Description of Capital Stock

The following is a summary of the rights of our common stock and preferred stock, and of certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation (as amended, our “certificate of incorporation”), our amended and restated bylaws (our “bylaws”), and certain provisions of applicable law. The following description is only a summary and does not purport to be complete and is qualified by reference to our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws, which are filed as exhibits to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020.

Our authorized capital stock consists of 405,000,000 shares, all with a par value of $0.01 per share, of which:

• 400,000,000 shares are designated as common stock; and

• 5,000,000 shares are designated as preferred stock.

        As of March 31, 2020, 131,934,957 shares of our common stock were issued and 122,585,013 shares of our common stock were outstanding. As of March 31, 2020, there were also 1,950,373 shares of common stock subject to outstanding stock options, restricted stock units, performance share units and deferred stock units under our equity incentive plans. In addition, on April 23, 2020, we issued a warrant (the “April 2020 warrant”) providing for the purchase of up to 846,748 shares of our common stock on or before April 23, 2025 at an exercise price of $31.61 per share.

The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted on by our stockholders. Our bylaws provide that, except as otherwise provided, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the stock present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on the subject matter shall be the act of stockholders. For the election of directors, our bylaws provide that each director is elected by a majority of the votes cast with respect to the director’s election at any meeting of stockholders for the election of directors at which a quorum is present; provided that if, as of the tenth day preceding the date the notice of the meeting of stockholders is first sent to stockholders, the number of nominees for director exceeds the number of directors to be elected, directors will instead be elected by a plurality of shares represented in person or by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors. Stockholders are not entitled to cumulate their votes at any election of directors.

Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then outstanding preferred stock, holders of common stock are entitled to receive dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of legally available funds.

In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of common stock will be entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities and the satisfaction of any liquidation preference granted to the holders of any then outstanding shares of preferred stock.

Holders of common stock have no preemptive, conversion, subscription or other rights, and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. The rights, preferences and privileges of the holders of common stock are subject to and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate in the future.

All of our outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and nonassessable.

Our board of directors has the authority, without further action by our stockholders, to designate and issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series. Our board of directors may also designate the rights, preferences and privileges of each such series of preferred stock, any or all of which may be greater than or senior to those of our common stock. Though the actual effect of any issuance of preferred stock on the rights of the holders of common stock will not be known until our board of directors determines the specific rights of the holders of preferred stock, the potential effects of such an issuance include:

• diluting the voting power of the holders of common stock;

• reducing the likelihood that holders of common stock will receive dividend payments;

• reducing the likelihood that holders of common stock will receive payments in the event of our sale, liquidation, dissolution, or winding up; and

• delaying, deterring or preventing a change-in-control or other corporate takeover.

        On April 23, 2020, we issued the April 2020 warrant to the United States Department of the Treasury (together with its permitted assignees, “Treasury”). The number of shares of our common stock that may be acquired upon exercise of the April 2020 warrant and the exercise price per share therefor are subject to adjustment from time to time as provided in the April 2020 warrant. The April 2020 warrant is non-voting, freely transferable, and may be settled on a net basis or in cash at our option.

        In connection with our issuance of the April 2020 warrant to Treasury, we also entered into a Warrant Agreement (the “April 2020 warrant agreement’) with Treasury. Under the terms of the April 2020 warrant agreement, Treasury has agreed that it will not vote any shares of common stock issued upon exercise of the 2020 warrant. In addition, pursuant to the April 2020 warrant agreement, but subject to certain exceptions, on or before the earlier of (A) 30 days after all warrants that may be issued pursuant to the April 2020 warrant agreement are issued and (B) September 30, 2020, we have agreed to register under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the resale by Treasury of the April 2020 warrant and any shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the April 2020 warrant. Treasury may also demand an underwritten offering of the April 2020 warrant or any shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the April 2020 warrant, subject to certain conditions and limitations described in the April 2020 warrant agreement. We are responsible for paying all registration expenses and expenses associated with an underwritten offering in connection with any registration or underwritten offering pursuant to the

April 2020 warrant agreement, excluding any underwriting fees, commissions, discounts and allowances and related legal fees. The April 2020 warrant agreement includes customary indemnification provisions in favor of Treasury against certain losses and liabilities arising out of or based upon any filing or other disclosure made by us under the securities laws relating to any such registration.

Certain provisions of Delaware law and our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that could have the effect of delaying, deferring or discouraging another party from acquiring control of us. These provisions, which are summarized below, are expected to discourage certain types of coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also designed in part to encourage anyone seeking to acquire control of us to negotiate with our board of directors. We believe that the advantages gained by protecting our ability to negotiate with any unsolicited and potentially unfriendly acquirer outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging such proposals, including those priced above the then-current market value of our common stock, because, among other reasons, the negotiation of such proposals could improve their terms.

Our certificate of incorporation and/or bylaws include provisions that:

• authorize our board of directors to issue, without further action by our stockholders (subject to applicable shareholder approval requirements of the New York Stock Exchange), shares of our common stock; 

• authorize our board of directors to issue, without further action by our stockholders, up to 5,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock; 

• require that any action to be taken by our stockholders be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting or by the unanimous written consent of our stockholders; 

• specify that special meetings of our stockholders can be called only by (1) our chairperson of the board of directors, (2) our board of directors acting pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of our board of directors or (3) our board of directors upon written request to our secretary of one or more holders of not less than 10% of our outstanding capital stock entitled to vote on the matter or matters to be brought before the proposed special meeting; 

• establish an advance notice procedure for stockholder proposals to be brought before an annual meeting of our stockholders, including proposed nominations of persons for election to our board of directors; 

• establish a process to allow an eligible stockholder or group of up to 20 eligible stockholders, owning 3% or more of our outstanding common stock continuously for at least three years, to include in our proxy materials for an annual meeting of stockholders their own nominee or nominees for director constituting 20% of our board of directors (rounded down to the nearest whole number, but not less than two); and

• provide that vacancies on our board of directors may be filled only by a majority of directors then in office, even though less than a quorum.

        Under the provisions of our bylaws, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for: (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of us; (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our

directors, officers, other employee or stockholder to us or our stockholders; (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”) or as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware; or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine.

        This exclusive forum provision is intended to apply to claims arising under Delaware state law and would not apply to claims brought pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. The exclusive forum provision in our bylaws will not relieve us of our duties to comply with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder, and our stockholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with these laws, rules and regulations.

We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL regulating corporate takeovers. In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly-held Delaware corporation from engaging, under certain circumstances, in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years following the date the person became an interested stockholder, unless:

• prior to the date of the transaction, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

• upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding, but not for determining the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder, (1) shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers, and (2) shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

• at or subsequent to the date of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the board of directors of the corporation and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66²/3% of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder.

Generally, a business combination includes a merger, asset or stock sale, or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. An interested stockholder is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns or, within three years prior to the determination of interested stockholder status, did own 15% or more of a corporation’s outstanding voting stock. We expect the existence of this provision to have an anti-takeover effect with respect to transactions our board of directors does not approve in advance. We also anticipate that Section 203 may discourage business combinations or other attempts that might result in the payment of a premium over the market price for the shares of common stock held by our stockholders.

The provisions of Delaware law and our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could have the effect of discouraging others from attempting hostile takeovers and, as a consequence, they may also inhibit temporary fluctuations in the market price of our common stock that often result from actual or rumored takeover attempts. These provisions may also have the effect of preventing changes in our management. It is possible that these provisions could make it more difficult to accomplish transactions that stockholders may otherwise deem to be in their best interests.

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Computershare. The transfer agent and registrar’s address is Computershare Trust Company, N.A., 462 South 4th Street, Suite 1600, Louisville, KY 40202. The transfer agent’s telephone number is ###-###-####.

        Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “ALK.”