by the Company to Parent and Merger Sub in connection with this Agreement.
“Encumbrance” means any charge, lien pledge, security interest, mortgage, right of way, easement or encroachment and any restriction or covenant with respect to transferability; provided, that, when the term “Encumbrance” is used with respect to, or in respect of, any security or equity interest (including, but not limited to, any Shares), “Encumbrance” shall additionally include any claim, equitable interest, license, option, right of first offer or first refusal, buy/sell agreement and any restriction or covenant with respect to voting.
“Enforceability Exceptions” means (a) bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other Laws now or hereafter in effect affecting the enforceability of creditors’ rights generally, and (b) general principles of equity that may limit the availability of remedies (regardless of whether enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).
“Enforceable” means, with respect to any Contractual Obligation stated to be “Enforceable” by or against any Person, that such Contractual Obligation is a legal, valid and binding obligation of such Person enforceable by or against such Person in accordance with its terms.
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“Environmental Laws” means all Legal Requirements relating to or addressing the environment, worker health or safety (as such relate to exposure to Contaminants), which shall include the use, handling, treatment, storage or disposal of any Contaminant.
“Equity Security” of any Person means any (i) capital stock, membership or partnership interest or other ownership interest of or in such Person, (ii) securities directly or indirectly convertible into or exchangeable for any for the foregoing; (iii) options, warrants, convertible notes or other rights directly or indirectly to purchase or subscribe for any of the foregoing or securities convertible into or exchangeable for any of the foregoing; or (iv) contracts, commitments, agreements, understandings, arrangements, calls or claims of any kind relating to the issuance of any of the foregoing or giving any Person the right to participate in or receive any payment based on the profits or performance of such Person (including any equity appreciation, phantom equity or similar plan or right).
“ERISA” means the federal Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time.
“Exchange Act” means the U.S. Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
“Exchange Ratio” is equal to the Per Share Merger Consideration divided by the Parent Stock Price.
“Exploit” means develop, design, test, modify, make, use, sell, have made, used and sold, import, reproduce, market, distribute, commercialize, support, maintain, correct and create derivative works of.
“Facilities” means any buildings, plants, improvements or structures located on the Real Property.
“FDA” means the United States Food and Drug Administration and any successor agency thereto.
“FDCA” means the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as amended, and all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Fraud” means common law fraud under Delaware Law in the making of any representation or warranty set forth in this Agreement.
“Fully Diluted Shares” means the aggregate number of Shares (other than Shares to be cancelled in accordance with Section 1.5(b)), including any Shares issuable upon any outstanding Equity Security of the Company, outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time.
“Fundamental Representations” means, collectively, the Company Fundamental Representations and Parent Fundamental Representations.
“GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States as in effect from time to time.
“Governmental Authority” means any federal, state, local, tribal, provincial, municipal or any foreign government, or political subdivision thereof, or any multinational organization or authority or any authority, agency, board or commission entitled to exercise any administrative, executive, judicial, legislative, police, regulatory or taxing authority or power, any court or tribunal (or any department, bureau or division thereof), or any arbitrator or arbitral body.
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“Governmental Order” means any order, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, stipulation, ruling, determination or award entered by or with any Governmental Authority in a judicial or administrative proceeding.
“Guarantee” means, with respect to any Person, (a) any guarantee of the payment or performance of, or any contingent obligation in respect of, any Indebtedness or other Liability of any other Person; or (b) any other arrangement whereby credit is extended to any obligor (other than such Person) on the basis of any promise or undertaking of such Person to pay the Indebtedness or other Liability of such obligor.
“Income Tax Return” means any Tax Return relating to any Federal, state, local, provincial, municipal or foreign Tax measured by or imposed on net income.
“Indebtedness” means (without duplication), with respect to any Person, all obligations (including all obligations in respect of principal, accrued interest, penalties, fees and premiums) of such Person, whether direct or indirect, (a) for borrowed money (including overdraft facilities), or evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures or similar Contractual Obligations, (b) for Liabilities secured by any Encumbrance existing on property owned or acquired and subject thereto, (c) for the deferred purchase price of property, goods or services (including any “earn-out” or similar payments or obligations at the maximum amount payable, contingently or otherwise, in respect thereof), including in connection with the acquisition of any business or non-competition agreement (other than trade payables or accruals incurred in the Ordinary Course of Business), (d) under capitalized leases or leases that in accordance with GAAP are or will be required to be capitalized, (e) in respect of letters of credit and bankers’ acceptances, (f) for Contractual Obligations relating to interest rate protection, swap agreements, factoring, hedging and collar agreements, (g) all unpaid Taxes of the Company for all Pre-Closing Tax Periods for which Tax Returns are first due (with extension) after the Closing Date, calculated in accordance with the past practices of the Company in preparing its applicable Tax Returns (unless otherwise required by applicable Law) and excluding any liabilities or reserves for contingent Taxes or uncertain Tax positions, (h) in the nature of premiums (prepayment or otherwise) or penalties in connection with the obligations described in clauses (a) through (h) above, and (i) in the nature of Guarantees of the obligations described in clauses (a) through (h) above of any other Person. Indebtedness shall not include any Current Liabilities or Seller Transaction Expenses.
“Indemnified Person” means, with respect to any Indemnity Claim, the Person asserting such claim under Section 5.1 or Section 5.2, as the case may be.
“Indemnifying Person” means, with respect to any Indemnity Claim, the Stockholders or the Surviving Corporation under Section 5.1 or Section 5.2, as the case may be, against whom such claim is asserted.
“Indemnified Taxes” means (i) any and all Taxes of the Company or any Subsidiary (or for which the Company is liable) for any Pre-Closing Tax Period (including the portion of Taxes which are allocable to the portion of a Straddle Period that is a Pre-Closing Tax Period as determined in accordance with Section 6.1(e)), (ii) any and all Taxes of any member of an affiliated, consolidated, combined or unitary group of which the Company (or any predecessor thereof) is or was a member on or prior to the Closing Date, including pursuant to Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 or any comparable provisions of state, local or non-U.S. law, (iii) any and all Taxes of any Person imposed on the Company as a transferee or successor, by contract (other than a contract entered into in the ordinary course of business, the primary purpose of which is unrelated to Taxes), or pursuant to any law, rule, or regulation with respect to an event or transaction occurring prior to the Closing, and (iv) any and all Taxes that are Transfer Taxes for which the Stockholders are responsible pursuant to Section 6.3.
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“Indemnity Claim” means a claim for indemnity under Section 5.1 or Section 5.2.
“Indemnity Amount” means that number of shares of Parent Common Stock equal to ten percent (10%) of the vested Merger Consideration.
“Intellectual Property” means the entire right, title and interest in and to all intellectual property rights of every kind and nature anywhere, including all rights and interests pertaining to or deriving from:
(i) Patent Rights;
(ii) Trademarks;
(iii) copyrights and database rights and registrations and applications for registration thereof (whether or not registered or registerable);
(iv) Trade Secrets;
(v) rights of privacy and publicity, moral rights, and other rights of attribution or integrity of any kind or nature, however denominated;
(vi) any other proprietary rights with respect to Technology;
(vii) any and all Contractual Obligations relating to any of the foregoing; and
(viii) all Actions and rights to sue at law or in equity for any past, present or future infringement or other impairment of any of the foregoing, including the right to receive all proceeds and damages therefrom, and all rights to obtain renewals, continuations, divisions or other extensions of legal protections pertaining thereto.
“Intellectual Property Registrations” means Patent Rights, registered Trademarks, registered copyrights and designs, registered databases, mask work registrations and applications and filings for each of the foregoing, including for any Intellectual Property rights that have been registered, filed, certified or otherwise perfected or recorded with or by any Governmental Authority.
“Inventory” means all inventory related to the Business, wherever located, including all finished goods whether held at any location or facility of the Company or in transit to the Company.
“Investment” means (a) any direct or indirect ownership, purchase or other acquisition by a Person of any notes, obligations, instruments, Equity Securities (including joint venture interests) of any other Person; and (b) any capital contribution or similar obligation by a Person to any other Person.
“IRS” means the Internal Revenue Service.
“Key Employees” means Chris Cabell and John Adams.
“Law” means any federal, national, foreign, supranational, state, provincial, local or similar statute, law, standard, resolution, promulgation, ordinance, regulation, rule, code, order, requirement or rule of law (including common law), or any similar provision having the force or effect of law.
“Legal Requirement” means any Law, Governmental Order or Permit.
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“Liability” means, with respect to any Person, any liability or obligation of such Person, of any kind, character or description, whether known or unknown, whether asserted or unasserted, whether executory, determined, determinable or otherwise, whether absolute or contingent, whether accrued or unaccrued, whether liquidated or unliquidated, whether disputed or undisputed, whether disclosed or undisclosed, whether incurred or consequential, whether secured or unsecured, joint or several, vested or unvested, whether due or to become due, whether choate or inchoate and whether or not required under GAAP to be accrued on the financial statements of such Person and regardless of whether such debt, duty or liability is immediately due and payable.
“Lock-Up Agreement” means the Lock-Up Agreement, in the form attached as Exhibit D, entered into on the date hereof by each of the Persons set forth on Schedule 1.11(b)(i)(3).
“Losses” means any loss, Liability, claim, damage or expense (including costs of defense and reasonable and documented attorneys’, accountants’ and experts’ fees and disbursements).
“Material Adverse Effect” means any change in, development, event, occurrence or effect on, the Business, operations, Assets, condition (financial or otherwise), prospects or results of operations of the Company which, when considered either individually or in the aggregate together with all other adverse changes or effects with respect to which such phrase is used in this Agreement, (a) is, or would reasonably be expected to be, materially adverse to the Business, operations, Assets, condition (financial or otherwise) or results of operations of the Company, or (b) prevents or materially delays the Company’s ability to perform its material obligations hereunder; provided, however, that no change, development, event, occurrence or effect shall be deemed (individually or in the aggregate) to constitute a Material Adverse Effect, nor shall any of the foregoing be taken into account in determining whether there has been or may be a Material Adverse Effect, to the extent that such change, development, event, occurrence or effect results from, arises out of, or relates to (a) a change, development or general deterioration in the economy or in the economic or regulatory conditions prevalent in the industry or markets in which the Company operates; (b) the outbreak or escalation of hostilities involving the United States, the declaration by the United States of a national emergency or war or the occurrence of any other calamity or crisis, including acts of terrorism, natural disasters and acts of God, as well as any continuation or worsening of, or actions taken in response to, any of the foregoing; (c) the announcement or pendency of the Contemplated Transactions or the execution, delivery or negotiation of this Agreement; (d) any change in accounting requirements or principles imposed upon the Company or the Business or any change in applicable Laws, or the enforcement, implementation or interpretation thereof; (e) compliance with the terms of, or the taking of any action required by, this Agreement (provided, that, in the case of the preceding clauses (a) and (b), to the extent the same does not have a disproportionate impact on the Company taken as a whole, relative to other Persons in the industries or markets in which the Company operates).
“Members of the Immediate Family” means, with respect to any individual, (a) such Person’s spouse, (b) each parent, brother, sister or child of such Person or such Person’s spouse, (c) each trust created solely for the benefit of one or more of the Persons described in clauses (a) through (b) above and (d) each custodian or guardian of any property of one or more of the Persons described in clauses (a) through (c) above in its capacity as such custodian or guardian.
“Merger Consideration” means, subject to the adjustments set forth in Section 1.10, the aggregate consideration for the Shares, in a number of shares of Parent Common Stock valued at the Parent Stock Price equal to (a) $15,000,000, minus (b) the Indebtedness, minus (c) the Seller Transaction Expenses, minus, (d) the Current Liabilities, plus (e) the Cash.
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“NIH” means the National Institutes of Health.
“Occupational Safety and Health Law” means any Legal Requirement, including the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, which both has been adopted and is effective prior to the Closing Date and which is designed to provide safe and healthful working conditions and to reduce occupational safety and health hazards.
“Ordinary Course of Business” means an action taken by any Person in the ordinary course of such Person’s business which is consistent with the past customs and practices of such Person (including past practice with respect to standard employment and payroll policies) and which does not require the consent of the stockholders or board of directors of such Person.
“Organizational Documents” means, with respect to any Person (other than an individual), (a) the certificate or articles of incorporation, formation or organization, and any joint venture, limited liability company, operating or partnership agreement and other similar documents entered into or adopted at any time or filed in connection with the creation, formation or organization of such Person and (b) all by-laws, stockholders’ agreements, voting agreements, rights of first refusal and similar documents, instruments or agreements relating to the organization or governance of such Person, in each case, as amended or supplemented.
“Parent Board” means the Board of Directors of the Parent.
“Parent Fundamental Representations” means the representations and warranties made in Section 3.1 (Organization), Section 3.2 (Capitalization of Parent and Merger Sub), Section 3.3 (Valid Issuance of Parent Common Stock), Section 3.4 (Power and Authorization), and Section 3.7 (No Brokers).
“Parent Stock Options” means any option to purchase shares of Parent Common Stock granted under the Parent Stock Plan.
“Parent Stock Plan” means the Inhibikase Therapeutics, Inc. 2020 Equity Incentive Plan.
“Parent Stock Price” means $3.00.
“Patent Rights” means all patents, patent applications (including provisional applications), utility models, design registrations and certificates of invention and other governmental grants for the protection of inventions or industrial designs (including all related continuations, continuations-in-part, divisionals, reissues and reexaminations).
“Per Share Merger Consideration” means the Merger Consideration divided by the Fully Diluted Shares.
“Permits” means, with respect to any Person, any license, registrations, applications, franchise, permit, consent, approval, right, privilege, certificate, orders, regulatory and marketing approvals and clearances (including clinical trial authorizations), variances or other similar authorization issued by, or otherwise granted by, any Governmental Authority or any other Person required to conduct the Business as currently conducted, or to which or by which such Person is subject or bound or to which or by which any property, business, operation or right of such Person is subject or bound.
“Permitted Encumbrance” means (a) statutory liens for current Taxes, special assessments or other governmental charges not yet due and payable or the amount or validity of which is being contested in good
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faith by appropriate proceedings and for which appropriate reserves have been established in books and records in accordance with GAAP, (b) mechanics’, materialmen’s, carriers’, workers’, repairers’ and similar statutory liens arising or incurred in the Ordinary Course of Business which liens for amounts that are not yet due and payable, are not material in amount or that would not be, individually or in the aggregate, material to the Company, (c) zoning, entitlement, building and other land use regulations imposed by governmental agencies having jurisdiction over any Real Property which are not violated in any material respect by the current or contemplated use and operation of the Real Property, (d) superior Encumbrances on the fee title of any leased Real Property, (e) restrictions on the transfer of securities arising under federal and state securities laws and (f) Encumbrances which will be terminated as of the Closing as provided in this Agreement.
“Person” means an individual, a partnership, a limited liability company, a corporation, an association, a joint stock company, a trust, a joint venture, an unincorporated organization or a governmental entity (or any department, agency or political subdivision thereof).
“Personal Data” means, in addition to any definition provided by the Company for any similar term (e.g., “personal information”, “personally identifiable information” or “PII”) in any Privacy Policy all information regarding, relating to, describing, capable of being associated with or that could reasonably be expected to be linked with, directly or indirectly, an identified or identifiable individual person or that is otherwise subject to regulation under any Data Security Requirements applicable to the Company. Personal Data may relate to an individual, including a current, prospective or former customer or employee of any Person. Personal Data includes information or data in any form, including paper, electronic or other forms.
“Post-Closing Tax Period” means any taxable period that begins after the Closing Date and the portion of any Straddle Period beginning on the day immediately after the Closing Date.
“Privacy Policy” means any internal or external privacy policy of the Company, including any policy or statement relating to the privacy of users of any Company Products or the Processing of any Personal Data.
“Pre-Closing Tax Period” means any taxable period ending on or before the Closing Date and the portion of any Straddle Period ending on the Closing Date.
“Pro Rata Interest” means, with respect to each Stockholder, the fraction determined by dividing (i) the number of Shares owned by such Stockholder as of immediately prior to the Closing by (ii) the aggregate number of Shares issued and outstanding as of immediately prior to the Closing.
“Reimbursable Transaction Expenses” means, the reasonable and documented fees and expenses of Cooley LLP, the counsel for the Company, in an amount not to exceed, in the aggregate, $175,000.
“Release” means the release, spill, emission, leaking, pumping, injection, deposit, disposal, discharge, dispersal, leaching or migrating into or through the indoor or outdoor environment of any Contaminant.
“Representative” means, with respect to any Person, any director, officer, employee, agent, consultant, contractor, advisor, or other representative of such Person, including legal counsel, accountants, and financial advisors.
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“Restricted Cash” means cash to the extent that it is not freely useable by the Company because it is subject to restrictions or limitations on use or distribution by Law, contract or otherwise.
“Sarbanes-Oxley Act” means the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended.
“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Seller Transaction Expenses” means (without duplication), to the extent not paid by Stockholders, the Company or otherwise unpaid prior to the Closing Date, (i) the collective amount, excluding the Reimbursable Transaction Expenses, payable by, or Liabilities of, the Company to outside legal counsel, accountants, advisors, brokers and other Persons retained by the Company or the Stockholders on behalf of the Company in connection with the Contemplated Transactions or otherwise arising by consummation of the Contemplated Transactions, whether accrued for or not, (ii) all Liabilities of the Company under or in connection with any severance arrangements, stay bonuses, incentive bonuses, transaction bonuses, bonuses payable on termination and change of control arrangements and similar obligations that are owed to any Person and which become payable by the Company at Closing as a result of or in connection with the Contemplated Transactions (but excluding any severance triggered by any action by Parent after the Effective Time), and (iii) the employer’s required portion of any payroll, employment or similar Taxes that are accrued or payable as of the Closing Date imposed on payments made in connection with such Liabilities under the immediately preceding clause (ii) or the exercise, vesting, cash-out, settlement or payment of any equity or equity-based compensation in connection with the Contemplated Transactions. Seller Transaction Expenses shall not include any Current Liabilities or Indebtedness.
“Stockholders” means all Persons holding of record any issued and outstanding Shares immediately prior to the Effective Time.
“Software” means computer software code, applications, utilities, development tools, diagnostics, including related programmer comments and annotations, data and data structures, databases and embedded systems, whether in source code, interpreted code, object code, libraries, macros, algorithms, tools, and scripts, and all documentation of or for any of the foregoing.
“Straddle Period” means a taxable period beginning on or before the Closing Date and ending after the Closing Date.
“Subsidiary” means, with respect to any specified Person, any other Person of which such specified Person will, at the time, directly or indirectly through one or more Subsidiaries, (a) own at least 50% of the outstanding capital stock (or other shares of beneficial interest) entitled to vote generally, (b) hold at least 50% of the partnership, limited liability company, joint venture or similar interests or (c) be a general partner, managing member or joint venturer.
“Tax” means any and all federal, state, local, provincial, municipal and foreign taxes (including assessments and other governmental charges, duties, impositions, and levies in the nature of taxes), including taxes based upon, measured by, or with respect to income, earnings, profits or gross receipts, or any sales, use, ad valorem, transfer, franchise, license, lease, withholding, payroll, employment, inventory, excise, severance, stamp, occupation, premium, real or personal property, windfall profits, environmental taxes under former Code Section 59A, alternative or add-on minimum, financial transactions, customs duties, capital stock, social security (or similar), unemployment, disability, gains, recapture, estimated, net worth, recording, registration, value-added, production, service, service use, special assessment, escheat, unclaimed property, workers’ compensation, utility or any other taxes of any kind whatsoever, together
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with any interest and any penalties, additions to tax or additional amounts with respect thereto, whether disputed or not.
“Tax Attribute” mean net operating losses, net operating loss carryovers, Tax credits, Tax credit carryovers, tax refunds and other Tax attributes.
“Tax Claim” means any Action that relates to Taxes or Tax Returns.
“Tax Return” means any return, declaration, report, claim for refund, election, notice or information return or statement or other document (including any related or supporting information, attachments, schedules or exhibits, and including any amendment that, in each case, relates to any Tax) filed or required to be filed with a Taxing Authority.
“Tax Sharing Agreement” means any Tax indemnity, Tax sharing, Tax allocation or similar agreement (other than a contract entered into in the ordinary course of business, the primary purpose of which is unrelated to Taxes).
“Taxing Authority” means any Federal, national, provincial, foreign, state or local government, or any subdivision, agency, commission or authority thereof exercising Tax regulatory, enforcement, collection or other authority.
“Technology” means all inventions, works of authorship, discoveries, innovations, know-how, information (including ideas, research and development, formulas, compositions, processes and techniques, data, designs, drawings, and specifications), Software, computer hardware, medical devices, electronic, electrical and mechanical equipment and all other forms of technology, including improvements, modifications, works in process, derivatives or changes, whether tangible or intangible, embodied in any form, whether or not protectable or protected by patent, copyright, mask work right, trade secret law or otherwise, and all documents and other materials recording any of the foregoing.
“Threatened” whether capitalized or not, means threatened in writing to the Company.
“Trade Secrets” means trade secrets, know-how, customer and supplier lists, pricing and cost information, business and marketing plans and proposals, documentation and manuals and confidential business information and any other information, however documented, that is a trade secret within the meaning of the applicable trade secret protection Laws, including the Uniform Trade Secrets Act.
“Trademarks” means all registered trademarks and service marks, logos, Internet domain names, social media account handles, corporate names, trade names, fictitious names, and doing business designations or other indicia of source and all registrations and applications for registration of the foregoing, unregistered trademarks and service marks and trade dress, and common law rights with respect thereto and all of the goodwill associated therewith and symbolized thereby.
“Transfer Taxes” means any transfer, excise, sales, use, value added, stamp, documentary, registration, filing, recordation taxes and other similar Taxes, fees and charges (including real property transfer taxes) incurred in connection with the consummation of the Contemplated Transactions, together with any interest, penalties or additions with respect thereto.
“Treasury Regulations” means the regulations (including any proposed and temporary regulations) promulgated by the U.S. Department of Treasury with respect to the Code or other U.S. Federal tax statutes.
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“Upfront Merger Consideration” means two-thirds of the Merger Consideration.
8.2 Other Defined Terms. The following capitalized terms have the meanings in the sections indicated below.
Defined Term | Section Reference |
Agreement | Preamble |
Appraisal Shares | 1.7 |
Certificate of Merger | 1.1 |
Closing | 1.11(a) |
Closing Date | 1.11(a) |
Closing Statement | 1.10(a) |
Common Stock | Recitals |
Company | Preamble |
Company Licensed Intellectual Property | 2.12(a) |
Company Permit | 2.13(b) |
Company Owned Intellectual Property | 2.12(a) |
D&O Indemnified Persons | 4.7 |
D&O Tail Insurance | 4.7 |
D&O Term | 4.7 |
Deductible | 5.4(a) |
DGCL | Recitals |
Disclosed Contracts | 2.16(a) |
Dispute Notice | 1.10(b) |
Effective Time | 1.2(a) |
Employee Plans | 2.14(a) |
Equipment | 2.10(b) |
ERISA Affiliate | 2.14(a) |
Exchange Agent | 1.6(a) |
Exchange Fund | 1.6(a) |
Joinder Agreement | Recitals |
License | 4.4 |
Merger | Recitals |
Merger Sub | Preamble |
Multiemployer Plan | 2.14(a) |
Parent | Preamble |
Parent Common Stock | 1.5(c) |
Parent Indemnified Person | 5.1(a) |
Parent SEC Reports | 3.9(a) |
PBGC | 2.14(e) |
Processed | 2.12(l) |
Real Property | 2.11 |
Real Property Leases | 2.11 |
Reorganization | 6.5 |
Section 262 | 1.7 |
Seller Indemnified Person | 5.2 |
Sellers’ Representative | Preamble |
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Defined Term | Section Reference |
Shares | Recitals |
Surviving Corporation | 1.1 |
Third Party Claim | 5.5(a) |
Transaction Agreements | 2.4 |
WARN | 2.18(c) |
8.3 Rules of Construction. Except as otherwise explicitly specified to the contrary, (a) each reference to a Section, Exhibit or Schedule means a Section of, or Schedule or Exhibit to this Agreement, unless another agreement is specified, (b) the word “including” will be construed as “including without limitation,” (c) references to a particular statute or regulation include all rules and regulations thereunder and any predecessor or successor statute, rules or regulation, in each case as amended or otherwise modified from time to time, (d) words in the singular or plural form include the plural and singular form, respectively, (e) references to a particular Person include such Person’s successors and assigns to the extent not prohibited by this Agreement and (f) all pronouns and any variations thereof refer to the masculine, feminine or neuter singular or plural as the identity of the Person or Persons may require. The terms “hereof”, “herein”, “hereunder”, “hereto” and “herewith” and words of similar import shall, unless otherwise stated, be construed to refer to this Agreement and not to any particular provision of this Agreement. The word “or” shall not be exclusive. All references herein to “dollars” or “$” are to United States dollars. Any accounting term used in this Agreement shall have, unless otherwise specifically provided herein, the meaning customarily given such term in accordance with GAAP and all financial computations hereunder will be computed, unless otherwise specifically provided herein, in accordance with GAAP consistently applied. All references herein to any period of days shall mean the relevant number of calendar days unless otherwise specified. Whenever any action must be taken hereunder on or by a day that is not a Business Day, then such action may be validly taken on or by the next day that is a Business Day. All references herein to a “party” or “parties” are to a party or parties to this Agreement unless otherwise specified. The phrases “date of this Agreement,” “date hereof” and terms of similar import, unless the context otherwise requires, shall be deemed to refer to the date set forth in the preamble of this Agreement. The phrase “made available” means that the applicable document, agreement, Permit, certificate or other applicable information has been uploaded to, and is contained and available for review in, the Data Room no fewer than two Business Days prior to the date of this Agreement.
[signature page follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the undersigned has executed and delivered this Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization as of the date first set forth above.
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| CORHEPTA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By:_/s/ Chris Cabell _________________________ Name: Chris Cabell, M.D. Title: Chief Executive Officer |
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| SELLERS’ REPRESENTATIVE: |
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By:_/s/ Preston S. Klassen_________________________ Name: Preston S. Klassen |
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[Signature Page to Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the undersigned has executed and delivered this Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization as of the date first set forth above.
| PARENT: |
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| INHIBIKASE THERAPEUTICS, INC.
By:_/s/ Mark Iwicki_________________________ Name: Mark Iwicki Title: President and Chief Executive Officer |
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| MERGER SUB: |
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| PROJECT IKT MERGER SUB, INC.
By:_/s/ Mark Iwicki_________________________ Name: Mark Iwicki Title: President
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[Signature Page to Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization]
Schedule 1.5(c)
[***]
Exhibit A
Form of Joinder
Exhibit B
Certificate of Merger
Exhibit C
Surviving Corporation Strategy
[***]
Exhibit D
Form of Lock-Up Agreement