Description of Capital Stock
Exhibit 4.7
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
The following description summarizes the terms of our capital stock. This summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the provisions of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws, copies of which have been filed as exhibits to our Annual Report on Form 10-K to which this exhibit is attached.
General
Our authorized capital stock consists of 600,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share. We have no shares of preferred stock outstanding.
Common Stock
Shares of our common stock are the only security of the Company registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act.
Voting Rights
Each holder of common stock is entitled to one vote for each share on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, including the election of directors. Our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. For all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares represented at the meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter will be required to take such actions, including the election of directors.
Dividends
Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then outstanding preferred stock, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends as may be declared from time to time by our Board of Directors out of legally available funds.
Liquidation
In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common stock will be entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities, subject to the satisfaction of any liquidation preference granted to the holders of any then outstanding shares of preferred stock.
Rights, Preferences, and Privileges
Holders of our common stock have no preemptive, conversion or subscription rights, and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock. The rights, preferences, and privileges of the holders of our common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of our preferred stock that we may designate and issue in the future.
Fully Paid and Nonassessable
All of our outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and nonassessable.
Registration Rights
The holders of our securities are entitled to certain registration rights, including ‘piggyback’ registration rights, which allow them to include their shares of the Company if we propose to register any of our securities under the Securities Act; and Form S-3 registration rights, which means that, subject to certain qualifications, those stockholders may require us to file a Form S-3 registration statement to have their shares registered, provided that we are qualified to do so.
CDIs
In order for our shares of common stock in the form of CDIs to trade electronically on the ASX, we participate in the electronic transfer system known as the Clearing House Electronic Subregister System, or CHESS, operated by ASX Settlement Pty Limited, or ASX Settlement. ASX Settlement provides settlement services for ASX markets to assist participants and issuers to understand the operation of the rules and procedures governing settlement facilities. The ASX Settlement Operating Rules form part of the overall listing and market rules which we are required to comply with as an entity listed on ASX.
CHESS is an electronic system which manages the settlement of transactions executed on ASX and facilitates the paperless transfer of legal title to ASX quoted securities. CHESS cannot be used directly for the transfer of securities of companies domiciled in certain jurisdictions outside of Australia, such as the United States. Accordingly, to enable our shares of common stock to be cleared and settled electronically through CHESS, we have issued and will continue to issue depositary interests called CDIs.
CDIs confer the on the CDI holder the beneficial ownership in the shares of common stock, with one CDI representing an interest in one share. The legal title to such shares is held by CHESS Depositary Nominees Pty Limited (CDN), a subsidiary of ASX Limited, which acts as our Australian depositary nominee and issues the CDIs. CDI holders receive all direct economic and other benefits of the underlying shares of common stock.
A holder of CDIs who does not wish to have their trades settled in CDIs may request that their CDIs be converted into shares of common stock, in which case legal title to the shares of common stock will be transferred to the holder of CDIs.
There are a number of differences between holding CDIs and shares of common stock. The major differences are that:
• | CDI holders do not have legal title in the underlying shares of common stock to which the CDIs relate (the legal title is held by CDN as summarized above); and |
• | CDI holders are not able to vote personally as shareholders at a meeting of EBR Systems. Instead, CDI holders are provided with a voting instruction form which enables them to instruct CDN in relation to the exercise of voting rights. Alternatively, CDI holders may instruct CDN to appoint themselves or another person as CDN’s proxy with respect to the shares underlying their CDIs for the purpose of voting at shareholder meetings. |
Preferred Stock
Our board of directors is authorized, subject to limitations prescribed by Delaware law and the ASX Listing Rules, to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series, to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each series and to fix the designation, powers, preferences, and rights of the shares of each series and any of its qualifications, limitations, or restrictions. Our board of directors can also increase or decrease the number of shares of any series, but not below the number of shares of that series then outstanding, without any further vote or action by the company’s stockholders unless required by the ASX Listing Rules. Our board of directors may, subject to the ASX Listing Rules, authorize the issuance of preferred stock with certain rights that could adversely affect the rights of the holders of the common stock. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could, among other things, have the effect of delaying, deferring, discouraging, or preventing a change in control of EBR and may adversely affect the market price of our common stock and the rights of the holders of common stock.
Anti-Takeover Provisions
Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended, include a number of provisions that may deter or impede hostile takeovers or changes of control or management. These provisions include:
Issuance of undesignated preferred stock. Our board of directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders (unless required by the ASX Listing Rules), to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock with rights and preferences, including voting rights, designated from time to time by our board of directors (subject to such rights and preferences in accordance with the ASX Listing Rules.) The existence of authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock enables our board of directors to make it more difficult or to discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise.
Board of directors vacancies. Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws authorize only our board of directors to fill vacant directorships. In addition, the number of directors constituting our board of directors may be set only by resolution adopted by a majority vote of our entire board of directors. These provisions prevent a stockholder from increasing the size of our board of directors and gaining control of our board of directors by filling the resulting vacancies with its own nominees.
Stockholder action; special meetings of stockholders. Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that our stockholders may not take action by written consent but may only take action at annual or special meetings of our stockholders. Stockholders will not be permitted to cumulate their votes for the election of directors unless required by applicable law. Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation further provides that only the chairman of our board of directors, chief executive officer or a majority of our board of directors may call special meetings of our stockholders.
Advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals and director nominations. Our Amended and Restated Bylaws provide advance notice procedures for stockholders seeking to bring business before our annual meeting of stockholders, or to nominate candidates for election as directors at our annual meeting of stockholders. Our Amended and Restated Bylaws also specify certain requirements as to the form and content of a stockholder’s notice. These provisions may make it more difficult for our stockholders to bring matters before our annual meeting of stockholders or to nominate directors at annual meetings of stockholders.
We designed these provisions to enhance the likelihood of continued stability in the composition of our board of directors and its policies, to discourage certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened acquisition of us, and to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal. We also designed these provisions to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy fights. However, these provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares and, as a consequence, they may also reduce fluctuations in the market price of our shares that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts.
Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law
We are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”), which prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with any interested stockholder for a period of three years following the date the person became an interested stockholder, with the following exceptions:
• | prior to such time the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; |
• | upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding (but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder) those shares owned (i) by persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or |
• | at or subsequent to such time the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder. |
• | In general, Section 203 of the DGCL defines business combination to include the following: |
• | any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder; |
• | any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation involving the interested stockholder; |
• | subject to certain exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder; |
• | any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock or any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; and |
• | the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges, or other financial benefits by or through the corporation. |
In general, Section 203 of the DGCL defines an “interested stockholder” as an entity or person who, together with the entity’s or person’s affiliates and associates, beneficially owns, or is an affiliate of the corporation and within three years prior to the time of determination of interested stockholder status did own, 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation. A Delaware corporation may “opt out” of these provisions with an express provision in its certificate of incorporation. We have not opted out of these provisions, which may as a result, discourage or prevent mergers or other takeover or change of control attempts of us.
Choice of Forum
Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the exclusive forum for the following types of actions or proceedings under Delaware statutory or common law: (1) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; (2) any action or proceeding asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty by any of our stockholders, directors, officers, employees or agents to us or our stockholders; (3) any action or proceeding asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to any provision of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware or our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or Amended and Restated Bylaws or (4) any action or proceeding asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine. The exclusive forum provision does not apply to any actions brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the U.S. federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction.
The provisions of Delaware law, our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, and our Amended and Restated Bylaws could have the effect of discouraging others from attempting hostile takeovers and, as a consequence, they may also inhibit temporary fluctuations in the market price of our common stock that often result from actual or rumored hostile takeover attempts. These provisions may also have the effect of preventing changes in the composition of our Board and management. It is possible that these provisions could make it more difficult to accomplish transactions that stockholders may otherwise deem to be in their best interests.
Listing
Our common stock is currently listed on the Australian Securities Exchange, under the symbol “EBR”.