Form of Nonqualified Stock Options Award pursuant to the 2023 Long-Term Incentive Plan

    Grant Date:    %%OPTION_DATE,'Month DD, YYYY'%-%    

    Grant Number:    %%OPTION_NUMBER%-%    

    Units Granted:    %%TOTAL_SHARES_GRANTED,'999,999,999'%-%

    Option Price:    %%OPTION_PRICE,'$999,999,999.99'%-%

    Expiration Date:    %%EXPIRE_DATE_PERIOD1,'Month DD, YYYY'%-%

        

The Board of Directors of Caterpillar Inc. (the “Company”) has granted you the number of nonqualified stock options (“NQSOs”) specified above on the date specified above (the “Grant Date”) pursuant to, and subject to the restrictions, terms and conditions set forth in, the Caterpillar Inc. 2023 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) at the price specified above per share, which is the closing transaction price of a share of Company Common Stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange on the Grant Date. This Award Notice and the Plan specify the material terms and provisions applicable to such nonqualified stock option award (the “Option Award”). Capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the meanings specified in the Plan.

Except to the extent the NQSOs are forfeited upon your termination of employment, as provided below, the NQSOs will become vested in the amounts and on the vesting date(s) specified below (each such date, a “Vesting Date”).

%%VEST_DATE_PERIOD1,'Month DD, YYYY'%-%    %%SHARES_PERIOD1%-%

%%VEST_DATE_PERIOD2,'Month DD, YYYY'%-%    %%SHARES_PERIOD2%-%

%%VEST_DATE_PERIOD3,'Month DD, YYYY'%-%    %%SHARES_PERIOD3%-%

If you terminate employment prior to the date the NQSOs have become fully vested for any reason other than Long-Service Separation, Disability, death or in connection with a Change in Control (as described more fully below), the unvested NQSOs will be forfeited. Your Option Award is also subject to certain additional forfeiture conditions set forth in the Plan and this Award Notice.

The Option Award may only be exercised through the Plan’s designated administrator, currently E*TRADE, or through such other means as the Company may designate. You may exercise the Option Award by providing notice of exercise, in a manner specified by the Company, setting forth the number of shares to be exercised, accompanied by full payment for the shares. The exercise price shall be payable at your election by: (1) tendering cash, (2) tendering previously acquired shares of Company Common Stock, (3) except as may be prohibited by applicable law, a broker-dealer, acceptable to the Company and to whom you submitted an irrevocable notice of exercise, tendering cash, (4) authorizing the Company to withhold whole shares of Common Stock which would otherwise be delivered, or (5) any combination of (1), (2), (3) and (4). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company, in its sole discretion, may require you (or in the event of your death, your legal representative, as the case may be) exercise the Option Award by a means of a market sale transaction (either a “same-day sale” transaction or a “sell-to-cover” transaction).

The Option Award will expire unless exercised by the expiration date specified above (the “Expiration Date”), the tenth anniversary of the Grant Date. If the Expiration Date occurs during any period in which you are prohibited from trading Company Common Stock pursuant to the Company’s insider trading policy or during a period when the exercise of the Option Award would violate applicable securities law (a “Blackout Period”), then the Option Award will not expire on the Expiration Date. Instead, the Option Award will not expire until the date that is 30 days after the expiration of the Blackout Period.

During the period between the Grant Date and the date you exercise your vested NQSOs and the shares subject to such NQSOs are issued or delivered to you (the “Restriction Period”), you are not entitled to any voting rights with respect to such NQSOs. From and after the date shares are actually issued or delivered, you then will have full voting rights with respect to those shares.

During the Restriction Period, you will not receive or be credited with dividends or any other distributions (e.g., dividend equivalents) with respect to the NQSOs. From and after the date shares are actually issued or delivered, you then will have dividend rights with respect to those shares.

Your termination of employment with the Company prior to the date the NQSOs become fully vested will impact the unvested NQSOs as follows:

•Long-Service Separation

If your employment with the Company terminates at least six months after the Grant Date by reason of Long-Service Separation (as defined below), your unvested NQSOs will continue to become vested and exercisable as of each Vesting Date as though your employment with the Company had continued through the last scheduled Vesting Date. In such event, your Option Award will remain exercisable until the Expiration Date. For purposes of this Option Award, “Long-Service Separation” means termination of employment after attainment of age 55 with 5 or more years of continuous service with the Company, as determined by the Company in its sole discretion.

•Disability

If your employment with the Company terminates by reason of Disability (as defined below), your unvested NQSOs will become fully vested. In such event, your Option Award will remain exercisable until the Expiration Date. For purposes of this Option Award, “Disability” means, unless otherwise provided for in an employment, change in control or similar agreement in effect between you and the Company or a Subsidiary, qualifying for long-term disability benefits under any long-term disability program sponsored by the Company or a Subsidiary in which you participate or, if you do not participate in any such program, your inability to engage in any substantial gainful business activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment that can be expected to result in death, or which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months, as determined by the Company’s head of Total Rewards, based upon medical evidence.

If your employment with the Company terminates by reason of death, your unvested NQSOs will become fully vested and your estate or your beneficiary (as applicable) will have until the Expiration Date to exercise the Option Award. If you die after your termination of employment when the Option Award is otherwise exercisable, the Option Award will remain exercisable by your estate or your beneficiary (as applicable) until: (a) the Expiration Date if your termination of employment was due to Long-Service Separation, Disability or in connection with a Change in Control; or (b) the earlier of: (1) the Expiration Date or (2) 38 months following your termination of employment if your termination of employment was for any reason other than Long-Service Separation, Disability or in connection with a Change in Control.

In the event of a Change in Control prior to the date the NQSOs become fully vested pursuant to which your Option Award is effectively continued, assumed or replaced by the surviving or acquiring corporation in such Change in Control (with appropriate adjustments to the number and kind of shares, in each case, that preserve the material terms and conditions of the outstanding Option Award as in effect immediately prior to the Change in Control) and your employment is terminated either by the Company without Cause or by you for Good Reason, as defined in the Plan, within the 24–month period commencing on the date of the Change in Control, your unvested NQSOs will immediately become fully vested. In such event, your Option Award will remain exercisable until the Expiration Date.

•Cause

If your employment with the Company is terminated for Cause (as defined in the Plan), all of your unexercised NQSOs associated with the Option Award (whether vested or non-vested) shall expire immediately and all rights thereunder cease upon such termination.

•Other

If your employment with the Company terminates prior to the date the NQSOs become fully vested for any reason other than Long-Service Separation, Disability, death, Cause or in connection with a Change in Control, all unvested NQSOs associated with this Option Award shall be immediately forfeited to the Company. In such event, with respect to vested NQSOs, you will have until the earlier of (1) the Expiration Date or (2) the date which is 60 days following the date of your termination of employment to exercise the Option Award.

For purposes of this Option Award, references to employment with the Company shall also mean employment with a Subsidiary. The extent to which you shall be considered employed during any periods during which you are on a leave of absence shall be determined in accordance with Company policy.

Subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Plan, the Option Award is only exercisable by you (or your beneficiary, estate or representative, as applicable) and may not be assigned, transferred, pledged or hypothecated in any way. The Option Award is not subject to execution, attachment or similar process. Any attempt at such, contrary to the provisions of the Plan, will be null and void and without effect. Note that once your Option Award is exercised and shares of Common Stock are actually issued or delivered, you will have the ability to transfer those shares.

Any vested and unexercised NQSOs will transfer to your estate upon your death. If you wish to designate a beneficiary for the NQSOs, contact executivecompensation@cat.com for additional information. To the extent permitted by the Company and the stock plan administrator, you may designate a beneficiary (or beneficiaries) to whom any shares of Common Stock issued to your stock plan account with the Company’s stock plan administrator upon the exercise of the NQSOs will be paid upon your death. If you do not designate a beneficiary, such shares will be paid to your estate or to such other payee determined in accordance with procedures established by the Company’s stock plan administrator.

The Option Award shall, at all times, be subject to the terms and provisions of the Plan and the Plan shall be administered in accordance with the terms of, and as provided in, the Plan. In the event of conflict between the terms and provisions of this Award Notice and the terms and provisions of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall control.

It is intended that this Award Notice and the administration of the Option Award will be exempt from Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Treasury Regulations promulgated and other official guidance issued thereunder (“Code Section 409A”). The Plan and this Award Notice shall be interpreted and construed on a basis consistent with such intent. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, the Committee reserves the right (including the right to delegate such right) to unilaterally amend this Award Notice (and thus the terms of the Option Award) without your consent solely in order to maintain an exclusion from the application of, or to maintain compliance with, Code Section 409A. Your acceptance of this Option Award constitutes acknowledgement and consent to such rights of the Committee. This provision does not create an obligation on the part of the Company to modify the terms of this Award Notice or the Plan and does not guarantee that this Option Award or the delivery of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Option Award will not be subject to taxes, interest and penalties or any other adverse tax consequences under Code Section 409A. Nothing in this Award Notice shall provide a basis for any person to take any action against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or affiliates based on matters covered by Code Section 409A, including the tax treatment of any amounts paid under this Award Notice, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or affiliates will have any liability under any circumstances to you or any other party if the Option Award, the delivery of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Option Award or other payment or tax event hereunder that is

intended to be exempt from, or compliant with, Code Section 409A, is not so exempt or compliant or for any action taken by the Committee with respect thereto.

Please refer to the Plan prospectus and support materials for a general description of the tax consequences of an Option Award. You may also wish to consult with your personal tax advisor regarding how the Option Award impacts your individual tax situation. Nothing contained in this Award Notice or in the Plan prospectus shall be construed as a guarantee of any particular tax effect for any benefits or amounts deferred or paid pursuant to this Award Notice.

The exercise of an NQSO is a taxable event in many taxing jurisdictions. In some countries, including the United States, the Company is required to withhold taxes upon the taxable event. To satisfy this withholding obligation, you hereby authorize the Company to withhold a number of shares to satisfy the withholding obligation from the shares otherwise to be issued or delivered to you under the Option Award. The Company may withhold or account for tax withholding obligations by considering statutory withholding amounts or other withholding rates, including up to the maximum rate applicable in your jurisdiction. Alternatively, by your acceptance of this Option Award, you hereby authorize the Company (or your employer), or their respective agents, to select any of the following methods to satisfy withholding obligations upon a taxable event applicable to your Option Award (i) a cash payment by you to the Company, (ii) your delivery (either actual delivery or by attestation procedures established by the Company) to the Company of previously issued whole shares of Common Stock having an aggregate Fair Market Value equal to the amount necessary to satisfy any such obligation, (iii) withholding from proceeds from the sale of shares of Common Stock acquired upon exercise of the Options through a mandatory sale arranged by the Company (on your behalf pursuant to this authorization), or (iv) any other method of withholding determined by the Company and permitted by applicable laws and the Plan; provided, however, that if you are subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act, you shall be permitted to select among the methods set forth in subsection (i) through (iv) in lieu of the net share withholding method set forth in the immediately preceding sentence.

The Company will take steps required to achieve compliance with all applicable United States federal and state securities laws (and other laws, including registration requirements) and with the rules and practices of the stock exchanges upon which the stock of the Company is listed and the Option Award is subject to the requirements of such laws and rules. The Option Award is subject to the condition that if the listing, registration or qualification of the shares of Common Stock subject to the Option Award upon any securities exchange or under any law, or the consent or approval of any governmental body, or the taking of any other action is necessary or desirable as a condition of, or in connection with, the issuance or delivery of shares hereunder, the shares of Common Stock subject to the Option Award shall not be issued or delivered, in whole or in part, unless such listing, registration, qualification, consent, approval or other action shall have been effected or obtained, free of any conditions not acceptable to the Company. The Company agrees to use reasonable efforts to effect or obtain any such listing, registration, qualification, consent, approval or other action.

Provisions are made within the Plan covering the effect of stock dividends, stock splits, changes in par value, changes in kind of stock, sale, merger, recapitalization, reorganization, etc.

The Option Award (and its exercise) is subject to certain forfeiture conditions set forth in the Plan, including pursuant to any policy adopted by the Company as contemplated under the Plan, which, in the event such conditions are determined to have occurred, may result in immediate forfeiture and cancellation of your outstanding Option Award or an obligation to repay the Company any amounts that become payable under your Option Award. Also, you hereby agree that the Company generally may deduct from and set off against any amounts the Company owes to you, including amounts payable in connection with this Option Award, such amounts you may owe to the Company. To satisfy any recoupment obligation arising under the foregoing

provisions, you expressly and explicitly authorize the Company to issue instructions, on your behalf, to any brokerage firm or stock plan service provider engaged by the Company to hold any shares of Common Stock or other amounts acquired pursuant to the Option Award to re-convey, transfer or otherwise return such shares of Common Stock and/or other amounts to the Company upon the Company’s enforcement of any clawback or compensation recovery policy.

The Option Award is not intended to and shall not impact the coverage of or the amount of any other employee benefit plans in which you participate that are sponsored by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or affiliates.

The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on your participation in the Plan, on the NQSOs and on any shares of Common Stock acquired under the Plan, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require you to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing.

In no event shall the granting of the Option Award or its acceptance by you, or any provision of the Award Notice or the Plan, give or be deemed to give you any right to continued employment by the Company, any Subsidiary or any affiliate of the Company or affect in any manner the right of the Company, any Subsidiary or any affiliate of the Company to terminate your employment at any time.

The Board or the Committee shall have the right to resolve all questions which may arise in connection with the Option Award. Any interpretation, determination or other action made or taken by the Board or the Committee regarding the Plan or this Option Award shall be final, binding and conclusive.

This Award Notice shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of any successor or successors of the Company and any person or persons who shall acquire any rights hereunder in accordance with this Award Notice or the Plan.

The invalidity or unenforceability of any particular provision of this Award Notice shall not affect the other provisions hereof and this Award Notice shall be construed in all respects as if such invalid or unenforceable provision was omitted.

This Award Notice, the Option Award and all determinations made and actions taken pursuant hereto and thereto, to the extent not governed by the laws of the United States, shall be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware and construed in accordance therewith without giving effect to principles of conflicts of laws. You expressly consent to the exclusive jurisdiction of the federal and state courts serving Irving, Texas for all lawsuits and actions arising out of or relating to the Option Award and this Award Notice, and you expressly waive any defense that such courts lack personal jurisdiction over you. All such lawsuits and actions shall be tried in the federal or state courts serving Irving, Texas to the exclusion of all other courts.

This Award Notice and the Plan constitute the entire agreement between you and the Company with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede in their entirety all prior undertakings and agreements between you and the Company with respect to the subject matter hereof, and except as provided herein, may not be modified adversely to your interest except by means of a writing signed by you and the Company.

You are required to electronically accept this Award Notice within your stock plan account with the Company’s stock plan administrator according to the procedures then in effect in order to receive the Option Award. Your acceptance of this Award Notice constitutes acknowledgement of receipt of the Plan and this Option Award and consent to the terms of the Plan and this Award Notice as described in the Plan and this Award Notice. You have at least 14 calendar days to consider this Award Notice before accepting it, but you may voluntarily waive this period and accept sooner. Please be advised that you may consult with an attorney of your own choosing to seek independent advice before accepting this Option Award. By accepting this Award Notice, you acknowledge that you have accepted it knowingly and voluntarily and with the full knowledge and understanding of its provisions after being given the opportunity to consult with counsel.

All notices, requests or other communications provided for in this Award Notice shall be made, if to the Company, to Caterpillar Inc., Equity Compensation Administration, 100 N.E. Adams Street, Peoria, IL ###-###-#### (or, if applicable, to any updated address provided by the Company for such purposes), and if to you, to your last known mailing address on file with the Company’s stock plan administrator. All notices, requests or other communications provided for in this Award Notice shall be made in writing either (a) by personal delivery, (b) by facsimile or electronic mail with confirmation of receipt, (c) by mailing in the United States mail or (d) by express courier service. The notice, request or other communication shall be deemed to be received upon personal delivery, upon confirmation of receipt of facsimile or electronic mail transmission or upon receipt by the party entitled thereto if by United States mail or express courier service; provided, however, that if a notice, request or other communication sent to the Company is not received during regular business hours, it shall be deemed to be received on the next succeeding business day of the Company.

If you disclose or make use of any “confidential information” (as defined below) for your own purpose or for the benefit of any person or entity, except as may be necessary in the ordinary course of your employment with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, all of your unexercised NQSOs associated with the Option Award (whether vested or non-vested) shall expire and all rights associated with such NQSOs will cease immediately. For this purpose, “confidential information” means information that could cause harm to the Company, its Subsidiaries or its shareholders if disclosed to unauthorized users especially those outside of the Company and its Subsidiaries.

By accepting this Option Award, you agree that until 12 months following your termination of employment, you will not directly or indirectly, without the prior written consent of Caterpillar Inc., do any of the following:

If you engage in any of the activities listed above without the prior written consent of Caterpillar Inc. within the first 12 months following your termination of employment, all of your unexercised NQSOs associated with the Option Award (whether vested or non-vested) shall expire immediately and all rights thereunder cease upon such termination.

The post-employment restrictions above shall not apply to you and will not be enforced by the Company to the extent any laws, rules, codes of professional responsibility or conduct, professional standards or regulations applicable to you and your employment with the Company prohibit such restrictions.

If you reside or work in the State of California, only subsection (ii) above is applicable to you. If you reside or work in the State of Colorado, you further acknowledge that the Company provided you with a separate notice advising you of the above post-employment restrictions in accordance with CRS § 8-2-113.

If you reside or work in the District of Columbia, the District's Ban on Non-Compete Agreements Amendment Act of 2020 limits the use of non-compete agreements. It allows employers to request non-compete agreements from highly compensated employees, as that term is defined in the Ban on Non-Compete Agreements Amendment Act of 2020, under certain conditions. The Company has determined that you are a highly compensated employee. For more information about the Ban on Non-Compete Agreements Amendment Act of 2020, contact the District of Columbia Department of Employment Services (DOES).

For purposes of this Post-Employment Restrictions section, “Company” also includes each and all of the Company’s parents, Subsidiaries, and affiliates.

For more detailed information about the Plan, please refer to the Plan prospectus or the Plan itself. Copies of these documents can be obtained on the Company’s intranet site. If you do not have intranet access or have any questions regarding the administration of Caterpillar’s equity compensation program, please contact executivecompensation@cat.com.