Description of Common Shares of Beneficial Interest
EX-4.2 3 aciq42024exhibit42.htm EX-4.2 Document
Exhibit 4.2
DESCRIPTION OF OUR COMMON SHARES
The following is a description based on relevant portions of Delaware law and on Ares Core Infrastructure Fund’s (the “Fund,” “we,” “us” or “our”) Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust (as such may be amended and restated from time to time, the “Declaration of Trust”) and Amended and Restated Bylaws (as such may be amended and restated from time to time, the “Bylaws”), each of which is filed as an exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Annual Report”) of which this Exhibit 4.2 is a part. This summary is not necessarily complete, and we refer you to Delaware law, our Declaration of Trust and our Bylaws for a more detailed description of the provisions summarized below.
General
The terms of the Declaration of Trust authorize the Fund to issue an unlimited number of Shares, with such par value as may be authorized from time to time by the trustees in their sole discretion without Shareholder approval, of which 6,226,600 Shares were outstanding as of December 31, 2024, and an unlimited number of preferred shares, with such par value as may be authorized from time to time by the trustees in their sole discretion without Shareholder approval. The Declaration of Trust also provides that the Board may classify or reclassify any Shares or preferred shares into one or more classes or series of Shares or preferred shares by setting or changing the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, or limitations as to distributions, qualifications, or terms or conditions of redemption of the Shares or preferred shares. There is currently no market for our Shares, and we can offer no assurances that a market for our Shares will develop in the future. We do not intend for our Shares to be listed on any national securities exchange. There are no outstanding options or warrants to purchase our Shares. No Shares have been authorized for issuance under any equity compensation plans. Under the terms of our Declaration of Trust, Shareholders shall be entitled to the same limited liability extended to Shareholders of private Delaware for profit corporations formed under the Delaware General Corporation Law. Our Declaration of Trust provides that no Shareholder shall be liable for any debt, claim, demand, judgment or obligation of any kind of, against or with respect to us by reason of being a Shareholder, nor shall any Shareholder be subject to any personal liability whatsoever, in tort, contract or otherwise, to any person in connection with the Fund’s assets or the affairs of the Fund by reason of being a Shareholder. Unless the Board determines otherwise, we will issue all of our Shares in uncertificated form.
Subject to the terms of an applicable Subscription Agreement, none of our Shares are subject to further calls or to assessments, sinking fund provisions, obligations of the Fund or potential liabilities associated with ownership of the security (not including investment risks). In addition, except as may be provided by the Board in setting the terms of any class or series of Shares, no Shareholder shall be entitled to exercise appraisal rights in connection with any transaction.
Shares
Under the terms of the Declaration of Trust, all Shares have equal rights as to dividends, other distributions and voting and, when they are issued, will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. Dividends and other distributions may be paid to Shareholders if, as and when authorized by the Board and declared by us out of funds legally available therefor. Shares have no preemptive, exchange, conversion or redemption rights and Shareholders have no appraisal rights. Shareholders may not transfer Shares unless (i) the Adviser gives consent, or the transfer is permitted under the Subscription Agreement, including transfers to the Fund in connection with the Fund’s planned Share Repurchase Program and (ii) the transfer is made in accordance with the transfer restrictions contained in the Subscription Agreement and applicable securities law.
In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, each Share would be entitled to share ratably in all of our assets that are legally available for distribution after we pay or otherwise provide for all claims and obligations and subject to any preferential rights of holders of our preferred shares, if any preferred shares are outstanding at such time. Subject to the rights of holders of any other class or series of shares, each Share will be entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of Shareholders, including the election of trustees. There will be no cumulative voting in the election of trustees. Cumulative voting entitles a Shareholder to as many votes as equals the number of votes which such holder would be entitled to cast for the election of trustees multiplied by the number of trustees to be elected and allows a Shareholder to cast a portion or all of the Shareholder’s votes for one or more candidates for seats on the Board. Without cumulative voting, a minority Shareholder may not be able to elect as many trustees as the Shareholder would be able to elect if cumulative voting were permitted. Subject to the special rights of the holders of any class or series of preferred shares to elect trustees, each trustee will be elected by a plurality of the votes cast with respect to such trustee’s election, provided that, in the case where the number of nominees for the trusteeships exceeds the number of such trustees to be elected, a majority of all votes cast shall be required to elect such nominee.
Preferred Shares
The Private Offering does not include an offering of preferred shares, and we do not currently have any preferred shares outstanding. However, under the terms of the Declaration of Trust, our Board may authorize us to issue preferred shares in one or more classes or series, without Shareholder approval, to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. The Board has the power to fix the preferences, conversion and other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption of each class or series of preferred shares. We do not currently anticipate issuing preferred shares in the near future. In the event we issue preferred shares, we will make any required disclosure to Shareholders. We will not offer preferred shares to the Adviser or our affiliates except on the same terms as offered to all other Shareholders.
Preferred shares could be issued with terms that would adversely affect the Shareholders. Preferred shares could also be used as an anti-takeover device through the issuance of shares of a class or series of preferred shares with terms and conditions which could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or a change in control. Every issuance of preferred shares will be required to comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act. The 1940 Act requires, among other things, that: (1) immediately after issuance and before any dividend or other distribution is made with respect to Shares and before any purchase of Shares is made, such preferred shares together with all other senior securities must not exceed an amount equal to 50% of our total assets after deducting the amount of such distribution or purchase price, as the case may be, and (2) the holders of preferred shares, if any are issued, must be entitled as a class voting separately to elect two trustees at all times and to elect a majority of the trustees if distributions on such preferred shares are in arrears by two full years or more. Certain matters under the 1940 Act require the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding preferred shares (as determined in accordance with the 1940 Act) voting together as a separate class. For example, the vote of such holders of preferred shares would be required to approve a proposal involving a plan of reorganization adversely affecting such securities.
The issuance of any preferred shares must be approved by a majority of our Independent Trustees not otherwise interested in the transaction, who will have access, at our expense, to our legal counsel or to independent legal counsel.
Limitation on Liability of Trustees and Officers; Indemnification and Advance of Expenses
The Delaware Statutory Trust Act (the “Statutory Trust Act”) permits a Delaware statutory trust to include in its declaration of trust a provision to indemnify and hold harmless any trustee or beneficial owner or other person from and against any and all claims and demands whatsoever. Our Declaration of Trust, subject to certain exceptions described herein, provides that our trustees will not be liable to us or our Shareholders for monetary damages to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Our Declaration of Trust, subject to certain exceptions described therein, provides for the indemnification of any person to the full extent permitted by Delaware law.
Pursuant to our Declaration of Trust and subject to certain exceptions described therein, we will indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to (i) any individual who is a present or former trustee or officer, employee, controlling person or agent of the Fund or the Adviser or its controlling person and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of their service in that capacity or (ii) any individual who, while a trustee or officer of the Fund, or our Adviser or its controlling person, and at the request of the Fund, serves or has served as a trustee, officer, partner or trustee of any corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of their service in that capacity (each such person, an “Indemnitee”), in each case to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we will not indemnify an Indemnitee against any liability or loss suffered by such Indemnitee unless (1) the Indemnified Party was acting on the Fund’s behalf or performing services for the Fund; (2) such liability or loss was not the result of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of their position; and (3) the indemnification or agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of the Fund’s net assets and not from its Shareholders.
In addition, the Declaration of Trust permits the Fund to advance reasonable expenses to an Indemnitee, and we will do so in advance of final disposition of a proceeding (a) if the proceeding relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on behalf of the Fund and (b) upon the Fund’s receipt of (i) a written affirmation by such person of their good faith belief that they have met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the Fund and (ii) a written undertaking by them or on their behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the Fund, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, if it is ultimately determined by final, non-appealable decision of a court of competent jurisdiction, that the Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification.
The indemnification provisions described above in the Declaration of Trust are subject to the limitations of applicable federal securities laws.
In addition to the indemnification provided for in our Declaration of Trust, we have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our current trustees, certain of our officers and with members of the Investment Committee, and we intend to enter into indemnification agreements with each of our future trustees, future members of our Investment Committee and certain of our future officers. The indemnification agreements attempt to provide these trustees, officers and other persons the maximum indemnification permitted under Delaware law and the applicable federal securities laws. The agreements provide, among other things, for the advancement of expenses and indemnification for liabilities that such person may incur by reason of their status as a present or former trustee or officer or member of the Investment Committee in any action or proceeding arising out of the performance of such person’s services as a present or former trustee or officer or member of the Investment Committee.
Delaware Law and Certain Declaration of Trust Provisions
Organization and Duration
We were formed in Delaware on May 7, 2024, and will remain in existence until dissolved in accordance with our Declaration of Trust or pursuant to Delaware law.
Purpose
Under the Declaration of Trust, we are permitted to engage in any business activity that lawfully may be conducted by a statutory trust organized under Delaware law and, in connection therewith, to exercise all of the rights and powers conferred upon us pursuant to the agreements relating to such business activity.
Our Declaration of Trust contains provisions that could make it more difficult for a potential acquirer to acquire us by means of a tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise. Our Board may, without Shareholder action, authorize the issuance of Shares in one or more classes or series, including preferred shares and our Declaration of Trust provides that, while we do not intend to list our Shares on any securities exchange, if any class of our Shares is listed on a national securities exchange, our Board will be divided into three classes of trustees serving staggered terms of three years each. These provisions are expected to discourage certain coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to negotiate first with our Board. We believe that the benefits of these provisions outweigh the potential disadvantages of discouraging any such acquisition proposals because, among other things, the negotiation of such proposals may improve their terms.
Number of Trustees; Vacancies; Removal; Term and Election; Certain Transactions
Our Declaration of Trust provides that the number of trustees will be set only by our Board in accordance with our Bylaws. Our Bylaws provide that a majority of our entire Board may at any time increase or decrease the number of trustees. by a majority vote or written consent. Our Organizational Documents provide that the number of trustees generally may not be less than one. Except as otherwise required by applicable requirements of the 1940 Act and as may be provided by the our Board in setting the terms of any class or series of preferred shares, pursuant to an election under the Declaration of Trust, any and all vacancies on the our Board may be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining trustees in office, even if the remaining trustees do not constitute a quorum, and any trustee elected to fill a vacancy will serve for the remainder of the full term of the trustee for whom the vacancy occurred and until a successor is elected by our Shareholders and qualified, subject to any applicable requirements of the 1940 Act.
Our Declaration of Trust provides that a trustee may be removed with or without cause by a majority of the remaining trustees (or in the case of the removal of a trustee that is not an interested person, a majority of the remaining trustees that are not interested persons).
Under the Declaration of Trust, the Fund is not required to hold annual meetings and, prior to the earlier of (a) a listing of any class of the Fund’s shares on a national securities exchange, if any, and (b) the date of notice of the Fund’s first annual meeting of Shareholders, each trustee will hold office for life (or until the attainment of any mandatory retirement age or term limits established by a majority of the Board) or until his or her successor is elected or the Fund terminates, unless such trustee resigns or is removed in accordance with the Declaration of Trust. However, effective upon and following the occurrence of the earlier of (a) a listing of any class of the Fund’s Shares on a national securities exchange, if any, and (b) the date of notice of the Fund’s first annual meeting of Shareholders, the Board will be divided into three classes, with the terms of one class expiring at each annual meeting of Shareholders. At each annual meeting, one class of trustees will be elected to a three-year term. This
provision could delay for up to two years the replacement of a majority of the Board. A trustee, or the entire Board (provided that the aggregate number of trustees after such removal shall not be less than the minimum number required under the Declaration of Trust), may be removed from office, with or without cause, and only by the action of a majority of the remaining trustees (or in the case of the removal of an Independent Trustee, a majority of the remaining Independent Trustees).
In the event of a Shareholder vote on election of trustees, trustees shall be elected by a plurality of the vote of all holders of the outstanding Shares, provided that, in the case where the number of nominees for the trusteeships exceeds the number of such trustees to be elected, a majority of all votes cast shall be required to elect such nominee. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the holders of outstanding preferred shares, if any, will be entitled, voting as a separate class, to elect two trustees of the Fund at all times. In addition, the holders of outstanding preferred shares, if any, will be entitled, voting as a separate class, to elect a majority of the Board (i) if, at the close of business on any distribution payment date, distributions (whether or not declared) on outstanding preferred shares are unpaid in an amount equal to at least two full years’ distributions on the preferred shares, or (ii) if at any time holders of preferred shares are otherwise entitled under the 1940 Act to elect a majority of the Board.
Action by Shareholders
The Shareholders will only have voting rights as required by the 1940 Act or as otherwise provided for in the Declaration of Trust. Under the Declaration of Trust, the Fund is not required to hold annual meetings and the Bylaws provide that a meeting of Shareholders will not be required in any year in which the election of trustees is not required to be held under the 1940 Act. The failure to hold an annual meeting will not invalidate the Fund’s existence or affect any otherwise valid corporate act of the Fund.
A special meeting of the Shareholders may be called at any time by a majority of the Board or the chief executive officer.
Amendment of the Declaration of Trust; No Approval by Shareholders
The Board may, without Shareholder vote (subject to applicable state and federal securities laws requirements), amend or otherwise supplement the Declaration of Trust by making an amendment, a Declaration of Trust supplemental thereto or an amended and restated Declaration of Trust. Shareholders will only have the right to vote on any amendment that would adversely affect the powers, preferences or special rights of the Shares as determined by the Board in good faith or is submitted to them by the Board. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in connection with a listing of the Shares on a national securities exchange, the Board may, without the approval or vote of the Shareholders, amend or supplement the Declaration of Trust in any manner, including, without limitation, to add voting restrictions or other limitations similar to provisions found in control share acquisition or similar statutes, to classify the Board, to impose super-majority approval for certain types of transactions and to otherwise add or modify provisions that may be deemed to be adverse to Shareholders. A proposed amendment to the Declaration of Trust requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board for adoption.
An amendment duly adopted by the requisite vote of the Board and, if required, the Shareholders as aforesaid, will become effective at the time of such adoption or at such other time as may be designated by the Board or Shareholders, as the case may be. A certification in recordable form signed by a majority of the Board setting forth an amendment and reciting that it was duly adopted by the trustees and, if required, the Shareholders as aforesaid, or a copy of the Declaration of Trust, as amended, in recordable form, and executed by a majority of the Board, will be conclusive evidence of such amendment when lodged among the records of the Fund or at such other time designated by the Board.
Derivative Actions
Our Declaration of Trust provides that no person, other than a trustee, who is not a Shareholder shall be entitled to bring any derivative action, suit or other proceeding on behalf of the Fund. No Shareholder may maintain a derivative action on behalf of the Fund unless holders of at least ten percent (10%) of the outstanding Shares join in the bringing of such action. This requirement shall not apply to claims arising under federal securities laws.
In addition to the requirements set forth in Section 3816 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, a Shareholder may bring a derivative action on behalf of the Fund only if the following conditions are met: (i) the Shareholder or Shareholders must make a pre-suit demand upon the Board to bring the subject action unless an effort to cause the Board to bring such an action is not likely to succeed; and a demand on the Board will only be deemed not likely to succeed and therefore excused if a majority of the Board, or a majority of any committee established to consider the merits of such action, is composed of trustees who are not Independent Trustees; and (ii) unless a demand is not required under clause (i) above, the Board must be afforded a reasonable amount of time to consider such Shareholder request and to investigate the basis of such claim; and the Board will be entitled to retain counsel or other advisors in considering the merits of the request and may require an undertaking by the Shareholders
making such request to reimburse the Fund for the expense of any such advisors in the event that the Board determines not to bring such action (such reimbursement shall not apply to claims arising under federal securities laws). For purposes of this paragraph, the Board may designate a committee of one or more trustees to consider a Shareholder demand.
Direct Action
Our Declaration of Trust provides that to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, the Shareholders’ right to bring direct actions against the Fund and/or its trustees is eliminated, except for a direct action to enforce an individual Shareholder right to vote or a direct action to enforce an individual Shareholder’s rights under Sections 3805(e) or 3819 of the Statutory Trust Act. To the extent such right cannot be eliminated to this extent as a matter of Delaware law, then the conditions required for the bringing of a derivative action pursuant to the Declaration of Trust and Section 3816 of the Statutory Trust Act shall be equally applicable to bringing a direct action. This provision shall not apply to claims arising under federal securities laws.
Exclusive Delaware Jurisdiction
Our Declaration of Trust provides that, each trustee, each officer, each Shareholder and each person legally or beneficially owning an interest in a share of the Fund (whether through a broker, dealer, bank, trust company or clearing corporation or an agent of any of the foregoing or otherwise), to the fullest extent permitted by law, including Section 3804(e) of the Statutory Trust Act, (i) irrevocably agrees that any claims, suits, actions or proceedings arising out of or relating in any way to the Fund or its business and affairs, the Statutory Trust Act, this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws or asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs (or similar) doctrine (including, without limitation, any claims, suits, actions or proceedings to interpret, apply or enforce (A) the provisions of this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws, or (B) the duties (including fiduciary duties), obligations or liabilities of the Fund to the Shareholders or the trustees, or of officers or the trustees to the Fund, to the Shareholders or each other, or (C) the rights or powers of, or restrictions on, the Fund, the officers, the trustees or the Shareholders, or (D) any provision of the Statutory Trust Act or other laws of the State of Delaware pertaining to trusts made applicable to the Fund pursuant to Section 3809 of the Statutory Trust Act, I(E) any other instrument, document, agreement or certificate contemplated by any provision of the Statutory Trust Act, this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws relating in any way to the Fund or (F) the federal securities laws of the United States, including, without limitation, the 1940 Act, or the securities or antifraud laws of any international, national, state, provincial, territorial, local or other governmental or regulatory authority, including, in each case, the applicable rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (regardless, in every case, of whether such claims, suits, actions or proceedings (x) sound in contract, tort, fraud or otherwise, (y) are based on common law, statutory, equitable, legal or other grounds, or (z) are derivative or direct claims)), shall be exclusively brought in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or, if such court does not have subject matter jurisdiction thereof, any other court in the State of Delaware with subject matter jurisdiction, (ii) irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in connection with any such claim, suit, action or proceeding, (iii) irrevocably agrees not to, and waives any right to, assert in any such claim, suit, action or proceeding that (A) it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of such courts or any other court to which proceedings in such courts may be appealed, (B) such claim, suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum, or (C) the venue of such claim, suit, action or proceeding is improper, (iv) consents to process being served in any such claim, suit, action or proceeding by mailing, certified mail, return receipt requested, a copy thereof to such party at the address in effect for notices hereunder, and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof; provided, nothing in clause (iv) hereof shall affect or limit any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law, and (v) irrevocably waives any and all right to trial by jury in any such claim, suit, action or proceeding. In the event that any claim, suit, action or proceeding is commenced outside of the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware in contravention of the Declaration of Trust, all reasonable and documented out of pocket fees, costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and court costs, incurred by the prevailing party in such claim, suit, action or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party. This section does not apply to any claims brought under the federal securities laws, as stated in Section 14.2 of Article XIV of the Declaration of Trust.
Determinations by our Board
Our Declaration of Trust contains a provision that codifies the authority of our Board to manage our business and affairs. This provision enumerates certain matters and states that the determination as to any such enumerated matters made by or pursuant to the direction of our Board (consistent with our Declaration of Trust) is final, conclusive, and binding upon us and our Shareholders. This provision does not alter the duties our Board owes to us or our Shareholders pursuant to our Declaration of Trust and under Delaware law or under applicable federal securities laws.
Construction and Governing Law
Our Declaration of Trust provides that the Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws, and the rights and obligations of the trustees and Shareholders, shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the Delaware Statutory Trust Act and the laws of the State of Delaware. Under the terms of our Declaration of Trust, to the fullest extent permitted by law, our Shareholders and the Board of the Fund will be deemed to have waived any non-mandatory rights of beneficial owners or trustees under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act or general trust law, and the Fund, our Shareholders, and the trustees shall not be subject to any applicable provisions of law pertaining to trusts that, in a manner inconsistent with the express terms of our Declaration of Trust or Bylaws, relate to or regulate (i) the filing with any court or governmental body or agency of trustee accounts or schedules of trustee fees and charges, (ii) affirmative requirements to post bonds for trustees, officers, agents or employees of a trust,(iii) the necessity for obtaining court or other governmental approval concerning the acquisition, holding or disposition of real or personal property, (iv) fees or other sums payable to trustees, officers, agents or employees of a trust, (v) the allocation of receipts and expenditures to income or principal, (vi) restrictions or limitations on the permissible nature, amount or concentration of trust investments or requirements relating to the titling, storage or other manner of holding or investing trust assets, or (vii) the establishment of fiduciary or other standards or responsibilities or limitations on the acts or powers of trustees, which are inconsistent with the limitations or liabilities or authorities and powers of trustees as set forth or referenced in our Declaration of Trust.
Books and Reports
We are required to keep appropriate books of our business at our principal offices. The books will be maintained for both tax and financial reporting purposes on an accrual basis in accordance with GAAP.
Access to Records
Shareholders shall have access to records of the Fund as provided in Section 3819 of the Statutory Trust Act.
Reports to Shareholders
The Fund will furnish to Shareholders as soon as commercially practicable after the end of each taxable year and each calendar year such information as is necessary for them to complete U.S. federal and state income tax or information returns, along with any other tax information required by law.
The Fund will also furnish to Shareholders annual reports containing audited financial statements, quarterly reports, and such other reports as the Fund determines to be appropriate or as may be required by law. Upon the effectiveness of this Registration Statement under the 1934 Act, the Fund will be required to comply with all reporting, proxy solicitation and other applicable requirements under the 1934 Act.
Shareholders and the public may view the materials the Company files with the SEC through its website at www.sec.gov.
Conflict with the 1940 Act
Our Declaration of Trust provides that, if and to the extent that any provision of Delaware law, or any provision of our Declaration of Trust conflicts with any provision of the 1940 Act, the applicable provision of the 1940 Act will control. In addition, the Fund intends to amend and restate the Declaration of Trust to clarify that, if and to the extent that any provision of our Declaration of Trust conflicts with any provision of applicable federal securities laws, the applicable provision of the applicable federal securities laws will control.